Speak ADVANCED English in 60 MINUTES | American English Lesson (LESSON PDF + QUIZ)

66,900 views ใƒป 2023-10-27

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
My goal is that by the end of this lesson, you're going to feel more confident speaking
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์ œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘ ์•ž์—์„œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:05
English in public.
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00:06
Now, in this one hour English lesson, you're going to improve all areas of your English.
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์ด์ œ, ์ด ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Of course you'll improve your English speaking, but to do that you also need to include your
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜์–ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๋„ ํฌํ•จ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:18
English.
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00:19
Listening, reading, writing, vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation.
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ, ์ฝ๊ธฐ, ์“ฐ๊ธฐ, ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ๋ฐœ์Œ.
00:23
You'll do it all in this lesson.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Welcome back to JForrest
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
English, of course, I'm Jennifer.
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์ €๋Š” Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
So that's what you'll do right now.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
Now let's get started with your weekly lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
First, let's talk about your listening skills.
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๋จผ์ €, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:38
A lot of students tell me that they struggle to understand native speakers at a fast pace.
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
The best way to solve this is by listening to native speakers at a fast pace and getting
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
00:50
comfortable with our pronunciation changes and also the advanced expressions that we.
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๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์™€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Here's how this lesson will work.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ
01:01
I'm going to say a sentence three times, and you need to write down exactly what you hear
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ํ…๋ฐ, ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:08
in the comments.
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01:09
After, I'll explain the pronunciation changes that take place in fast English, and I'll
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ
01:15
also explain the advanced expressions that I used.
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค๋„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:19
So let's start your first listening test.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
I'll say it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
Careful with the blender.
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๋ฏน์„œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์„ธ์š”.
01:25
It's a little finicky.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Careful with the blender.
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๋ฏน์„œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์„ธ์š”.
01:29
It's a little finicky.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Careful with the blender.
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๋ฏน์„œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์„ธ์š”.
01:33
It's a little finicky.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
I said careful with the blender.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏน์„œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
It's a little finicky.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
First, let's talk about the pronunciation changes.
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๋จผ์ € ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
01:46
You can see here it's this is a contraction.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
It is.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€.
01:50
It's it's a little.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
It's a little.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
So we pronounce that as a a soft D little, the little, the little little.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด D little, the little, the little little๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Now some native speakers will drop those sounds entirely and it will just sound like Lil will.
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์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—†์• ๊ณ  Lil์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
And then we connect it with a a little, a little, a little.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ, ์กฐ๊ธˆ, ์กฐ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
I personally pronounce the soft D's a little.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ D๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
A little.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ.
02:19
It's a little finicky.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
Finicky is probably a new word in your vocabulary.
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Finicky๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
So let's focus on the sounds.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:27
Fin, ick E Now we're going to put the syllable stress on the first sound.
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Fin, ick E ์ด์ œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ์Œ์ ˆ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
Fin.
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์ง€๋Š๋Ÿฌ๋ฏธ.
02:35
Finicky.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
Finicky.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
Finicky.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
What does this mean?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
02:40
Well, finicky.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊นŒ๋‹ค ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
This is an adjective to be finicky, and this means that something requires a lot of attention
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:49
to detail.
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02:50
So the example is using a blender, a common household appliance that's easy to use.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์ „์ œํ’ˆ์ธ ๋ฏน์„œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:57
But if this blender is finicky, it means that to use it successfully you have to really
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”๊ฐ€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
03:05
pay attention to detail.
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ์„ธ์‹ฌํ•œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
03:06
Maybe you have to make make sure the lid is on in just a precise way, or press the buttons
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๋šœ๊ป‘์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ซํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:14
in a very specific way in order for the blender to operate.
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๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:20
Likely because the blender is very old or there's a problem with the blender.
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๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
It's finicky.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
It's a little finicky because it being so finicky with me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:31
This machines are really finicky.
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์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
It's.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€.
03:35
Being finicky.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์›Œ์š”.
03:37
Now let's talk about grammar for a second, because notice the sentence started with careful.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž ์‹œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:42
Careful.
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์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ์€.
03:44
Technically you need the verb be.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ be ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
Be careful, be careful.
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์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:49
But native speakers will commonly drop verbs when they're not required to understand the
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:56
sentence.
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.
03:57
So if I said to a native speaker careful, they're not going to be confused because there's
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด be ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:02
no verb be.
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.
04:04
They understand what it means out the verb.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
Careful.
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์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ์€.
04:08
Be careful.
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์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:09
They're both correct, and a native speaker will most likely just.
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งž๊ณ  ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
Say careful.
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์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ .
04:13
Let's try this again with another listening exercise.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:17
I'll say it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
She's a finicky eater.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
She's a finicky eater.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
She's a finicky eater, I said.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—์š”, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
She's a finicky eater.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
This was easy for you, right?
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์ด๊ฑด ์‰ฌ์› ์ฃ ?
04:33
Because it's the same word.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
04:35
Finicky, finicky.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์›Œ, ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์›Œ.
04:37
So hopefully you could clearly hear that now.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
But the meaning in this context is different.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
We're not saying she's an eater.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
That requires a lot of attention to detail.
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
A finicky eater is an eater who is difficult to please.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:58
Now, why would an eater be difficult to please?
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์ž, ์™œ ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ๊นŒ์š”?
05:02
Because there are probably many things that she doesn't like or she has a lot of specific
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:08
preferences about how her food is prepared.
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์Œ์‹ ์ค€๋น„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
This adjective is commonly used to describe children because most children are finicky
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์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด
05:21
eaters.
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๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
If you have kids, you can probably relate to this.
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์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ ๊ณต๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:25
And you were once a child, so I don't know about you, But As for me, I was definitely
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•œ๋•Œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ
05:32
a finicky eater.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
When I was a kid, I only liked about 5 things and there was a long list of things I didn't
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ •๋„๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๋๊ณ , ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์€ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค
05:43
like.
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.
05:44
If you can relate to, that put me too.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
Me too in the comments.
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์ €๋„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—.
05:49
Me too.
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์ €๋„์š”.
05:50
So I know that you were also a finicky eater.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
Good luck with my finicky appetite.
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๋‚˜์˜ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ์‹์š•์— ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋น•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Let's try this again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
I'll say this sentence three times.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
The audience was hanging on her every word.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
06:06
The audience was hanging on her every word.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
06:10
The audience was hanging on her every word.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
06:13
I said.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
The audience was hanging on her every word for pronunciation.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:22
Notice how on her sounds like honor, honor, Honor.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์˜ˆ, ๋ช…์˜ˆ, ๋ช…์˜ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
06:29
Because we frequently drop the H sound on her and then I connect those two words together.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ H ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
Honor.
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๋ช…์˜ˆ.
06:37
I can also connect that with every honor, every honor, every honor, every.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ช…์˜ˆ, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ช…์˜ˆ, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ช…์˜ˆ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
What does this mean to hang on ones every?
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๋งค๋ฒˆ ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:51
This is an expression, and it means that you listen very closely, very attentively, very
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ฃผ์˜๊นŠ๊ฒŒ, ๋งค์šฐ ์ฃผ์˜๊นŠ๊ฒŒ, ๋งค์šฐ
07:01
carefully.
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์ฃผ์˜๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋“ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Now with expressions, you need to make sure you have every single word.
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์ด์ œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
So here it's on her every word.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
So if you said the audience was hanging on her word and you forgot to use every, it wouldn't
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒญ์ค‘์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ง์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
07:20
make sense.
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๋ง์ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
Because with expressions, you have to use every single word of the expression.
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ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
So if you are listening to this lesson very closely, you're taking notes, you're actively
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ
07:34
participating, then you, my friends, are hanging on my every word.
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์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๋‚˜์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ง์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
But if, as you're watching this video, you're also checking your e-mail or making dinner
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:47
or doing something else, then you're not hanging on my every word.
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, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
So I hope you're hanging on my every word.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚ด ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
If you are, put that in the comments, Jennifer, I'm hanging on your every word.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”, ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ง์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
And that means you're paying very close attention to what I'm saying.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์„ธ์‹ฌํ•œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:08
They're hanging on his every word, but he hangs on your every word.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ง์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ง์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
They all hang on my every word.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚ด ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
Let's try this again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
I'll say it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
She has me wrapped around her finger.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
She has me wrapped around her finger.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
She has me wrapped around her finger, I said.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
She has me wrapped around her finger for pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
Notice wrapped the Ed is pronounced as a soft T Wrapped, wrapped, wrapped, wrapped around.
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Wrapped Ed๋Š” ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด T๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Wrapped, Wrapped, Wrapped, Wrapped around๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
Now because I'm combining this with around, I can take that sound wrapped around wrapped
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ around์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์‹ธ์„œ ๊ฐ์‹ธ์„œ
08:57
around and I can combine them together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
09:01
Remember I said we commonly get rid of the H sound on her?
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ H ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
09:06
So I can do that here as well, and then I can connect it together wrapped around her
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์‹ธ์„œ
09:13
to have someone wrapped around your finger.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
Or we commonly say little finger wrapped around your finger wrapped around your little finger.
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๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์— ๊ฐ์‹ผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
There's no difference.
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์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
So little is optional in this expression, and this is when you have complete control
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:34
over someone.
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.
09:35
And he's just infatuated with her.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
This happens in situations where perhaps this guy is totally in love with this.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
And because of that she has complete control over him.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:52
And no matter what she says, he just does it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋“  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
So he does her laundry for her.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋นจ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค.
10:00
He drives her to work every day.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ง์žฅ์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค์ค€๋‹ค.
10:04
She has him wrapped around her little finger.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์— ๊ฐ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
I'll have you wrapped around my finger.
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๋‚ด ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹ธ์ค„๊ฒŒ.
10:10
No time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์—†๋‹ค.
10:11
Please, I've got Doctor.
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์ œ๋ฐœ, ๋‹ฅํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
10:12
Reed wrapped around my finger.
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๋ฆฌ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ๊ฐ์ŒŒ๋‹ค.
10:14
Boy, Archie, Veronica's got you wrapped around her little finger.
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๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ์•„์น˜, ๋ฒ ๋กœ๋‹ˆ์นด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ŒŒ์–ด์š”.
