21 Confusing English Words | English Vocabulary

22,930 views ใƒป 2025-05-22

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
What's the difference between I workedย  hard last night? I hardly worked lastย ย 
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์–ด์ œ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”์™€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ? ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค
00:06
night. I still haven't done it. I haven'tย  done it yet. There are many confusing wordsย ย 
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. ์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์•„์ง์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
00:15
in English that students often useย  incorrectly. Let's fix that. Todayย ย 
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ข…์ข… ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์ณ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€
00:20
you'll learn how to use these 21 confusingย  but very common English words. Welcome.
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ํ˜ผ๋™์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ 21๊ฐœ์˜ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ™˜์˜.
00:28
Back to JForrest English. Of course, I'mย  Jennifer Now Let's get started. First,ย ย 
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JForrest English๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ. ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”. ๋จผ์ €,
00:32
let's review hard and hardly. And let'sย  review these as a quiz. She studied reallyย ย 
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hard์™€ hardy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
00:42
for the exam and passed with topย  marks. Do you need hard or hardly?
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์ตœ๊ณ  ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
00:50
You need hard. I've been studying really hardย  because hard means with effort or intensity,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:58
whereas hardly means almost not. It's similarย  to barely. Now, you cannot say he works hardlyย ย 
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ฃ . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:10
every day. You have to say he works hardย  every day if you want to intensify that.
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
So you can say I worked hard this weekend. Thisย  means I worked a lot. If you say I hardly workedย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ . ์ฆ‰, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ,
01:29
this weekend and notice that sentenceย  structure placement, I hardly worked,ย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์น˜, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด,
01:35
this means I worked very little. So you canย  say I hardly or barely slept last night.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ž ์„ ์ž์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
01:44
You can't say I slept hard last night.ย  Sometimes there just isn't a replacementย ย 
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์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ํ‘น ์žค๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋ฌผ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:51
that means the same. You have to useย  a different word to intensify it,ย ย 
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. ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ,
01:57
so you would say I slept well or I slept great.
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์ž˜ ์žค๋‹ค(I sleep well) ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ์žค๋‹ค(I sleep great)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Last night, or there's an idiomย  you may know, I slept like a rock,ย ย 
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์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์—, ํ˜น์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•Œ ๋ฒ•ํ•œ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์œ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์žค๋‹ค,
02:06
or I slept like a baby last night.ย  Don't worry about taking notes. Iย ย 
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ํ˜น์€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ์•„๊ธฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์žค๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š”
02:12
summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.ย  You can find the link in the description.ย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์—… PDF๋กœ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Now, that you understand the difference,ย  here is one sentence that uses both. He.
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์ด์ œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ์œผ๋‹ˆ, ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ.
02:26
Gets any recognition from hisย  boss even though he works so.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ธ์ •์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค.
02:33
Which one do you need? He hardly gets anyย  recognition. You can identify it because ofย ย 
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์–ด๋А ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ธ์ •์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:41
the sentence structure, but also because it'sย  reducing the amount of recognition. It means aย ย 
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์ธ์‹์˜ ์–‘์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
little, not a lot, even though he works so hard,ย  placement of the word and also it intensifies it.
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์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
Now let's review late and lately. Here's yourย  quiz. Jennifer, I've been watching a lot ofย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋Šฆ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ,
03:07
your videos. Oh, thank you. I'm so glad, butย  what do you need? Late or lately? Jennifer.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ดค์–ด์š”. ์•„, ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์˜๋„ค์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ตœ๊ทผ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ.
03:14
Lately, I've been watching a lot ofย  your videos. So if that describes you,ย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:19
put that's right, that's right, put that's rightย  in the comments. I've been thinking lately. Nowย ย 
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ดค์–ด์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ
03:25
late means after the scheduled or usual time,ย  and lately means in recent days or weeks.
