The ONLY way to become FLUENT IN ENGLISH

Experts agree that you need one thing to  truly become fluent. Comprehensible input,  

comprehensible input, comprehensible input,  comprehensible input. Comprehensible input. What  

is comprehensible input? Well, input, of course,  is the language you hear or read while learning,  

so the vocabulary, grammar and  pronunciation, comprehensible.

Means you understand the overall message  even if you don't understand every word.  

Today you'll get the comprehensible input  you need by learning real world phrases in  

context. Welcome back to JForrest English, of  course I'm Jennifer. Now let's get started.  

First you'll learn 15 great phrases  you can use in everyday situations.

Explain the phrases fully and you'll see  real world examples to make sure you get  

the comprehensible input you need.  Number one, easier said than done.  

Do you know this phrase? Native speakers,  including myself, love using this. Easier  

said than done. This is used to say that  something is more difficult to do than

It sounds so we commonly use this as a  reply when someone gives you advice or a  

solution that sounds simple when they say  it, but it's actually hard to carry out,  

which means it's hard to do. So let's  say your friend wants to give you some  

advice and says just tell your boss  you don't want to work weekends.

Well, that is easy to open your mouth  and say, I don't want to work weekends,  

but the consequences of that might be more severe.  So you can reply back to your friend and say,  

Easier said than done. Now you can add  on that is, that's easier said than done,  

or you can even start with the action  in the gerund, talking to my boss.

is easier said than done. Now when you say this,  your friend will probably agree and say, yeah,  

I get that, which means I understand, or you're  right, or even I see where you're coming from,  

which is another way of saying I understand  your perspective or your opinion. So maybe your  

friend knows you want to practice your English  speaking skills, so your friend says to you.

Just start conversations with native  speakers, and what can you reply back with?  

Easier said than done, or maybe you  can use this different phrase and  

say starting conversations with natives is  becoming easier with every lesson I watch.  

Does that describe you? If it does put  that's right, that's right. Put that's  

right in the comments. And don't worry about  taking notes because I summarize everything.

In a free lesson PDF you can find the  link in the description. Nothing. OK,  

so this one way easier said than done,  but as much as you can practice it,  

you will see it works like magic. Now, doing this  is easier said than done. It's very hard to know,  

by the way, what it is you take for granted, and  the reason is that you take it for granted. This  

is easier said than done, but this is the job  of the food movement. Number 2, it's been one.

One of those days. Oh, do  you know what this means?  

This is used as a full phrase to describe  a day full of small problems, frustrations,  

or stress. So if your friend asks you, how's it  going? or how was your day, you can reply back  

usually with some tone and facial expression  and say, oh, it's been one of those days.

Or you might use this as a reason why  you're behaving more negatively than  

normal. You can say, Sorry, I'm grumpy.  Grumpy means you're a little irritated,  

angry, annoyed. Sorry I'm grumpy. It's  been one of those days. So that's the  

reason why. Now you can also use this phrase  and then explain the reasons why. It's been

One of those days. I missed the train.  I was 20 minutes late for an important  

meeting. I spilled coffee on my shirt,  and the vending machine ate my money,  

which means the vending machine took your  money but did not give you the candy bar  

you so desperately wanted. Now keep in mind  this phrase is used with small problems,  

frustrations, or stress. It's been one  of those days and I'm angry. It's been

One of those days. But it's one of those  days where I've just been, you know,  

really taking it easy and Number 3, I love  this one. You read my mind. Do you know this  

one? This means that you said or did exactly  what I was thinking. So maybe you say, Hey,  

Jennifer, let's stay in, which means stay at  home. Let's stay in and watch a movie tonight.

Now I can reply back and say, you read my mind.

So this means that I was just about to suggest  that we stay in and watch a movie tonight. Now to  

acknowledge that you and your friend had the exact  same idea, one of you can add on a bonus phrase  

Great minds think alike. Notice this phrase, You  read my mind. This uses the verb to read, but it's

Conjugated in the past symbol. So  of course that pronunciation is the  

same as red. You read my mind, so the mind is  also possessive to whoever is speaking. Yeah,  

you read my mind. I got into trouble. Oh  my God, you read my mind, right? Yeah, I,  

that's it. You read my mind. I was about to  go into that after we cover this. I'll be  

right there. Number 4, you need this phrase  in your vocabulary. I'm running a bit late.

Now to say I'm running late means I'm going  to be late. I'm running a little late,  

or you can use a bit late. They have the  same meaning. This is very commonly used  

to send a quick text message. Sorry, running  late, be there in 10. Now in text messages,  

we omit words that are not needed, but in the  full form you would say sorry, I'm running late.

I'll be there in 10 minutes. And notice that  to run late. This is most commonly used in  

the present continuous. I'm running  late because it's taking place now.  

Uh, you, I'm actually running a little bit  late for tea with the queen. I'm running a  

little bit late. Are you enjoying this lesson?  If you are, then I want to tell you about the  

finally fluent academy. This is my premium  training program where we study native.

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go to my website and click on Findly fluent  Academy. Now let's continue with our lesson.

5, it slipped my mind. This is one you'll probably  use every day. It means I forgot. Now it means I  

forgot something or to do something. This is  generally used to admit you forgot something or  

to do something, so it's to take responsibility.  It's generally used with minor responsibilities  

or events. For example, your friend might  ask you, did you make the reservation?