10:18
Let's do this one more time.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
10:20
I'll say it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
I can't get anything past you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
I can't get anything past you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
I can't get anything past you, I said I can't get anything past you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:38
For pronunciation, notice we have get anything, so we have AT between 2 vowels.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— AT๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
So I can pronounce that as get anything, get anything, get anything.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ get everything, get everything, get everything์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
And then I'll combine those two sounds together.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด ๋‘ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
I can't get anything past due now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฐ์ฒด๋œ ๊ธˆ์•ก์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
What does this mean?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
11:00
To get something past someone or you can also say to get something by someone they're exactly
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ
11:07
the same.
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๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
It's just an option you can use past or by.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ต์…˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
This is when someone doesn't notice something important.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:17
But notice in my example I can't get anything by you.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:24
I used it in the negative.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
Let's imagine an example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:30
Let's say a customer is in a restaurant, and that customer ordered an expensive bottle
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๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ’๋น„์‹ผ
11:37
of French wine, but the restaurant tried to serve him cheap American wine.
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์™€์ธ ํ•œ ๋ณ‘์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์™€์ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
Now, because I can't get anything by you, it means that you notice the details when
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์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:57
they're important.
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.
11:59
So it means that you noticed that this isn't the wine you ordered, and you'll say, wait,
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์ฆ‰, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•œ ์™€์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ž ๊น,
12:08
this isn't the wine I ordered, and then the waiter can say I can't get anything by you
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์ด๊ฑด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•œ ์™€์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์›จ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” '๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
can't get.
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์–ป๋‹ค.
12:15
Anything past this guy?
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ๊ฑด ์—†์–ด?
12:17
Can't get anything past you, can I?
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
12:19
Never could get anything past you Can I?
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด
12:22
An amazing job improving your listening skills of fast English and also adding these advanced
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰
12:28
expressions to your speech.
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ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
Now let's improve your pronunciation.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
Let's do an imitation exercise.
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ํ‰๋‚ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
12:35
I'm going to say each sentence again three times, and I want you to repeat each sentence
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด์ค„ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„
12:43
out loud so you can imitate my pronunciation.
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๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
Let's do that now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
12:50
Careful with the blender.
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๋ฏน์„œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์„ธ์š”.
12:51
It's a little finicky.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
Careful with the blender, it's a little finicky.
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๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
Careful with the blender, it's a little finicky.
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๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
She's a finicky eater.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
She's a finicky eater.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
She's a finicky eater.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
The audience was hanging on her every word.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
13:28
The audience was hanging on her every word.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
13:36
The audience was hanging on her every word.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
13:43
She has me wrapped around her finger.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
She has me wrapped around her finger.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
She has me wrapped around her finger.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
I can't get anything past you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
I can't get anything past you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
I can't get anything past you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
Now let's move on and we're going to read a short article together.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์งง์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
This article is about the moon, something we look at every single day.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
Now, I love using articles in my classes because as we're reading this together, you're learning
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
14:39
correct pronunciation, you're learning advanced vocabulary, you're learning complex grammatical
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ์Œ, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
14:46
structures, and you're doing it all in a very interesting and engaging way as we're learning
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์— ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:51
about the moon.
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.
14:53
So let's start the lesson now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
1st I'll read the headline Why does the moon shine?
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๋จผ์ € ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ๋‹ฌ์€ ๋น›๋‚˜๋‚˜์š”?
15:00
So?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ?
15:01
Of course, the verb shine is when something sends out or reflects light.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋™์‚ฌ ๋น›๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋น›์„ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
I'm sure you know that the sun shines.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋น›๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
The sun shines.
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ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋น›๋‚œ๋‹ค.
15:14
Shine is an irregular verb.
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Shine์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
So of course you have the verb to shine with an S because the subject is the sun ** *** it.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–‘ ** *** it์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— S๋กœ ๋น›๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
Now, in American English in the past simple, we just add an Ed.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์— Ed๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
So it's regular verb in the past simple.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
The sun shined yesterday in British English.
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์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์–ด์ œ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋น›๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
15:32
They.
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๊ทธ๋“ค.
15:33
Use shown.
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ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์šฉ๋„.
15:35
This sun shone yesterday, now in both American and British English, in the participable form
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์ด ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์–ด์ œ ๋น›๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด ์™€ ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ
15:42
it's shown.
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ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
So in the present perfect the sun has shone all day.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๋น›๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
So in American English you can say shine, shined shone.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” Shining, Shined Shined๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
Now notice how I said the Sun.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํƒœ์–‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:57
And here in the headline we have the moon.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:00
We'll talk about the other planets in a minute, but for now, remember that for Moon and Sun
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์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
16:07
you need the because there's only one it's unique, the Moon, the Sun.
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๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ, ํƒœ์–‘์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์—
16:14
Don't worry about taking all these notes because I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
16:20
You can look in the description for the link.
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๋งํฌ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:24
You know that Earth would be a dismal place without its bright shining neighbor, the Sun.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์›ƒ์ธ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•”์šธํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
So as we talked about, notice here the article the Sun.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ The Sun์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:38
But notice Earth.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:40
Earth doesn't have an article in front of it.
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์•ž์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์„
16:44
For.
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์œ„ํ•œ.
16:45
It's not the Mars, it's just Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ™”์„ฑ์ด์—์š”.
16:50
You can see Mars on a clear night.
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๋ง‘์€ ๋ฐค์—๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:53
Earth is the third planet from the sun.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค.
16:57
The because I already mentioned that, Sun and moon.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํ•ด์™€ ๋‹ฌ์ด์ฃ .
17:00
It's the sun, the moon because they're unique.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
Let's talk about dismal.
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์šฐ์šธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
17:05
This is an adjective and it means sad without hope or very bad depending on the context.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฌ๋ง์ด ์—†์ด ์Šฌํ”„๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:14
For example, you could say the weather's been dismal.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
So when I think of that, I probably think a lack of sunlight.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ–‡๋น›์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
17:22
Maybe cloudy, a little bit of rain, not very nice.
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ํ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌํ•ด
17:26
The weather's been dismal or my promotion was dismal this year.
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๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Šน์ง„์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:31
So in that sense it sounds like very bad.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:34
My promotion was very bad this year.
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์˜ฌํ•ด ๋‚˜์˜ ์Šน์ง„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜๋นด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
Earth would be a dismal place without its bright shining neighbor, the sun.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์›ƒ์ธ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•”์šธํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:46
But did you know that the moon would also be just another dull orb if not for the sun's
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํƒœ์–‘ ๊ด‘์„ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ฌ๋„ ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‘”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”
17:54
rays?
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?
17:55
The rays are where the light comes from, the rays.
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๊ด‘์„ ์€ ๋น›์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณณ, ์ฆ‰ ๊ด‘์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
So you have the ball, which can also be called an orb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ตฌ(orb)๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:05
An orb is just an object in the shape of a ball, and then the rays are the light that's
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๊ตฌ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ณต ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ๋ฌผ์ฒด์ด๊ณ  , ๊ด‘์„ ์€
18:12
coming off of the orb.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋น›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:14
That's for the sun.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:16
Now, dull.
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์ด์ œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด.
18:17
That's the opposite of bright, dull.
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๋ฐ๊ณ  ๋‘”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
You can also describe a day as, oh, it was a dull day, not very bright.
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ "์•„, ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์˜€๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
So there wasn't a lot of sun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
18:29
It was cloudy, maybe a little rainy.
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๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ํ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์น™์น™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์šฐ์šธํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฉด
18:33
I think of the weather in London, England, when I think of dull or dismal.
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์˜๊ตญ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:40
Let's talk about the sentence structure here, because notice this first sentence is you
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„
18:45
know that but in this sentence we have did.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:50
You know that when you add did.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:54
This is to form a question in the past simple.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜• ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:58
But in this case because there is no did.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
19:03
We know that this is a statement, not a question.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง„์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
So this is being phrased as a statement.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ฑ๋ช…์„œ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:10
You know that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:11
But this is a question.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
Did you know that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:16
Let's review this example.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:18
You know that I'm an English teacher.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ธ ์ค„ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ ?
19:21
This is a.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€.
19:28
So this is a question because.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
I know that this information is known, so I'm not forming it as a question, It's a statement,
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ , ์ง„์ˆ 
19:38
but I don't know if this information is known, so it's a question.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:43
Now this is not true.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:44
I'm not a piano teacher.
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์ €๋Š” ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:47
That would be really awesome if I were.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๊ต‰์žฅํ–ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ.
19:49
But I'm not.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:50
Is just an example to show you a statement followed by a question.
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์„ค๋ช…๊ณผ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:57
So you can use this to give a known fact, but then provide additional information in
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:04
the form of a question.
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.
20:07
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
20:09
The moon shines because its surface reflects light from the sun.
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๋‹ฌ์ด ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:14
So again, here we have our verb shine and the subject is moon, and that's why you have
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น›๋‚˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
20:18
this S on it.
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์ด S๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:20
The moon shines, and despite the fact that it sometimes seems to shine very brightly,
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๋‹ฌ์€ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
20:27
the moon only reflects between 3 and 12% of the sunlight that hits it.
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๋‹ฌ์€ ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ํ–‡๋น›์˜ 3~12%๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:34
OK, so let's take a look at despite the fact that notice how we have this additional information,
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์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
20:42
the fact that this is only required grammatically to form a sentence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:50
When you have despite and then a clause.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
20:54
A clause is simply a sentence.
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์ ˆ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
It has a subject and then a verb and other information.
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์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:01
An object you can't say despite it seems to shine brightly.
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๋ง ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
21:08
This is a mistake I see a lot from my students.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:11
You have to include these three words and they're only there for grammar.
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์ด ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
They don't have any meaning.
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์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:18
Let's review these sentences.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
21:20
This is the one I see from students and it's incorrect.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ณธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ธ๋ฐ ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
21:25
Despite I'm busy.
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๋ฐ”์œ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ .
21:26
I'm busy is a clause.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค(I'm busy)๋Š” ์กฐํ•ญ์ด๋‹ค.
21:29
We have a subject, a verb, and then other information.
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์ฃผ์ œ, ๋™์‚ฌ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
Despite I'm busy.
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๋ฐ”์œ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ .
21:36
I'll help you despite the fact that because you have despite and a clause, you need these
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ Even๊ณผ ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด
21:44
three additional world words.
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:47
Despite the fact that I'm busy, I'll help you.
