English vocabulary lesson B2 - Describing relationships in English

68,769 views ใƒป 2022-05-11

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:06
Hi there, welcome back to advanced  English classes with Harry. That's me,  
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใƒใƒชใƒผใฎไธŠ็ดš่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใงใ™ใ€
00:10
Harry. So we're here to help you to improve and  advance your English in the best way possible.  
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ใƒใƒชใƒผใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝใช้™ใ‚Šๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใง่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ€ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:16
To understand the grammar rules, to understand  vocabulary, how to use it. Expressions,  
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•่ฆๅ‰‡ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใ€ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚ ่กจ็พใ€
00:22
phrasal verbs, whatever it is, and  whatever it takes, we're here to help.
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€็งใŸใกใฏใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:25
Okay, and remember to subscribe to my  channel, if you like this particular video,  
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ‹•็”ปใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€[
00:30
then just click on the like button,  and all support would be really  
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ใ„ใ„ใญ] ใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
00:34
gratefully accepted. And I would be very  grateful and thankful if you can do that.
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ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใฆๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ— ใใ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:38
So what are we going to talk to you about  today in the class? Well, in today's class,  
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ใงใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงใฏไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ ? ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงใฏใ€
00:42
we're going to look at adjectives, and we're  going to look at adjectives to describe  
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’ ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
00:46
relationships. We're all involved in relationships  somehow in some part of our lives. Either  
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ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใซ้–ขใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:51
in the past or in the present, and hopefully,  for those of you are not, in the future. So  
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้ŽๅŽปใพใŸใฏ็พๅœจใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใงใ€้ก˜ใ‚ใใฐใ€ใใ†ใงใฏ ใชใ„ๆ–นใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
00:55
relationships are a really, really important  part of our lives. So I'm going to give you some  
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ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใฏ ็งใŸใกใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไธญใง้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€่‰ฏใ„้ขใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„้ขใ‚‚ๅซใ‚ใฆใ€ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅด้ขใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹
01:01
insight into the adjectives that we use to  describe different aspects of our relationships,  
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ใŸใ‚ใซ็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆดžๅฏŸใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™
01:06
both good and bad. Okay, if you have any questions  relating to this, you can always come back to me  
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใ”่ณชๅ•ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ ใ€ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚
01:11
through email, I'll give you the contact  details at the end of this particular class.  
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ใƒกใƒผใƒซใงใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซ้€ฃ็ตกๅ…ˆใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใ‚’ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:16
And if you have any other issues, well, as  always, send me an email or send me an email,  
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ใพใŸใ€ไป–ใซใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ€็งใซใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’้€ไฟกใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไปŠๅพŒใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
01:21
I'd be very, very happy to include them in  future lessons. So let's go that we've got  
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ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’
01:26
14 individual adjectives describing  relationships. So I list them down one by one,  
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่กจใ™ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒ 14 ๅ€‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ 1 ใคใšใคใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใ€
01:32
and then I'll go through them and give you an  example as to what they mean and how to use them.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้ †ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใจไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:38
Supportive, distant, tight-knit, caring,  close, tense, dysfunctional, dysfunctional,  
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ๅ”ๅŠ›็š„ใ€้ ่ท้›ขใ€็ทŠๅฏ†ใ€ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ€็ทŠๅฏ†ใ€็ทŠๅผตใ€ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ ไธๅ…จใ€ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใ€ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€็ฉบใฃใฝใ€ๅฝ็‰ฉ
02:00
insincere, hollow, fake, dishonest, weak, stable,  and finally solid. Okay, let's go through them.
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ใ€ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€ๅผฑใ„ใ€ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ€ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซๅ …ๅฎŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:14
And remember these are adjectives.  And they used to describe  
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็Šถๆณใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ
02:18
situations, they're usually used to describe  noun. So lots of these situations were describing  
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ใ€้€šๅธธใฏๅ่ฉžใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็Šถๆณใฎๅคšใใฏใ€ใใฎ
02:24
the person or the actual relationship itself.
