POLITICAL VOCABULARY ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Common Words & Phrases You Should Know

21,192 views ใƒป 2024-08-08

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
This is a nonpartisan lesson to help you learnย  political words and phrases that you need to know.
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๊ผญ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ •์น˜์  ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ์  ๊ฐ•์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
And let's start with the word nonpartisan.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ดˆ๋‹น์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Nonpartisan is an adjective that means not aย ย 
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๋ฌด๋‹นํŒŒ์ (Nonpartisan)์€
00:18
member or connected withinย  a group or political party.
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๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด๋‚˜ ์ •๋‹น ๋‚ด์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
The Community Center is hosting aย  nonpartisan forum to discuss local issues,ย ย 
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ ํฌ๋Ÿผ์„ ์ฃผ์ตœํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
00:30
so this forum is not relatedย  to a specific political party.
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์ด ํฌ๋Ÿผ์€ ํŠน์ • ์ •๋‹น๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
The opposite of that is partisan.
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š” ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด๋‹ค.
00:39
This is also an adjective, and it's stronglyย  supporting a person, principal or political party.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ, ๊ต์žฅ, ์ •๋‹น์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
The audience was very partisan andย  refused to listen to her speech.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
And that's why I said thisย  lesson is nonpartisan becauseย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
00:58
it's for everyone regardless of political beliefs.
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์ •์น˜์  ์‹ ๋…์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
So if you're excited to learn this vocabulary,ย  put let's go, put let's go in the comments.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— put let's go, put let's go๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
01:07
And don't worry about taking notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:12
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
So we have nonpartisan, partisanย  and there's also bipartisan.
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๋ฌด๋‹นํŒŒ, ๋‹นํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
Have you heard this before?
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์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:21
This is an adjective, and it supports byย  or connected to two political parties.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
And that's the word by which represents 2.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 2๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
The government released aย  bipartisan public health campaign.
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ดˆ๋‹น์ ์ธ ๊ณต์ค‘ ๋ณด๊ฑด ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
So this campaign was supported by orย  connected to two political parties.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์€ ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Now, technically try partisan, which means three,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ 3๋ช…์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹นํŒŒ์ (partisan)
01:47
or quadri partisan, which meansย  four, and you can keep going.
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๋˜๋Š” 4๋ช…์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” 4๋ถ„ํ•  ๋‹นํŒŒ์ (quadri partisan)์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
Technically those terms exist,ย  but they're not widely used,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
01:55
at least in North America, our longย  standing nonpartisan tradition.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ ์  ์ „ํ†ต์ธ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
Is to make.
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ
02:00
Decisions objectively, based onlyย  on the best available evidence.
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์—๋งŒ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ฌํ•ด๋Š”
02:04
There are concerns that highly partisan volunteersย  could try to intimidate voters this year.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ธ ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
But.
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02:09
This is a bipartisan bill thatย  authorizes more than $7 billionย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ.
์ด๋Š”
02:12
so that initiatives like Feed theย  Future endure well into the future.
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Feed the Future์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ž˜ ์ง€์†๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก 70์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์Šน์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ดˆ๋‹น์  ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
Now let's quickly review theย  politics because I hear studentsย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
02:20
using this word incorrectly because ofย  the grammar of the sentence structure.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:25
Politics is a noun.
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์ •์น˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค.
02:28
This means the activities of government,ย  but it also means an area of study.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
For example, Maria is studying politics.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
The area of study.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ.
02:39
She's studying politics at university.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Or perhaps you're at the dinnerย  table and someone could say let'sย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
02:48
not discuss politics, theย  activities of government.
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์ •์น˜๋‚˜ ์ •๋ถ€ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Let's not discuss politics at dinner.
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ๋•Œ ์ •์น˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง™์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:56
Now, don't confuse us with the wordย  political, which is an adjective.
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์ด์ œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ ์ •์น˜์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
03:01
This means relating to politics, butย  it also means interested in politics.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •์น˜์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •์น˜์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
And did you notice that the noun has?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ has๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
03:10
That's on it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
03:12
If you follow my channel and if you'reย  new here, make sure you subscribe.
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๋‚ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด์‹œ๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ผญ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:17
If you follow my channel, you'llย  know that I use political articles,ย ย 
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์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •์น˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ, ์ •์น˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:22
news articles related to the study ofย  politics to teach you my students English.
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.
03:29
But the lessons are non partisan.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
The focus of the lesson is teachingย  you vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation.
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์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์€ ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
It's not to support or commentย  on a political party or interest.