Notice that co-location, you make a reservation,  let's say for dinner at a restaurant, and you can  

reply back and say, oh sorry, it slipped my mind,  which means I forgot to make the reservation.

And then you can reply back and say I'll  do it now or I'll make the reservation  

now. I had another example I wanted to share  with you, but it completely slipped my mind  

and noticed I used completely to  emphasize this statement. Now I could.

Add on, I'm sure the example will come back to  me. So the information will return to my mind. Uh,  

there was one more thing I wanted to ask  you about that, but it slipped my mind. Uh,  

give me one second. I had one other and  it just slipped my mind. So sorry. I,  

it just slipped my mind with all  the moving and all that stuff.

Number 6, it's not the end of the world. Do you  know this one? This is a great one to have. It  

means it's not as bad or significant  as it seems. So I could say to you,  

making grammar mistakes while speaking is not  the end of the world. It's not as significant.

As it may seem, or I could say, I'm so sorry  I forgot to make the reservation yesterday.  

It completely slit my mind. Now my friend could  try to make me feel better by saying it's not the  

end of the world, which is like saying it's  not a big deal or that's OK or no worries.

It's not the end of the.

for the bond market by any means, but  um the market reaction to the Fed's  

statement and the chairman's discussion  was really quite something. It's not the  

end of the world if you miss the soccer  game. If it's not absolutely perfect,  

it's not the end of the world because  we're referencing from the same phase

every time.

Number 7, thanks for the heads up.

Do you know what a heads up is? This  is a warning or advanced notice. Now  

this is used when someone gives you  useful information ahead of time,  

so in advance. You can also say just a heads up  that we're closing early tomorrow for a private  

event. So maybe the cafe you normally go to  says this to you. Now you can reply and say.

Thanks for the heads up, the because it's a  specific heads up. Or you could say I appreciate  

the heads up. It's like saying thanks for letting  me know. So your coworker might say to you,  

just a heads up that the boss is in a bad  mood today. This is an example that one  

of my students gave during a live lesson, and I  loved it so much. I'm sharing it here with you.

Now you can reply back and say thanks for  the heads up, thanks for the information,  

because now I know I need to behave  differently around my boss because  

she's in a bad mood. Thanks for the  heads up. Thanks for the heads up.

What content to expect. Thanks for the heads  up on the upcoming policies. We'll look forward  

to seeing how US aid is innovating. Number  8, don't quote me on that. This is another  

example that one of my amazing students used, and  I loved it so much. I'm sharing it with everyone.

This means I'm not 100% sure, so don't repeat  what I just said as fact. So this is used when  

giving information that you're not  sure is 100% correct. For example,  

I think the client is coming at  3:30, but don't quote me on that.

It's like saying I may be wrong, or you could  say he might be working from home today,  

but don't quote me on that. Again, I could  be wrong. Notice this is always used in  

the negative. I think it's like $1.4 billion.  Don't quote me on that. Don't quote me on that,  

but I imagine if you Google it, you might find  something that would approximate that. Number 9,  

just to be on the safe side.  Do you know this one? This

Goes with the last one very well. It means to be  extra careful or cautious. So this is generally  

used when taking a precautionary action. For  example, I think the client is coming at 3:30,  

but ask Mark just to be on the safe side. So  just as a precaution, with small everyday things,  

someone might say, take an umbrella just  to be on the safe side as a precaution.

You can start with the phrase  just to be on the safe side,  

take an umbrella. So notice the phrase  can go before or after the statement.

Just to be on the safe side, members of  the current administration might want  

to brush up on their job skills just in case. Do

I go lower than the norm, just to be on  the safe side? Just to be on the safe side,  

I decided not to remarry and not to  have children, so much for that problem.

Number 10, let me get back to you on that.

This means I'll reply later  after I verify the information,  

so this is used to delay your answer  until you have more information. So it's  

a great phrase to have. So if someone  asks you when's the client coming.

You can say I think at 3:30. I think the client's  coming at 3:30, but let me get back to you on that  

just to be on the safe side. So you will verify  the information and then let the person know. Now  

this is commonly used with social invitations. A  friend could ask you, are you free on Saturday?

And you don't know what your plans are yet,  

so you can say to your friend,  let me get back to you tomorrow.  

This is like saying I'll let you know tomorrow.  So to get back to someone means to respond. So  

if your friend asks you, is Sarah coming to the  party, you can say I don't know. She hasn't gotten  

back to me yet. She hasn't responded, replied  yet. Yeah, and let me get back to you on that.

I, I will follow up with you. So, uh, let me get  back to you on that. What's your next one? Well,  

let me get, let me get back to  you on that. Thank you. Number 11,  

let me sleep on that. This means I need more time  to think about this decision. So for example,  

your friend could ask you, are you going  to tell your boss what the client said?

And then you can reply back and say I  haven't decided. I need to sleep on it.  

So this is saying I need some time,  24 hours perhaps to think, reflect,  

analyze, weigh the pros  and cons. This can also be.

as advice, your friend could say I  know you're upset, but before you quit,  

I suggest you sleep on it you take  the night to really consider this  

decision. And you can't decide how  to interpret it and so you say.

