Speak English Like A Native Speaker in ONLY ONE HOUR

Today I have an advanced English  vocabulary master class for you,  

so you can improve your English and speak more  fluently and confidently in the next one hour.

Welcome back to JForrest English.

Of course, I'm Jennifer.

Now let's get started.

First in this master class, let's  start with a grammar point that  

I see a lot of students make mistakes with,  and that's the conjugation of the verb have.

It's simple, right?

But what about when you?

Use it in the present isn't perfect.

Or the past perfect and you have had had.

That's right, had had.

So let's learn all about  the rules of using have now.

Our infinitive form of the verb is to.

Have of course.

We can use the infinitive in  certain sentence structures.

For example, I'd like to have more time.

So here is the infinitive being used.

Now we can also use the base verb.

The base verb is have.

So we simply drop the two from the  infinitive to get our base verb.

We can also use the base verb  in certain sentence structures.

For example, I'll have time tomorrow.

Here we're using it in the future.

Simple, we need will and a base verb.

Our base verb is have.

I'll have time tomorrow.

Now here's where things get tricky.

In the present simple form of  the verb, we have two options.

We have have and has.

Your choice depends on the subject.

We use have for the subjects I, you, we, and they.

For example, they have two kids.

Now we use has in the present simple for the  subjects ** *** and it are third person singular.

For example, she has two kids.

The past form of the verb is had.

This is for all subjects.

For example, she had a muffin for breakfast.

Now here's where things get tricky for students.

Let's talk about the present perfect.

So the present perfect with the verb  have can be formed in two different ways.

It can be formed as has had or have had.

Now had is the same for all subjects.

It doesn't change, but has and have  changes according to the subject.

You already learned this with the present simple.

So you know that we would use have had four  subjects I, you, we, and they For example,  

we've had enough and we use has had four subjects.

** *** it the third person singular.

For example, she's had enough now.

Notice how I'm using a contraction  I've you've weave Dave, she's he's  

it's native English speakers  always use contractions with  

the present perfect so I encourage  you to get comfortable with that.

So just remember your choice between  have had and has had depends on the  

subject and we use has had for  third person singular he sheet.

It and we.

Use have, had for all other subjects.

I, you, we, and they.

And now we come to had, had.

This sounds really bizarre, right?

But it's grammatically correct because  this is the past perfect form of the verb.

Now had, had is used for all  subjects, so it doesn't change.

We use had, had for I, you,  ** *** it, we and they.

So this one is easy to remember.

You just have to remember that had had is the past  

perfect and have had and has  had is the present perfect.

That's the thing that you need to remember now.

Native English speakers also use contractions with  had, had, so you're not going to hear a native  

speaker say had had very often you'll hear the  contraction, and the contraction is very subtle.

It's a very soft sound.

I'd had, you'd had, he'd had, she'd  had it had, we'd had, they'd had.

So it's a very soft sound Added to the subject.

For example, he'd had a busy week.

He'd had a busy week.

So notice it sounds very  similar to he had a busy week,  

which is just the past simple form of the verb.

So let's listen to those two sentences again.

He had a busy week, He'd had a busy week.

Hmm, I say.

Even a native speaker would have a  hard time hearing that difference.

It's the sentence structure  and the rest of the sentence  

that will let you know if it's a  simple past or the past perfect.

So you have to pay attention to context as well.

So this is a lesson that you're going to have to  review a few times to get comfortable with it,  

and I definitely recommend that you just take  some notes so you remember that difference.

And now I want you to practice.

So of course I want you to leave a present  simple sentence, a past simple sentence,  

a present perfect sentence, and bonus points if  you can leave a past perfect sentence as well.

And remember, your conjugation  depends on the subject.

Amazing job.

Now let's expand your vocabulary.

Native speakers love using idioms.

So you're going to learn 22 idioms that you  can use in the workplace to press your boss,  

impress your clients, and impress your colleagues.

Let's review these idioms now.

Our first idiom to see.

Eye to eye.

To see eye to eye.

This means that you agree with  someone or that there is agreement.

You could say it's important that the team  sees eye to eye on the projects objectives.

You can commonly use this in the negative to say  

we didn't see eye to eye on the project  objectives, which means you didn't agree.

We don't see eye.

To eye, our next idiom is very similar.

It's to be on the same page.

This is when you have a shared  understanding or agreement.