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๋Šฆ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ์ •๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ํ‰์†Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ›„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ , ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋ž€ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฉฐ์น ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
We arrived late after the scheduled timeย  because we stayed up late last night. Thisย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ˆ์ •๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š”
03:46
means you stayed up, remained awake laterย  than you usually do, past your normal time.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  , ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋„˜์–ด ๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
How about this one? You should leave earlyย  so you're not late for the interview. So theย ย 
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ๋ฉด์ ‘์— ๋Šฆ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ผ์ฐ ํ‡ด๊ทผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ
04:03
opposite of late is early, which I always try toย  be. Now lately you've been showing up late. Uh oh.
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๋Šฆ์Œ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€ ์ผ์ฐ์ธ ์…ˆ์ด๊ณ , ์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์ฐ์ด ๋˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์š”์ฆ˜์€ ๊ณ„์† ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋„ค์š”. ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”. '
04:14
Lately is flexible, so you could say you've beenย  showing up late, lately. Yes, you can have lateย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ'์€ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ถœ๊ทผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค, ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ๋Šฆ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:22
lately side by side and then you might add on,ย  is everything OK? because lately is the presentย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€์ง€ ๋ง๋ถ™์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ
04:31
perfect or present perfect continuous.ย  So with the action started in the past.
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์™„๋ฃŒ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
And continues until now. So it sounds like it'sย  more of a routine. He's been working a lot lately,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”. ๊ทธ๋Š”
04:45
not just now, started in the past andย  continues. Or again, you can start withย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด,
04:50
lately and say lately she hasn't been herself.ย  The verb to be cannot go in a continuous form.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. be๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Here's your quiz question. I'm sorry theย  kids are, again, our car has been acting up.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
05:08
Well, you can tell because of theย  meaning, but also because of thatย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์˜๋ฏธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
05:13
sentence structure. I immediately noticed theย  present perfect continuous and the fact it'sย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
05:18
the very last word. So I know the lastย  one, our car has been acting up lately.
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๋งจ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
That's why the kids are late again.ย  Now let's review really and actuallyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋˜ ๋Šฆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
I hear mistakes with these a lot. How about thisย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
05:37
quiz question? I thought he was justย  late, but he got into an accident.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:45
But actually, hm. Actually he was laughing.ย  This is an important distinction really isย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€, ์Œ. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๋Š” ์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„์ด๋ฉฐ
05:53
an intensifier. It means very truly or genuinely.
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๊ฐ•ํ™” ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ง„์‹คํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
But we're not intensifying anything here. Itย  sounds like we're correcting something andย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ,
06:03
that's when you need actually. It meansย  in fact or it's to introduce somethingย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:09
surprising, correcting or clarifying.ย  I thought he was late, but actually.
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, ๊ต์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
06:16
He got into an accident, so I'mย  clarifying my false assumption.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Now sometimes a student will say to me,ย  Jennifer, actually I like your videos,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ€๋” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.
06:27
but this sounds like you thought Iย  didn't like your videos, but I do.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”. ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:34
You want to use really if there's nothing toย  correct or clarify, so you want to say I reallyย ย 
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์—†์„ ๋•Œ really๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ง
06:42
like your videos to intensify it. Now let's reviewย  this. You can say I really liked the movie. Youย ย 
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๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
06:50
intensify your feeling of satisfaction,ย  and then you can ask, did you like it?
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๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉด, ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:56
And then you might need to clarify orย  correct and say, actually, I've neverย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š”
07:03
seen it before because the person assumes you'veย  seen it. You can change that placement and say,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „์— ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์„œ, '
07:10
I've actually never seen it before. You canย  even add it at the end. It sounds more likeย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค
07:17
an afterthought. I've never seen it before,ย  actually. So, here's your quiz question.
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๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ „์— ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ž, ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
I'm sorry. I thought your name was Jane.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์ œ์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:30
What do you think? The first one?ย  I'm really sorry you're intensifyingย ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”์š”?ย  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ฌํ™”์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:36
it. I actually thought your name was Jane.ย  You're clarifying or correcting information.ย ย 
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. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์ œ์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
Now let's review a pair that even nativeย  speakers confuse, especially and specially.ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด ํ™”์ž์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์Œ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:52
Here's the quiz question. She's allergic toย  peanuts, so we need to create a dish for her.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋•…์ฝฉ์— ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Which one?