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๋ฐ”์˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š” .
21:50
So this is the correct one.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:52
So remember that and the only purpose is grammatical.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:56
There's no meaning in those words, so make sure you remember that.
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๊ทธ ๋ง์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ผญ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด๋‘์„ธ์š”.
22:00
Are you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€?
22:01
Enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
22:02
If you are, then I want to tell you about the Finely Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด Finely Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:06
This is my premium training program where we study native English speakers from TV,
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TV,
22:12
the movies, YouTube and the news so you can improve your listening.
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:17
Skills of fast.
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๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ .
22:22
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€
22:29
You can look in the description for the link to learn more, or you can go to my website
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๋งํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ
22:34
and click on Finally, Fluent Academy.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
22:37
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ตฌ
22:40
The perceived brightness of the moon from Earth depends on where the moon is in its
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์—์„œ ์ธ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ ๊ถค๋„ ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ๊ถค๋„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:47
orbit around the planet Orbit.
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.
22:50
This is used specifically in space, and it just means a path, but a path in space.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ธธ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ธธ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:57
So the path that the moon follows.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ฌ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์€.
23:01
The moon travels once around Earth every 29.5 days, and during its journey it's lit from
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๋‹ฌ์€ 29.5์ผ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด ๋Œ๋ฉฐ , ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋‹ฌ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
23:10
varying angles by the sun.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ๋„์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:13
In this case you could say orbit instead of journey, because when you're on a journey
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ถค๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ค‘์ผ ๋•Œ
23:18
you're following a specific path and in this case the path is in space.
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ํŠน์ • ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:23
So you could say orbit this movement of the moon around the Earth.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๊ณต์ „ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:29
Do you notice something here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
23:32
The moon?
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๋‹ฌ?
23:33
We talked about this, but I said that planets in our solar system don't take articles.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:40
But right here we have the Earth.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:43
Now, for the rest of this article, you'll notice that sometimes the article says the
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
23:48
Earth, and sometimes the article says Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:52
Why is that without an article?
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์™œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‚˜์š”?
23:56
Earth represents just a planet in our solar system.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:00
For example, Earth is the third planet from the sun when you add the article.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์—์„œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:06
It represents the planet we live on, our home planet.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:11
We need to protect the Earth in this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:15
This movement of the moon around the Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
You can think of it around the Earth, our home planet and the simultaneous orbiting
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ธ ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋™์‹œ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:26
of Earth.
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.
24:27
Earth being just a planet in the solar system around the sun, remember the sun and the moon
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ์€
24:35
always take articles.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
24:37
If you're ever in doubt and you're confused, I would say always add an article for the
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์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹ฌ, ํƒœ์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:45
moon, the sun, but other planets don't take articles because it is acceptable to just
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ
24:54
say Earth, but it's also acceptable to say the Earth.
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๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ตฌ.
24:59
But it sounds odd to say the Mars and add the in front of other planets.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ™”์„ฑ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ ์•ž์— ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:06
So just remember that accounts for the moon's different phases, so the different phases
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
25:15
of the moon.
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
25:16
That is the shape of the moon when you look at it, when you see the full orb.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ , ์ „์ฒด ๊ตฌ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ
25:22
Remember an orb is a round shape when you see the full orb.
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๋•Œ ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‘ฅ๊ทผ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
25:25
We of course call that a full moon.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:28
Oh wow, look, there's a full moon tonight.
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์•„, ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์—๋Š” ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ์ด ๋œน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
1/4 moon is when you just see 1/4 of the moon.
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1/4 ๋‹ฌ์€ ๋‹ฌ์˜ 1/4๋งŒ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:36
And then they have other phases etcetera.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:40
At any given point in the moons trajectory trajectory is the path that the moon is following
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ๊ถค์  ๊ถค์ ์˜ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ๋‹ฌ ๊ถค์ ์˜
25:49
the moons trajectory at any given point in the moons trajectory around the Earth.
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ํŠน์ • ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๊ถค์ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
25:56
Now, I'll be honest, I think in this case it doesn't necessarily represent our home
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์ด์ œ ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ
26:04
planet, and I'm not sure why the article is switching between the Earth and Earth.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:11
I find it a little confusing because in my mind, in this case it sounds like we're just
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
26:16
talking about a planet in the solar system.
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:20
We're not necessarily talking about our home planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:23
So if you're a little confused why at this exact moment they chose to use the Earth,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
26:28
and in this case they didn't, I also don't find it follows a lot of logic, so don't let
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
26:36
that confuse you.
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. ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š”
26:38
At any given point in the Moon's trajectory around the Earth, only half of its surface
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ๊ถค์  ์ค‘ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๋งŒ์ด
26:44
is facing the Sun, and therefore only half of the Moon is lit up.
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ํƒœ์–‘์„ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๋งŒ์ด ๋น›์„ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:51
In this case, because it's lit up, it means it's visible.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถˆ์ด ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:54
It's visible because there is now light on it.
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์ด์ œ ๋น›์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:58
So only half of the moon is visible.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๋งŒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:01
Only half of the moon is lit up.
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๋งŒ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:03
The other half of the surface faces away from the sun and is in shadow.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์€ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž ์†์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:10
Because it's in shadow, it means you can't see it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž์— ๊ฐ€๋ ค์„œ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆ์ด
27:13
To you, it's invisible because it's not lit up although.
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์ผœ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:17
It is the same shape of course in the sky, you just can't see a specific part of it.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:24
The moon is at its brightest when it is 180 degrees away from the sun.
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๋‹ฌ์€ ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 180๋„ ๋ฉ€์–ด์งˆ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐ์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
27:31
From our perspective, picture the sun, earth and Moon in a straight line.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–‘, ์ง€๊ตฌ, ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
27:39
So when you picture they want you to imagine it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:42
So the Sun, earth, moon all in a straight line.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํƒœ์–‘, ์ง€๊ตฌ, ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ผ์ง์„ ์ƒ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:46
Sun, earth, Moon.
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ํƒœ์–‘, ์ง€๊ตฌ, ๋‹ฌ.
27:48
That is when it's the brightest.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น›๋‚  ๋•Œ๋‹ค.
27:51
At this time, the full half of the moon's surface facing the sun is illuminated.
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์ด๋•Œ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๋‹ฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋„ค์ด
27:58
Illuminate is when you make something brighter with light.
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ํŒ…(Illuminate)์€ ๋น›์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:02
So we use this a lot in festivals, holidays, parties.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ•์ œ, ๋ช…์ ˆ, ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:06
You could say the streets were illuminated.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ์•„์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
28:09
In this case to be illuminated, the streets were illuminated for the festival.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์กฐ๋ช…์„ ์ผœ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ถ•์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์กฐ๋ช…์„ ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:15
So I imagine walking down the street and there are lots and lots of lights hanging.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์กฐ๋ช…์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ค ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:21
So even if it's night time, the streets are still bright because of the lights because
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐค์ด ๋˜์–ด๋„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐํ˜€์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์กฐ๋ช… ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:27
the streets were illuminated.
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.
28:30
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
28:32
This is what's known as a full moon.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:35
I'm sure you're familiar with a full moon when the entire moon is visible.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ผ ๋•Œ ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:42
Personally, I think my favorite moon is the Crescent moon shape because I find it looks
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์€ ์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
28:48
so magical in the sky, this little sliver of the moon.
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด ์ž‘์€ ๋‹ฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:54
So what about you?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
28:55
Are you more of a full moon?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๋‚˜์š”?
28:56
A Crescent moon?
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์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ?
28:58
Put that in the comment.
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๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
28:59
You could just put the emoji or you can put the full word as well.
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์ด๋ชจํ‹ฐ์ฝ˜๋งŒ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹จ์–ด ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ
29:03
I'm sure probably more people want the full moon, but who knows, maybe other people like
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ์„ ์›ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:07
the Crescent moon just like me.
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.
29:10
So put that in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
29:11
OK, At New Moon on the other hand, This is a stage of the Moon called New Moon.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— New Moon์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ New Moon์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:18
At New Moon, on the other hand.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— New Moon์—์„œ๋Š”.
29:20
The moon isn't even visible from our vantage point.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:25
Our vantage point.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ง€์ . ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
29:26
This is another way of saying our perspective, because of course the moon is visible.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:32
It's visible in the sky, but we can't see it because of our perspective.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์— ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€์  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:39
Where we physically are and the angle at which we're trying to see it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:45
It's impossible, but it's still there.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:48
Of course, this is when the moon is between the sun and the Earth, so that the side of
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ฌ์ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
29:56
the moon reflecting sunlight is facing away from Earth.
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ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋ฉด์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:02
And this is the reason why we can't see the moon when it's in the moon phase, new moon.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ, ์ฆ‰ ์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
30:09
So if my hands were people, right now they're facing each other.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‚ด ์†์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ฃผ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
30:15
They're facing each other.
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์„œ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ฃผ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
30:18
Now this person is facing away from this person, facing each other, facing away from this person.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋“ฑ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์„œ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋“ฑ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:30
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
30:31
In the days before and after a new moon, we'll see a sliver.
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์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ ์ „ํ›„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:37
I used this word before when I was describing Crescent moon.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด์ „์— ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
30:41
A sliver is a very small amount, so let's look at this example.
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์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์–‘์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:48
Would you like some cake?
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์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋“œ์‹ค ๋ž˜์š”?
30:49
So you have a whole cake and someone can say just a sliver, A sliver.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ „์ฒด ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์กฐ๊ฐ, A ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:54
So they're telling you just a very small amount of cake.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋งŒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:58
So not even a normal portion of cake, just a sliver, a small amount of that cake.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ผ€์ดํฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ง€ ์กฐ๊ฐ, ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ผ€์ดํฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:06
In the days before and after a new moon, we'll see a sliver of the moon reflecting sunlight,
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์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ ์ „ํ›„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜
31:13
and during those times, the faint brightness of the rest of the moon.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ํฌ๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:19
Let's talk about faint.
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ํฌ๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
31:21
Faint means not strong, not clear, so faint brightness.
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ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ํฌ๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:26
The brightness was not very strong, not very clear.
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๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€๋„, ์„ ๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
31:30
So let's imagine that the color is this bright bright red.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ์ƒ‰๊น”์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ๊ณ  ๋ฐ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
31:34
But all you see is this color.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ์ƒ‰๊น”๋ฟ์ด๋‹ค.