So to see eye to eye is always with  agreement, but to be on the same page  

is when you have the same understanding,  so similar but slightly different.

For example we need to be on the same page  regarding the timeline for the project.

We commonly use this with GET.

We need to get the team on the same page.

So this sounds like right now the team isn't on  the same page and GET is used for that transition.

So we need to get the team on the same page.

Go from not a general understanding  to a general understanding.

We on the same page.

I love this one to hit the nail on the head.

This means that you describe exactly  what is causing a problem or a situation.

So it's simply your description is 100% correct.

For example, you really hit the  nail on the head with your analysis.

Your analysis was 100% correct.

You could also use this.

Something as the subject and say your  analysis hit the nail on the head.

Your analysis was 100% correct.

Now don't worry about writing all of  these idioms down because I summarize  

everything in a free lesson PDF, so you  can look for the link in the description.

Our next idiom to have a lot on ones plate.

This.

Likely describes you.

It describes everyone.

I have a lot of my plate.

This means you're very busy or you  have a lot of tasks to complete.

You might say I can't take on  any more projects right now.

I already have a lot on my plate.

You could also say.

I have a lot on my plate with the conference.

So you could specify a specific task.

And then say you have many individual  tasks for that one item, the conference.

You have many different things to do.

I have a lot on my plate with the  conference to get the hang of.

This will make you sound very natural.

This is when you become skilled  with or familiar with something.

You could say it took a while, but I  finally got the hang of the new software.

So now you're familiar with the software,  you're skilled at using the software.

Or you could say using idioms was tricky at first,  

but I got the hang of them and hopefully  my videos are helping you do that.

So put in the comments.

I got the hang of idioms.

I got the hang of idioms.

Because I'm sure.

You'll get the hang of them very  quickly next to cut corners.

This is a -1.

When you cut corners, it means you  do something in the quickest or the  

easiest way possible, but you sacrifice quality.

Now, hopefully your company says we can't  afford to cut corners with our safety measures,  

and that means your company is going to do  things properly, even if it takes longer,  

even if it's more expensive, because  they're not willing to sacrifice quality.

And if your company doesn't say that,  they'll get a bad reputation and someone  

might say don't use that company, they cut  corners, which is not a positive thing.

You can't cut corners in life.

A ballpark figure.

This is a sports reference, but  it's extremely common in business.

You need to know this 1A ballpark figure  is an approximation or a rough estimate.

So someone might ask, can you give me a  ballpark figure for the budget of the project?

They're asking you for an estimate, so  not a specific number, just an estimate.

The person could reply and say  we don't have the budget yet,  

but if I had to ballpark it if I had to.

Give you a ballpark figure.

If I had to ballpark it, that's  what a native speaker would say.

If I had to ballpark it, I'd say $100,000.

So that's my estimate of the budget, but it's not  the exact number, it's just a ballpark figure.

Take a guess, ballpark figure.

Our next one, maybe you know  this to be in the same boat.

Have you heard this one?

This is when you're in the same  difficult situation as someone else.

We're in the same boat when it comes.

To global.

Warming We're all in the same situation.

It doesn't matter if it happens  in India or Africa or New York.

It affects us all.

We're all.

In the same boat.

I'm in the same boat.

Back to the drawing board,  this one is frequently used.

This is when you have to start a task or  project again because your previous attempt.

Failed for.

Example, the marketing campaign didn't.

Work as expected, so it's back.

To the drawing board to pull strings.

Oh, I love this one.

This is when you use your influence  to manipulate or control a situation.

For example, she managed to pull some  strings and get the project approved.

So this sounds like the project wasn't  approved, but she had influence.

Maybe she knew someone on the board  that was approving the project,  

so she used her relationship with that  person to get the project approved.

She pulled some strings to  get the project approved.

Someone might ask you, how did you  get VIP tickets to Taylor Swift and  

you can reply back and say I pulled  some strings, I pulled some strings.

Our next idiom to cross one's fingers.

This is used to hope for good  luck or a positive outcome.

For example, I'm crossing my fingers that  

the client likes our proposal and  notice that I'm doing the gesture.

We commonly do the gesture in North  America when we use this expression.

We also use this as a reply to say I hope so.

So someone might say you'll do a great job on  

the presentation and you can  simply say fingers crossed.

But it's very to do the gesture.

Does this gesture exist in your culture?