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ไบบ็‰ฉใพใŸใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:28
So we'll start with number one supportive. So this  will be used to describe a person, if a person is  
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ใงใฏใ€ไธ€็•ชใฎๆ”ฏๆŒ่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ไบบใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ไบบใŒ
02:33
supportive, then they're going to help. So giving  support is all about giving help. So supportive,  
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ๆ”ฏๆด็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ๆ”ฏๆดใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:40
when we have a problem. Supportive when we need  to have a discussion about our work that we're  
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ๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸใจใใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ”ๅŠ›็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒๆบ€่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„็งใŸใกใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ”ๅŠ›็š„ใงใ™
02:47
not happy with. Supportive when we had an argument  with our parents or siblings or our children. So  
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ใ€‚ ไธก่ฆชใ€ๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใพใŸใฏๅญไพ›ใจๅฃ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใจใใฎๆ”ฏๆดใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
02:54
in a relationship, somebody who's supportive  is really, really important to be there,  
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ๆ‹ๆ„›้–ขไฟ‚ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€ๆ”ฏใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใฏ ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใง้ฉๅˆ‡ใช็žฌ้–“ใซ ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™
02:59
at the right time, the right moment.  Supportive to give help, or lend support.
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ใ€‚ ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ”ฏๆดใ‚’่ฒธใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:06
Second, distant. This will be quite a negative  adjective to use. So we're referring to somebody  
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็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€้ ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใจ
03:12
as distant, that means they're not connecting  with us, or they're cutting themselves off  
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ใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ ใ€
03:18
from communication with others, or  that they seem to be preoccupied.
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ไป–ใฎไบบใจใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š้›ขใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ ๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:23
So when you're trying to talk to somebody who  is distant, they literally could be in another  
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ ใใซใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใจ่ฉฑใใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใใฎไบบใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šๅˆฅใฎ
03:28
location, they could be sitting in front  of you, but their mind is somewhere else,  
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ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‰ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅฟƒใฏๅˆฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
03:33
their thoughts are on something else, they're  focusing on perhaps their job or focusing on some  
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่€ƒใˆใฏๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‹ใ€
03:39
other aspects of their life, but they're cutting  you off. And therefore they look, they feel and  
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไป–ใฎๅด้ขใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š้›ขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™. ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ€ใใ—ใฆ
03:46
they... and you can sense that they are distant,  they're not really there. They're in the same room  
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...ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ้ ใใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ 2 ไบบใฏๅŒใ˜้ƒจๅฑ‹ใซใ„ใพใ™
03:52
but they could be 100 kilometres away because  they don't really communicate, don't connect.
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ใŒใ€100 ใ‚ญใƒญ้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใจใ‚‰ใšใ€ๆŽฅ็ถšใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
Next word is tight-knit. So, when we use  tight-knit, we often use it not only in  
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ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ็ทŠๅฏ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒˆ ใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€2 ไบบใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใจใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:06
a relationship of two people, but in relation  to family. So a family relationship we can refer  
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฎถๆ—้–ขไฟ‚ใฏ
04:11
to it as a very tight-knit family.  Tight-knit means they are really  
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้žๅธธใซ็ทŠๅฏ†ใชๅฎถๆ—ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ทŠๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใจใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
04:17
supportive of each other. They spend a  lot of time together. They are there when  
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ใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’ๆ”ฏใˆๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซ้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:22
they when each other needs something.The... the  siblings, the brothers and sisters, the parents,  
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ใŠไบ’ใ„ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ๅ…„ๅผŸๅง‰ๅฆนใ€ไธก่ฆชใฏใ€
04:28
they spend a lot of time perhaps on  holidays, weekends, dinner, a very  
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ไผ‘ๆ—ฅใ€้€ฑๆœซใ€ๅค•้ฃŸใ€้žๅธธใซ
04:34
tight-knit family. If a problem happens for one  member of the family, they're all there to lend  
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็ทŠๅฏ†ใชๅฎถๆ—ใงๅคšใใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎถๆ—ใฎ 1 ไบบใซๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ๅ…จๅ“กใŒ
04:39
a helping hand. So tight-knit, meaning really  close, bonded, really connected together. Okay.