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์–ด๋А ๊ฒƒ?
08:03
Especially for
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ํŠนํžˆ
08:05
her.
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08:05
He had had my ring made especially for me.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
Especially means particularly more than others,ย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํŠนํžˆ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
08:14
especially means for a specific purposeย  or intention. I love all types of.
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ํŠนํžˆ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์  ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.
08:22
Pie, especially apple pie. So I'm usingย  this to emphasize apple pie more thanย ย 
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ํŒŒ์ด, ํŠนํžˆ ์‚ฌ๊ณผํŒŒ์ด. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์• ํ”ŒํŒŒ์ด๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:30
others. I made this apple pie specially forย  you. It's sugar free. This is to emphasize aย ย 
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. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ณผ ํŒŒ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š” . ์„คํƒ•์ด ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์ด๋Š”
08:39
specific purpose or intention. So youย  can say English grammar is difficult,ย ย 
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
08:45
especially irregular verbsย  to emphasize that category.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
Or I could say I created a lesson specially forย  my advanced students. Now, I could add on all myย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“ 
08:59
students will benefit from this lesson,ย  especially my beginner students, so I'mย ย 
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ํ•™์ƒ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ดˆ๋ณด ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ด์ต์„ ์–ป์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”
09:06
highlighting that group. Let's try another quizย  question. He was trained for dangerous missions.
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๊ทธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
Those involving explosives.
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ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด.
09:20
He was specially trained for a specific purpose,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
09:25
dangerous missions and then weย  want to highlight specific ones,ย ย 
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,
09:30
especially those involving explosives. Now let'sย  talk about eventually and ultimately. Here's theย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ž„๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ
09:38
quiz question the plan was risky, expensive,ย  and time consuming, but it was successful.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณ„ํš์€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค๊ณ  , ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
But it was ultimately successful.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Impressive,
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์ธ์ƒ์ ์ด๊ธด
09:55
but ultimately
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09:55
useless.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
Now, to be fair, you couldย  grammatically and logicallyย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ
10:02
say eventually. This means after a long time.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ํ›„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
Finally, but ultimately meansย  in the end after consideringย ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํ›„์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:13
everything. So if you had toย  only choose one for the quiz,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:19
ultimately is the better fit. But justย  remember that both make sense. Here's anย ย 
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๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด ์ชฝ์ด ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์„ ํƒ
10:24
easy way to remember the difference if you have toย  choose only one. Eventually focuses on the time.
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ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
Ultimately focuses on the result, but you canย  equally say he eventually became a teacher. Heย ย 
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๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
10:41
ultimately became a teacher. They'll eventuallyย  get married, they'll ultimately get married.ย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
10:48
There's a very subtle difference. So let'sย  try another quiz and think about which oneย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์–ด๋А ๊ฒƒ์ด
10:54
focuses on time and which one focuses onย  result. After years of consideration, he
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์–ด๋А ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ ๋์—
11:03
Moved to Europe and retired. Well, that yearsย  of consideration, that to me sounds like time.ย ย 
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜์—ฌ ์€ํ‡ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
So I would personally choose eventually forย  the first one. After years of consideration,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ ๋ ค ๋์—
11:19
he eventually moved and ultimatelyย  retired because that focuses on theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์€ํ‡ด๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:24
end result. Another pair with a veryย  subtle difference, just and only.
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. ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:32
I arrived.
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๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:35
I just arrived. She just arrived. Just as aย  short time ago, it can also mean exactly orย ย 
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ,
11:44
simply depending on context. Only is no moreย  than is restricted to one or whatever thatย ย 
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๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Only๋Š” 1๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ•œ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:53
quantity is. So if you say I only said that, thisย  means I said one thing, that, and nothing more.