Let us know in the comments.

Say yes it does.

Or no, it doesn't.

I'm really curious to know, fingers crossed,  how about this idiom to be on the ball?

Do you know this one?

This means that you're alert and  quick to understand or respond.

So this is a +1.

Your boss might say Our team needs to be  on the ball to meet the tight deadline.

So the team needs to be very quick, very alert.

They need to be on the ball.

Our next idiom to throw in the towel.

I hope you never do this.

This means to give up or surrender.

So if you say English idioms are so confusing  I'm throwing in the towel, it means you're  

closing this video, you're unsubscribing  from my channel, and you're quitting.

So please don't throw in the towel.

She's throwing in the towel.

So put in the comments.

I won't throw in the towel.

I won't throw in the towel because sometimes  it might seem difficult, but keep at it.

I know you'll get the hang of  it #14 to have one's hands tied.

This means you're unable to take action  because of external all circumstances.

So maybe you ask your boss for an extra day of  vacation and your boss says I'd like to help,  

but my hands are tied due to company policy.

So the external situation or  circumstance is the company policy.

It.

Forbids additional vacation days,  so your boss can't do anything.

Your boss's hands are tied.

So to deliver bad news, a native speaker will  commonly say Sorry, my hands are tied my.

Hands are tied.

Next to burn the midnight  oil, something I never do.

This is when you work late into the night.

For example, we had to burn the midnight  oil oil in order to meet the deadline.

So I said this is something I never do.

And that's because I believe that I'm more  productive if I sleep for eight hours.

So I would rather sleep for 8 hours and  then the next day I'll be very productive.

If I burn the midnight oil, I'm going to waste an  entire day because I'm not going to be productive.

That's just my personal opinion  next to throw someone under the bus.

Oh, this is a good one.

This is when you blame someone else,  

or sacrifice someone for personal  gain or to avoid being blamed.

So let's say two Co workers.

Worked on a project together but then one  Co worker publicly said the other Co worker  

is the reason why the project failed even  though they made all decisions together.

That coworker is going to be  upset and they can say I can't  

believe she threw me under the bus at the meeting.

Sheldon.

Threw us all under the bus.

#17 to be on thin ice.

This is when you're in a  risky or dangerous situation.

So let's say your boss says to you.

This is the.

Third time, you're late.

You're on thin ice.

That's not a good position to be, because it means  that you're in a risky or dangerous situation.

In this case, you're at risk of losing your job.

You're on thin ice, so management will say this  to you to let you know that you're in trouble.

You're on thin ice.

Next to hit a snag, this probably  happens to people every single day.

This is when you encounter unexpected  problems, challenges, or difficulties.

So let's say you're about to launch a new  product and everything is going perfectly.

But then we hit a snag when the supplier  couldn't deliver the materials on time.

But don't throw in the towel because I'm.

Sure you can work.

Through it.

#19 to keep ones eyes.

Peeled.

This is when you stay alert and  watchful for something specific.

Your coworker.

Could say keep your eyes peeled  for any updates on the project?

Deadly line.

So your coworker is.

Telling you to.

Watch carefully for those updates.

Keep your eyes peeled.

#21 that your boss is going to love.

To cut a deal.

This is when you reach an  agreement, so an agreement.

Is a positive.

Thing your boss will be happy, but this  usually happens after a period of negotiation.

You could say it took us a while, but we finally.

Cut a deal.

Got a new deal?

#21 to be up in the air.

This is when things are uncertain,  undecided or unresolved.

For example, the conference is up in the air,  

so it's uncertain if you're even going  to have a conference or the status of it.

The planning of it, Everything is  uncertain, undecided, unresolved.

It's up in the air.

Or you could say our plans are up in the air.

Nothing has been decided, that's.

Up in the air.

And finally #22 in the works.

In the works, this means in progress.

So currently being developed or finalized.

The conference is in the works.

We're working on it.

We're developing it, We're finalizing it.

Our plans are in the works.

So they're not up in the air anymore.

They're in the works.

Oh, you are going to have so much  fun using those idioms at work.

Now let's keep going, because you need  to improve your listening skills so  

you can understand native speakers the first time.

Adding idioms to your speech  is a great way to do that,  

but let me share some other strategies as well.

Right now, here's how this lesson will work.

I'm.

