EASY Grammar Rules For PREPOSITIONS | Common English Grammar Mistakes

268,408 views ใƒป 2023-06-21

Learn English with Harry


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi there, this is Harry and welcome back to advanced English lessons with Harry where
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:04
I try to help you to get a better understanding of the English language. This particular lesson
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. ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ˆ˜์—…์€
00:10
is all about prepositions. And a lot of you have written to me and contacted me asking
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด
00:15
me if I can do a particular lesson on prepositions. Well, here it is, we're not going to cover
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€์™€ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”,
00:21
all of the prepositions just really impossible, because there are hundreds of them. But I'm
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •๋ง ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š”
00:25
going to cover the key ones where you have difficulties and when I'm giving lessons,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ
00:31
the students that I have indicate, and it's very obvious that they have some problems
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:37
with those particular prepositions. So I'll go through the key ones or give you examples
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:42
where they are. And as always, you know the drill by now, if you want any additional information,
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด,
00:48
any additional prepositions covered in future lessons, well then just write to me at www.englishlessonviaskype.com,
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ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด www.englishlessonviaskype.com์œผ๋กœ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด
00:52
and I'll happily include them in a future lesson for you.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ.
00:59
Okay, so as I said, this is an advanced English lesson and we're looking in particular at
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ
01:04
prepositions. Now, the first part of this might be a little easy for you, those of you
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ง„๋ณด๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์‰ฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜
01:10
who are considered to be advanced, but perhaps there's no harm to go through it anyway. So
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
that you can get a little bit of a warm up and a little bit of a revision on it and for
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์›Œ๋ฐ์—… ๊ณผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ •์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:20
any of you who are intermediate or below or this is exactly the sort of introduction that
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์ค‘๊ธ‰ ์ดํ•˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์†Œ๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:25
you want to prepositions. Now, prepositions are often just very small, short words like
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. ์ด์ œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข…
01:33
in, at, on, by, for, etc. But they cause lots and lots of problems. When do I use them?
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in, at, on, by, for ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘๊ณ  ์งง์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:40
When do I not when do I use in on or act? So hopefully, this will give you some help
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on์ด๋‚˜ act๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
01:46
some indication and guidance as to when and how to use and correctly. Okay, so we're going
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์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‘œ์‹œ์™€ ์ง€์นจ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
to start off with some light touch. Okay, so the first three prepositions, we're going
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๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ํ„ฐ์น˜๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š”
01:56
to look at are at, on and in. At, on and in. And, here we're going to start with prepositions
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at, on, in์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. At, on, in. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
about time because it's really, really important if we're talking about days in the week, months
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์š”์ผ, ์—ฐ๋„์˜ ๋‹ฌ,
02:12
in the year, years in the decade, dates, whatever it might be, then prepositions are used all
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10๋…„์˜ ์—ฐ๋„, ๋‚ ์งœ ๋“ฑ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๊ฐ„์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
02:19
the time.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
So prepositions of time, the first preposition AT, we use at before exact times, I'll meet
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ AT๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ž์— at๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:29
you at six o'clock, and meet you at four o'clock. The train arrives at two o'clock, so it's
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. ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋Š” 2์‹œ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
02:36
all about exact times. So we can use about exact times, special holiday periods, or even
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์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ํœด๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด
02:45
night and the weekend. Okay, so let me give you a few examples. The show starts at four
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๋ฐค๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‡ผ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ 4์‹œ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:52
o'clock, exact time. I usually visit my family at Christmas. Now it's at Christmas time.
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์— ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
So later on, we'll give you a little bit of a different approach. And we're talking about
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๋‚ ์งœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
03:03
the actual day, but at Christmas time, I usually visit my family at Christmas time or indeed
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ €๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
03:10
at Easter time or at Easter. You shouldn't leave your TV on at night. It's dangerous.
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๋ถ€ํ™œ์ ˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€ํ™œ์ ˆ์— ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐค์— TV๋ฅผ ์ผœ๋‘์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ์œ„ํ—˜ ํ•ด.