31:37
You would say, oh, the color is very faint.
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์•„, ์ƒ‰๊น”์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฌ๋ฏธํ•ด์š”.
31:41
It's supposed to be bright red.
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๋ฐ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:43
But this is all I see.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:45
The color is very faint, not strong, not clear.
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์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
31:50
We also have a very common expression using this word, faint.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค.
31:54
I haven't the faintest idea.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:57
I haven't the faintest idea.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:59
This means I have no idea.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:03
So if someone asks you how large is the moon, you could say, oh, I haven't the faintest
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์•„, ๋‚˜๋„
32:11
idea because I don't know.
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:13
I have no idea, I haven't the faintest idea.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
32:19
Very common expression.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:21
The faint brightness of the rest of the moon, the part not brightly lit as a sliver.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ํฌ๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ, ์€์ƒ‰์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„. ์€์ƒ‰์€
32:28
Remember the sliver is the small amount of is a result of what scientists call earth
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋น›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
32:34
shine.
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.
32:35
I've never heard this before.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „์— ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:37
It's the technical term in which the moons relatively dark disk is slightly illuminated.
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋‘์šด ์›๋ฐ˜์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋น›๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:45
Remember, we know what illuminated is when it's becomes brighter because of light and
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น›์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋ฐ์•„์ง€๊ณ 
32:52
slightly means a small amount.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž‘์€ ์–‘์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ ์กฐ๋ช…์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ
32:56
You could also say faintly illuminated because it would be not strong or not clear, so I'll
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์‹ 
33:03
write that for you.
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์ ์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:04
You could say faintly, faintly illuminated, slightly illuminated by sunlight that reflects
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ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ๋ช…๋˜๊ณ , ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๋œ ํ–‡๋น›์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์กฐ๋ช…๋œ
33:12
off of Earth, then off the moon and back to our eyes.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:18
So this is the process of earth shine.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:21
I've never heard that before, so if you don't quite understand what this means, don't worry.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
33:26
It's quite a technical term I personally don't quite understand.
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
33:30
It either, so we could say together.
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:32
Oh, I haven't the faintest idea what earth shine is.
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์•„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋น›์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
33:37
If I read this some more a few more times and think about it, I'm sure it will become
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์ด ๊ธ€์„ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ์ฝ๊ณ  ๊ณฐ๊ณฐ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ถ„๋ช… ๋”
33:44
clearer to me.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:45
But right now I can say I haven't the faintest idea what earth shine is.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋น›์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:50
And that's the end of our article.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:54
So what I'll do now is I'll read the article from start to finish, and this time you can
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š”
33:58
focus on my pronunciation.
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์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:00
Let's do that now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
34:02
Why does the moon shine?
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๋‹ฌ์€ ์™œ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
34:05
You know that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:06
Earth would be a dismal place without its bright shining neighbor, the sun.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์›ƒ์ธ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•”์šธํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
34:11
But did you know that the moon would also be just another dull orb if not for the sun's
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํƒœ์–‘ ๊ด‘์„ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ฌ๋„ ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‘”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”
34:17
rays?
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?
34:18
The moon shines because its surface reflects light from the sun, and despite the fact that
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๋‹ฌ์ด ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
34:23
it sometimes seems to shine very brightly, the moon reflects only between 3 and 12% of
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ์€ ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ํ–‡๋น›์˜ 3~12%๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
34:30
the sunlight that hits it.
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. ์ง€๊ตฌ
34:33
The perceived brightness of the moon from Earth depends on where the moon is in its
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์—์„œ ์ธ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ๊ถค๋„์— ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
34:38
orbit around the planet.
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.
34:40
The moon travels once around Earth every 29.5 days, and during his journey it's lit from
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๋‹ฌ์€ 29.5์ผ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด ๋Œ๋ฉฐ , ๋‹ฌ์ด ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
34:47
varying angles by the sun.
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ํƒœ์–‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ๋„์—์„œ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:50
This movement of the moon around the Earth and the simultaneous orbiting of Earth around
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ๊ณผ ํƒœ์–‘ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋™์‹œ ๊ณต์ „์€
34:55
the sun accounts for the moon's different phases.
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:59
Full moon, quarter moon, etcetera.
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๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ, ๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋‹ฌ ๋“ฑ. ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š”
35:02
At any given point in the Moon's trajectory around the Earth, only half of its surface
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ๊ถค์  ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ์ง€์ ์—์„œ๋“  ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๋งŒ์ด
35:07
is facing the sun, and therefore only half of the moon is lit up.
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ํƒœ์–‘์„ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๋งŒ์ด ๋น›์„ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:12
The other half of the surface faces away from the Sun and is in shadow.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์€ ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž ์†์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:17
The moon is at its brightest when it is 180 degrees away from the sun from our perspective.
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๋‹ฌ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ํƒœ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 180๋„ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:24
Picture the sun, Earth and moon in a straight line.
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ํƒœ์–‘, ์ง€๊ตฌ, ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ผ์ง์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
35:27
At this time, the full half of the moon's surface facing the sun is illuminated and
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์ด๋•Œ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„
35:33
is visible from Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:35
This is what's known as a full moon at New Moon.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ New Moon์˜ ๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
35:40
On the other hand, the moon isn't even visible from our vantage point.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
35:45
This is when the moon is between the sun and the Earth, so that the side of the moon reflecting
505
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๋‹ฌ์ด ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์–ด ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋ฉด์ด
35:50
sunlight is facing away from Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ์„ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:53
In the days before and after a new moon, we'll see a sliver of the moon reflecting sunlight.
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์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ ์ „ํ›„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:00
And during those times, the faint brightness of the rest of the moon.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:04
The part not brightly lit as a sliver is a result of what scientists call earthshine,
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์€์ƒ‰์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ด‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:11
in which the moon's relatively dark disk is slightly illuminated by sunlight that reflects
510
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๋‹ฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋‘์šด ์›๋ฐ˜์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๋œ ํ–‡๋น›์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋น„์ถฐ์ง€๊ณ 
36:17
off of Earth, then off the moon and back to our eyes.
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, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๋˜์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:22
Now we're going to keep expanding your vocabulary, and you're going to learn advanced phrasal
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰
36:29
verbs.
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:30
These phrasal verbs are.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:31
Commonly used in a more academic and professional environment.
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๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•™๋ฌธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
36:36
So now you're going to learn the top 10 academic phrasal.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ์œ„ 10๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
36:41
Verbs to.
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๋™์‚ฌ.
36:42
Put forth, this is used when you present or propose.
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Put out, ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
36:48
An idea, argument, or theory for consideration.
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๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ์ฃผ์žฅ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:52
For example, the scholar put forth an intriguing hypothesis regarding cultural evolution.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ ํ•™์ž๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ง„ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:00
In this case, when you say, she put forth this hypothesis.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์„ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:07
It means she presented it, she proposed it, and it suggests there's going to be consideration.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ณ ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
37:15
Is this a good hypothesis?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ€์„ค์ธ๊ฐ€?
37:17
Is this a bad hypothesis?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฐ€์„ค์ธ๊ฐ€?
37:19
And why?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ?
37:20
So they'll discuss it and decide.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์„ธ์šธ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜
37:23
Let's talk about the verb conjugation of the verb to put forth.
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๋™์‚ฌ ํ™œ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
37:29
So the phrasal verb is to put forth.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ~์„ ๋‚ด๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:31
But with phrasal verbs, you only conjugate the verb.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋งŒ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
37:35
Here the verb is.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:40
Is.
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์ด๋‹ค.
37:44
She put forth a hypothesis and the past participle is put.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์„ธ์› ๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:54
She's already put forth, she has put forth.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:59
So notice those 3 conjugations are put.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์ด ์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
38:03
It's the time reference or the context of the sentence that will make it obvious if
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38:08
it is the base verb, the past simple or the present perfect to bring about.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€, ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ธ์ง€, ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:15
This is used to say that.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
38:16
Something causes or initiates a change, a result or an outcome, for example.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:24
This study aims to bring about a shift in public perception of environmental issues.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
38:31
So in this case, they want to bring about a shift in public perception, so they want
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
38:38
to initiate a change in the public perception.
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๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:43
To draw on this is when you use or refer to existing knowledge or sources.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ง€์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:51
For example, the author drew on.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ €์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:54
Previous studies to support the proposed hypothesis O if the author drew on the previous studies,
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์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” O ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ โ€‹โ€‹๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ
39:03
it means.
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์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:04
The author used the information in those previous studies or refer to the information in those
546
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์ €์ž๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
39:12
previous studies.
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.
39:13
So.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ.
39:14
Simply use.
549
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
39:15
The information and notice here it's an irregular verb.
550
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ฃผ์˜์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:20
The author drew on.
551
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์ž‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:22
That's the past simple.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:25
So the author draws on.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €์ž๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:28
That's the present simple.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:29
The author drew on.
555
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์ž‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:31
That's the past simple and the author.
556
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ด๊ณ  ์ €์ž์ด๋‹ค.
39:34
Has drawn on.
557
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๊ทธ๋ ค ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:37
That's the present perfect.
558
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:39
So draw, drew drawn.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋ผ, ๊ทธ๋ ค๋ผ.
39:42
To flesh out this is to fully develop an idea, and you do that by providing more information,
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์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด,
39:51
details or explanations.
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ •๋ณด ๋˜๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:53
For example, the next chapter of the thesis will flesh out the theoretical framework.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์  ํ‹€์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:01
If I read this then I know.
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์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:03
Know that the next chapter will provide more information about the theoretical framework.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์  ํ‹€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
40:11
I'll know that right now I don't really know what the theoretical framework is, but that's
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด๋ก ์  ํ‹€์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
40:17
OK, because the next chapter will flesh it out.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
40:20
In the next chapter I'll have a lot more information, Perhaps there'll be some examples, there'll
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๋‹ค์Œ ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
40:27
be better descriptions.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:29
So in the next chapter, all my questions about the theoretical framework framework will be
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์  ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
40:35
answered, because the author is going to flesh it out to bear on this means to be relevant
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. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €์ž๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
40:42
or applicable to a situation or an argument.
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.
40:46
For example, these findings bear on the ongoing debate on educational policies.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:54
So if these findings bear on the ongoing debate, it means that the findings are relevant to
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
41:04
the ongoing debate or that you can apply these findings to the ongoing debate.