Let me sleep on it. Let me sleep on it. Let  me think if I really want to be bitten by  

this creature. Let me just sleep on it. Number  12, I'm on the fence about it. Do you know what  

this means? This means I haven't made a decision  yet or simply I'm undecided. So this is used when  

you're unsure between two or more options. For  example, are you going to your ex's wedding?

I'm on the fence about it. You haven't  decided. Or you could say I'm on the  

fence about quitting my job. So about is a  preposition. If you use a verb, it's in the  

gerund. Now if you say I'm on the fence about  quitting my job, maybe your friend would say.

You should sleep on it or take more time  to decide just to be on the safe side.  

Sort of on the fence about is the road  it takes between comedy and drama back  

and forth and back and forth, but  I'm still on the fence about it.

So it just it's I'm trying to make  it as as transparent as possible.

That's why I'm

kinda on the fence about it. I'm go with yes

yeah. Number 13, don't jump to conclusions.  This is an important phrase. It means don't  

judge a situation too quickly  or without enough information,  

so it's used to slow someone down  when they're making a quick judgment.

So if your friend says Sarah  hasn't gotten back to me yet,  

remember Sarah hasn't replied to me yet? She  must be mad at me. That's what your friend  

thinks. Now you can reply back and say, don't  jump to conclusion. It's only been one day,  

she's probably just busy, so don't  judge the situation too quickly.

Or commonly my boss asked to see  me this afternoon. He's going  

to fire me. I know it. Does that  ever run through your mind? Now,  

hopefully your co-worker says to you,  don't jump to conclusions. So basically,  

don't jump to conclusions with only a little data.  A Hindu group in India, I'll tell you the name,  

but don't jump to conclusions, it's not the  group you're thinking of. Don't jump to.

Conclusions or doubt what they're saying or give  instant answers or Christian cliches. Number 14,  

that's a tough call. This is used to  say that's a difficult decision to  

make. So all call is a decision,  and tough and difficult are the  

same thing. So this is used when two  options are close in benefits or risk.

So for example, the forecast says there's a 45%  chance of rain tomorrow. Should we keep the event  

outside or move it inside? And your friend  can reply back and say, that's a tough call.  

Now maybe they would add on and say, personally,  I'd move it inside just to be on the safe side.

Or your friend could say, Should I accept  the job in Chicago or Manhattan? I'm on the  

fence. I'm undecided. Now your friend can  say, that's a tough call. Both are amazing  

opportunities. You should sleep on it. I  was just gonna say that's a tough call,  

but that's how I would make it. That's a  tough call, and eventually the system's  

gonna fall apart. It's a very tough call  to make. Number 15, I'll take care of it.

This is used to say I'll handle this task  or situation, so this is used when you  

volunteer for a responsibility. So if  you're in a meeting and the boss says,  

does anyone have time to drop off the package?  And there are 5 people in the room, you can say,  

I'll take care of it. You can  also say I can take care of it.

I can take care of dropping off the package.  So notice if you specify the verb, it's in the  

ING form. Or at home, maybe your  wife or sister or mother says,  

I'll make dinner when I get home.  Now you say to that person, oh,  

don't worry about it. I'll take care  of dinner. So here, notice it's a noun.

You've had a long day. Let me take  care of it. So let me accept the  

responsibility for that. Amazing job.  Now let's keep going and you'll improve  

all areas of your English with the news.  The news can be difficult to understand.

But with clear explanations and examples, you'll  understand the meaning and get the comprehensible  

input you need. Our headline Scientists discover  new Color Olo, and there's a link to the Wizard  

of Oz. Let's review a link to something. Do  you know what this word means? A link to?

If there's a link to the Wizard of Oz,  it means there's a connection too so  

we have the color and we have the Wizard  of Oz. They seem like totally different,  

but if there's a link to them it  means somehow they are connected  

in this context link and connection are noun  forms. It's also commonly used in the past.

Massive voice. So we need to take link  or connection and turn it into the verb  

form. So we could say the new color  and the Wizard of Oz are connected,  

are linked. So this is the passive voice.  It's to be connected, to be linked they  

mean the same thing. So you take your verb to  be and you conjugate that. So in this case.

We have two things the new color,  the Wizard of Oz, so it's they,  

they are connected. And if you're wondering  why my spelling of the word color is different  

from the article, this is an article  from the BBC, so it's British English.  

There's a spelling difference, but pronunciation  and use of the two words are exactly the same.

Let's review this sentence and hopefully  you agree with this learning English with  

the news so all of this is represented as  one thing it's the subject is it so that's  

why I have my verb to be conjugated  in third person singular this is.

It is learning English with the news  is linked to improving my fluency,  

so you have improving your fluency, learning  English with the news, they're connected,  

they're linked. Now notice here  because 2 is part of the expression.

If you use a verb, you need the Jain verb in  ING. Now you could also say learning English  

with the news is linked to, so I'll make sure  you know that 2 is required in both of these 2  

improved fluency. So this is a noun form so  you can have the Jain verb or the noun form.

So do you agree with this, that they're  connected, that they're linked, if you do,  

but that's right, that's right. I want to know  that you enjoy learning English with the news,  

so put that's right, that's right in the  comments. And don't worry about taking  

these notes because I summarize everything in a  free lesson PDF. You can find the link in the.