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใฎๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅทฎใ—ไผธในใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚็ทŠๅฏ†ใงใ€้žๅธธใซ ็ทŠๅฏ†ใงใ€็ต†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:48
Caring. Well, this is a very positive adjective  to use. A caring personality. He has a very caring  
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ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ ใ€‚ ไธ–่ฉฑๅฅฝใใชๆ€งๆ ผใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใฎใ‚ใ‚‹
04:56
personality. He likes to look after people.  He's always there if his mother or father  
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ๆ€งๆ ผใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏไบบใฎไธ–่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฎๆฏ่ฆชใ‚„็ˆถ่ฆชใŒ
05:01
need him. He's very caring. She's very caring  with her elderly grandmother, she goes to visit  
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ๅฝผใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ๅนด่€ใ„ใŸ็ฅ–ๆฏใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฐ—ใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
05:08
her every weekend, she brings food, she  cleans the house. So she has a very caring  
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ๆฏŽ้€ฑๆœซใซ็ฅ–ๆฏใ‚’่จชใญใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใฆใ€ ๅฎถใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใฎใ‚ใ‚‹
05:15
approach. So, caring means to take care  of. Caring means to be kind and generous,  
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ใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€caring ใฏไธ–่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใจใฏใ€่ฆชๅˆ‡ใงๅฏ›ๅคงใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€
05:22
and genuinely look after those people who need our  support, or who need our help. So to provide love,  
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็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใŸใกใฎๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’ๅฟƒใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ–่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ„›
05:29
and affection, and support when it is needed.
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ใจๆ„›ๆƒ…ใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใชใจใใซใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:34
Close. Close relationship is a relationship,  which is tight, okay. So a relationship,  
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่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€‚ ่ฆชใ—ใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใจใฏใ€ ็ทŠๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
05:41
which is not easily broken, a relationship which  is built on trust and love. And both parties to  
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซใฏๅฃŠใ‚Œใชใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ไฟก้ ผใจๆ„›ใฎไธŠใซ็ฏ‰ใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸ้–ขไฟ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
05:48
the relationship understand each other very,  very well. We have a very close relationship.  
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ใ“ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎไธกๅฝ“ไบ‹่€…ใฏใ€ใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ฆชๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:54
Of course, in all relationships, you can have your  ups and downs, you can have your difficulties,  
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€ ๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
06:00
you can have your arguments, but overall,  if you're close, nothing is going to get  
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่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ…จไฝ“ใจใ—ใฆใ€ ่ฆชๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
06:05
in the middle. So everything is close, very  hard to break that to get in between, okay.
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ไธญ้–“ใซ่‡ณใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒๆŽฅ่ฟ‘ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ ใใฎ้–“ใซๅ‰ฒใ‚Š่พผใ‚€ใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ™ใ€‚
06:10
So when we're trying to establish a relationship,  that is that is close, we have to understand the  
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆชๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’็ฏ‰ใ“ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€
06:16
other party, we have to respect the other party  in the relationship. To understand what they want,  
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็›ธๆ‰‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ ้–ขไฟ‚ใซใŠใ„ใฆ็›ธๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅฐŠ้‡ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€
06:22
understand what their needs are. And  also hopefully that they will understand  
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ
06:26
our needs, and our wants. Okay, so close.
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็งใŸใกใฎใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใจๆฌฒๆฑ‚ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่ฟ‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:30
Yes, I can see they have a very close  relationship, they have been together,  
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ใฏใ„ใ€2 ไบบใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ฆชๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚2 ไบบใฏ
06:34
since they were teenagers, they have  been together since they were at college.  
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10 ไปฃใฎ้ ƒใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ๅคงๅญฆๆ™‚ไปฃใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€็ท’ใซ้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:39
Nothing seems to upset them. Any difficulties,  
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ‹•ๆบใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ‚“ใชๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚‚ใ€
06:42
they get through it together. So that will  be a good definition of a close relationship.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไธ€็ท’ใซไน—ใ‚Š่ถŠใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ่ฆชๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใฎ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅฎš็พฉใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
Tense. So when a relationship is tense,  not necessarily about the person,  
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ๆ™‚ๅˆถใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใŒ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ใใฎไบบใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏ
06:52
although a person can be tense, or when you feel  that all your muscles are tight, then you could  
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ใชใใ€ไบบใŒ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ™ในใฆใฎ็ญ‹่‚‰ใŒ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:58
describe yourself as tense or you're waiting for  something bad to happen, then you can be tense,  
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่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ทŠๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€็ทŠๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚
07:03
you can be on edge. But a tense relationship  is not necessarily a good relationship.  
