🇺🇸 Read An Article From CNN With Me! Donald Trump Hush Money Conviction

Today, we're going to read  a news article together.

We're going to take.

A complex topic like Donald  Trump's legal issues and you're.

Going to understand it easily because.

We'll read it.

Together and you'll learn the advanced vocabulary,  complex sentence structure, and even correct.

Pronunciation Welcome back to JForrest

English, of course.

I'm Jennifer.

Now let's get started.

1st I'll.

Read the headline.

Trump asks for hash funny conviction.

To be.

Overturned.

Now we're talking about.

A legal issue?

And the word conviction is very  important to understand the whole.

Article.

All conviction.

This is a noun, and it's a formal  declaration that someone is.

Guilty.

So a judge officially said you're guilty.

That's a conviction.

That's a noun, but it's very commonly  used in the sentence structure.

To.

Be convicted Convicted in this.

Case it always.

Has the Ed.

Because it's the adjective.

And your verb.

Is to be.

So you need a subject, Subject Trump.

He's the subject.

Trump and then you can conjugate your.

Verb to be this.

Already happened, so we can put it in the past.

Simple Trump was.

Convicted.

So always.

In the D, Trump was convicted  and you're convicted.

Of.

Something of, and we'll find out in  this article, if you don't already know.

Now, that's the passive sentence  structure to be convicted.

It's talking about who's receiving the  action, not who's doing the action.

Because in a legal context, there's really  only one person who convicts, and that's the.

Judge who shares.

The sentence often determined  by the jury to convict so.

You could say the judge.

Convict convicted Trump in this.

Case our verb.

Is to convict, so you have to conjugate the verb.

This already happened, so I'll add  an Ed and this is the past simple.

The judge convicted Trump.

Or perhaps it would be more accurate.

To say the jury.

Which would be conjugated as a collective noun.

The jury is made-up of multiple.

People, but we use it as a.

Collective noun it.

The jury.

It convicted Trump.

I added that there I'm not a.

Lawyer so I'm.

Not sure which one is.

Actually more.

Accurate.

The jury.

Or the judge.

Perhaps you can let me know now another  very important legal terminology.

Is.

Overturn to overturn is the  verb, but notice the sentence.

Structure to be.

Overturned.

Again, this is in the passive voice.

In a legal context, when a conviction  

is overturned, it means it's  annulled, which means it's.

Basically.

Thrown out, it didn't happen or it's  reversed again, it's saying that.

You were guilty, but if it's.

Overturned.

It means you are not guilty.

So the.

Decision is reversed or annulled.

Thrown in.

The garbage.

Don't worry about taking notes because I  summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.

You can find the link in the description.

Let's continue.

With our.

Lesson Donald Trump's.

Lawyers.

So the lawyers.

Belong to Donald Trump.

That's why there is the possessive and  there's more than one Donald Trump's.

Lawyers.

Have asked for the former president's conviction.

Again, the conviction belongs to Donald Trump,  

who is the former president, which is why we  have the apostrophe as to show possession.

And now you know what a conviction is.

Remember, in this case, it's the noun form.

It's the legal declaration,  the formal declaration,  

conviction in his hush money  criminal case to be overturned.

You know what this is as?

Well, to be.

Overturned, so thrown in the.

Garbage or reversed.

Guilty to.

Not guilty and his sentencing this month.

Delayed.

One's sentencing in a legal context  is their determination of punishment.

So when someone is sentenced, they  find out how they will be punished.

Will they have to pay?

A fine.

Will they have to go to?

Prison.

Will they have?

Certain rights restricted.

That's one's sentencing.

Now.

This is only used in a legal context.

Of course.

Other people get in.

Trouble outside.

Of a legal context, but in home school.

Or work we use.

The word punishment.

So you would ask, what's my punishment?

If you do.

Something that you're not supposed to at school.

The teacher or principal could.

Punish you?

So to ask about how?

You will be punished.

That is punishment.