Now let's learn about this new color. I'm  certainly curious about this. A team of  

scientists claimed to have discovered a new  color that no human has ever seen before.  

Hm, this use of claim to have  discovered is very important.

Because when you include this claim  to have discovered, it sounds like the  

scientists say this is true, but there  isn't general agreement among everyone.

So if you wanted to state this more as a  fact, you would say a team of scientists  

have discovered a new color. So that's the present  perfect because it's a completed past action. They  

discovered the color yesterday or last week, for  example, but there is a result in the present.

Now we have a new color. Now we can see  something different. Now we have new paint  

options and many other results as well, but  this use of the word claim is very important.  

So if your friend says to you, my boss  claims I'm getting a promotion this year,  

the use of this word lets  you know that your friend.

Isn't buying a new car yet. She  isn't convinced it may happen,  

but it may not happen. It's not stated as fact.  Now we talked about the word color and how there  

is just a spelling difference between British  English and American English, but the use of  

pronunciation exactly the same. When I read this,  a team of scientists claimed to have discovered.

The use of claim to me seemed a little odd  because the subject is actually a team,  

a team. In American English, a team is considered  a collective noun, so it's considered a singular.

A team has the team is so in American  English it would be more common to say  

a team of scientists claims with the  S because it's the present symbol and  

is third person singular because this of  scientists isn't part of the conjugation.  

The subject is a team which in American  English is viewed as a collective noun.

Remember, ultimately both are grammatically  correct and both are understood by native  

English speakers. A team of scientists  claimed to have discovered a new color  

that no human has ever seen before, so  notice they say that no human, no human.

In the negative to represent zero, you could  also say nobody. Not the spelling is one word,  

nobody or no one. Not the spelling is two words,  

but it has the exact same meaning. Now as  we have here, human is a noun. You could  

also say no person and person is the singular  so no person, no human has ever seen before.

And of course the verb conjugation is  or the verb tense is the present perfect  

because they're talking about life experience  maybe you could say I've never been to Canada  

before that's your life experience, but you  still have the possibility to go to Canada,  

which is why it's in the present  perfect is not a completed action.

Let's continue, but what does the Wizard  of Oz have to do with this contested  

discovery? So this is actually asking about  the connection or the link. So set another way,  

what's the connection? What's the link between?  So you need the preposition between and then  

you would have two or more things. What's  the connection? What's the link between.

The new Discovery and the Wizard of Oz.  Now you don't have to use that vocabulary,  

but because in the headline, they used a link.

It makes sense to use that again so that's  an alternative and notice the use of this  

word contested contested this means that not  everyone agrees so there's disagreement someone  

is challenging this and saying it's not a  real discovery, for example, which also.

Explains why it's a team of scientists claim to  have discovered. The snag is that has only ever  

been witnessed by 5 people in the world  and of course the it means the new color,  

the contested discovery. Now what is the snag?

This is the problem. So a snag is a  problem. You hear this a lot. Let's  

say I'm, I'm preparing a report. I'm  writing some code and I might say,  

oh no, I hit a snag. I hit a snag. This means I  encountered a problem. I have a problem. We often  

use hit I hit a snag to mean it came suddenly  and forcefully, but you don't need to use it.

Now remember if you use hit the conjugations  are hit hit hit so the pass symbol is hit.  

I hit a snag yesterday I hit a  snag. You can also use there is,  

there is now you need a because it's a  noun, a snag a problem with the new code,  

for example. So the snag, the problem is that  it's only ever been witnessed so another way.

Of saying witness seen by 5 people in the world  and cannot be seen by the naked eye. So and it,  

the new color. So technically there  are 2 snags. It's only been witnessed  

by 5 people. It cannot be seen by the naked  eye. Hm, what does this mean? The naked eye.

Well, it means without the use of tools  or other equipment. So right now there.

There is bacteria on my skin that  I cannot see with my naked eye,  

but if you put my hand under a microscope, which  is a tool, and then I look at my hand, I will  

see lots of creepy crawly things on my hand, but  thankfully we can't see them with our naked eye.

Let's keep going. Indeed, the color said  to be a saturated shade of blue green.

Let's talk about indeed. I love this word.  I say it a lot. It's used to emphasize,  

highlight, reinforce something  that was previously said.  

So they're emphasizing the  information about the color.

You can use this word as just a one  word reply. So if someone says, oh,  

it's gonna be a hot one today.

You can reply back and say indeed if you want to  just emphasize what they just said it's almost  

like agreeing with what they said you could add  on and say indeed you could say indeed it is or  

you could do the full sentence indeed is going to  be a hot one or indeed I hear it's going up to.

And then whatever hot would be for you, for  me, anything above 30 would be hot, so 350,  

that would be a hot one, a scorcher we  could say. I hear it's going up to 35,  

so you can add on an additional statement  that highlights the original statement of  

the fact that it is going to be all hot one,  and of course one represents a hot day today.

Indeed, the color said to be a saturated shade  of blue green. Do you know what saturated means  

here? In terms of colors saturated means  it's a very intense, rich or full color.

So this blue on my shirt is not very saturated,  

it's more of it's you have some opacity  in it, but this blue is more saturated,  

for example, so you see the color more  it's rich, it's intense, it's full.