03:18
You shouldn't leave your TV on at night. What are you going to do at the weekend? What are
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๋ฐค์— TV๋ฅผ ์ผœ๋‘์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋ญ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”?
03:25
you going to do at the weekend? Now, sometimes in American English, they say, What are you
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์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋ญ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”? ์ž, ๊ฐ€๋” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
going to do on the weekend? So you can hear both depending on where they're British English
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์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด
03:35
or American English. Usually we use at what are you going to do at the weekend or indeed
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์ธ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์ธ์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋˜๋Š”
03:42
would later on over the weekend. But that means from the beginning say late on a Friday,
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ฃผ๋ง์— ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€,
03:47
right through to Monday morning, over the weekend. But to avoid confusion we will stick
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์›”์š”์ผ ์•„์นจ๊นŒ์ง€, ์ฃผ๋ง ๋™์•ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:52
to at the weekend. So when we're talking about prepositions of time with the preposition
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์ฃผ๋ง์— ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ AT์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
03:59
AT, we use AT before the exact times. We use AT when we're talking about special holiday
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์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ž์— AT๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ ํœด๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ AT๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:06
periods. And we talk about... we use AT when we talk about night and the weekend. Okay,
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐค๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ AT๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
04:12
so just give you those examples. Once more. The show starts at four o'clock. I usually
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋”. ์‡ผ๋Š” 4์‹œ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต
04:18
visit my family at Christmas, at Easter. You shouldn't leave your TV on at night. What
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค๋‚˜ ๋ถ€ํ™œ์ ˆ์— ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐค์— TV๋ฅผ ์ผœ๋‘์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
are you going to do at the weekend? Okay.
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์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋ญ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”? ์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:31
Now, let's look at the preposition ON. Again, we're still talking about prepositions of
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์ด์ œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ON์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:37
time remember, okay, so here we're talking about the preposition ON and we use on before
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. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ON์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:45
particular days, or dates. And when we refer to part of a particular day as well, so days
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ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ๋‚˜ ๋‚ ์งœ ์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋‚ ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„
04:53
and dates and parts of particular day. So again, let me give you some examples. Sarah's
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋‚ ์˜ ์š”์ผ, ๋‚ ์งœ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ผ์˜
05:00
birthday is on the 15th of April, on the 15th of April. I'll see you, I'll meet you on Saturday.
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์ƒ์ผ์€ 4์›” 15์ผ, 4์›” 15์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํ† ์š”์ผ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
I have Chinese lessons on Tuesday mornings. The family always comes over on Christmas
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ํ™”์š”์ผ ์•„์นจ์— ์ค‘๊ตญ์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‚ ์— ์˜จ๋‹ค
05:18
Day. Now, remember when we used at Christmas we were talking about at Christmas time here,
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. ์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:24
we're talking about the particular day, the 25th of December, whether it's a Monday or
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ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ, 12์›” 25์ผ, ์›”์š”์ผ์ด๋“ 
05:29
Tuesday, whatever, it's on Christmas Day, the family always comes over to me on Christmas
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ํ™”์š”์ผ์ด๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‚ ์ด๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์ฐพ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‚  ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ
05:35
Day. Okay. So on when we're talking about preposition of time, we use on before days
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์š”์ผ๊ณผ ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ ์ด์ „์— on์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:42
and specific dates. And when we're using referring to particular parts of the day, so it can
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ค‘ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ
05:49
be you're on Saturday morning, on Wednesday evening and Friday afternoon. It doesn't matter
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ํ† ์š”์ผ ์•„์นจ, ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ์ €๋…, ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
what part of the day we're still using that preposition ON. So Sarah's birthday is on
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ON์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์˜ ์ƒ์ผ์€
06:00
the 15th of April. I'll see you on Saturday. I have Chinese or Spanish lessons on Tuesday
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4์›” 15์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ† ์š”์ผ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ํ™”์š”์ผ ์•„์นจ์— ์ค‘๊ตญ์–ด๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:08
mornings, and the family always comes over to me on Christmas Day. Okay.