That's the noun form.

And here.

So they're asking for his sentencing, where  they determine his punishment this month to be.

Delayed, Delayed.

Means it's happening.

Later than expected.

You can use.

The verb delay.

In this case, it functions as an adjective.

'Cause it's to be delayed the passive.

So here the meeting was.

So the verb.

To be conjugated.

This is a completed past action,  so that's why it's in the past.

Simple.

The meeting.

Was delayed.

In the Ed, because it's an  adjective, the meeting was.

Delayed SO.

It's not happening at the  scheduled time is happening.

At a later.

Time and if you want to specify the time.

You use.

Until until 5:00 PM.

Until tomorrow, Until next week.

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Now let's continue with our lesson.

A letter sent.

To the.

Judge presiding.

Over the trial.

OK to.

Preside over is.

In charge.

Of or the judge who's.

Leading the trial now, technically.

You could use.

Presiding over In a business context, the  Jack is presiding over the conference.

Or the board.

Meeting, but it's more common to use in.

Charge of or.

Lead in a business context and then preside.

Over is.

Definitely used in the legal context.

So it would be more common to say Jack is leading.

Our verb is.

To lead.

And then here conjugated  in the present continuous,  

Jack is leading the meeting Jill is in charge of.

So to be.

In charge of I'll add that.

Verb.

To be so you remember to be in charge.

Of.

Jill is in charge of the conference.

So both of these would be more common in  a business context or everyday context.

And then specifically to a legal context  you can use presiding over the trial.

So the letter reportedly.

Science Monday's Supreme Court ruling that granted  

the former president immunity from  prosecution for official actions.

He took while.

In office immunity, you may know this one.

This means you have official protection  from legal action, so you cannot  

be tried in court or sentenced or convicted.

Because you.

Have immunity now you have immunity.

You possess immunity.

Now let's go back here because  notice it said a letter sent to  

the judge presiding over the trial  reportedly cites now reportedly is  

a very important word and often  used in the news or in a legal.

Context because if.

Someone reportedly did something.

It isn't official that.

They did it.

It is just suspected or accused that they did it.

So you can think of this as stated  or claimed, but not proved as fact.

And that's the important part.

Let's continue.

In May, Trump was convicted.

So now you see that passive form to be convicted,  and he was convicted by a jury or a judge or both.

Now again you can turn that into the active.

The judge the.

Jury convicted Trump, So Trump was convicted  on 34 counts of falsifying business.

Records.

So if you falsify a business record,  

falsify means to make something false  and you do this on purpose and this.

Is.

A crime and you can be convicted and after.

You're convicted.

You can be sentenced where your punishment is  

determined unless that conviction is  overturned, which means thrown in the.

Garbage or reversed, he will be.

Sentenced on July 11th, so here.

To be.

Sentenced because Trump is  receiving now before we.

We use the word.

Sentencing, his sentencing, so  you could say Trump will receive.

His.

Sentencing or sentence?

On July 11th I wrote that for you.

You could also use this in the active form.

You could say.

The judge and in this.

Case the verb is 2.

Sentence, and it's in the future.

Simple will.

Plus base verb.

The judge will sentence Trump on July 11th.

That's the active form.

Notice how it's very common  to use the passive form.

Because it's not important who's  doing it, it's assumed that it's.

The judge or the jury?

But it's more important who's receiving  it, and that's why it's very common.

To use the.

Passive voice in the news.

He will receive.

His sentence?

He will be.

Sentenced on July 11th,  

his team points out that he signed off  on the records while president in 2017.

So notice his team.

This could perhaps be his legal  team and the his being Donald Trump.

Donald Trump's legal team, his  team and notice as a subject.

What is this as a subject?

His team.

I, you, ** *** it, we, they.

What's the?

Subject.

Well, you know the subject because  we have the S on the present.

Simple.

So the subject is it it because it  doesn't represent a male or female.

It's an object.

It points out, his team points out.