And shade in the context of color  means the variation or the tone.  

So there are different shades of blue.  There's dark blue, there's light blue,  

so those are different shades of blue. Now  don't confuse that with shade if it's a hot day,  

you want to find some shade, which  means protection from the sun.

So you, you could add on indeed a good day  to stay in the shade. So stay in an area that  

is protected from the sun or blocked  from the sun so under a tree, under.

An umbrella under the roof of a building, for  example, so this saturated shade of blue green  

cannot be seen without the help of stimulation  by laser. So this is how it cannot be seen with  

the naked eye. So what tool does it need? Not  a microscope, it needs stimulation by laser.

So remember in this context indeed was  emphasizing the fact that the color cannot  

be seen with the naked eye so they're adding  on the fact that it can only be seen with the  

help of stimulation by laser emphasizes that  fact. So that's how they're using Indeed here.

The researchers from UC Berkeley  and the University of Washington  

had laser pulses fired into their eyes.

In this case, fired into means  the laser pulses went directly  

into their eyes. So that's what fired into means.

This O vision system technique, so this technique  I guess of firing laser pulses into your eyes,  

named in homage to the Emerald City in the  novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. So of  

course you know the movie probably  without the word wonderful in it.

But the novel contains the word wonderful,  

so the Wizard of Oz. And remember they  were originally asking about the link,  

the connection between the new color and  the Wizard of Oz. So I guess they used this  

technique and this technique is named the Oz  Vision System. Now, named in homage, homage.

This means in tribute to or in respect  to something else so in this case they  

named the system the Oz vision system to be  respectful to the novel and movie The Wizard  

of Oz. So that's the link that's the connection  between the new color and the Wizard of Oz.

Notice in this case it's in homage, which  is very common. You can also use to pay  

homage. So for example, the statue was built  to pay homage or in homage to the volunteers.

In American English I have heard people leave out  the age, so to turn the h into a silent age and  

pronounce it as homage. Now in the dictionary for  the American pronunciation they do list that as  

an alternative in the Cambridge dictionary, and  I listened to this word on Uglish, which is a.

Great resource and I did hear some  speakers drop the H but more speakers  

pronounced the H. Now in the dictionary  for British English they only listed the  

pronunciation with the H so just know if  you've ever pronounced it without the H  

or you've heard people just know that is  a standard alternative in the dictionary.

And the website I mentioned where you  can hear native speakers pronouncing  

a specific word is called Uglish, so  you can just put this word homage in  

Uglish and you'll see all the results and  you can see how many times the speakers  

pronounce the age, how many times they  don't. I personally pronounce the H.

Named in homage to the Emerald City in  the novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.  

So remember we're talking about this  Oz vision system technique which is  

basically shooting laser pulses, firing la laser.

directly into your eye, so this system  or this technique can allow people to  

see beyond so more than past the  normal gamut of color perception.

So the normal gamut, gamut,  notice that pronunciation ga gat.

The normal gamut of color perception means  the normal range of color perception.

Now you could say the new store offers a  wide gamut, so a wide range of products  

instead of saying range you can say  gamut, a wide range gamut of products,  

and then you could have the categories.  There's the category of electronics and  

clothing so you can say from electronics  to clothing and it represents everything.

In between. Now there is uh an expression  that we have to run the gamut of something  

and then the something is the category.  So let's say the category is emotions.  

If you run the gamut of emotions, it  means you experience the full range.

of. So I might say to you, you'll run  the gamut of emotions when you speak  

English in public. You'll experience  all the emotions, the positive ones,  

excitement, pride, and the negative  ones, fear, nervousness, anxiety,  

you'll run the gamut of emotions. So that's  a great word to have in your vocabulary.

Let's continue. We predicted from the beginning.  OK, so we have quotations here so I know this is  

a quote, so someone is saying these words  now most likely it's these researchers,  

these scientists because that's the last person  who was referenced we predicted from the beginning  

that it would look like an unprecedented color  signal so it being the new color they discovered.

But we didn't know what the brain would do  with it, so what the brain would do with it,  

how the brain would react to it, how the brain  would interpret or use that new information,  

said Professor Ng, it was jaw  dropping so imagine you're.

You're running, you're a scientist  running an experiment and you look  

at the results and your jaw drops. Well,  there's some sort of shock or surprise,  

but it can be positive or negative. Your  jaw can drop because the results are so  

terrible or your jaw can drop because the  results are so amazing or positive, so.

You might say casually, I received a  jaw dropping present. So someone gave  

you a present, you, you unwrapped it,  you open the box and your jaw dropped,  

but was it positive or negative?  You have to give more information.

Now here jaw dropping is an adjective.  I received a present. What type of  

present? A great present a terrible  present, a jaw dropping present.  

You can also use it as a verb. You could  say my jaw, which is right here, my jaw.

Dropped. So the verb is to drop, but  your jaw is the subject. My jaw dropped,  

so in the past simple when I received the present.

It's incredibly saturated. We already  reviewed saturated, full, rich.

Let's keep going. Professor Ng told the BBC that  Olo, remember this was the name of the new color,  

that Olo was more saturated than any  color that you can see in the real world.