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ, ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
If you say, I just said that,ย  I said that a short time ago.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ „์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
I only met her. I met one person,ย  her. I just met her. I met her aย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋งŒ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ
12:21
short time ago. So how about this quiz?ย  I got here and I brought the dessert.
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์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „์— ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”? ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์™€์„œ ๋””์ €ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์–ด์š”.
12:33
I just got here recently, a few minutes ago.ย  I only brought the dessert. So that one item,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „, ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ์ „์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋””์ €ํŠธ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ,
12:42
the dessert, nothing more. Here's aย  pair many of my students can fuse. 2.
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๋””์ €ํŠธ, ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์œตํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2.
12:49
And so that movie was funny.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฐŒ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:55
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
12:57
That movie was so funny. You're soย  funny. 2 means to a higher degreeย ย 
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๊ทธ ์˜ํ™” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์žฌ๋ฐŒ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋„ˆ ์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฐŒ์–ด. 2๋Š”
13:05
than necessary or desirable. So is anย  intensifier, very extremely to suchย ย 
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ž๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ
13:13
a degree. Sometimes my students say,ย  Jennifer, your lessons are too good.
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์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋” ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„์š”.
13:20
But this means I wish they were lessย  good because 2 is more than wanted,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” 2๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋œ ์ข‹์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
13:28
needed, or desired, so it soundsย  negative. So you want to say Jennifer,ย ย 
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ,
13:34
your lessons are so good, which means Iย  think they're very good and hopefully you do.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์š”. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์š”.
13:42
So of course you can say the coffee is too hotย  to drink. This means more than I want. Or you canย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ปคํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์„œ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ  . ์ด๊ฑด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ด์š”. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
13:51
say I'm so tired after that workout. So of courseย  I'm very tired. Now notice for sentence structure,ย ย 
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์šด๋™ ํ›„์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ €๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:00
we have 2 and then whatever your adjective isย  too hot, but then you can use an infinitive.
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2๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ too hotํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
To drink or I'm too tired to play golf.
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์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น  ๊ธฐ์šด์ด ์—†์–ด.
14:15
Now, with so you would use an adjective,ย  but you can't use an infinitive after,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ, so๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ ,
14:22
you can use a clause, which is a full sentence.ย  I'm so tired, I can't play golf today.
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์ ˆ์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ ˆ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
14:32
Here's another quiz for you. Your lessonsย  are good, but they're long. Hmm, well,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์—… ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ข‹์€๋ฐ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์–ด์š”. ์Œ, ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”,
14:43
we start with a positive, so good, butย  then a negative, too long because it'sย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ, ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ , ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ,
14:51
more than wanted or needed or desired, soย  it's a negative. Now let's review still.
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์›ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์ด๋ผ์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ์–ด์ง€์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
And yet, the question, is he sleeping?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
15:04
Is he still sleeping, and he's still sleeping.ย  Still means continuing to happen. So is the sleep.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.ย  ' ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ'๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฉด๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
Continuing to happen yet means until now andย  it's also expected to happen. An importantย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์† ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ
15:25
note still can be used in positive, negative,ย  or question form but yet can only be used inย ย 
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๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ธ์ •์ , ๋ถ€์ •์  ๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ •์  ๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ธ์ •์ 
15:33
negative or questions, yet cannot be used in theย  positive. So you can say I'm still working on it.
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์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์•„์ง๋„ ์ž‘์—… ์ค‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:42
I still haven't worked on it. This meansย  the action, not working on it continues.ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์ฆ‰ , ์ž‘์—…์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…์ด ๊ณ„์†๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
Now if you say I haven't worked on it yet,ย ย 
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์•„์ง ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€
15:56
this means the action hasn't happenedย  until now, but it's expected to happen.