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์ •๋‹น์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋…ผํ‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
So remember, you can say Jasper'sย  very political as the adjective,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Jasper๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ •์น˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:49
or you can say Jasper's interestedย  in politics, the study the noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
And of course you already know politician.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ •์น˜์ธ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
This is a noun and this is a member ofย  a government or lawmaking organization.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ •๋ถ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž…๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Amit is a politician.
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์•„๋ฏธํŠธ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋‹ค.
04:09
Don't forget that article because this is aย  job title and we use articles with job titles.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง์œ„์ด๊ณ  ์ง์œ„๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
04:16
Ahmed is a politician, but most ofย  his life he wasn't very political.
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์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์ •์น˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
I wrote about politics, economics,ย  and corporate affairs, and I couldย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ •์น˜, ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๊ธฐ์—… ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ผ๋Š”๋ฐ ,
04:27
have chosen to specialize in any of those fields.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
I wasn't really political, Iย  was just a French horn player.
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์ €๋Š” ๋”ฑํžˆ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ”„๋ Œ์น˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฅธ ์—ฐ์ฃผ์ž์˜€์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1900๋…„๋Œ€
04:35
One newspaper from the earlyย  1900s quoted a politician whoย ย 
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์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์€
04:39
said the Modi's had always beenย  loyal to the British Empire.
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Modi ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€์˜์ œ๊ตญ์— ์ถฉ์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ธ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
Now let's talk about a constituency.
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์ด์ œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
This is a noun and it's a bodyย  of voters in a specific area.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ์ง‘๋‹จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
And these voters, they elect a representative.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
But remember this word constituency, itย  refers to the whole body as one unit.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์‹ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
The politician worked hard to addressย  the concerns of his constituency.
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๊ทธ ์ •์น˜์ธ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์†ํ•œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์šฐ๋ ค ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
You could also say his constituents.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
So notice we have constituentย  or the plural form constituents.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:19
This is a noun and it is simply referring to allย  voter or voters in the plural in a specific area.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
So I could say I'm one of yourย  constituents, I'm one of the peopleย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ์˜์—ญ์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ
05:34
who can vote for you if I choose becauseย  I'm in this specific geographical area.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:40
Or a politician could say, my constituentsย  will be pleased with this new initiative,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ถœ๋งˆํ–ˆ๋˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์ธ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐœ์˜์•ˆ์ด ๋‚ด ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
the constituency that heย  or she was running for an.
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.
05:52
Office to represent Now in states where judgesย  are popularly elected, they have constituents.
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Now๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ํŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์—๋Š” ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Now let's review some common vocabulary,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
and I want you to pay pay attentionย  to the sentence structure.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
She voted in an election.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
So notice you vote in andย  then an election, an election.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํˆฌํ‘œํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ, ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:13
That's the noun form she voted for.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
Amen.
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์•„๋ฉ˜.
06:17
So you vote for a person, you vote in an election.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
And of course the verb is vote.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
So you conjugate that based on yourย  subject, Comet is running for mayor.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด Comet์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Notice you can run for a politicalย  position, in this case mayor.
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์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์œ„์น˜(์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ์žฅ)์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ๊ณ ์œ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:37
You don't need an article here in front ofย  mayor because mayor is considered a proper noun.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹œ์žฅ ์•ž์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:43
You could also say Ahmed is a candidate for mayorย  or Ahmed is campaigning for the position of mayor.
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๋˜ํ•œ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ ํ›„๋ณด ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ย Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
You could add the positionย  of but you don't need to.
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์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
So you could just say Ahmedย  is campaigning for mayor.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
So nearly a third of these studentsย  voted in an election, but they all,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š”
07:06
just for some reason, voted for the war.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋“  ์ „์Ÿ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
And he starts running for mayor and gettingย  and doing really, really well in the polls.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹œ์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋ก  ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์žฅ
07:14
It is just as illegal to make aย  foreign donation to a candidateย ย 
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ํ›„๋ณด๋‚˜ ๋ณด์•ˆ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:18
for mayor as it or a sheriffย  as it is for the presidency.
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๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
So let's say it's election night and all of theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜ค๋Š˜์ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ผ ๋ฐค์ด๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“ 
07:27
constituents voted for their partyย  of choice, their person of choice.
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์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ •๋‹น, ์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
And guess what?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:34
Ahmed won the election andย  it was a landslide victory.
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Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
This means that Ahmed won by a large margin.
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์ด๋Š” Ahmed๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
So the margin means the numberย  of votes for or against.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งˆ์ง„์€ ์ฐฌ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
In this case, a large margin could be 70% of theย  votes were for Ahmed and 30% were against him.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํˆฌํ‘œ์˜ 70%๊ฐ€ Ahmed์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ๊ณ  30%๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
You could also say a clear margin.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋งˆ์ง„์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
Using that word clear, you couldย  say it was a clear cut victory.