Now maybe you could say that you can see with  your naked eye, but I'm not sure if that's an  

exact translation in the sense that it conveys the  correct meaning that the scientists want to mean,  

but that's grammatically correct that you can  see with your naked eye, with your naked eye.

Before they used the naked eye, that's  fine. You can use the or you can use  

your to make it a possessive. The  authors of the study believe Oz  

will help them delve into how the  brain creates visual perception.

Of the world. Let's review to delve  into. So this is a phrasal verb and  

it means to investigate thoroughly  or to study review thoroughly.

Here's an example in the past simple,  the study delved. Not that pronunciation,  

this ED is just pronounced as a soft D del  delved. The study delved into the causes of color.

Blindness. So color blindness is a condition where  you are unable to see colors fully or at all will  

help them delve into how the brain creates  visual perceptions of the world as reported by  

the BBC it may also allow them to learn more about  color blindness or diseases that affect vision.

And vision is, of course, your ability to see.  So your ability to see, we call that vision.

If your vision is affected to the  point where you cannot see at all,  

you would say she is blind or he is blind, so  it's to be blind, blind, unable to see could  

be something you're born with or it could  be the result of a disease or an accident.

Now, there's also uh a term that's common in North  America, which is she's legally blind. This is.

This means that she has some sight, but her  sight is not good enough to drive for example  

so if you're legally blind you're unable to have  a driver's license and there may be other impacts  

of that from a government support perspective  so sometimes they use the term legally blind.

Now if a person has a disease that  is slowly gradually affecting their  

vision and they're losing their vision,  you could say she's going blind so she  

can see now but it's her vision is getting  worse and worse and worse and it's expected  

that in the future she will not be able  to see so you can say she's going blind.

While it does not fully capture the color, the  researchers shared an image of a turquoise,  

turquoise, turquoise square  to give a sense of the hue.

So this gives us a sense of the new color  called Olo, but notice they said it does  

not fully capture the color so this is not the  color, this is just to give us an idea because  

remember only 5 people have seen this color  and they have seen it by having laser pulses.

Fired into their eyes. It cannot be seen  by the naked eye. You might be wondering  

what the difference between hue and a shade  is because before we talked about a shade,  

a shade, not shade, which is shelter from the sun  or protection from the sun, but a shade, a shade.

Because protection from the sun, we actually  don't use an article, so you would say I need to  

find shade or I need to find some shade, but here  it's a noun, so you would say a shade, a shade.

So someone could look at my shirt and  say, oh, that's a beautiful shade of blue,  

a shade of blue. So a shade is a  color that is lightened or darkened,  

but then hue is just the base color.  So you can think of hue as just blue.

But then light blue is a shade. Dark blue  is a shade, and there are generally names  

for all of these shades, many of which  I do not know. Baby pink is light pink,  

for example. So if you know the the names  of the shades for light blue and dark blue,  

honestly, I can't think of them, so  you can share them in the comments.

Now instead of saying well it  does not fully capture the color,  

you could say well it does not do it justice.

And this means it isn't a perfect  example or the best example,  

but it gives you a general idea so it's  better than nothing. Seeing this for us,  

at least it gives us an idea of what this  new color is. Now this is commonly used,  

let's say I saw an amazing piece of  art or a beautiful, I read a beautiful.

Poem or I saw an incredible movie and  I'm trying to describe it to you the  

best I can. So for this piece of art I'm  trying to explain the hues and the shades,  

but then I can say my description isn't doing  it justice. So I'm letting you know that the way  

I'm describing it isn't the best, but at least  you have a general idea of what this beautiful.

Full picture or painting is, but I'm  encouraging you to see the painting for  

yourself so it's a great expression to  have in your vocabulary my description,  

my review, my, my summary isn't doing  it justice. Now instead of it you could  

say isn't doing the poem justice, the  story justice, the painting justice.

And that's the end of the article,  so I'll read the article from start  

to finish, and this time you can focus on my  pronunciation. Scientists discover new color,  

Olo, and there's a link to the Wizard of Oz.

A team of scientists claimed to have discovered  a new color that no human has ever seen before,  

but what does the Wizard of Oz have to do with  this contested discovery? The snag is that it's  

only ever been witnessed by 5 people in the  world and cannot be seen by the naked eye.

Indeed, the color said to be a saturated shade of  

blue green cannot be seen without  the help of stimulation by laser.  

The researchers from UC Berkeley and the  University of Washington had laser pulses.

Fired into their eyes, this  Oz vision system technique,  

named in homage to the Emerald City in the  novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz can allow  

people to see beyond the normal gamut of color  perception. We predicted from the beginning  

that it would look like an unprecedented  color signal, but we didn't know what the  

brain would do with it, said Professor Ng. It  was jaw dropping. It's incredibly saturated.

Professor Ng told the BBC that OLO was more  saturated than any color that you can see in  

the real world. The authors of the study  believe Oz will help them delve into how  

the brain creates visual perceptions  of the world. As reported by the BBC,  

it may also allow them to learn more about  color blindness or diseases that affect vision.

While it does not fully capture the  color, the researchers shared an image  

of a turquoise square to give a sense of the  hue. Think of everything you've learned. Now  

you'll learn natural expressions and  improve your listening skills at the  

same time. We'll do this as a listening  test. You'll listen to a sentence of.