Going to say a sentence at a fast  pace three times and you need to  

write down exactly what you hear in the comments.

Are you ready?

Let's start your first listening exercise.

I'll say it three times.

I'm a little rusty.

I'm a little rusty.

I'm a little rusty.

Did you get this one?

I said I'm a little rusty now.

Notice here I'm using a contraction.

I'm this is I am, I'm.

Now let's talk about a little.

Notice I didn't pronounce those T's.

I pronounce them as soft D's.

A little, little the the little.

And I connected them together a little, a little.

Now sometimes native speakers will completely drop  

those d's and they won't pronounce it  at all, and it will sound like Lil.

And then again, you connect it with the ah, a  little, a little a little rusty, a little rusty.

A little rusty.

Now, what does it mean to be a little rusty?

Rusty is an adjective.

So for sentence.

Structure.

You need to use the verb to be to be rusty.

I'm a little rusty.

She's a little rusty.

This is when a skill or an ability  isn't as good as it used to be.

Why?

Because of lack of practice.

So pay attention, English learners,  because you don't want to say.

I'm a little.

Rusty with my English?

You don't want to say that.

You definitely don't want to say.

I haven't watched AJ Force English lesson  in months, so my English is a little rusty.

That doesn't describe you  right, so put in the comments.

I'm not rusty.

I'm not rusty because you're  watching this lesson right now.

You're practicing your English,  which means you're not rusty.

I'm not rusty.

Put it in the comments.

You can use this with any skill or ability.

It's commonly used with sports.

Let's say you play tennis.

But it's winter right now, so you  can't play tennis because it's winter.

You might say I haven't played tennis  in six months, so I'm very rusty.

So notice in the sentence I said I'm very rusty.

You could also talk about this  specific skill or ability.

You could say my serve, my tennis  serve, my serve is very rusty.

Well.

My latin's a little rusty, look pretty rusty.

I'm very rusty.

Let's try this again.

I'll say it three times.

We tweaked the plan.

We tweaked the plan.

We tweaked the plan.

Did you get this one?

I said we tweaked the plan.

Now notice the pronunciation of tweak.

This is in the past simple, so  it's an Ed verb, but because.

The verb ends on a.

We need a soft T so it's not tweaked.

That's incorrect.

Is tweaked, tweaked.

But when you use this in a  sentence and there are words after,  

you're going to drop that T sound entirely.

So notice how tweaked the sounds in this sentence.

We tweak the plan.

It just sounds like the present simple tweak.

It's the context that will make it obvious  

that I'm talking about a past  action, not the pronunciation.

What does it mean to tweak  something when you tweak something?

You change it slightly, so just.

A little.

And you do that to make it more correct or more.

Effective.

Uncle Jim's tweaking the five things plan.

So let's say your friend or Co  worker wants you to review a  

speech they wrote and you really like  it, but you don't like the conclusion.

You might say your speech is great,  but I'd tweak the conclusion if.

I were you?

So you're suggesting that  they make a slight change,  

a small change to the conclusion to make it?

Better.

More effective?

I do have one small tweak.

Sorry, you have a tweak.

Now we also use this to make the changes  that we've made sound less significant,  

so to sound small, so if someone  gets upset because you changed.

Their.

Speech or presentation or plan, you  can say, Oh no, no, I didn't change it.

I We just tweaked it, which  means you did change it,  

but you only did it slightly a very small amount.

I just tweaked it.

And we tweaked.

It let's try this again.

I'll say it three times.

Keep an eye out for him.

Keep an eye out for him.

Keep an eye out for him.

Did you hear what I said?

I said keep an eye out for him.

Now let's talk about an I out,  because native speakers will  

combine all these sounds together  so it sounds like one an IO and IO.

And notice that I didn't say for him.

I dropped that H sound on him and it sounded like  M4M forum and then it also sounds like one word.

Keep an eye out forum.

Let's take a look at the grammar.

Because notice keep this is the base verb,  so that means it's the imperative verb tense.

And I'm using this because I'm  giving an order or a command.

Keep an eye out for him.

I'm not asking, I'm telling.

Just keep an eye out.

This is an expression, and it means that you  watch carefully for someone or something.

So let's say you're.

Driving along and you have car.

Troubles.

Maybe you get a flat tire, so you have to.

Pull.

To the side of the road now while you're.

Trying to fix the car?

Maybe you tell your friend  keep an eye out for other cars.