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—็ทŠๅผตใ—ใŸ้–ขไฟ‚ใฏใ€ ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:09
A tense relationship is something that is  waiting for a bomb to explode or something  
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็ทŠ่ฟซใ—ใŸ้–ขไฟ‚ใจใฏใ€ ็ˆ†ๅผพใŒ็ˆ†็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ใฎใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
07:14
to cause problems. It's never relaxed.  It's nobody in the relationship is ever  
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ใ€‚ ๆฑบใ—ใฆใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎไธญใง
07:20
at ease. So there are always problems likely  to happen. Not now, but there could have been  
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ๅฎ‰ๅฟƒใงใใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏๅธธใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ไปŠใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€1
07:25
a week or day. Or a few weeks or a few  days ago or could happen in a couple of  
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้€ฑ้–“ใพใŸใฏ 1 ๆ—ฅใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ใพใŸใฏๆ•ฐ ๆ—ฅๅ‰ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ•ฐๆ—ฅใพใŸใฏๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ๅพŒใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
07:30
days or a couple of weeks time. So there's that  tenseness. Meaning there's some likelihood that  
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ใ€‚ ใใฎ ็ทŠๅผตๆ„ŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
07:36
something small could start a row or start  an argument. So... Now, it can be temporary.
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ไบ›็ดฐใชใ“ใจใงๅ–งๅ˜ฉใŒๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅฃ่ซ–ใซใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰...ไปŠใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:42
There's a very tense relationship  
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07:44
because he's lost his job and he's  on edge or he's a little bit nervy.
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ๅฝผใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใ€ ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—็ฅž็ตŒ่ณชใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€้žๅธธใซ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใŸ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:48
There's a tense relationship because she's not  quite sure whether she wants to get married or  
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€ๅŒใ˜ๅฎถใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆ
07:53
whether she wants to leave it for another  little while she's quite happy living and  
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ๅนธใ›ใช็”Ÿๆดปใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใŸใ„ใฎใ‹ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€็ทŠๅผตใ—ใŸ้–ขไฟ‚ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
07:57
sharing the same house. But getting married is  a big step. And she needs time to consider that.
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็ตๅฉšใฏ ๅคงใใชไธ€ๆญฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™.
08:03
So the relationship could be tense for a  little while until she makes a mind up. So  
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒๆฑบๅฟƒใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใฏใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใ็ทŠๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
08:08
tense can be permanent, not good and not  good in relationship for either party.  
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็ทŠๅผตใฏๆฐธ็ถš็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎๅฝ“ไบ‹่€…ใซใจใฃใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใงใฏใชใใ€่‰ฏใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใงใฏใชใ„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
08:14
Or can be temporary because there's some situation  that has arisen, some problem that has arisen  
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็ŠถๆณใŒ ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
08:19
that is causing this tenseness to be  present for a period of time. Tense.
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ใ“ใฎ็ทŠๅผตๆ„ŸใŒไธ€ๅฎš ๆœŸ้–“ๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ๅŽŸๅ› ใจใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ๅˆถใ€‚
08:27
Dysfunctional. We often hear the expression  a dysfunctional family. Dysfunctional means  
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใ€‚ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จๅฎถๆ—ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใจใฏใ€
08:32
it doesn't work. Okay. And a dysfunctional  family is a family that seems to have no  
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใฎ ๅฎถๆ—ใจใฏใ€
08:38
rules, no boundaries, no manners, everybody is  doing their own thing. And everybody's getting  
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่ฆๅ‰‡ใ‚‚ๅขƒ็•Œ็ทšใ‚‚ใƒžใƒŠใƒผใ‚‚ใชใใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ๅฎถๆ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ
08:44
into trouble for different reasons. Somebody's on  drugs, somebody's in trouble with the law. One or  
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็†็”ฑใงใƒˆใƒฉใƒ–ใƒซใซๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่–ฌ็‰ฉใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Š ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆณ•ๅพ‹ใงๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:51
two members of the family are not working, they're  living on benefits. All sorts of social problems.
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ๅฎถๆ—ใฎ 1 ไบบใ‹ 2 ไบบใŒๅƒใ„ใฆใŠใ‚‰ใšใ€ ็ฆๅˆฉๅŽš็”Ÿใง็”Ÿๆดปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚Šใจใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็คพไผšๅ•้กŒใ€‚
08:58
And you could put it on to a little package  and describe it as a dysfunctional family,  
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‘ใƒƒใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ธใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใฎๅฎถๆ—ใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
09:04
yeah. So everybody's doing their own thing. Nobody  looking after the other. Nobody caring for the the  
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใช่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‚‚ ้ขๅ€’ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅฎถๆ—ใฎๅ›ฃ็ตใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
09:11
unity of that particular family. So dysfunctional,  something that doesn't operate. So when we  
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ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใงใ€ ๅ‹•ไฝœใ—ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
09:18
use the word functional, it's  if it's functional, it works.  