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:11
So basically, they're useful.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ผญ
41:13
It's useful information to have to bear on.
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์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:18
This is also an irregular verb, so the base verb is bare.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ ์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:24
The past simple is bore, the findings bore on the ongoing debate, and the past participle
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
41:34
is born.
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ํƒ„์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ
41:35
The findings have borne on the ongoing debate to back up.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
41:42
This is when you provide evidence, support or validation for a claim or argument.
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์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ, ์ง€์› ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
41:48
For example, the statistical data backs up the researcher's assertions about demographic
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ์ถ”์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
41:56
trends.
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.
41:57
So here if.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋ฉด.
41:58
The data backs up the researcher's assertions.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:03
It means the data supports what the researcher said or thought.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
42:11
It supports it, and generally, if you're making a claim, it's always useful to have the data,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ, ์ฆ๊ฑฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
42:19
the evidence, or the information to back that claim up to support that claim.
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.
42:26
To build on this is when you develop or expand on existing theories, ideas or concepts.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ด๋ก , ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:36
For example, the new theory builds on previous research in cognitive psychology.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋ก ์€ ์ธ์ง€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์˜ ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:44
So if this new theory builds on previous research, it means that the new theory expands this
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋ก ์ด ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋ก ์ด
42:52
previous research so it provides more information, or perhaps new information, but on the same
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์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
43:00
topic as before, cognitive psychology.
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์ด์ „๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ์ธ์ง€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:04
To carry out this simply means to do or to complete.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
43:10
Something for example, the research team carried out a study involving 100 participants.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€ 100๋ช…์˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:19
This sounds more advanced than simply saying the research team completed a study.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
43:25
They carried out a study.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:27
It means the same thing, but by saying carried out you sound more advanced to touch on.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข€ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:34
This means to briefly mention a topic or an idea without going.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ œ๋‚˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
43:42
Into the details.
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ.
43:44
For example, my presentation will touch on the key findings of our recent study.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:52
So you can expect that this presentation will briefly discuss the findings of the recent
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜
43:59
study, but it will not go.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:01
Into the details, tails, so it won't flesh it out.
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ, ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
44:07
It won't flesh out the recent findings.
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:10
It will only touch on them.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:13
So it will mention them briefly, or it will mention what the finding is, but it won't
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
44:18
explain how that finding was developed, or the implications of that finding, or what
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”, ๋˜๋Š”
44:24
they're going to do next because of that finding.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ž‘์—…์€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:28
It will only touch on it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:30
To dwell on this is to focus extensively on a specific topic or idea or aspect.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ๋‚˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์— ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:40
For example, the author does not dwell on the importance of environmental regulation.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €์ž๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:48
So this means that the the author doesn't focus extensively on environmental regulation
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ
44:56
or the importance of environmental regulation.
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๋‚˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:59
So it's possible that the author touches on the importance of environmental regulation,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
45:06
mentions it briefly, but it's not something that is discussed in detail.
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๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋…ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:12
Now you have 10 academic phrasal verbs that will help you sound very advanced, very fluent
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์ด์ œ
45:19
when you're communicating in an academic environment or a business environment or even in an everyday
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ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ
45:26
social environment.
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์‚ฌํšŒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” 10๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:28
So how about we quiz you to see how well you know these phrasal?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š” ?
45:33
Verbs here are the questions.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:36
Hit, pause, take as much time as you need, and when you're ready, hit play to see the
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๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ž ์‹œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ
45:44
answers.
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๋‹ต์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
45:46
So how did you do with that quiz?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ’€์—ˆ์–ด์š”?
45:49
Well, let's find out.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์•Œ์•„ ๋ณด์ž.
45:50
Here are the answers.
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:52
Hit pause, compare your answers to mine, and when you're ready, hit play.
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์ผ์‹œ ์ •์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋‹ต๋ณ€๊ณผ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ํ›„ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
46:01
So how did you do on that quiz?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
46:03
Make sure you share your score in the comments and leave an example sentence with your favorite
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
46:10
phrasal.
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.
46:14
This article is on a completely different topic,
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์ด ๊ธ€์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ
46:23
so you're going to learn completely different vocabulary, see different grammatical structures,
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
46:29
and you'll also keep improving your pronunciation as well.
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๋ฐœ์Œ๋„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:33
So let's read the article together.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
46:36
1st I'll read the headline Fred the pig caught after mischief rampage.
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๋จผ์ € ์žฅ๋‚œ์„ ์น˜๊ณ  ๋‚œ ๋’ค ๋ถ™์žกํžŒ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:42
So in this picture it looks like this is Fred the pig and he was caught after mischief rampage.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋‚œ์„ ์น˜๊ณ  ๋‚œ ๋’ค ๋ถ™์žกํžŒ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:52
First I want you to notice my pronunciation here.
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๋จผ์ € ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:55
Mischief.
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์žฅ๋‚œ.
46:56
Jeff Jeff Mischief.
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์ œํ”„ ์ œํ”„ ์žฅ๋‚œ.
46:59
So here you don't hear this E sound because we do have a word that you may be familiar
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” E ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ต์ˆ™ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”
47:05
were with which is chief, chief.
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Chief, Chief๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:09
Same spelling at this end, but this here is a long E sound EFF chief.
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์ด ๋ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฒ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ธด E ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ EFF ์น˜ํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:17
But here you don't hear that long E and it's just like if you were saying if mischief,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธด E โ€‹โ€‹์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์žฅ๋‚œ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์žฅ๋‚œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
47:24
mischief.
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.
47:26
So notice that pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
47:28
And what exactly is mischief?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žฅ๋‚œ์ด๋ž€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
47:30
Mischief essentially means bad behavior.
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์žฅ๋‚œ์€ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:34
Bad behavior.
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๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™.
47:36
We use this a lot with children.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:38
Of course, the children got into mischief while I was working.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๋‚œ์„ ์ณค๋‹ค .
47:45
Now let's talk about rampage.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
47:48
Rampage.
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๋‚  ๋›ฐ๊ธฐ.
47:49
What is this?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
47:51
This is OK.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:54
This is when you go through an area.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:58
And you do that making a lot of noise and causing damage.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์†Œ์Œ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜๊ณ  ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:04
So this pig went through an area, and as he was going around, he was either making noise
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ ์†Œ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
48:12
or causing damage or doing both of those at the same time.
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ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:18
That would describe a rampage, A mischief rampage.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚œ๋™, ์žฅ๋‚œ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋‚œ๋™์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
48:23
Now notice the sentence structure.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
48:25
Fred the pig caught.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žกํ˜”์–ด์š”.
48:27
After mischief rampage, Now what do you notice about this part of the sentence?
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์žฅ๋‚œ์ด ๋‚œ๋ฌดํ•œ ํ›„, ์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ๋‚˜์š”?
48:35
Is this an active sentence or a passive sentence?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Šฅ๋™๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์ˆ˜๋™๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
48:40
It might be difficult for you to identify this because in headlines of newspaper articles
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์‹ ๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ
48:48
or short stories, they often omit certain words that are only there grammatically.
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๋‚˜ ๋‹จํŽธ ์†Œ์„ค์˜ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
48:54
So in this case, to identify the passive, you would normally see the verb to be, because
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ be ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
49:00
that's the correct grammatical structure.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:03
Now correct grammar would be Fred the pig was caught after mischief rampage.
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์ด์ œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์€ Fred the pig wascheded after ์žฅ๋‚œ ๋‚œ๋™์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:09
But native speakers understand the sentence structure without the auxiliary verb, and
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด๋„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ ,
49:15
headlines and short story titles always try to be as short as possible, and they do that
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์ œ๋ชฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹จํŽธ ์ œ๋ชฉ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„
49:21
by omitting these words that are there for grammar.
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์œ„ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
49:24
But not essential to understand the meaning but the sentence structure.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:29
If you were writing this in any other context, you in need was caught the past simple of
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, you in need ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด ํฌ์ฐฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
49:35
the verb to be.
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.
49:37
Now that's our passive sentence.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:39
If you wanted to turn this into an active sentence, what could you say?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
49:45
Think about that.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
49:46
Fred the pig was caught.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žกํ˜”์–ด์š”.
49:48
Well, we don't know who caught Fred the pig, but we could just say people, because I don't
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
49:58
know who the subject is, people.
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.
50:00
Or maybe officials caught Fred the pig.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ด ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:06
Now this.
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์ด์ œ ์ด.
50:07
Is our active sentence because the subject is doing the action where in this case Fred
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
50:13
the pig is receiving the action.
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๋ผ์ง€ Fred๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋™ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:17
So this is our active sentence and this is our passive sentence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Šฅ๋™๋ฌธ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜ ๋™๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:24
I wrote that there for you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:26
And don't worry about writing all these notes down because I summarize everything in a free
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ ์–ด ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
50:30
lesson PDF so you can look in the description for the link.
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.
50:35
Now let's continue and learn about Fred's mischief rampage After numerous complaints.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋œ ํ›„ Fred์˜ ์žฅ๋‚œ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋‚œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:45
Numerous is another way of saying, many after numerous complaints, after many complaints.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์ดํ›„, ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:53
And a complaint is when you see something negative.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
50:57
So if you went to a restaurant and you didn't like the food and then you told.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์— ๊ฐ”๋”๋‹ˆ ์Œ์‹์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:05
The the server?
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์„œ๋ฒ„์š”?
51:06
The waiter.
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์›จ์ดํ„ฐ.
51:07
This isn't very good.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:09
You are making a complaint, making a complaint.
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๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ํ† ๋กœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ํ† ๋กœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:14
So that's the verb that goes with the noun complaint.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆํ‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
51:17
I made a complaint about the food.
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์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:24
Now complain is the verb form, and this I'll complaint.
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์ด์ œ ๋ถˆํ‰์€ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:31
That's a noun.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:32
As a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ. ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ ์ดํ›„์—
51:33
Notice it has an article in our sentence here, after numerous complaints.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
51:37
There's no article because you don't use an article when it's a plural noun.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
51:41
But if you were to use the verb form, I complained about the food.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
51:51
So when you dislike something or you have a negative experience and you make that known
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„
51:56
to someone, you are making a complaint.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ฆด ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ถˆํ‰์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:00
Or you are.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:02
Complaining the noun form or the verb form.