So.

Watch carefully for other cars so  you can say help, help, we need help.

Or you might say, keep an eye out for  snakes, because maybe you're in the desert.

Don't keep an eye out.

We use this a lot in the workplace.

Let's say you're expecting a delivery  but you have to leave to go to a meeting.

You might say to your Co  worker, I'm going to a meeting.

Can you keep an eye out for the delivery?

So you're asking your Co worker to watch  for the delivery, but watch carefully.

Thank you.

Keep an eye out.

Let's try this.

One more time.

I'll say it three times.

Can you show her the ropes?

Can you show her the ropes?

Can you show her the ropes?

Do you know what I said?

I said.

Can you show her?

The ropes.

Now notice can.

Because this is an auxiliary  verb, it's not the main verb.

It's pronounced as kin kin.

It's an unstressed sound.

Kin.

Can you show?

Because show is the main verb.

Can you show her now?

Here her same thing.

We can drop that H and it will  sound like ER, can you show her?

I'm happy to show her the.

Ropes.

When you show someone the ropes  and notice ropes is always plural.

When you show someone the  ropes, this is an expression,  

and we use it when you show someone how  to do a job or an activity or a task.

So if there's a new employee  or a new member on your team.

Your boss might.

Ask you Can you show her the ropes?

And you can say I'm happy to show her  the ropes, and if you're the new employee  

receiving the training after, you can say  thanks so much for showing me the ropes.

Like no one showed me the ropes.

Don't worry, we showed her the ropes.

Then Dr.

Yang is showing him the ropes.

Now let's do an imitation exercise so  you can practice your pronunciation.

I'm going to say each sentence three  times and I want you to repeat.

Rate each sentence out loud.

I'm a little rusty.

I'm a little rusty.

I'm a little rusty.

We tweak the plan.

We tweak the plan.

We tweak the plan.

Keep an eye out for him.

Keep an eye out for him.

Keep an eye out for him.

Can you show her the robes?

Can you show her the robes?

Can you show her the robes?

You're doing an amazing job.

You'll already be able to understand native  speakers better, But native speakers?

We use slang in our speech, and there's very  common slang that we use again and again and  

that you'll hear Youtubers, tik, tokers,  and other people on movies TV shows use.

So let's review the most common  slang that native speakers use  

so you can understand us in all situations.

First, is legit.

That movie was legit.

She's legit.

Do you know what this means?

Legit is short for legitimate,  So we just take that first part.

Legit, legitimate.

And in this context, legit means awesome, great,  

or the real deal, which is  another slight expression.

So if you think that this YouTube  channel is awesome, great, it's.

The real deal?

In the sense that it truly helps you improve  your English communication skills, you can say J.

Four is English.

Is legit, so put that in the comments  because you'll sound really cool.

Just like a native speaker.

Your favorite tik tokker.

Your favorite YouTube.

She's legit next.

Salty.

Don't be so salty.

Why are you?

Salty salty means irritated, annoyed or bitter.

Bitter meaning just unpleasant to be around.

A negative person, negative energy, negative.

The vibes.

You don't want that.

So you could say I try to avoid salty  people and surround myself with positive.

People.

And I love reading the comments section  because everyone is so positive.

Sometimes I get salty comments, but that's  normal in general, everyone is very positive.

So thank you so much for not being salty.

Let's talk about Flex, Someone might say.

She's always flexing about her adorable cats.

To flex means.

To show off or to boast to boast  is simply when you talk about your  

achievements in a very positive way, but  they're your own achievements now to.

Flex is this.

Motion right now.

Notice I don't have any muscles.

But if you go to the gym, a lot of guys will flex.

In the mirror to show off their  muscles, to show off, to boast.

So that's where this expression comes from.

Now, to be honest, I do flex about my cats a lot.

But they're so adorable, how could?

I not flex about them, They are just the best.

I hope my flexing doesn't make you salty.

Next, let's talk about shady.

That e-mail looks shady.

I wouldn't click that link if I were you.

Or maybe don't partner with him.

He's shady.

Do you know what this means to be shady?

So it's an adjective.

It's used when something like a link  in an e-mail or someone is suspicious,  

not trustworthy or deceitful.

Because he's being shady.

Now let's talk.

About low key, the party was pretty low key.

What does that mean?

You know it means the party was calm, not intense.