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ็š„ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒๆฉŸ่ƒฝ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:22
This introduces this prefix, and it turns  it into negative dysfunctional family. Okay,  
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ“ใฎๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใŒๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ•ใ‚Œใ€ ่ฒ ใฎๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จๅฎถๆ—ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝ
09:28
something that just won't  or doesn't work so easily.
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ใ—ใชใ„ใ€ ใพใŸใฏๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
09:34
Insincere. Another negative adjective insincere.  And somebody is sincere, they truly believe in  
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ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžไธ่ช ๅฎŸ. ใใ—ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไฟกใ˜ใฆใŠใ‚Š
09:41
what they say, they're sincere in their thoughts.  So again using the prefix in- we turn it into a  
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ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่€ƒใˆใซ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พž in- ใ‚’ๅ†ใณไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ๅฆๅฎšๅฝขใซๅค‰ใˆใพใ™
09:48
negative. The opposite insincere. So thoughts  or comments might look on the face of it to be  
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ใ€‚ ้€†ใซไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่€ƒใˆ ใ‚„ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใฏ่กจ้ขไธŠใฏๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
09:56
friendly, but you know in reality that these are  quite insincere, there's nothing to them. Okay?  
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ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ้žๅธธใซไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:02
Oh, have a good weekend. Oh, yes, I'm really  sorry for your trouble. Oh... They're just  
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ„้€ฑๆœซใ‚’ใ€‚ ใใ†ใใ†ใ€ ใŠๆ‰‹ๆ•ฐใ‚’ใŠใ‹ใ‘ใ—ใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚...ใŸใ ใฎ
10:07
words. And somebody doesn't come across as being  sincere, and we can describe him or her as being  
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่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใฏๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใš ใ€ใใฎไบบใ‚’ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
10:14
insincere. Or the comments that they make  has been completely insincere. No love,  
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ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใฏ ๅฎŒๅ…จใซไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่ƒŒๅพŒใซใฏใ€ๆ„›ใ‚‚
10:21
no respect, no real meaning or feeling of support  behind them. So completely and utterly insincere.
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ๅฐŠๆ•ฌใ‚‚ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฎŒๅ…จใซใใ—ใฆใพใฃใŸใไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
10:32
Hollow. When something is hollow, it's empty,  the hollow tree. So when a tree falls down in  
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ไธญ็ฉบใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไธญ็ฉบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฉบใงใ™ใ€‚ ไธญ็ฉบใฎๆœจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆœจใŒ
10:38
the forest, and over the years, the  inside of the tree rots and decays,  
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ๆฃฎใฎไธญใงๅ€’ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ไฝ•ๅนดใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ ๆœจใฎๅ†…้ƒจใŒ่…ๆ•—ใ—ใ€ไธญใŒ็ฉบๆดžใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ฉบใฎ
10:44
you're left with an empty trunk of the tree which  is hollow, okay. The hollow branch where the  
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ๅนนใŒๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
10:50
owl or the bird nests for that the spring. So  that... this is a hollow branch, so it's empty.  
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ๆ˜ฅใฎใŸใ‚ใซใƒ•ใ‚ฏใƒญใ‚ฆใ‚„้ณฅใŒๅทฃใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ไธญ็ฉบใฎๆžใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š...ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธญ็ฉบใฎใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒใชใฎใงใ€็ฉบใงใ™ใ€‚
10:58
So when a relationship is hollow, it  means it's empty, there's no love,  
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใŒ็ฉบๆดžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็ฉบใฃใฝใงใ€ๆ„›ใŒใชใใ€
11:03
there's no respect, there are no feelings.  Well, of course, there may be feelings,  
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ๆ•ฌๆ„ใŒใชใใ€ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
11:07
but the feelings may not be positive, so they are  negative feelings, and you feel hollow inside.