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, ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์€ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‚ ์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
06:14
So then if we look again, prepositions of time talking about the preposition in, and
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ in์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
06:20
when we use in, we're talking about longer periods. Okay, so this could be weeks, months,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ in์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋” ๊ธด ๋งˆ์นจํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ, ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ, ๋ช‡
06:27
years, decades, centuries, it doesn't matter. Once we get beyond days any longer period.
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๋…„, ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„, ๋ช‡ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋ฉด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
We're using the preposition in. Okay, Julius Caesar, that's a long way back. Julius Caesar
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ in์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, Julius Caesar, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Julius Caesar๋Š”
06:40
invaded Britain in 55. BC. Okay, so that was Before Christ in 50. In the year 55 BC. My
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BC 55๋…„์— ์˜๊ตญ์„ ์นจ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ BC 50๋…„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„ ์ด์ „์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 55๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ
06:50
birthday is in July. When is your birthday? My birthday is in July. I hate having to get
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์ƒ์ผ์€ 7์›”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ์ผ์€ ์–ธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ œ ์ƒ์ผ์€ 7์›”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
06:56
up in winter. Okay, so that's a period, it's a season in winter or spring or summer, I
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๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ซ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด์•ผ, ๊ฒจ์šธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ด„์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์˜ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์ด์•ผ, ๋‚˜๋Š”
07:03
hate having to get up in winter.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ซ๋‹ค.
07:07
And we can also use in to say how soon something will happen. It would be difficult for me
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ in์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:14
to do both of those things in three days, I will need a couple of extra days. It would
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3์ผ ์•ˆ์— ๊ทธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ฉฐ์น ์ด ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
be difficult for me to do both of those things in three days. I'll call you in a week and
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ 3์ผ ์•ˆ์— ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ํ›„์— ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ
07:26
we can discuss it. I'll call you in a week and we can discuss it. The game will end in
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์˜๋…ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ํ›„์— ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ์˜๋…ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ์ž„์€ 10๋ถ„ ํ›„์— ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:32
10 minutes, the game will end in 10 minutes.
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. ๊ฒŒ์ž„์€ 10๋ถ„ ํ›„์— ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
And we can also again use in when we talk about the length of time it will take for
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ๋‹ค์‹œ in์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:41
something to to happen. For example, if you're talking about a marathon race, he can run
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š”
07:46
a marathon in under three hours, he can run a marathon in under two hours, 30 minutes
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3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 30๋ถ„์€
07:53
doesn't matter what the time is. But when we're talking about how long it's going to
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋“ ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
07:56
take, he can run a marathon in under three hours.
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๊ทธ๋Š” 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์„ ์™„์ฃผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:00
Okay, so that's at, on and in when we're talking about particular periods of time. Okay, so
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” at, on, in์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
08:10
at, on an in, I've given you the examples and make sure you go through those and practice
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
08:15
them. An easy way to practice was when we talk about birthdays. So if we talk about,
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. ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
let's see, my birthday is 5th of July, and I was born in, yes, 1956.
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์ œ ์ƒ์ผ์€ 7์›” 5์ผ์ด๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” 1956๋…„์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
So, the day, fifth, the month, July, the year 1956. So I can see I was born on the fifth
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 1956๋…„ 7์›” 5์ผ 7์›”์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
day of July, okay, in the year 1956. Okay, or if I wanted to just say I was born in July,
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7์›” 5์ผ, ์ข‹์•„์š”, 1956๋…„. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ 7์›”์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:49
so I use the preposition in July, in 1956. But I'm talking about the date that I say
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ in July, in 1956์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
on I was born on the fifth of July in the year 1956. Or if I knew the time so let's
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on ๋‚˜๋Š” 1956๋…„ 7์›” 5์ผ์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:06
say it was five minutes after midnight, and I could say I was born at 12:05 on the fifth
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์ž์ • 5๋ถ„ ํ›„๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ž. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” 1956๋…„ 7์›” 5์ผ 12์‹œ 5๋ถ„์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
of July in 1956. And there you get all of them at, in and on. So you can practice that
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ 
09:20
with yourself and with your family. Just to make sure you get it accurate. When do you
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์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. at์€ ์–ธ์ œ
09:24
use at, when do you use in, and when do you use on?