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๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ด๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌํ˜•์„ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:06
After numerous complaints of mischief, we know what this means and the pronunciation.
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์žฅ๋‚œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋œ ํ›„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์™€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:11
Remember, mischief is simply bad behavior.
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์žฅ๋‚œ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
52:14
Mischief Jeff Mischief in the city of Aurora, a ยฃ400 LB.
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์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ์‹œ์˜ ์žฅ๋‚œ Jeff Mischief, ยฃ400 LB.
52:22
This is the short form to identify pound a ยฃ400 culprit.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋‹น ยฃ400 ๋ฒ”์ธ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
52:29
Culprit.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž.
52:30
Well, what or who is a culprit?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฒ”์ธ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
52:34
Well, Fred the Pig is the culprit.
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์Œ, Fred the Pig๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:39
And a culprit is someone, or in this case, something a pig who has done something wrong.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฒ”์ธ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•œ ๋ผ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:47
A ยฃ400 culprit, Fred the Pig has finally been caught loitering outside a shopping center.
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ยฃ400์˜ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ธ Fred the Pig๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:58
Now in this case it is still the passive voice because the culprit who is Fred the pig is
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ธ์ธ ๋ผ์ง€ Fred๊ฐ€
53:05
receiving the action.
719
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๋™์ž‘์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:09
And they're not.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:10
The story isn't focusing on who caught Fred the Pig, which is why we don't even know who
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ Fred the Pig๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€
53:16
caught Fred the Pig.
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Fred the Pig๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:18
And that's why I had to just write people or officials, because that's not the purpose
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋งŒ ์จ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
53:23
of the story.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
53:24
The purpose of the story is learning about how Fred the pig was caught.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์žกํ˜”๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:30
A ยฃ400 culprit has finally been caught loitering outside a shopping center.
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ยฃ400์˜ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ด ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๋‹ค ์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:38
Let's talk about this verb to loiter.
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loiter๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
53:42
Loiter is the verb.
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Loiter๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:44
Notice that pronunciation Oy oy, loy, loiter, loiter, loiter.
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๋ฐœ์Œ Oy oy, loy, loiter, loiter, loiter๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
53:51
Now, when you loiter, you stay in a public place.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
53:55
This could be a mall, a restaurant.
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์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:59
A school without an obvious reason to be there.
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๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ํ•™๊ต.
54:04
Well, what's the obvious?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?
54:06
Reason to be at a mall to purchase something.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ด์œ .
54:10
But oftentimes younger people, and maybe older people as well, will go to the mall as a form
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ข…์ข… ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋“ค๋„ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์— ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ
54:18
of an activity, but they have no intention of buying something.
736
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ด ์˜๋„๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:23
They don't even have any money, but they're in the mall and they're just staying there.
737
3263140
5959
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ˆ๋„ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
54:29
So they're taking up space.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:31
Maybe they're making noise, disturbing people and they're not actually customers because
739
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์†Œ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
54:36
they are not buying anything.
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.
54:39
So in that case, those people are loitering.
741
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3340
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:42
And a lot of public places like malls, schools will have a sign that says no loitering, which
742
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ, ํ•™๊ต์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ณต ์žฅ์†Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฐฐํšŒ ๊ธˆ์ง€ ํ‘œ์ง€ํŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š”
54:50
is telling you unless you're here to buy something.
743
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:55
I don't want you here and you shouldn't be here, which makes sense because you shouldn't
744
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8839
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:04
go to a location unless you plan to buy something, right?
745
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ด ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์—†๋Š” ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ง์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
55:09
From the mall's perspective.
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์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ.
55:11
Personally, I also go to the mall sometimes with friends without the intent of buying
747
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋„ ๊ฐ€๋” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‡ผํ•‘ํ•  ์ƒ๊ฐ ์—†์ด ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
55:19
something, so in that case I am loitering.
748
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, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋• ์–ด์Šฌ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:23
But this pig, Fred the Pig, has finally been caught loitering outside a shopping center.
749
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5369
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์–ด์Šฌ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค ๋ถ™์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:28
So this looks like, perhaps it's the shopping center.
750
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‡ผํ•‘ ์„ผํ„ฐ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:32
And obviously he has no reason to be there, so he's loitering.
751
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5831
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:37
Fred the Pig was loitering.
752
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
55:41
All right, let's continue.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž.
55:44
Officials say Fred, who dodged them for several days.
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5270
๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ Fred๊ฐ€ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
55:49
Let's talk about the verb dodge.
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๋™์‚ฌ dodge์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
55:51
This is a great verb to have in your vocabulary.
756
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:55
When you dodge, dodge, odge.
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ํ”ผํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ํ”ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
55:59
When you dodge something or someone you avoid, you avoid that something.
758
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6500
๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
56:06
I'll add or someone, because it's very common to dodge someone.
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๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
56:11
And why do you avoid that?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
56:13
Something or someone, usually because.
761
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€, ๋ณดํ†ต ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด.
56:16
If you get.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ป์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
56:17
That something or that someone, it will be unpleasant in some way.
763
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๊ทธ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:24
So Fred the pig dodged them.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ง€ Fred๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:29
So in this case, it's officials.
765
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1960
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:31
The officials who were trying to catch him.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žก์œผ๋ ค๋˜ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค.
56:35
Fred the pig dodged.
767
3395170
1970
๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
56:37
Officials avoided officials.
768
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2060
๊ณต๋ฌด์›์€ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์„ ํ”ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:39
Why?
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์™œ?
56:40
Because if the officials caught him, he would be in danger.
770
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์žก์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:46
Potentially.
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1000
์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ.
56:47
Of course, that's what the pig would think.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ผ์ง€๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
56:50
Now, this is a very common word that you can use in your speech.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
56:56
For example, I've been dodging my boss's phone calls.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
57:00
So this is the exact same thing as saying I've been avoiding avoiding my boss's phone
775
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฑด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•ด์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™๋‹ค
57:08
calls.
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.
57:09
So my phone rings.
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1000
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์šธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:10
I look at it, it's my boss, and I press silence or decline.
778
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7530
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ , ๋‚˜๋Š” ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
57:18
Or I just let it ring.
779
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2080
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:20
That's how I dodge my bosses phone calls.
780
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค.
57:23
Why would I do that?
781
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ง“์„ ์™œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์–ด?
57:24
Because if I talk to my boss something unpleasant is going to happen.
782
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4811
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
57:29
Maybe I did a bad job with the report and I know my boss is mad about the report, so
783
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
57:36
if I pick up that call he's just going to say Jennifer, why did you do that report like
784
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:41
that?
785
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1000
57:42
And is going to be unpleasant for me, so obviously I want to avoid.
786
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:47
That I want to dodge that.
787
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.
57:52
Officials say Fred, who dodged them for several days, is always hungry and loves his belly
788
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7150
๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•œ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
57:59
scratches.
789
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.
58:00
So this is scratch and then his belly.
790
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3799
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธํžŒ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:04
I don't know if you have any pets.
791
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2131
์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ์‹œ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:06
Do you have any pets?
792
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1480
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
58:07
So notice that's how you would ask that.
793
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2580
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
58:10
Do you have any pets?
794
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1470
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
58:11
I'll write this for you.
795
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:14
Do you have any pets?
796
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1340
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
58:16
A very common question to ask and to answer.
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๋ฌป๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:20
You can say I have and then whatever your pets are, I have two cats, a dog, a bird and
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๊ฐ„์—, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐœ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ, ์ƒˆ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
58:27
a ยฃ400 pig for example.
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ยฃ400 ๋ผ์ง€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:30
Or you can simply say no I don't.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:32
Or you might talk about a pet you had in the past.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ‚ค์› ๋˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
58:36
I had a dog.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
58:38
But now I don't have any pets.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
58:40
Technically, you don't even need to say this because if you said I had a dog because this
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์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— I had a dog์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ํ•„์š”์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
58:46
verb is in the past.
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.
58:48
I know now you don't, but I'm just showing you if you wanted to expand on your answer.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:56
So share your answer to this question in the comments below.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
59:00
Do you have any pets?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
59:03
And this is true for me.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋‹น๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:04
I have two cats.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:06
I have two cats.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:08
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
59:09
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
59:10
Share that in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฅผ
59:13
It took about 8 people and five hours to capture him.
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๋ถ™์žก๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” ์•ฝ 8๋ช…์ด 5์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋‹ค .
59:19
Capture is another way of saying catch, capture, catch.
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์บก์ฒ˜๋Š” ์žก๊ธฐ, ์บก์ฒ˜, ์žก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
59:24
And you can use capture specifically with animals.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์บก์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
59:29
They now hope to find his forever home, his forever home.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘, ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
59:34
So in this case, forever is being used as an adjective to describe the type of home.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ง‘์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ Forever๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:40
And you see this a lot now when animal shelters are trying to to find homes for their animals.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์š”์ฆ˜ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:50
They might have these really adorable pictures of a cat or a puppy or a pig apparently, and
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€, ๋ผ์ง€์˜ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
59:56
say.
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:58
Fred is looking for his forever home, which means that they want someone to adopt Fred
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Fred๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ Fred๋ฅผ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
60:08
permanently.
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.
60:10
Notice how adopt is used with animals.
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์ž…์–‘์ด ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
60:14
You're probably familiar with the verb adopt for children.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ž…์–‘์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
60:18
You can adopt A child if you're unable to have children of your own or simply because
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
60:24
you want to.
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์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:25
You can adopt A child, but you can also adopt A pet.
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
60:30
And obviously when you adopt A child is a permanent situation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:34
So that's why they're using this verb as well, 'cause they want you to know that when you
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
60:39
take this dog home with you, that's a permanent situation.
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์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:44
That dog now has his forever home.
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๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:48
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
60:50
City officials first became aware of Fred on September 24th when they received a call
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์‹œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค์€ 9์›” 24์ผ
60:57
about a pig that was tearing up a person's yard.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์ฐข๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ Fred๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:01
All right, let's talk about the phrasal verb to tear.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, to Tear๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
61:05
Up In this context, tear up means cause damage to because they're talking about a person's
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Up ์ด ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ, Tear up์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
61:14
yard.
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.
61:15
A yard is the area in front of one's house or behind one's house where there's grass,
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๋งˆ๋‹น์€ ์ง‘ ์•ž ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘ ๋’คํŽธ์— ํ’€,
61:26
trees, flowers.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด, ๊ฝƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:29
That's your yard.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:30
You can have your front yard or your backyard, or you can simply say yard.