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ํด๋ฆฌ์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
Nobody can say that the results aren't conclusive.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
7030, that's conclusive.
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7030, ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์ด๋„ค์š”.
08:15
Ahmed won.
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์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
You could say it was an underdog victory.
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์•ฝ์ž์˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
This means that nobody expected Ahmed to win.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
He was the underdog.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
You could also say it was an upset.
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
An upset.
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ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
08:32
This means that everyoneย  expected someone else to win.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
It was an upset.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
But now let's say that Ahmed lost the election.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํŒจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
We could also say it was an upset,ย ย 
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด
08:47
but in this case everyone expectedย  Ahmed to win, but he didn't.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์Šฌ
08:54
We could say it was a narrow defeat,ย  or you could say it was a close call.
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์•„์Šฌํ•œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์•„์Šฌ์•„์Šฌํ•œ ์Šน๋ถ€์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
This means that Ahmed lost, but by a small margin.
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์ด๋Š” Ahmed๊ฐ€ ํŒจํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทผ์†Œํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ํŒจํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
So maybe it was 51 to 49.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 51 ๋Œ€ 49๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
That would be the smallest margin possible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์ง„์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
You could say it was a crushing defeat.
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์ฐธ๋‹ดํ•œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
This means Ahmed lost by a large margin.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ํŒจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
So 70% people didn't vote for Ahmed, only 30% did.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 70%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ 30%๋งŒ์ด ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
It was a crushing defeat.
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์ฐธ๋‹ดํ•œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
Keep in mind that you can use thisย  vocabulary about winning and losingย ย 
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09:35
for sports recruitment or any competition.
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์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๋ชจ์ง‘์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์™€ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:40
Germany's leading far rightย  party suffered a narrow defeatย ย 
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๋…์ผ์˜ ์„ ๋‘ ๊ทน์šฐ ์ •๋‹น์€
09:43
in regional elections in one of its strongholds.
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๊ฑฐ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ์ง€์—ญ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์•„์Šฌ์•„์Šฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
Well, it was a close call.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์•„์Šฌ์•„์Šฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:49
I mean, things almost didn't workout.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ์ผ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์šด๋™๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
King Ben Haddad the first attacks from around.
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Ben Haddad ์™•์ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Damascus What today?
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๋‹ค๋งˆ์Šค์ปค์Šค ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ญ์˜ˆ์š”?
09:54
Would be known as Syria, forcing theย  north to retreat in crushing defeat.
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์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ๋ถ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํŒจํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
Now let's talk about to impeachย  a politician's nightmare.
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์ด์ œ ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ ์•…๋ชฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ„ํ•ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:03
This is a verb, and it means toย  formally accuse a public officialย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์„
10:08
of a serious crime in connection with their job.
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์ง๋ฌด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
Did you know that in history, threeย  US presidents have been impeached?
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
10:19
This means three US presidents have been accusedย  of a serious crime related to their position.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น 3๋ช…์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง์œ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋กœ ๊ธฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
Can you name one out of the three?
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์…‹ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:29
Well if you follow my learn Englishย  with the news lessons, I'm sure you can.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด โ€‹โ€‹๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
So put one of those names in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฆ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
10:37
So three have been impeached accused, but 0ย  presidents have been forced to leave office.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 3๋ช…์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ง€๋งŒ 0๋ช…์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๊ฐ•์ œ ํ‡ด์ž„๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ„ํ•ต์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง์œ„์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„
10:47
You could also say that 0 presidents haveย ย 
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๋œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ 0๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:49
been removed from their positionย  as a result of the impeachment.
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.
10:55
Now notice here impeachment is the noun form.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํƒ„ํ•ต์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž„์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:59
It's talking about the accusation as a noun.
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๊ณ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
If a politician is forced to leave office orย  removed from their position, this means fired.
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์ •์น˜์ธ์ด ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ํ‡ด์ž„๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง์ฑ…์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ํ•ด๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
But we only use that termย  in non political positions.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •์น˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
So in a non political positionย  you would say Yevgenya was fired.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น„์ •์น˜์  ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ธŒ๊ฒŒ๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
She's an employee and theย  company or the boss fired her.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง์›์ธ๋ฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
But for political positions, you can say removedย  from office or forced to leave their position.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์น˜์  ์ž…์žฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ง์œ„์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ์ง์œ„์—์„œ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
So three US presidents have been impeached,ย  0 have been forced to leave office.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น 3๋ช…์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , 0๋ช…์€ ํ‡ด์ž„๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
But did you know that former Presidentย  Richard Nixon, he stepped down,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ๋‹‰์Šจ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:49
he resigned before he was officiallyย  impeached for a non political position.