English 3 times. You need to write down  what you hear. Now, at first, you may not  

understand the words I say or the meaning of  the words. Don't worry, I'll explain everything  

in detail so you get the comprehensible input  you need. Keep your eyes peeled for the street.

Keep your eyes peeled for the street.

Keep your eyes peeled for the  street. So how'd you do? I said,  

keep your eyes peeled for the street.  Now let's talk about those pronunciation  

changes. Keep your eyes peeled. Your can  sound very unstressed. You keep your eyes,  

keep your eyes. And notice how your and eyes  link together. You're going to hear that R sound.

On both sides of the word if we link them,  your eyes, your eyes. So the second word  

instead of eyes really sounds like rise because  it has that R, but you have to say it together,  

your eyes, your eyes, and of course peeled.  ED is a soft D. Keep your eyes peeled, peeled.

And 4 also becomes very unstressed fur. Keep  your eyes peeled for the street. Now notice  

you hear that are the most in the word street.  Make sure you get that R sound straight. Now,  

do you understand what this means? To keep  one's eyes peeled is an idiom. It means to  

stay alert and watch carefully. So carefully  watch for the street so we don't miss it.

Now you could say keep your eyes peeled for the  client. Notice you use that preposition for and  

then something or someone. You can keep your  eyes peeled, watch carefully for someone, the  

client. Now in this example it's the imperative  which is used for an instruction or a direction.

I could also say to you, keep your  eyes peeled for any opportunities  

to practice your English. So remember  4 and something, and in this case the  

something is any opportunities to practice  English. Watch carefully. So are you going  

to keep your eyes peeled for that? If  you are, put that's right, that's right,  

put that's right in the comments. Now let's  look at this sentence. She kept her eyes peeled.

For the trail markers during the hike,  so remember you need to conjugate your  

verb keep. In this case it's  the past simple kept she kept,  

and you have to make sure the possessive  matches the subject. The subject is she,  

so it's her eyes peeled. If you're ever in the  neighborhood, keep your eyes peeled. So keep your  

eyes peeled for the headlines that will bring  it. So well, I don't have answers for you here.

Keep your eyes peeled. Let's do this  exercise again. I'll say it 3 times.

Are we still on for tonight?

Are we still on for tonight?

Are we still on for tonight? Did you hear what  I said? I said, are we still on for tonight?  

Notice how still and on linked together,  and you'll hear that L sound on on so it  

will sound like still on, still on, still  on again, 4 can become fur still on fur.

da da. So notice that syllable stress. The  first syllable is unstressed, so 2 becomes  

that unstressed ta, and the night is your stress  syllable tonight, da da tonight. Now what does  

this mean? Well, this means that we made plans and  I'm confirming that our plans are still happening.

So this expression is used socially shortly before  plans, maybe the day before or the night before  

to confirm the person isn't going to cancel that  plan. They're still going to go to show up so you  

could say, are we still on for lunch? Now notice  for something in this case lunch is the plan we.

Have now you can use any time reference. You  can say for lunch today, this afternoon or  

tomorrow. And this is an alternative to  simply asking, are we still having lunch  

today? So that's the activity, and then I  can say, are we still on for lunch? Now,  

if the activity is known, I can simply  say, are we still on for tomorrow?

Tomorrow if it's known that we're having  lunch so you can just use the time reference  

you could also say, are we still on  for studying English tomorrow? So the  

activity is studying English now if I send  you a text message and say are we still on  

for tonight? you could reply back and say  yep, which is a casual way of saying yes.

Yep, can't wait. So show some enthusiasm, or  you can say absolutely, see you at 7 p.m. You're  

questioning, are we still on? The confident  woman assumes that you're still on. I'm great,  

thanks. Are we still on for the kayak trip? Oh,  you bet. I have the kayaks and the equipment.  

Let's try this exercise again. I'll say this  sentence 3 times. Is the museum walkable?

Is the museum walkable?

Is the museum walkable? Oh, did you get  this one? Is the museum walkable? So let's  

talk about the pronunciation for museum. So  notice you have that voiced Z sound museum,  

and there are three sounds museum, museum, museum.

And then the word that maybe  you're not familiar with,  

walkable, Walkable. So here there are  3 sounds walkable. So notice that uh.

And then bull, it's not able it's walkable,  

walkable. Now let's talk about a very useful  word for you to know to be walkable. So this  

means that something is close enough to be  able to comfortably walk to the location.

So is the museum close enough that we  can walk there and not be exhausted  

or sweaty or feel really bad after we  get there? Is the museum walkable? So  

if I send you a message and say,  are we still on for lunch today?

You could reply back and say absolutely, but I  only have 30 minutes. What's walkable? What's  

walkable? So what can we walk to quickly because  we're short on time? Or I could say a new Thai  

restaurant opened last week, but I don't think  it's walkable, so you can use I don't think,  

but to make walkable negative, remember it's  the verb to be so you would say but it's.

Not walkable or it isn't walkable. There  are two ways to form that contraction in  

the present simple. Walkable can be used in a  different way, so listen to this sentence. One  

thing that makes New York City unique is  how walkable it is. Most residents don't  

even own cars, so in this case, walkable  is used to describe a geographical area.