When you point something out, it's  not actually pointing at someone.

When you point something out, you have  information and you want to highlight.

A specific piece.

Of that information or you want to bring  someone's attention to something specific.

Now notice if you use his team brings attention.

To because we.

Have a clause?

A clause.

Is a subject.

A verb?

An object.

It's a sentence.

You need to include the additional words.

The fact he bring his team brings attention  to the fact that he signed off on the records.

Now, to sign off on something means to.

Approve.

Something you can use to sign off on in a  business context is very common, for example.

Has Jill.

Signed off on my vacation request yet?

Has Jill approved?

And you sign off on something, so you  need that additional preposition on.

If you.

Specify the something.

His team points out that he signed off  on the records while president in 2017.

But one lawyer.

Suggested this was.

Unlikely.

To be considered.

An official act Last year, Trump's  lawyers similarly argued that the  

allegations in the case involved were within the.

Scope of his.

Official presidential duties allegation is another  word that's very common in a legal context.

So an allegation.

This is the noun form.

This is a claim.

A claim that someone did something  wrong, but there isn't official.

Proof at.

This point, it's just you did  something wrong, but where's the proof?

So at that point is just an allegation.

So Trump's lawyers similarly argued that the  allegations in the case involved were within the.

Scope of his.

Official presidential duties If something  is within the scope, it means it's.

Part of the official.

Responsibilities.

So let's.

Say this circle here.

Represents the scope and then in that circle  there are your official responsibilities.

So there.

Were probably many more than just.

Three, but let's.

Say you're on a project and there  are only three things you need to do.

Editing, designing, and revisions.

Those are the three things that are within the.

Scope of.

This project so if the client  asks you to do marketing for them.

You could say.

Sorry, that's outside of.

The scope.

Of this project is not an official responsibility,  

so within the scope means  you are responsible for it.

Outside of the scope means you're not responsible  for it based on the terms of the project.

That you've established, so you have.

Job duties and responsibilities that  are within the scope and others that  

maybe you do but technically they're outside of.

The scope.

And remember, this is important because.

There was a letter.

That cites Monday's Supreme Court ruling.

So in this official ruling by the Supreme Court.

It.

Said that the former President Donald  Trump has immunity official protection.

If they were official.

Actions.

So if those actions were within the scope,  within his responsibilities as president,  

so that's why this is important information.

So he's saying that the actions he took in this.

Legal case were.

Within the scope.

However, a federal judge wrote.

That Trump had.

Failed to show.

That his conduct.

Was for or.

Relating to any act performed by  or for the President under scope.

Of the official.

Acts of a president.

Don't worry if you find this wording confusing  

because native speakers I'm sure  in your own language as well.

As well.

It can be confusing to read.

Legal.

Documents because they're written  in a very different way from.

How people speak.

So basically this.

Judge is questioning if his  actions were within the.

Scope of his.

Official presidential duties.

That's the the sentiment, that's  what's communicated in this section.

Let's continue Monday's  ruling by the Supreme Court.

And what happened in that ruling, in that ruling.

They officially said that the.

President has immunity if his actions  were within the scope of his presidential.

Duties if his.

Actions were within the responsibilities of his  

presidential duties, so Mondays  ruling by the Supreme Court was.

Hailed by.

Trump as a big win for democracy, hailed Means.

Praised or celebrated?

And remember the full grammar of the sentence.

Was hailed by Trump.

So what type?

Of sentence is this it's.

The.

Passive sentence again, because it's  focusing on who's receiving the action,  

not who's doing the action.

We want to focus on Monday's  ruling by the Supreme.

Court was hailed.

As a big win for democracy, you  can use this in a business context.

The new marketing.

Strategy was hailed.

By the client.

So the client praised the new marketing strategy  

and then you can add on even  though it was technically.

Outside of the project scope.

So technically you.

Shouldn't have done the marketing strategy, but.

You did.

Because you wanted to make the  client happy even though it.