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์ž‘์—…์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:04
Now you can ask, have you worked on it yet?ย  Or you can ask, are you still working on it?ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์ž‘์—…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ์•„์ง๋„ ์ž‘์—… ์ค‘์ด๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
But you cannot use yet in the positive,ย  you cannot say I'm working on it yet.ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ , ์•„์ง ์ž‘์—… ์ค‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
You can't say that. So here's yourย  quiz. She's in bed and hasn't eaten.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์›Œ์„œ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
What do you think? Well, the action ofย  being in bed continues. She's still inย ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์›Œ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์€ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ง
16:37
bed and then a negative. She hasn't eatenย  yet, but it's expected to happen. Now,ย ย 
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์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์›Œ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ง ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ, ์ด์™€
16:46
similarly, let's review ever andย  never. Have you gone skydiving?
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๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ever์™€ never๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์Šค์นด์ด๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
16:55
Have you ever gone skydiving? Have you everย  had children? Ever means at any time. Never,ย ย 
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์Šค์นด์ด๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์€ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? 'Ever'๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Never,
17:04
not at any time, but ever is used with questions,ย ย 
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not at any time, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ever๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ ,
17:10
never is used in the negative, and bothย  ever and never use the present perfect.
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never๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ , ever์™€ never๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:19
Have you ever gone skydiving? Toย  answer, you would say, yes, I have.
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์Šค์นด์ด๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ '์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:28
Yes, I have gone skydiving. No, I've never goneย  skydiving, or you can say no, never, or you canย ย 
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๋„ค, ์Šค์นด์ด๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์Šค์นด์ด๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ ํ•ด๋ดค๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด,
17:39
say no, I haven't gone skydiving yet, whichย  means it's expected. You think you'll do thisย ย 
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์•„์ง ์Šค์นด์ด๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:48
action in the future. So let's review the quizย  question. If you want to try sushi like you've.
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํ€ด์ฆˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ดˆ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋จน์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:57
Had it before. I know a great place.
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์ „์—๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์„ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
18:04
If you ever, the clue thereย  is if you, that's a question,ย ย 
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
so you need ever directly with questions likeย  you've never had it before. That's actually aย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ „์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
18:18
negative statement. Now let's review sometime andย  sometimes with that S. Let's get lunch next week.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ง„์ˆ ์ด์—์š”. ์ด์ œ S์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ sometime๊ณผ sometime์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน์์‹œ๋‹ค.
18:30
What do you think without the S or with the S?
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S๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
18:34
Let's get lunch sometime next week. He shouldย  come over sometime after school. Without the S,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ ์–ด๋А๋•Œ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน์์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. S๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ํŠน์ •
18:41
it means at an unspecified time, maybe Monday,ย  Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, any of those timesย ย 
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๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›”์š”์ผ, ํ™”์š”์ผ, ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ, ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ ๋“ฑ ์–ธ์ œ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:48
because it's unspecified. Sometimes with the Sย  means occasionally it's an adverb of frequency.
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์ง€์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ S๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋”์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:57
So if someone asks you, do you still play golf?ย  So they want to know if the action of playingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ "์•„์ง๋„ ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น˜๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€
19:04
golf continues? Do you still play golf? You canย  reply and say sometimes, which means occasionally.ย ย 
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๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”? ์•„์ง๋„ ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ '๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” '๊ฐ€๋”'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:12
Now as an adverb of frequency, you would haveย  subject, adverb, verb. I sometimes play golf.
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์ด์ œ ๋นˆ๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋” ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
Now, they may ask you, oh, wouldย  you like to play golf sometime?
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ " ์–ธ์ œ ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ˆ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
This means at an unspecified time in the future,ย  maybe next week, next month, 2 months from now,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํŠน์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ์ , ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ, ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ, 2๊ฐœ์›” ํ›„ ๋“ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:34
so unspecified. Now if they say to you,ย  would you like to play golf sometimes?
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉด, ๊ฐ€๋” ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:42
They're asking you about yourย  routine. So this question means,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€, ์ผ์ƒ์˜
19:47
would you like to play golf occasionally as partย  of your routine? Now, let's review your quiz.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋” ๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:57
We meet after work, so we shouldย  plan a get together next week.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„์— ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ๋ชจ์ž„์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
20:05
Well, based on sentence structure, you knowย  what's needed. Sometimes we meet after work.ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ . ๊ฐ€๋” ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„์— ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์š”.