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, in์€ ์–ธ์ œ, on์€ ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:28
Okay, so let's move on now to prepositions of place. So we've done prepositions of time.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
Now we're looking at prepositions of place. So when we use at, we use AT to refer to a
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ at์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด AT๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
position as a point, okay? For example... Example, there's someone at the door. So that's
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด... ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋ฌธ ์•ž์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
09:48
the point where they are and that's the position is the door so there's someone at the door.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
So it's not someone on the door or in the door. It's someone at the door, there is someone
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌธ ์•ž์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฌธ ์•ž์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:01
at the door. Jack is at home. Okay, where is he? He's at home. Okay, so someone at the
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. ์žญ์€ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ๋‹ˆ? ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€
10:07
door, and Jack is at home. So there are examples of prepositions of place when we're using,
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๋ฌธ ์•ž์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์žญ์€ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
10:14
at and as referring to a position as a point that particular place at home or at the door.
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์ง‘์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ• 
10:22
Now, just be very careful here we don't use the article "the" after the preposition when
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๋•Œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ "the"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
10:29
we're talking about home. So it's at home, school - at school, work - at work, university
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง‘, ํ•™๊ต - ํ•™๊ต, ์ง์žฅ - ์ง์žฅ, ๋Œ€ํ•™
10:37
- at university, college - at college. So it's not at the university, at the home, at
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- ๋Œ€ํ•™, ๋Œ€ํ•™ - ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™, ์ง‘,
10:43
the work. It's always at home, school, work, university and college.
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์ง์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง‘, ํ•™๊ต, ์ง์žฅ, ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
Okay, and if you watch my video that I've previously recorded in relation to the use
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธ€ ํ™œ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์ „์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋…นํ™”ํ•œ ์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
10:57
of articles, and it'll give you some help, so watch the video about articles that I've
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๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์‹ค ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ๊ธ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณ 
11:02
and I give you the link here in the in the top corner, okay, and that will give you some
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋‹จ ๋ชจ์„œ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•™๊ต ๊ณต๋ถ€ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ
11:06
more information about the use of articles when we're referring to places like schoolwork,
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๊ด€์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
etc. Okay, so that's the preposition of place using at.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด at์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:16
Now again, sticking with the preposition of place, let's talk about ON. And we use ON
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ON์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
11:22
to refer to a position in relation to a surface or a line. So that's a little bit formal.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด๋‚˜ ์„ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ON์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
11:28
So let me give you a couple of examples what that means. Okay, so we live on a very busy
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์œ ๊ธธ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:35
road. So that's about line. We live on a very busy road, not at a very busy road, on a very
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ผ์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์œ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋งค์šฐ
11:41
busy road. The book is on the table. So that's a surface that book is on the table. Many
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๋ฐ”์œ ๋„๋กœ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฑ…์€ ํƒ์ž ์œ„์—์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฑ…์ด ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€
11:49
people hang a wreath on the door at Christmas. Yeah, so that's again about surface they hang
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์— ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”ํ™˜์„ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
11:57
a wreath on the door at Christmas. The book is on the table, and we live on a very busy
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์— ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”ํ™˜์„ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฑ…์€ ํƒ์ž ์œ„์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์œ ๊ธธ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:05
road. So all examples of the preposition of place using the preposition ON.
