Speaking English - Discussing Advantages & Disadvantages

316,771 views ใƒป 2012-11-17

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi. My name is Rebecca, and in today's vocabulary lesson, you'll have a chance to learn a variety
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒฌใƒ™ใƒƒใ‚ซใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง
00:09
of expressions to discuss the positive and negative aspects of any subject or topic.
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ใฏใ€ไธป้กŒใ‚„ใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ๅด้ขใจๅฆๅฎš็š„ๅด้ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใช่กจ็พใ‚’ๅญฆใถๆฉŸไผšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
00:16
Okay? So let's have a look at the board. You can use the expressions that I'm going to
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰
00:22
teach you in a few minutes in verbal situations or in written situations. Okay? So you can
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ๆ•ฐๅˆ†ใงๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹่กจ็พใฏใ€ๅฃ้ ญ ใงใ‚‚ๆ›ธ้ขใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใฎ
00:29
use them in conversations, in discussions, presentations, or debates. You can also use
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ใพใŸใฏใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:37
them when you're writing academic papers or assignments. You can use them in business
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ๅญฆ่ก“่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚„่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’ๆ›ธใใจใใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น
00:42
reports and also in personal or professional email. Okay? So how do we discuss what are
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ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚„ใ€ๅ€‹ไบบใพใŸใฏไป•ไบ‹็”จใฎ ้›ปๅญใƒกใƒผใƒซใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ๅด้ขใจๅฆๅฎš็š„ๅด้ข
00:50
the terms we can use to discuss or describe the positive and negative aspects of something?
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ใ‚’่ญฐ่ซ–ใพใŸใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹็”จ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
00:58
So here are some of the expressions you can use. We can say "advantages" and "disadvantages".
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ใใ“ใงใ€ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹่กจ็พใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้•ทๆ‰€ใ€ใจใ€Œ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:06
That's used very often, and many people do know that. You're familiar with that. But
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
01:11
I'm going to show you some other words you can use in exactly the same way.
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ใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:16
You can also say "pros" and "cons". So "pros" means the positive aspects, and "cons" means
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ใ€Œ้•ทๆ‰€ใ€ใจใ€Œ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ้•ทๆ‰€ใ€ ใฏ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใชๅด้ขใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€
01:24
the negative aspects. Okay? Of any topic or problem or policy or issue that you're discussing.
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ใฏๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๅด้ขใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใ€ใƒใƒชใ‚ทใƒผใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ•้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆใ€‚
01:33
We can also use the term "benefits" and "drawbacks". Okay? Again, "benefits" are the positive;
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ใ€Œๅˆฉ็‚นใ€ใจใ€Œๆฌ ็‚นใ€ใจใ„ใ†็”จ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใฏใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:41
"drawbacks" are the negative. You can use the term "positive" and "negative" aspects.
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ใ€Œๆฌ ็‚นใ€ใฏใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€Œใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ€ใชๅด้ขใจใ„ใ†็”จ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:52
Positive aspects of an issue, the negative aspects of a decision, let's say. Okay?
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ๅ•้กŒใฎ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใชๅด้ขใ€ๆฑบๅฎšใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช ๅด้ขใ€ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:58
You could also say the "plus points" and the "minus points". It means exactly the same
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ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€ใจ ใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
02:05
thing. Basically, everything on this side means the positive side. All the expressions
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ“ใกใ‚‰ๅด ใฏใ™ในใฆใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น้ขใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:11
or words on that side mean the negative side. Okay?
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ใใฎ่พบใฎ่กจ็พใ‚„่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น้ขใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:15
You can also say the "pluses" and "minuses". Okay? Or you could say the "upside" of the
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ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใ€ใจใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใ€ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใฎใ€Œๅˆฉ็‚นใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๆฌ ็‚นใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
02:25
issue or the "downside". Okay? Let's see how we can use these in some sentences.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:33
So, you could say, for example, "What are the advantages and disadvantages of this new
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ ใ“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใฏไฝ•
02:40
law?" "Let's discuss the pros and cons of the marketing campaign." "Let's list the
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ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒšใƒผใƒณใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ
02:50
benefits and drawbacks of the proposed policy." "The article discusses the positive and negative
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ๆๆกˆใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใฎๅˆฉ็‚นใจๆฌ ็‚นใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹
03:00
aspects of the recent political changes." Next one, "Let's compare the plus points
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ใฏใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎๆ”ฟๆฒป็š„ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฎใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น้ขใจใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น้ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ซ–ใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๆฌกใฏใ€Œๆ–ฐ็™บๅฃฒๅ•†ๅ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น็‚นใจใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น็‚นใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†
03:08
and the minus points of the newly released product." "This essay contrasts the pluses
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ใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฏใ€
03:18
and minuses of private school education." The last one, "There's always an upside and
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็ง็ซ‹ๅญฆๆ กๆ•™่‚ฒใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ‚’ๅฏพๆฏ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œ
03:27
downside to every decision or change in life." Okay?
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๆฑบๅฎš ใ‚„ไบบ็”Ÿใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใซใฏใ€ๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„้ขใจๆ‚ชใ„้ขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:33
So now you see how to use these terms and expressions when you're discussing various
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ใจใใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็”จ่ชžใจ่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:41
types of questions. You could be discussing an issue, you could be writing an essay, you
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ใ€‚ ๅ•้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„
03:47
could be having a debate, and these expressions will come in very, very handy.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€่จŽ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ่กจ็พใฏ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™ใ€‚
03:52
Now, the only one point I would like to make is that this is the only one, pros and cons,
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆ ใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใง
03:59
which you have to use together. In other words, you have to say something like, "Let's discuss
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ€Œใ“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒใƒชใ‚ทใƒผใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:05
the pros and cons of this new policy." You cannot say, really, we don't use it this way,
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ใ€‚
04:13
"Let's discuss the pros of this policy" or "Let's discuss the cons of this policy." We
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎใƒใƒชใ‚ทใƒผใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ— ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ“ใฎใƒใƒชใ‚ทใƒผใฎ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใชใฉใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:20
don't usually use it like that at all. But with all of the other expressions, you can
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้€šๅธธใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใพใฃใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ— ใ€ไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๅผใงใฏใ€
04:25
use them either together or separately. So you could say, "Let's discuss the benefits
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ๅ€‹ๅˆฅใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใฎๅค‰ๆ›ดใฎๅˆฉ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
04:32
of this change." "Let's discuss the drawbacks." "Let's discuss the plus points." "Let's talk
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฌ ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใฎ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
04:39
about the minus points." Okay? So the rest of them, you could use either together or
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฎ‹ใ‚Š ใฏไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅ€‹ๅˆฅใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝฟ็”จใงใ
04:46
separately, but not this one. Okay?
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ
04:49
So if you'd like to do a quiz on this or many other aspects of English, please go to our
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใพใŸใฏไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎๅด้ขใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
04:56
website, www.engvid.com. Thanks for watching, and good luck with your English. Bye for now.
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ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใง้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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