20:12
This happens occasionally occasionally we meetย  after work. We should plan a get together,ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„์— ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
20:19
which is a meeting betweenย  people sometime next week,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ ์–ด๋А ๋•Œ์ธ๊ฐ€,
20:24
an unspecified time next week. Nowย  let's review definitely and probably on.
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์–ธ์ œ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์ •ํ•ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์ž„์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
Going to the meeting, it's mandatory.
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ํšŒ์˜์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:37
I'm definitely going to the meeting.ย  We definitely will. Definitely meansย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™•์‹คํžˆ๋Š”
20:42
without a doubt 100% certain, probably means mostย  likely. You can think of it as 70% or 90% certain,ย ย 
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์˜์‹ฌํ•  ์—ฌ์ง€ ์—†์ด 100% ํ™•์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ , ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 70% ๋˜๋Š” 90% ์ •๋„ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
20:53
but it's not guaranteed. So if a friend asksย  you, can you drive me to the airport tomorrow?
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๋ณด์žฅ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ผ ๊ณตํ•ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด?
21:00
You can reply back and say definitelyย  100% or probably 70 to 90%.
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๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„œ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 100%๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 70~90%๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:08
I can definitely drive youย  to the airport tomorrow,ย ย 
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๋‚ด์ผ ๊ณตํ•ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ผญ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค์ค„๊ฒŒ์š”.
21:12
or you can even use this in theย  negative. I probably can't driveย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์จ๋„ ๋ผ์š” .
21:16
you to the airport tomorrow. So theย  negative action is 70% to 90% certain.
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๋‚ด์ผ์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๊ณตํ•ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์€ 70%~90% ํ™•์‹คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:23
Here's the quiz. I'll be atย  the meeting, but I leave early.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ฐ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
21:32
We'll probably leave early becauseย  you can't leave early to the meetingย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ ์ผ์ฐ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์˜์— ์ผ์ฐ ๊ฐˆ
21:40
if there's only a 70 to 90% chance ofย  you going, so you're definitely goingย ย 
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ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด 70~90%์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ผ์ฐ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ
21:46
to the meeting. Now let's review back andย  again when will you be from your trip?
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ํšŒ์˜์— ๊ผญ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์€ ์–ธ์ œ ๋๋‚ ์ง€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:56
You want back. I'll be back. Becauseย  this means return to a place againย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ธธ ์›ํ•ด์š”. ๊ณง ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
22:01
of course means to repeat anย  action. You can say I'm back.
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€.
22:07
Or you can say let's do itย  again. Let's try that again.ย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
22:13
Now back is commonly used with come backย  or get back, which means to return. When doย ย 
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์ด์ œ back์€ come back ์ด๋‚˜ get back๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ์•„์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:19
you come back or get back from vacation? Andย  then you can reply back and clarify and say,ย ย 
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ํœด๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์–ธ์ œ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ํ•ด์„œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
22:27
actually I'm back. I got back last week.ย  How about this quiz? I'd love to go.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋Œ์•„์™”์–ด์š”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:38
Back again. So to go back, I'd love toย  return one more time again. I'd loveย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:46
to go back again. Now you know how toย  use these confusing English words. Doย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:51
you want me to keep helping you improve yourย  vocabulary? If you do, put yes, yes, yes, yes,ย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
22:57
yes, yes, yes, yes, yes in the comments belowย  and of course make sure you like this lesson.
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ผญ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
23:01
And share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson,ย ย 
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
23:06
and you can get this free speaking guideย  where I share 6 tips on how to speak Englishย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:10
fluently and confidently. You can clickย  here to download it or look for the linkย ย 
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
23:14
in the description. And here's anotherย  lesson I know you'll love, watch it now.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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