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ON์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Okay, so let's switch then to IN. Again, it's still a preposition of place, remember, so
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ IN์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:16
in, we use in to refer to a position in relation to something that could be three dimensional,
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in์€ 3์ฐจ์›์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
okay? Or when something is surrounded on all sides. For example, I live in a country. I
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์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ? ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
12:31
live in a town. I live in a city, I'm sitting in a room. I'm walking in a field. I'm having
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๋งˆ์„์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋“คํŒ์„ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
12:39
a picnic in a forest. Any place with boundaries, we can use that preposition in. So let me
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์ˆฒ์—์„œ ์†Œํ’์„ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ in์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
12:46
give you some examples of that. I had a great time in Canada. The Eiffel Tower is in Paris.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ํŽ ํƒ‘์€ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
The kids are playing in the garden. I am sleeping or sitting in my room. So all prepositions
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ •์›์—์„œ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด ๋ฐฉ์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
13:02
of place using the preposition in. Okay? And we also use prepositions when we're talking
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์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ in์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:09
about the context. So I'll just go on to those in a little while, but just make sure you
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. ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ at, at, on, in๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ
13:14
understand the preposition of time and the preposition of place at relating to, at, on
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:22
and in.
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13:23
So when we're using prepositions, we also use those when we're depending on the context.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ์˜์กดํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค.
13:30
For example, we can be in a building or at a building. So the context means what are
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์€
13:36
you doing... Let's so let's say, if I'm going to the cinema, I could say to you, I'll meet
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
you in the cinema, which means I'll be inside and you have your ticket. And I'll be sitting
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ‹ฐ์ผ“. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”
13:46
in row X Y, Z, so I'll meet you in the cinema means inside. Or I'll meet you at the cinema
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X Y, Z ์—ด์— ์•‰์„ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” I'll meet you at the cinema๋Š”
13:54
means I'll meet you, outside the cinema, perhaps in the foyer, or on the footpath at the entrance
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I'll meet you, ์˜ํ™”๊ด€ ๋ฐ–, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ˜„๊ด€ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๊ด€ ์ž…๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ณด๋„์—์„œ
14:02
of the cinema, you're going to be outside on the street. So if I say I'll meet you in
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ž๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
14:08
the cinema, it's absolutely perfect to use it but it means inside. If I say I'll meet
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์™„์ „ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
you, at the cinema, it usually means I'll be standing at the foyer waiting for you to
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์˜ํ™”๊ด€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ž๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณดํ†ต ๋กœ๋น„์—์„œ
14:19
get the tickets, or I'll meet you on the footpath out side or on the street outside the entrance
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ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ– ๋ณด๋„๋‚˜ ์ž…๊ตฌ ๋ฐ– ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
of the cinema. So that's all about context in or at.
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์˜ํ™”์˜. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
And if we're talking about addresses, just be careful how we use in, at and on when we're
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์ฃผ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ in, at ๋ฐ on์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
14:35
talking about addresses. As I said before, we all live in a town or live in a city. It's
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. ์•ž์—์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
14:42
not on a town or on a city. Or at a town or at a city we all live in a town or in a city
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๋งˆ์„์ด๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์„์ด๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ๋งˆ์„์ด๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ 
14:49
and we're talking about a particular address, then he lives at that. He lives at number
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
14:56
24 Eglinton road, he lives at number 24 Eglinton road. Now in grammar books, you might say...
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24๋ฒˆ Eglinton ๋„๋กœ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” 24๋ฒˆ Eglinton ๋„๋กœ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑ…์—์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
15:05
see, sorry you might see reference to he lives in Eglinton road where they don't give you
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” Eglinton ๋„๋กœ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์–ธ๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:11
a particular number. I personally say he lives on Eglinton road. So you can use in or on
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ Eglinton ๋„๋กœ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ in ๋˜๋Š” on์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜๋Š”
15:19
grammar books usually referred to in and I will use on so you have a choice but he lives
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑ…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ €๋Š” on์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
15:25
at number 24 Eglinton road, he lives in Eglinton road according to the grammar books or on
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๊ทธ๋Š” 24๋ฒˆ Eglinton ๋„๋กœ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
Eglinton road and they're both fine. Or if he's in an apartment, then he lives on the
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„. ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š”
15:38
second floor or on the third floor. So you can use a particular context there as exactly
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2์ธต์ด๋‚˜ 3์ธต์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํŠน์ • ์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:46
where his apartment is located. So if the apartment block or the house is number 24
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ๋ธ”๋ก์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘์ด
15:53
Eglinton road, he lives at 24 Eglinton road, on the second floor, okay.