It can be a small area such as a neighborhood or  a large area such as a city, and it means that  

it's easy to walk in that area. It's walkable on  top of our residential and commercial uses. These  

are very different. These are in downtown  walkable space, no drivers. They're banal,  

they're not sustainable, they're not  walkable, they're certainly not beautiful.  

Let's try this again. I'll say it 3 times.  Let's head out early to beat the traffic.

Let's head out early to beat the traffic.

Let's head out early to beat the traffic. Did  you get this one? I said let's head out early  

to beat the traffic. Notice how head out combined  together to sound like head out doubt. So you hear  

that D sound on out, head out, head out. In the  word early you want that long R as well early.

You want to make sure you hear that R early.  Now, to beat, because 2 is a preposition,  

it becomes unstressed to beat, to to beat and then  traffic, you don't want to hear the R, you want  

to hear the vowel traffic, traffic and then beat  is the same pronunciation as the vegetable beat.

Now, do you know what the phrasal verb  to head out means? Native speakers love  

using this phrasal verb. It means  to leave a place or start a journey.

So someone could ask you what time are you  heading out? What time are you leaving? but  

it's whatever place you're at. If you're  at your home, it means your home. If  

you're at work or a restaurant, it means those  locations and then you can reply back and say  

I'm heading out in the present continuous.  I'm heading out around 6:30 a.m. so I can.

Beat the traffic. Now notice here I said so I can  beat, but in my example sentence originally I said  

to beat the traffic. This is the short form of  the purpose clause in order to beat the traffic,  

but native speakers generally drop in  order and just say to beat the traffic.

Now, native speakers also commonly start sentences  with a purpose clause to beat the traffic,  

let's head out at 6:30 a.m. Remember, this means  in order to beat, this is a purpose clause. It's  

not the infinitive because in English grammar,  we don't start sentences with the infinitive.

To make a general statement, you would use the  gerund verb. For example, beating the traffic in  

New York City is always a challenge of course to  beat the traffic, this means to avoid the traffic  

and if you beat it, it means you get ahead  of it so you leave earlier or later to.

Avoid it. You can also just take specific  streets to beat the traffic to avoid the  

traffic. Hey buddy, let's head out to our  areas. Let's head out into the rainforest  

and see how she's doing. Let's head out to  the lake. I'll show you around. Let's do  

this exercise again. I'll say it 3 times. I  tried to get a little shut eye on the brake.

I tried to get a little shut eye on the brake.

I tried to get a little shut eye on the break.  Did you get this one? I said I tried to get a  

little shut eye on the break. Let's talk  about to get a little because those sounds  

really blended together to get a little,  get togea. So 2 becomes that unstressed ta  

get ah combines together getagea together.  Now little native speakers, including me.

Generally pronounce the T's as soft D's  little little. Some native speakers really  

reduce this word and it just sounds like  little little get a little get a little,  

but you can pronounce those as softies, get a  little, little, get a little to get a little.

And then shut I we turn that t into a  soft d because it's between vowels and  

you'll hear it on both words  should I die, die, should I,  

should I. Now what is should I?  It's a noun and it means sleep.

So you can say I tried to get some  shut I, a little shut I, a few minutes  

of shut eye. You could replace shut I with  sleep and all those examples on the break.

Now shut eye is commonly used for a short  period of sleep, such as a nap. For example,  

he managed to get some shut eye on  the plane. Now notice the verb is get,  

so you could say he got in the past  simple, he got some shut eye on the  

plane. And notice that preposition I used  with break on a break. You could also say.

During a break, native speakers commonly use on  and of course a break in the context of work is  

a short period of time when you're not working.  You can say I called my friend on my break to  

see in order to see, so the purpose clause to  see if we're still on for coffee after work.

Now you could also say, hopefully I can get  a few minutes of shut eye before we meet. I'm  

exhausted. Now let's get some shut-eye. New  studies show that those who are under stress  

and don't get enough shut eye could age up  to 6 times faster than they would otherwise,  

giving a whole new meaning to the term  beauty rest. For others, losing shut eye.

Result in hormonal imbalance,  illness, and in extreme cases,  

death. Now let's do a shadowing exercise  so you can repeat after me and practice all  

these pronunciation changes. I'll say each  sentence and you need to repeat after me,  

and I'll say each sentence 3 times.  Keep your eyes peeled for the street.

Keep your eyes peeled for the street.

Keep your eyes peeled for the street.

Are we still on for tonight?

Are we still on for tonight?

Are we still on for tonight?

Is the museum walkable?

Is the museum walkable?

Is the museum walkable?

Let's head out early to beat the traffic.

Let's head out early to beat the traffic.

Let's head out early to beat the traffic.

I tried to get a little shut eye on the brake.

I tried to get a little shut eye on the brake.

I tried to get a little shut eye on the break.

Amazing job. Do you want me to make another  lesson where we practice fast English?  

If you do, put yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes,  yes, yes, yes in the comments below. And of  

course make sure you like this lesson, share  it with your friends and subscribe so you're  

notified every time I post a new lesson, and  you can get this free speaking guide where I  

share 6 tips on how to speak English fluently and  confidently. You can click here to download it or  

look for the link in the description. And here's  another lesson I know you'll love. Watch it now.