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ใŒใ€ใใฎๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใฏใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฟƒใฎไธญใŒ็ฉบๆดžใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:12
So when we have this empty feeling within a  relationship, we feel that there's nobody loving  
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใฎไธญใงใ“ใฎ็ฉบ่™šๆ„Ÿใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใจใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚’ ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใ€ๆฐ—้ฃใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใ€ๆฐ—ใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ„ใชใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™
11:18
us or caring or bothered about us. And if there's  a problem, then we seem to be dealing with the  
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ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
11:24
problem on our own. So it is and the relationship  is completely and totally hollow or empty.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใงๅ•้กŒใซๅฏพๅ‡ฆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใฏ ๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็ฉบๆดžใพใŸใฏ็ฉบ่™šใงใ™ใ€‚
11:31
A hollow sound is an empty sound, you know, if  you stand at the mouth of a cave and you shout,  
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ไธญ็ฉบใฎ้Ÿณใฏ็ฉบใฃใฝใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆดž็ชŸใฎๅ…ฅใ‚Šๅฃใซ็ซ‹ใฃใฆๅซใถใจใ€
11:37
you get the echo or the noise, reverberates on  bounces off the walls because it is empty. Okay.  
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ใ‚จใ‚ณใƒผใพใŸใฏใƒŽใ‚คใ‚บใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ€ ๅฃใŒ็ฉบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฃใซๅ้Ÿฟใ—ใ€่ทณใญ่ฟ”ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
11:44
And that's the feeling when you have a problem  and you've got a hollow relationship, you might  
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็ฉบ่™šใช้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใงใ™ใ€‚่ชฐใ‚‚่žใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใง
11:49
as well be talking to yourself because the echo  will come back because nobody is listening.
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ใ‚จใ‚ณใƒผใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒๅฝ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹
11:56
Same way with fake the next word fake when a  relationship is fake, it means false. Okay,  
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฝ็‰ฉใฎๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฝ็‰ฉใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™. ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:02
so it's something that it really isn't, okay. So  if somebody tries to present a relationship as a  
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’่‰ฏใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใจใ—ใฆๆ็คบใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆ
12:09
good relationship, but in reality, it's not then  it's a fake relationship. If they try to present,  
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ใ‚‚ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝใ‚Šใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ
12:15
that they are a loving couple, or that they are  a couple of care or whatever that might be. But  
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ๆ„›ๆƒ…ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใƒซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏ ๆฐ—้ฃใ„ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใƒซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใฉใ‚’ๆ็คบใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
12:21
deep down both parties to the relationship,  
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้–ขไฟ‚ใฎไธกๅฝ“ไบ‹่€…ใฎๆทฑใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€
12:25
know that the relationship is  not really a true relationship,  
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ใใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใงใฏใชใใ€
12:28
then it is fake. And fake is a copy something  that is not the original, like a fake painting.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝ็‰ฉใจใฏใ€ ๅฝใฎ็ตตใชใฉใ€ใ‚ชใƒชใ‚ธใƒŠใƒซใงใฏใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
12:36
Yeah, so you copy some famous painting and  try to sell it as the original, of course,  
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๆœ‰ๅใช็ตตใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ—ใฆ ใ‚ชใƒชใ‚ธใƒŠใƒซใจใ—ใฆ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
12:41
it's not. So it is a fake. It's something that  isn't. So you, you can do all you like you can  
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
12:48
airbrush a photograph, you can do whatever  you wish to but it's not the original. So  
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ๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ใ‚จใ‚ขใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ทใงๅฅฝใใชใ‚ˆใ†ใซใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฅฝใใชใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ชใƒชใ‚ธใƒŠใƒซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
12:52
it's going to be fake. So relationships  can be fake, they can be false.
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ๅฝ็‰ฉใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใฏ ๅฝ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฝ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:58
Dishonest. When a relationship is dishonest, that  can really... relate and refer to the person. If  
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ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€‚ ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ...ใใฎไบบใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใ€่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
13:05
he or she is done... dishonest. That means  they're not being true to their word. Yeah.  
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ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰... ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซๅฟ ๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:10
So they tell you something, but then they break  their promise. They tell you something, then they  
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็ด„ๆŸใ‚’็ ดใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰
13:15
they tell somebody else something different. So  they are being dishonest. And in relationship,  
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ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใซ้•ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€
13:22
particularly between two people, if it's supposed  to be a loving relationship, then one of those  
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็‰นใซ 2 ไบบใฎไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ๆ„›ๆƒ…ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹้–ขไฟ‚ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅฎšใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
13:28
rules, those unwritten rules of the relationship  should be honesty between the two parties.