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Eglinton ๋„๋กœ 24๋ฒˆ์ง€๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” 24 Eglinton ๋„๋กœ 2์ธต์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
Now, a lot of prepositions are often confused. So I'm going to go through these with you
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์ž, ๋งŽ์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข…์ข… ํ˜ผ๋™๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘
16:07
some of these are a little bit more advanced, but there's no harm in knowing them and learning
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:11
them because you'll come across them. And you'll you'll often get confused. And I know
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ข…์ข… ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
16:15
from the students that I've worked with, they do cause confusion. So I'll go through them
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:20
slowly. And you might need to go through these ones a couple of times just to make sure you
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฑฐ์ณ์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:25
understand them. Okay, so I'm going to give you some comparisons of prepositions that
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:29
do cause confusion. That one that often causes confusion is over and across. So we'll compare
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. ์ข…์ข… ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
16:37
the two over and across. We use over to mean on to the other side of something high. For
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ over๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
example, a wall. He climbed over the wall. So he doesn't climb across the wall, he climbs
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
16:52
over the wall. So if you're using something high, like a wall, or a fence, he climbs over
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๋ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
17:00
that particular wall or fence. For example, the prisoner escaped by climbing over the
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ํŠน์ • ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ฃ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์–ด ํƒˆ์ถœํ–ˆ๊ณ 
17:06
wall, the prisoner escaped by climbing over the fence. And we use across when we're talking
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, ์ฃ„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด ํƒˆ์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
17:13
about something we think of as reasonably flat, not so high or a flat surface, or an
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
17:19
area like the sea or a particular country. I saw her across the room at a party. I saw
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐฉ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
17:27
her across the room at a party. The show was broadcast across Europe, the show was broadcast
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐฉ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์‡ผ๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ „์—ญ์— ๋ฐฉ์†ก๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์‡ผ๋Š”
17:36
across Europe.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ „์—ญ์— ๋ฐฉ์†ก๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:37
Now, when I mentioned bridge here, you can use both across and over. He went across the
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ๊ณผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
17:44
bridge or he drove across the bridge. He ran across the bridge, or he ran over the bridge.
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๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ ๋›ฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋›ฐ์–ด ๋„˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:51
The bus goes over the bridge to get to the other side of the city because reasonably
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๋ฒ„์Šค๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ
17:56
flat and therefore you can use over or across. But if we're talking something very, very
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ํ‰ํ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ
18:02
high wall or a fence then it's always to climb over that particular thing. Okay?
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๋†’์€ ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ด์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
18:09
Okay, so some other prepositions where we get confusion and these ones now these always
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ๋™์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ํ•ญ์ƒ
18:14
cause confusion. So again, go over them a couple of times if you don't understand them,
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
18:19
or you need more examples, then just come back and and ask me so we're talking now about
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๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด์ œ
18:24
above and below or over and under, above or below, over and under. So we use above or
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์œ„์™€ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์œ„์™€ ์•„๋ž˜, ์œ„์™€ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ์œ„์™€ ์•„๋ž˜. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
18:34
below when one thing is not directly over or under another okay. So for example, there
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„๋‚˜ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ์œ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
18:42
are many cities that are located below sea level. So when you look at the map of the
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์—
18:48
world, there are many cities that are located below sea level, they're not under sea level,
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์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:55
because then they would be underwater, but they are below sea level. So they have to
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
18:59
have special bridges or blockades built on the seashore to prevent the water coming into
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๋ฌผ์ด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๋ด‰์‡„๋ฌผ์„ ์„ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:05
the city okay. So, there are many cities that are located below sea level. He saw a man
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
19:12
below whom he did not recognise. So if he was looking down from on a wall or a high
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋†’์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
19:19
building, he saw a man below whom he did not recognise is not he saw a man under because
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, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:27
then that means he's under something Yeah, okay. So he saw a man below whom he did not
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค
19:32
recognise. So, using above and below when one thing is not directly over or under another
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ์œ„์™€ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:41
thing, okay.