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์•ž๋งˆ๋‹น์ด๋‚˜ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งˆ๋‹น์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:36
So yard, grass, flowers, trees, bushes and then if he was tearing it up maybe he was
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งˆ๋‹น, ํ’€, ๊ฝƒ, ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ๋ค๋ถˆ์„ ์ฐข์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„
61:44
digging a hole.
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๊ตฌ๋ฉ์„ ํŒŒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:46
He was eating the flower so he was causing damage to that person's yard.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฝƒ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์— ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:51
Now a tear up can also be used with a piece of paper.
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์ด์ œ ์ฐข์–ด์ง์„ ์ข…์ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
61:55
Right now I'm tearing up this piece of paper.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐข๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:59
I'm taking a whole piece of paper and it's going into smaller pieces, so that's to tear
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข…์ด ํ•œ ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ชผ๊ฐค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
62:04
up in the sense of a piece of paper.
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์ข…์ด ํ•œ ์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ์ฐข์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:08
Now look at this sentence and notice my pronunciation.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
62:13
First notice is the exact same spelling as we just saw here for tear up a person's yard
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฃผ์˜ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐข๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น
62:19
or tear up a piece of paper.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ฐข๊ธฐ ์ข…์ด ์กฐ๊ฐ.
62:22
But listen to the pronunciation, I teared.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
62:26
Up ear.
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๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ผ.
62:28
So I wrote it out phonetically for you ear.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ท€์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ ์–ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:31
So that long E sound I teared up when I watched the sad movie, I teared up.
857
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜ ๊ทธ ๊ธด E ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
62:38
Oh so when you tear up you get tears in your eyes.
858
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์•„, ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ณ ์ด๋Š”๊ตฐ์š” .
62:44
I tear it up when I watched the sad movie.
859
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3050
์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
62:47
I always tear up when I watch sad movies.
860
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3200
์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋Š˜ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
62:50
You don't want to watch a sad movie with me because I.
861
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2540
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š”
62:53
Always tear up.
862
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1879
ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:55
OK, so notice that same exact same phrasal verb, but different pronunciation and different
863
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7261
์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๊ณผ
63:02
meanings.
864
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1000
์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
63:03
But the context will make it obvious.
865
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2739
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:06
It's not possible that tears were produced in this person's yard, so it doesn't make
866
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6921
์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์—์„œ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ํ˜๋ €๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ,
63:13
sense that this would be tear up.
867
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฐข์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ง์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:15
So it's always the context that will make it obvious.
868
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
63:19
So a pig that was tearing up, causing damage to a person's yard, the area in front of their
869
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6181
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ฐข์–ด์ ธ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น,
63:25
house or behind their house with grass, trees, flowers, bushes, shrubs, a fence.
870
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์ง‘ ์•ž์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘ ๋’ค์˜ ์ž”๋””, ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ๊ฝƒ, ๊ด€๋ชฉ, ๊ด€๋ชฉ, ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ์— ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:32
But when animal officers arrived on the scene, they were not able to find him.
871
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7760
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋‹น๊ตญ์ด ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
63:40
More calls came in the next day.
872
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3520
๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:43
Notice you need the for next day, the next day.
873
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5041
๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ , ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š” .
63:48
Sometimes I see students forget the and they just say next day more calls came in the next
874
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5550
๊ฐ€๋” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
63:54
day, this time about a pig in.
875
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8169
. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:02
Then another call about a pig that was ruining someone's landscaping.
876
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6341
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ง์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
64:08
Landscaping is what you do to a yard to make it beautiful.
877
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์กฐ๊ฒฝ์€ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
64:16
So landscaping is when you add flowers, a garden, trees in specific areas, some decorative
878
3856330
9029
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ๊ฒฝ์€ ๊ฝƒ, ์ •์›, ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ์žฅ์‹์šฉ
64:25
rocks and other decor to make your yard beautiful.
879
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6101
๋ฐ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์žฅ์‹์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:31
That is called landscaping.
880
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2490
์กฐ๊ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:33
Now, this pig, Fred the pig.
881
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3960
์ž, ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:37
Oh, that Fred the pig.
882
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1800
์•„, ๊ทธ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ.
64:39
He was ruining to ruin.
883
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2629
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
64:42
Ruin is also when you cause damage too.
884
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5051
ํŒŒ๋ฉธ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํž ๋•Œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:47
But if you describe something as ruined, it means that the damage was permanent and you
885
3887390
7899
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ง์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ
64:55
can't save it, so it's no longer useful.
886
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์ €์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:01
So permanent damage to something so tear up to me sounds less severe.
887
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์†์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ฐข์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:08
The amount of damage is about here, but ruin the amount of damage is here.
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ํ”ผํ•ด๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ด ์ •๋„์ธ๋ฐ, ํŒŒ๋ฉธ ํ”ผํ•ด๋Ÿ‰์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ฏค์ด๋‹ค.
65:17
So to cause permanent damage to something, I'll write that for you.
889
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ธ€์„ ์จ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:23
Let's continue.
890
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
65:24
He was then spotted again.
891
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3330
๊ทธ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:28
When you spot something or someone, it means you identify them.
892
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7950
๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:36
You identify them by seeing that person or that something visibly.
893
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7800
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ฒŒ ๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:43
So let's say you're at a conference and there are many, many people, but then all of a sudden
894
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์ž, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ
65:49
you spot your colleague.
895
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3171
๋™๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:52
Oh, I spotted Joan.
896
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3380
์•„, ์กฐ์•ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
65:56
My colleague Joan.
897
3956140
1000
๋‚ด ๋™๋ฃŒ ์กฐ์•ˆ.
65:57
I spotted Joan.
898
3957140
1760
๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
65:58
So you were able to identify Joan in this large area of many other people.
899
3958900
12810
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ Joan์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
66:11
Here's another example with SPOT.
900
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2760
SPOT์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:14
Can you spot the mistake in this report?
901
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4280
์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
66:18
So again, can you identify the mistake?
902
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2460
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
66:21
Can you see it?
903
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1099
๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
66:22
Can you notice it?
904
3982309
1161
๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
66:23
But the important part is, and I wrote it here for it for you, it's because you're trying
905
3983470
5220
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ด ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
66:28
to.
906
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1000
.
66:29
So I was trying to identify Joan in the crowd.
907
3989690
4540
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ค‘ ์†์—์„œ Joan์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:34
I was trying to spot Joan.
908
3994230
2200
๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
66:36
And you're reading a report carefully because you're trying to identify to spot the mistake.
909
3996430
8130
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
66:44
So you're trying to do this.
910
4004560
1989
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—
66:46
It's not just things you see because they're around you.
911
4006549
5230
์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . Spot์„
66:51
You have to be trying to identify it to use Spot.
912
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4431
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์‹๋ณ„์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
66:56
He was then spotted again three days later on September 27th.
913
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5100
์ดํ›„ 3์ผ ๋’ค์ธ 9์›” 27์ผ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ๋๋‹ค.
67:01
So this makes sense because they're trying to see Notice identify Fred the Pig in the
914
4021310
6840
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฅธ ์•„์นจ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์— ๊ณต์ง€์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
67:08
early morning hours.
915
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2820
.
67:10
This time Fred was in a position where he could be captured, captured again.
916
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” Fred๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถ™์žกํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:16
Remember, we can use caught, which this article has used quite a lot as well, where he could
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ catch๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์žกํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
67:23
be captured, caught, Miss Allen said.
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Miss Allen์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:27
Still, it was no easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:32
Notice the sentence structure here, because to make this negative, generally we don't
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
67:36
just add no before something in English.
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ ์•ž์— no๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:41
Generally you need an auxiliary verb.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:43
Still, it's wasn't an easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:50
This is the standard way to make something negative.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
67:56
Was not was not an easy task.
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์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:01
And then the contraction of was not which native speakers very commonly used.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
68:06
Is wasn't.
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์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:07
It wasn't an easy task.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:10
This to say, it was no easy task.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
68:14
This is an alternative structure that we use mainly to emphasize the negative, so I wanna
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋”
68:23
make it sound stronger.
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๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:25
If I just say, oh, it wasn't an easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„, ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
68:28
It was no easy task.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:31
It's more forceful to emphasize that no, it wasn't an easy task.
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:37
It was no easy task.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:41
So you could say maybe learning English was no easy task until I found Jennifer's videos.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ
68:56
Learning English was no easy task until I found Jennifer's videos.
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์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
69:02
And now hopefully it is an easy task.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:06
Was no easy task, was not an easy thing to do.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
69:10
So feel free to put this in the comments if you agree that now it's easier because you
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ
69:16
have my lessons to help you.
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์ œ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์ œ ์ž‘์—…์ด ๋” ์‰ฌ์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
69:18
And by putting this in the comments, you're practicing this alternative sentence structure,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด ์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š”
69:23
so put that in the comments.
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๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋„ฃ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ
69:25
Learning English was no easy task until I found Jennifer.
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์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
69:30
'S videos, all right.
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'์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
69:33
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
69:36
He was, he just wasn't ready to give up his holiday of running around the city and eating
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
69:44
what he wanted to eat, she said.
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๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:47
So of course the he is Fred the Pig and this is talking about the fact how he didn't want
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Š” Fred the Pig์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์žกํžˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žกํžˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
69:53
to be captured, caught and it was no easy task.
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.
69:58
Well, and remember, before the pig, Fred, the pig was dodging, was dodging them, which
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ์ „์—, ๋ผ์ง€์ธ Fred๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
70:06
made it no easy task to capture him.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:11
Dodge is a void now.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ท์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌดํšจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:14
Why?
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์™œ?
70:15
Because he wasn't ready to give up his holiday.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:21
This is a useful phrasal verb to give something up.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
70:25
In this case, the something is his holiday, and when you give something up, you simply
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด
70:30
stop doing it.
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๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:32
You stop doing the something or you stop using the something.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:36
So a lot of people use this when they quit smoking.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š์„ ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
70:39
Oh, I need to give up smoking.
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์•„, ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
70:42
I need to stop smoking, stop doing the activity or using the activity, so in this case, stop
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
70:52
his holiday.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:53
He wasn't ready to give up his holiday of running around the city and eating what he
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
71:00
wanted to eat, she said.