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่ฆๅ‰‡ใฎ 1 ใคใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใฎไธๆ–‡ๅพ‹่ฆๅ‰‡ใฏใ€ 2 ่€…้–“ใฎ่ช ๅฎŸใ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
13:33
If somebody's being dishonest, you're they might  say of course I love you. Or, of course, we can do  
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
13:39
that. Of course, you can do that. But in reality,  they mean something else, then they are being  
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
13:44
dishonest. And again, this is honest, the word  adding the prefix dis- and we saw before in a  
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ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พž dis- ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใซ
13:51
couple of words, we had a dysfunctional spelt  dys-. Now we have dishonest. Spell dis- prefix  
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใง่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใฎใ‚นใƒšใƒซ dys- ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
13:59
in front of honest, turns that into  the negative adjective. So dishonest.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใฎๅ‰ใซ dis- ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใ‚’็ถดใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
14:07
Weak. The relationship is weak, well, then it's  the opposite of strong. So it will collapse at  
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ๅผฑใ„ใ€‚ ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒๅผฑใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅผทใ„ใฎใจใฏ้€†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ•้กŒใฎๅ…†ๅ€™ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ™ใใซๅดฉๅฃŠใ—ใพใ™
14:13
any sign of trouble now, so if you don't have a  strong relationship, how are you going to get over  
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ใ€‚ๅผทใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€
14:18
any troubles, financial troubles, work related  troubles, just general relationship troubles,  
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็ตŒๆธˆ็š„ใชๅ•้กŒใ€ไป•ไบ‹ไธŠใฎ ๅ•้กŒใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’
14:25
you know, we all go through those issues from  time to time. But if the relationship is strong,  
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไน—ใ‚Š่ถŠใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆ ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใŒๅผทใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€
14:31
then it will withstand any of those pressures.  If the relationship is weak, then it's like a  
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ใใ†ใ—ใŸใƒ—ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใซ่€ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒๅผฑใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
14:37
wet handshake. It's not really worth anything  yet, okay. So, weak means something that cannot  
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ๆนฟใฃใŸๆกๆ‰‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใ ไฝ•ใฎไพกๅ€คใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅผฑใ„ใจใฏใ€็ทŠๅผตใ‚„ๅœงๅŠ›ใซ่€ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
14:43
stand any tension, cannot stand any pressure and  when the pressure comes, the relationship will  
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ใ€ ๅœงๅŠ›ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€
14:50
collapse or it will break  because it is fundamentally weak.
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๅผฑใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใŒๅดฉๅฃŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๅฃŠใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
14:56
Stable, a stable relationship is something that is  is flat, it is even. It's not up and down. Okay,  
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ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ—ใŸใ€ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ—ใŸ้–ขไฟ‚ใจใฏใ€ ๅนณใ‚‰ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ๅนณใ‚‰ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ไธŠไธ‹ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:04
it's a stable. Yeah, we get through life because  we have built stability around our lives,  
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ๅŽฉ่ˆŽใงใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็”Ÿๆดปใฎ ๅ‘จใ‚Šใซๅฎ‰ๅฎšๆ€งใ‚’็ฏ‰ใ„ใฆใใŸใฎใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Š้‚ใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:09
stability in relation to our working life,  stability in relation to our employment, stability  
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ไป•ไบ‹็”Ÿๆดปใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅฎ‰ๅฎšๆ€งใ€ ้›‡็”จใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅฎ‰ๅฎšๆ€งใ€
15:15
in relation to our... how we relate to our  family, and above all, stability in our personal  
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... ๅฎถๆ—ใจใฎ้–ขใ‚ใ‚Šๆ–น ใ€ใใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฎ‰ๅฎšๆ€งใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅฎ‰ๅฎšๆ€งใ‚’็ฏ‰ใ„ใฆใใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฎๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใช
15:22
relationships. So something that is rocky goes  up and down, okay. Or like this... A rocky table  
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้–ขไฟ‚ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฒฉใŒๅคšใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไธŠไธ‹ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ... ๅฒฉใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใŒ
15:29
moves from side to side. But something stable is  even, it's flat, you know exactly where you are.
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ๅทฆๅณใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏ ๅนณใ‚‰ใงใ€ๅนณใ‚‰ใงใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:36
Now, of course, in most relationships gets a  little bit boring if it's stable all the time,  
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใงใฏใ€ ๅธธใซๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅฐ‘ใ—้€€ๅฑˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
15:41
and there's no little sign of excitement. So  
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่ˆˆๅฅฎใ™ใ‚‹ๅ…†ๅ€™ใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎ
15:43
from time to time, you have to jizz and  jazz up the relationship a little bit in  
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใจใใฉใใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—็››ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ€็››ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
15:48
introduce a little bit of excitement.  That's okay, that's what people expect.  