But keep in mind this isn't a negative thing.

Some people might not enjoy low key  parties, but other people may prefer them.

So it isn't negative.

It just depends on your preference.

For example, I just want a low key.

Birthday party so you can let the people.

Planning your party?

Know that you want something calm.

Relaxed.

Dinner.

Something casual.

Low key.

How about this one that?

Party.

Was Cray Cray?

Do you know what Cray Cray means?

Cray Cray is the same as crazy.

We just take the Cray from crazy  and for some reason we say it twice.

Why?

I have no idea.

Someone did it on TikTok and it  went viral and now all native.

Speakers do it.

That party was.

Cray Cray Crazy.

Intense.

Hence the opposite of low key.

We also use this with people.

My mother-in-law is Cray Cray you.

Girls are Cray Cray.

How about this one?

Sam's being so extra.

Do you know what that means?

Well, I didn't know what  this meant a few months ago.

In fact, this is exactly  what my friend said to me.

Her husband's name is Sam and she said  Sam's being so extra and I said extra what?

Extra what 100%?

I'm not.

Lying, that is, exactly.

How?

I replied.

I said.

Extra what?

Because usually it.

Sounds being so extra nice,  extra mean extra annoying.

You include an adjective to complete it, right?

So I was confused and I had to learn this  expression from my friend to be extra.

In this case, extra is the adjective.

To be extra means dramatic or excessive.

So why did my friend think  her husband was being extra?

Well, maybe she could say to me.

I asked him to clean the kitchen  and he made a big deal of it.

He's being so.

Extra.

Yeah, he was so extra, right?

How about this one?

Samara's so flaky.

Samara's such a flake.

Do you know what this means?

We have flaky or a flake.

They mean the same thing.

And this means unreliable or inconsistent.

Truth.

He's a total flake.

Let's say you asked your friend to  take you to the airport to confirm  

that your friend is in fact going to  pick you up and take you to the airport.

Because sometimes your friend is a flake.

Sometimes your friend is flaky, unreliable.

You can confirm by saying don't flake  out on me, don't flake out on me.

So you're confirming with your friend  that she isn't going to be a flake?

And she is in fact going to pick  you up and take you to the airport.

So your friend can reply back  and say I promise I won't.

Flake out?

How about lit?

The party was lit.

The concerts gonna be lit.

To be lit means exciting,  impressive or highly enjoyable.

You guys, my next video is gonna be lit.

So I'm letting you know my next  video is going to be awesome.

So make sure you watch it.

It's gonna be lit.

This party is.

Totally lit.

This party is gonna be so lit.

Well, what if I say the movie was a flop?

What does that mean?

A flop to be a flop.

That.

Was a total flop.

This means unsuccessful,  disappointing or not well received.

So ultimately people didn't like it.

It was a flop, so you might have a great idea for  something, but then it turns out to be a flop.

Unsuccessful.

Don't worry, that happens.

That happens to me with my lessons as well.

My lesson was a flop.

It got a lot of thumbs down, or not many.

People liked it, or they were really.

Salty in the comments, but hopefully  you don't think that about this lesson.

Hopefully you say your lessons.

A hit.

A hit.

This is our next slang expression to be a hit.

This means successful, well  received, the opposite.

Of a flop, so.

The movie.

Was a hit.

This movie could have been a hit.

#12 This is one you definitely need to know.

Hangry.

Have you heard this before?

Sorry, I'm just hangry.

Hangry is a combination of  hungry and angry, so it's when.

You.

Become angry only because you're hungry.

That's the reason why.

So, do you get hangry?

I get hangry if I miss lunch.

Well, at least that's what my husband says.

Or if you're on a long road trip,  

you might say we'd better find a  restaurant before the kids get hangry.

Someone's hangry.

And finally, one you  absolutely need to know ghost.

I can't believe she ghosted me.

Do you know what this means to Ghost?

Here we're using ghost as a verb to  ghost someone someone, Ghost someone.

She's ghosting you CC ghosting me.

And this is to end all communication with someone,  but without warning and without explanation.

So all of a sudden you get no more messages,  no more replies, and you have no idea why?

Because as far as you're concerned,  everything was going great.

And this is most commonly used  in romantic relationships,  

I guess because people are too afraid to  simply let the other person know that.

They're just not into them, so they ghost them.

Now you have so much vocabulary that you can use  to understand native speakers and sound like 1/2.