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๋น„์ •์น˜์  ์ž…์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ„ํ•ต๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
11:55
You would use the word quit or you canย  use resigned but quit is more common.
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quit์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ Resigned๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ quit๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
Yevgenya quit 3 presidents have been impeached.
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์˜ˆ๋ธŒ๊ฒŒ๋ƒ ์‚ฌ์ž„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น 3๋ช…์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต๋๋‹ค.
12:04
Andrew Johnson.
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์•ค๋“œ๋ฅ˜ ์กด์Šจ.
12:05
Bill.
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12:05
Clinton and Donald Trump Trump is likelyย  to be the first to be impeached twice.
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์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ.
ํด๋ฆฐํ„ด๊ณผ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ํƒ„ํ•ต๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
Whether they're removed from their positionย  or if they're otherwise disciplined dueย ย 
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์ง์œ„์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:14
to concerns about harassment, bullying,ย  retaliation or hostile working conditions.
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๊ดด๋กญํž˜, ๋”ฐ๋Œ๋ฆผ, ๋ณด๋ณต ๋˜๋Š” ์ ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง•๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
12:18
Well, anyway, it got a lot better and by theย  time I stepped down, we had the Internet.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚˜์•„์กŒ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์ฏค์—๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
But while running, you know, atย  high speed, it was marvelous.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ์†์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์‹ ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:27
I mean, we were awash in cash.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ด ๋„˜์ณ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
I just mentioned former President Richard Nixon.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ๋‹‰์Šจ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
Let's review the word incumbent.
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ํ˜„์ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
This is a noun and it's the currentย  holder of a political office or position.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณต์ง์ด๋‚˜ ์ง์ฑ…์„ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
The incumbent president.
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ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
The current president isn'tย  running for re election.
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ํ˜„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์žฌ์„ ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ
12:48
That's a story I did a learn English withย  the news on, so make sure you watch it.
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๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ด๋‹ˆ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:53
So subscribe if you haven't already.
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์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:55
Now let's review to lobby.
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์ด์ œ ๋กœ๋น„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
This is a verb and is to try to influenceย  a politician or public official.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต์ง์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
The company spent millions on lobbying efforts,ย  so in this case it's being used as an adjective.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋กœ๋น„ ํ™œ๋™์— ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
It describes the efforts the incumbentย  president, the current president,ย ย 
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ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด
13:18
faced impeachment accusations of a serious crime.
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์ค‘๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜์˜๋กœ ํƒ„ํ•ต์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค.
13:22
Here it's the noun form forย  secretly meeting with lobbyists.
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๋กœ๋น„์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์— ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
So right here, the word is a noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
A lobbyist is someone who lobbies.
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๋กœ๋น„์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ๋กœ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‹ค.
13:34
How about this word?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:35
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:37
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:38
Isn't that fun to say?
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๊ทธ ๋ง์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€๊ฐ€?
13:39
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:41
Say it out loud.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด.
13:42
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:43
Do you know what this is?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
13:45
Well, it's both a verb and a noun,ย ย 
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๋ญ, ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๋„
13:49
and it's a long speech that someone makes toย  delay or prevent a new law from being made.
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ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฒ• ์ œ์ •์„ ์ง€์—ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ง์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
She filibustered the bill.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ์˜์‚ฌ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
So here it's a verb, and it's in theย  past simple form, the filibuster.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์ธ filibuster์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
So here it's a noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
The filibuster lasted for over 10 hours.
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ํ•„๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์Šคํ„ฐ๋Š” 10์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์†๋๋‹ค.
14:14
Remember a long speech?
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๊ธด ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
14:17
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
14:18
And yes, it's a filibuster.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
The filibuster is on.
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ํ•„๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์Šคํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
Now you have all the vocabulary that youย  need to feel confident discussing politics.
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์ด์ œ ์ •์น˜์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
Do you want me to keepย  teaching you political terms?
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๊ณ„์† ์ •์น˜ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆด๊นŒ์š”?
14:30
If you do, then put filibuster.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•„๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:32
Put filibuster, filibuster in the chat.
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์˜์‚ฌ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฐฉํ•ด, ์˜์‚ฌ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์— ๋„ฃ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:35
And of course, make sure you like this lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:37
Share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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14:47
You can click here to download orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:50
And here's one of the nonpartisanย  Learn English with the News lessons,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ธ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ฐ•์˜๋กœ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
14:54
so make sure you watch it right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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