Was outside side of the projects  scope the justices, so the.

Plural.

Notice that pronunciation, The justices.

You need that.

Extra syllable, The justices.

Found that a president had immunity for official  acts but was not immune for unofficial acts.

So remember this ruling by the Supreme Court?

So the justices.

Are.

The judges.

On the Supreme Court.

As a group, the justices so.

The president only has immunity for.

Official acts.

The ruling?

Related to a separate.

Case against Trump.

He is suspected.

Of trying to.

Illegally.

Overturn.

So now you know what overturn  means, but overturn what?

Overturn The 2020 presidential election result.

So notice here they're using the verb  to overturn, but not in a legal context.

However, a very.

Official context because  there was an election in 2020.

Trump lost, Joe Biden won,  but Trump wanted to overturn.

That result.

Reverse that result.

Throw that result.

In the garbage.

So although it's not a legal technically.

I guess you.

Would consider.

It legal because.

The president.

Is legally officially.

Recognized so perhaps you can still consider  that legal but overturn and in this.

Case it's used.

As an active.

Because he is suspected of.

Trying to overturn.

He's the one doing the action.

But suspected.

So this is important.

Because if he suspected of.

Something and notice this is a gerund expression.

To be suspected of.

Doing something.

You need your verb in ING, and that's because we  

have this additional preposition of you're  suspected of something or doing something.

It means that it hasn't officially been proven.

Again, it's just a claim.

So you can think of it as an accusation.

It's not officially been  proven, so the ruling on Monday.

That said that.

Trump has immunity.

If he's.

Acting within the.

Scope of his.

Presidential duties if it's  an official act that actually.

Relates to this case where he was suspected.

Of trying to illegally overturn the  2020 presidential election result that.

Gave victory.

To Joe Biden.

Reacting to the Supreme Court ruling, President  

Biden described it as a dangerous precedent  that undermined the rule of law in America.

So of course.

Trump's opponent Biden had a negative reaction  to the Supreme Court's ruling on Monday.

Undermine means to weaken a  road or compromise and this.

Is used specifically.

With one's confidence or one's.

Authority.

This is commonly used in all contexts.

Social.

Business constantly criticizing your  team can undermine its performance  

because remember team the subject.

Is it?

Can undermine its performance,  so it can weaken its performance  

because the team won't have a lot of  confidence to to act if the team is.

Always criticized by.

The superior.

So in this article, Biden is quoted  as saying that the ruling on Monday  

can undermine the rule of law in America.

And that's the end of the article.

So what I'll do now is I'll read  the article from start to finish  

and this time you can focus on my pronunciation.

Trump asked for hush money conviction  to be overturned Donald Trump's lawyers  

have asked for the former president's  conviction in his hush money criminal.

Case to be.

Overturned and his sentencing this month  delayed a letter sent to the judge presiding.

Over the trial, reportedly.

Cites Monday's Supreme Court ruling  

that granted the former president immunity  from prosecution for official acts.

He took.

While in office in May, Trump was convicted  on 34 counts of falsifying business records.

He will be sentenced on July 11th.

His team points out that he signed off  on the records while president in 2017,  

but one lawyer suggested this was unlikely.

To be considered.

An official act Last year, Trump's lawyer  similarly argued that the allegations in  

the case involved were within the scope  of his official presidential duties.

However, a federal judge wrote that Trump  had failed to show that his conduct was.

For or.

Relating to any act performed by or.

For the.

President under scope of the official  acts of a president Monday's ruling  

by the Supreme Court was hailed by  Trump as a big win for democracy.

The justices found that a president had immunity.

For.

Official acts, but was not immune from  unofficial acts, the ruling related.

To a separate.

Case against trump he is suspected  of trying to illegally overturn the  

2020 presidential election result that gave.

Victory to Joe.

Biden Reacting to the Supreme  Court ruling, President Biden  

described it as a dangerous precedent that  undermined the rule of law in America.

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