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.
19:42
Now I do have a separate lesson to explain below, beneath and underneath. So if you click
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์ด์ œ ์•„๋ž˜, ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ฐ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด
19:48
up here, you will get the link to that particular lesson.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฐ•์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:52
Okay, let's go back then to over over and under. We use it when one thing covers or
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜ค๋ฒ„ ์•ค ์–ธ๋”๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค . ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฎ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
19:58
is covered by another. So over and under, we use it when one thing is covered or covers
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฎ์ผ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ over and under๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฎ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฎ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:05
by another. The cat was hiding under the bed. He wasn't below the bed, okay, he's under
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. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ‘์— ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์นจ๋Œ€ ์•„๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์นจ๋Œ€ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:13
the bed. The cat was hiding under the bed.
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. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ‘์— ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
Another preposition that gets confused are during and throughout. During and throughout.
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋„์ค‘๊ณผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์ค‘ ๋ฐ ๋‚ด๋‚ด.
20:25
We use during to mean sometime within a bigger period of time. Okay, so it could be during
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ํฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์˜ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด during์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋„ค,
20:33
your summer holidays. You met your friends, or you went on a cruise, or you went on a
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์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ ๋žŒ์„ ์„ ํƒ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
20:39
holiday, or you went to an English course during your summer holidays. Okay, so it wasn't
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ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„,
20:45
for the whole period, it was for part of that period, during your summer holidays. We moved
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์ „์ฒด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€, ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ํœด๊ฐ€ ๋™์•ˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:51
house during our winter break, we moved house during a winter break,. Not over the whole
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๊ฒจ์šธ๋ฐฉํ•™๋•Œ ์ง‘ ์ด์‚ฌ, ๊ฒจ์šธ๋ฐฉํ•™๋•Œ ์ง‘ ์ด์‚ฌ,.
20:57
winter break, but just for a few days or a week, during a winter break. Or a lot of people
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๊ฒจ์šธ๋ฐฉํ•™ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฒจ์šธ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฉฐ์น ์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ๋งŒ . ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
21:03
go skiing during that winter break. They don't go for the whole of the winter break, but
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๊ทธ ๊ฒจ์šธ ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์Šคํ‚ค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒจ์šธ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
21:08
they go during the winter break for a few days of five or six days. And if we want to
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๊ฒจ์šธ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ 5~6์ผ ๋ฉฐ์น ์”ฉ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
21:14
use throughout or all through, so this means that we're talking about something that is
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์ „์ฒด ๋˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
21:21
continuous, so it lasts for the full period of time. So for example, it rained throughout
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์ „์ฒด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฐค์ƒˆ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:27
the night. It rained all through the night and means continuously without stopping. Now,
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. ๋ฐค์ƒˆ๋„๋ก ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€
21:34
I could say it rained during the night, but it means not for the whole period of the nighttime,
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๋ฐค์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐค ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:41
but it rained during the night because when I got up in the morning, and I looked at the
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๋ฐค์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜
21:44
window, there were some puddles on the ground. So that indicated that it had rained during
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์ฐฝ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋ฌผ์›…๋ฉ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋•…. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐค ๋™์•ˆ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:49
the night. But if I got up and the rain is lashing down from the heavens, and your partner
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€
21:55
says to you, yeah, it was raining throughout the night, all through the night, because
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ, ๋ฐค์ƒˆ๋„๋ก ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด
22:00
it woke me up lashing against the window. So this would indicate that it was continuous.
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๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฐ์†์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
So we're talking about during, and throughout. Be very careful during is for part of the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„์ค‘์—, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๋‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
22:12
period. And throughout usually means continuous for the whole time.