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๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:01
Of course, he wasn't ready to give it up.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:05
After he was captured, staff affectionately gave him the name Fred.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฒดํฌ๋œ ํ›„ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์• ์ •์„ ๋‹ด์•„ Fred๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:11
So when you do something affectionately, you do it with love, love, friendliness, oh, admiration
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋‹ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘, ์นœ๊ทผ๊ฐ, ๊ฐํƒ„,
71:22
and affectionately.
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์• ์ • ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:26
This is an adverb and it modifies the verb Gave him the name because at the beginning
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ค€ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์—
71:35
the story sounded like, oh, this pig is causing damage, this pig is ruining yards, this pig
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ '์•„, ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ๋ง์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ 
71:43
is loitering.
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์žˆ์–ด'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:44
So these negative things about the pig.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:47
But the staff feel affection towards the pig, so they affectionately gave him the name Fred.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๋ผ์ง€์—๊ฒŒ ์• ์ •์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
71:55
To show that they're not mad at the pig, they are.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ผ์ง€์—๊ฒŒ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:59
They feel friendliness or love towards the pig.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์นœ๊ทผ๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:04
So the staff affectionately gave him the name Fred and he has been staying at the Aurora
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋‹ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์–ด์คฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ
72:10
Animal Shelter ever since.
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๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:14
So because this isn't in the present perfect continuous Burton's, I know the pig is still
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์—ฐ์†ํ˜• Burton's๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€
72:21
there now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:22
The pig, Fred, the pig is still at the Aurora Animal Shelter now, Miss Allen said.
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๊ทธ ๋ผ์ง€, ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ, ๊ทธ ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Miss Allen์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:29
He is an unusual addition to the shelter animal shelter.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ์ด๋ก€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:34
This is an area where they they care for abandoned pets or pets without homes.
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๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:40
They call that a shelter to the shelter, which more commonly houses cats and dogs.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:47
Of course, they don't get many pigs at animal shelters in cities.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ‚ค์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:52
Of course, staff are not sure how he ended up on the streets of Aurora.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:01
When you end up to use the phrasal verb, it talks about your your final state or your
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ์ƒํƒœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
73:08
final decision.
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.
73:10
So he's on the streets of Aurora, but they have no idea how that became his final location.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:20
How did he get there?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
73:22
How did he end up there?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ”๋‚˜์š”?
73:25
So you can use that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:26
This is a very common phrasal verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:29
For example, I might say I ended ended up staying home last night.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:37
This implies that my final decision or action was to stay home, but because I used ended
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์ด๋Š” ๋‚˜์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
73:47
up.
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๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:48
It implies that I was considering other options, but I ended up staying home.
997
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:55
So this was out of all the option options I was considering.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ต์…˜ ์˜ต์…˜์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
74:00
This is my final option.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์„ ํƒ์ด๋‹ค.
74:02
I ended up staying home last night.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๋‹ค.
74:07
I ended up adopting a pig named Fred, which I don't think I'll end up doing, but I guess
1001
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ Fred๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ
74:19
it's a possibility 'cause I do love animals, but I don't think I can take Fred home for
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Fred๋ฅผ ์˜์›ํžˆ ์ง‘์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
74:25
his forever.
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.
74:26
Home staff are not sure how he ended up on the streets of Aurora, how that became his
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ํ™ˆ ์ง์›์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ์˜
74:32
final position.
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์ตœ์ข… ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:33
They have speculated that he may have been a backyard pet.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:38
Remember I explained backyard already?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
74:41
A backyard pet that grew to be a much bigger size than expected?
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ž๋ž€ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ?
74:48
You're probably wondering about the verb speculate.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ถ”์ธก(speculate)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:53
It has the same meaning as the verb guess.
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๋™์‚ฌ ์ถ”์ธก๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:57
When you guess an answer, for example, it means you're not 100% certain what the correct
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹ต์„ ์ถ”์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋‹ต์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ 100% ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
75:04
answer is, but you're just going to guess.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:09
So when you speculate, you don't know 100% what the answer is, but you're just you're
1013
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹ต์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ 100% ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
75:16
guessing.
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์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:17
You're using the information that you have to provide an explanation, but you're not
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์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
75:22
100% certain.
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100% ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:25
So they're guessing that he was a backyard pet that grew to be much bigger than expected,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ž€ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ 
75:30
but they're not 100% sure if this is correct.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€๋Š” 100% ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:35
They probably got him as a little piglet.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๋ผ์ง€๋กœ ์žก์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:38
So a baby pig is called a piglet, Baby pig, just like a baby cat is a kitten, a baby dog
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋ผ์ง€, ์•„๊ธฐ๋ผ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ, ์•„๊ธฐ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋ผ๊ณ ์–‘์ด, ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐœ
75:46
is a puppy.
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๋Š” ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
75:48
So this is a baby pig is a piglet, a little piglet.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๊ธฐ ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๋ผ์ง€, ์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๋ผ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:52
And he just continued to grow.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:55
Miss Allen said nobody has claimed Fred, so this means nobody has said Fred is my pig.
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Miss Allen์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ Fred๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ Fred๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ๋ผ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:04
If someone said Fred is my pig, then that person claimed Fred.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ Fred๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋ผ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ Fred๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:11
But unfortunately nobody has said that and he seems to like his new home for now.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ง‘์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:17
But staff are hoping to find a farm for him where he can play and be at ease, at ease,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
76:26
At ease.
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.
76:27
You need the preposition at.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ at์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:28
This would be another way of saying be relaxed, relaxed.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๋‹ค, ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๋‹ค์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํŽธ
76:34
If you're at ease it means you're relaxed.
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ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
76:36
There's no tension and they're looking for a farm that can be.
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๊ธด์žฅ๊ฐ์€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:42
Remember the expression we we learned as well.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋˜ ํ‘œํ˜„๋„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
76:45
That can be his forever home.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:48
His forever home.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘.
76:51
I don't know about you, but I love animal stories.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–จ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.
76:54
I love animals.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:55
I always tear up when I hear about animals.
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์ €๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:58
So let's all say in the comments, good luck Fred, good luck Fred.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์š” Fred, ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์š” Fred๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
77:03
And hopefully Fred will find his forever home.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Fred๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:06
So put Good luck Fred in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— Fred์—๊ฒŒ ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
77:10
And that was the end of the article.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:12
So what I'll do now is I'll read the article from start to finish and this time you can
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š”
77:16
focus on my pronunciation.
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๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:19
So let's do that now.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:20
Fred, the pig caught after Mischief rampage.
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์žฅ๋‚œ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ ๋›ฐ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์žกํžŒ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ. ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ์‹œ
77:25
After numerous complaints of mischief in the city of Aurora, a ยฃ400 culprit has finally
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์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ๋‚œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋œ ํ›„ , ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
77:32
been caught loitering outside a shopping center.
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์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๋˜ 400ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ด ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:36
Officials say Fred, who dodged them for several days, is always hungry and loves his belly
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•œ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
77:41
scratches.
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. ๊ทธ๋ฅผ
77:43
It took about 8 people and five hours to capture him.
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๋ถ™์žก๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” ์•ฝ 8๋ช…์ด 5์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋‹ค .
77:47
They now hope to find his forever home.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:51
City officials first became aware of Fred on September 24th when they received a call
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์‹œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค์€ 9์›” 24์ผ
77:56
about a pig that was tearing up a person's yard.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์ฐข๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ Fred๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:00
But when animal officers arrived on the scene, they were not able to find him.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋‹น๊ตญ์ด ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
78:06
More calls came in the next day, this time about a pig in traffic.
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๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด์ฆ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ์‹์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:10
Then another call about a pig that was ruining someone's landscaping.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์กฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ง์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „ํ™” .
78:15
He was then spotted again three days later on September 27th in the early morning hours.
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์ดํ›„ 3์ผ ๋’ค์ธ 9์›” 27์ผ ์ด๋ฅธ ์•„์นจ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ๋๋‹ค.
78:22
This time Fred was in a position where he could be captured, Miss Allen said.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” Fred๊ฐ€ ์ฒดํฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Miss Allen์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:27
Still, it was no easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:32
He just wasn't ready to give up his holiday of running around the city and eating what
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
78:36
he wanted to eat, she said.
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๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:39
After he was captured, staff affectionately gave him the name Fred and he has been staying
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์ฒดํฌ๋œ ํ›„ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ
78:44
at the Aurora Animal Shelter ever since.
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์ดํ›„๋กœ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:48
Miss Allen said he is an unusual addition to the shelter, which more commonly houses
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Miss Allen์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ์ด๋ก€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
78:54
cats and dogs.
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.
78:55
Staff are not sure how he ended up on the streets of Aurora.
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์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
78:59
They have speculated that he may have been a backyard pet that grew to be a much bigger
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ž€ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
79:05
size than expected.
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.
79:08
They probably got him as a little piglet and he just continued to grow, Miss Allen said.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๋ผ์ง€๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ”์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Miss Allen์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:15
Nobody has claimed Fred yet and he seems to like his new home for now, but staff are hoping
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์•„์ง ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ Fred์˜ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ƒˆ ์ง‘์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง์›๋“ค์€
79:21
to find a farm for him where he can play and be at ease.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:25
Amazing job today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ผ์ด๋„ค์š”.
79:28
Now did you like this lesson?
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
79:30
I know it was long but my hope is that you'll take all weekend to review this lesson or
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๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ๋ง ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜์‹œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
79:37
you'll review it over multiple days as well.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚ ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:40
Because practice, practice, practice, repetition is the key to learning.
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์—ฐ์Šต, ์—ฐ์Šต, ์—ฐ์Šต, ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ด ํ•™์Šต์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:45
So if you like this lesson and you want me to make more lessons like this, then put weekly
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ ˆ์Šจ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋” ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฃผ๊ฐ„
79:50
lesson.
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๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
79:51
Put weekly lesson in the comments and I'll keep creating these.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:56
Weekly lessons just for you.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ๋ ˆ์Šจ.
79:58
And of course, make sure you like this video, Share it with your friends and subscribe so
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ , ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
80:03
you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:06
And you can get this free speaking guide where I share 6 tips on how to speak English fluently
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
80:11
and confidently.
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.
80:12
You can click here to download it or look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
80:16
And you can keep improving your English with this lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
80:19
Right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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