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไบบใ€…ใŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
15:53
But it doesn't take away from the fact that there  is genuine stability in the relationship. Stable,  
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ้–ขไฟ‚ใซ็œŸใฎๅฎ‰ๅฎšๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใŒใชใใชใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:59
even, something that can survive the ups and downs  of life, and particularly in the modern life.
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ไบบ็”Ÿใฎๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใ€็‰นใซ็พไปฃใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไธญใง็”Ÿใๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
16:07
And then finally, solid, it's a bit like stable.  Solid is dependable, okay. The table is solid,  
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๅ …ๅ›บใงใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฝใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใฏ้ ผใ‚‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฏ้ ‘ไธˆใงใ€
16:13
the wall is solid. So when something is solid,  
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ๅฃใ‚‚้ ‘ไธˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
16:17
and you're built on a solid foundation, then  the relationship will withstand pressure points,  
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ใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใจใ—ใŸๅŸบ็›คใฎไธŠใซๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใฏใƒ—ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใซ่€ใˆใ€
16:23
it will be able to survive the argument, it  will be able to survive the disagreement, the  
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่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚’ ไน—ใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ็›ธ้•ใ‚„
16:29
financial crisis, whatever the crisis  that will happen from time to time.
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้‡‘่žๅฑๆฉŸใชใฉใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฑๆฉŸใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ไน—ใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใ€…่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:33
Well, that's all about relationships. And  remember, this is about adjectives relating  
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
16:37
to relationships, I'm not giving you a  relationship advice, I am the last one  
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ใ€‚็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไบบใงใ™
16:40
to do that. But it's about the English,  the adjectives you can use to describe  
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใ‚„ๅ‹ไบบใ€ๅŒๅƒšใจใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’ ่กจใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™
16:45
the relationships that you might have with  family and friends or work colleagues.
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ใ€‚
16:49
So let me give them to you one more time.  Supportive, distant, tight-knit, caring,  
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ”ๅŠ›็š„ใ€้ ่ท้›ขใ€็ทŠๅฏ†ใ€ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ€่ฆชๅฏ†ใ€็ทŠๅผตใ€ๆฉŸ่ƒฝไธๅ…จใ€ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€่™šใ‚ใ€ๅฝใ‚Šใ€
17:00
close, tense, dysfunctional, insincere,  
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17:08
hollow, fake, dishonest, weak,  stable, and finally solid. As always,
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ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€ๅผฑใ•ใ€ ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ€ใใ—ใฆๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซๅ …ๅฎŸใ€‚ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
17:17
and as I always say, if you want to contact me  in relation to anything and to make some comments  
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ใพใŸ็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ็งใซ้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚„ใ€
17:22
or some suggestions for future lessons, and you  can do so on www.englishlessonviaskype.com. I'll  
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ไปŠๅพŒใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚„ๆๆกˆใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ www.englishlessonviaskype.com ใง่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:30
read them and listen to them. Certainly include  any suggestions that are worth including. And  
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€่žใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆๆกˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐๅฟ…ใšๅซใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
17:36
as always, if you or any family member or friends  you think want to have English lessons to improve  
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ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚„ๅฎถๆ—ใ€ๅ‹ไบบใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไผš่ฉฑๅŠ›ใ‚’ ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
17:41
your conversational English, or whether it's  to prepare for an exam like IELTS or CAE,  
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ใพใŸใฏ IELTS ใ‚„ CAE ใชใฉใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
17:47
or to prepare for that very, very important  first or second stage job interview with an  
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ใพใŸใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใช ๆœ€ๅˆใพใŸใฏ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅ›ฝ้š›ไผๆฅญใจใฎๅฐฑ่ท้ขๆŽฅใ‚’่กŒใ†
17:52
international company. But you know where we are,  we got lots of teachers willing and able to help  
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ๅคšใใฎๆ•™ๅธซใŒๅ–œใ‚“ใง
17:57
you. And indeed, if you want a free trial lesson  with me that fill in the form, send it to us,  
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็„กๆ–™ใฎใƒˆใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ขใƒซ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใซ่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ—ใฆ้€ไฟกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
18:02
and I'll contact you as always, we really, really  appreciate you taking the time to subscribe to the  
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใŠ ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅ‰ฒใ„ใฆใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ€่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™
18:08
channel. We really appreciate it when you join  us and I look forward to seeing you again soon.
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ใ€‚ ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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