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์†๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:16
Okay, other prepositions that get confused until and by. They are not so difficult, but
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์ข‹์•„, ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ . ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
22:22
they do get confused. So when we want to use until, we talk about activities that continue
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ until์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
22:30
up to a period of time or up to a particular time. Many people are living with their parents
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์ผ์ • ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
22:36
until they are in their 20s. So they used to go to college, and then they used to move
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20๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณค ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
22:41
out, but because of economic situations, now we find that many people are living at home
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์—ฌ๊ฑด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 20๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค
22:47
with their parents until their late 20s. Okay, so it's not throughout the period, but until
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. ์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
22:54
the late 20s. And we use by to talk about activities that happen before a particular
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20๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๊นŒ์ง€์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ „์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ by๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:01
time. I'll be definitely home by nine o'clock. So you could say I'd be working until eight
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 9์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ง‘์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ 8์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
23:10
o'clock, but I will definitely be home by nine o'clock. Okay, so I'll be working until
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, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 9์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ง‘์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ 8์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:16
eight. So up to that time, but I'd be definitely home by nine o'clock. Okay, so we use by to
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช… 9์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ง‘์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
23:23
talk about activities that happened before or at a particular time.
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์ด์ „์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด by๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:28
And then one more if we use the word except and besides. Except and besides. And usually
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  except์™€ besides๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
23:36
when we use except, we're talking about except for something. Okay, so we use except for
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except๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
23:43
when something is not included. It's excluded. It's not included. This store is open every
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ์™ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ๋Š”
23:51
day, except for Sunday. This store is open every day, except for Sunday. Everyone except
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์ผ์š”์ผ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ผ์š”์ผ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
23:59
the father had gone to bed around 11:30. Every morning.... Everyone except the father or
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11์‹œ 30๋ถ„์ฏค ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ.... ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
24:04
the mother had gone to bed around 11:30. And then we use besides when talking about something
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11์‹œ 30๋ถ„๊ฒฝ์— ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ besides๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:12
in addition to besides in addition to. Besides being a writer, he was also a painter. Besides
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. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘๊ฐ€์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ™”๊ฐ€์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
being a teacher, he was also a PE instructor. Okay, Claire wasn't free on the night of the
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฒด์œก ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ํด๋ ˆ์–ด๋Š” ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋˜ ๋‚  ๋ฐค์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์—ˆ์–ด
24:26
party. Besides, she wasn't even invited. Okay, so she wasn't free or available on the night
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. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฐ›์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚  ๋ฐค์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:33
of the party. Well, besides, she wasn't even invited. So even if she was free, she wouldn't
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. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฐ›์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž์œ ๋กœ์›Œ๋„
24:38
have gone okay. So, except or besides.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ œ์™ธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€.
24:42
So they're all prepositions that we can get confused with. So except, besides, untill
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€,๊นŒ์ง€,
24:48
or by, during throughout, all through, and then over and under, above and below. Just
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๋„์ค‘, ๋‚ด๋‚ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ์œ„์™€ ์•„๋ž˜, ์œ„์™€ ์•„๋ž˜.
24:59
to make sure you understand when we use them. And of course, and the very first part of
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก ,
25:05
this when we used in, at, on.
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in, at, on์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:08
So what I'll do is I'll do another lesson for you a little later with some other prepositions
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:13
that will give you some information about other prepositions that we can use in the
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25:17
exact same way. So try to practice try to put some sentences similar to the examples
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ
25:24
that I've given you put them into your own words, practice those and then practice them
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ ,
25:28
when you're speaking to your friends or your colleagues. And if you still have problems,
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
25:33
as I gave you the address at the beginning, write to me and I'll give you some further
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:36
examples then.
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.
25:37
And if you do like this particular lesson, and please like the video, and if you can
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋™์˜์ƒ๋„ ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
25:43
subscribe to the channel because it really really does help.
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์ •๋ง ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:46
Okay, so this is Harry, thank you for watching. Thank you for listening. And as always, make
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๋„ค, ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด
25:50
sure you join me for the next lesson.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
25:51
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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