Now let's do something different.

Let's review a news article together.

Reading is one of the best ways to improve your  fluency because you can learn grammar, vocabulary,  

sentence structure and pronunciation  if you have a native speaker reading.

So that's what we'll do.

Right now, first I'll read the headline.

Researchers discover oldest known black hole  that existed not long after The Big Bang.

So let's talk about this,  the oldest known black hole.

So in this case, notice how I said the oldest?

But it's not here.

You might be wondering about  that because you might know  

that you need the when you're  making superlative statements.

But in headlines, they often leave out essential  grammar just to make the headline shorter.

So you need the oldest, the greatest,  the best, the strongest, the youngest.

If you're making a superlative, you  need the the oldest, the oldest.

Black hole, now known in this  case, is not functioning as a verb.

For example, I've known about  the black hole for 20 minutes.

I put that example here.

So in this case it's the verb no,  but it's in the participle form.

I've known about the black hole for 20 minutes,  but in this case, known is an adjective.

It means understood or proven.

Let's look at this.

This should be.

It's.

It's a fact that your videos are helpful.

So you could say that to me, Jennifer,  It's a fact that your videos are helpful.

Thank you so much.

Now you can add, it's a known fact because  remember, adjectives are not required for grammar.

So I can take it out and it's  still grammatically correct,  

but when I add it's a known fact, I'm  making it sound like it's something  

that's more understood by a large number  of people or you could even prove it.

So I'm just emphasizing the point.

It's a known fact that your videos are helpful, so  it sounds stronger than just saying it's a fact.

So if you agree with this.

I want you to put It's a  known fact in the comments,  

but Jennifer, it's a known fact  that your videos are helpful.

It's a known fact.

Put it in the comments.

Now don't worry about taking notes  because I summarize everything in  

a free lesson PDF so you can look  in the description for the length.

So let's continue and learn about this black hole.

So I guess this is an image right  here in this box of the black hole.

I am not a science expert.

I don't know very much about black holes.

Do you?

Because maybe I will learn a lot  about black holes in this article.

And you'll learn a lot about black  holes and English from this article.

The discovery of a gigantic black  hole, billions of light years from  

Earth is giving researchers a clear  picture of the dawn of the universe.

Gigantic.

This is another adjective for  very large, extremely large.

So if you want to emphasize  large, you can use gigantic.

I have a gigantic problem.

I ate a gigantic piece of cake.

I wrote those examples for you.

Now let's talk about light years.

I did not know what this was.

Well, I have an idea, but I didn't know what  the exact definition of a light year is.

I knew it was a form of measurement.

So it's the distance that  light travels in one year.

I did not know that it was in one year,  

and I certainly did not know that  it's 9.5 million million kilometers.

I can't even imagine how many kilometers that is.

That's a light year.

And this is a gigantic, gigantic black hole.

Billions of light years.

So remember, one light year is  9.5 million million kilometers.

So just imagine how far away  billions of light years is.

Can't imagine it.

Billions of light years from Earth is  giving researchers A clearer picture.

So remember I said before, when  you have a superlative we use the  

because you could say is giving  researchers the clearest picture.

But and you we need to use the and when  you have the EST, the clearest picture.

But that's not the meaning  because it changes the meaning.

A clearer is just a comparative it's more than  previous, but it's not the clearest which is  

the absolute greatest, the clearest picture,  a clearer picture of the dawn of the universe.

Dawn is a period of time in  the morning when the sun rises,  

and that takes place at different  times around the world, right?

So if you said I start work before dawn, it  means you start work before the sun rises.

So if the sun rises at 5:00 AM in your country,  

it means you start work at 4:45,  4/30 or anytime before dawn.

So that is just dawn as a time reference  that we use in our daily routines.

But when you say the dawn of something,  it means the beginning of something.

And we generally use this with  an extremely important event.

So the universe being created, obviously  an extremely important event right now.

You could say the dawn of the Internet.

Age revolutionize the way we work.

So this is the start of the Internet.

So you don't even need age here.

Age represents era, time reference,  the dawn of the Internet.

The start of the Internet  revolutionized the way we work.

So it's just a more academic, a more  literary, poetic way of saying the start of.

But remember, we only use it for  very important, significant events.

Researchers were able to pinpoint the  oldest black hole ever discovered.

So again, here we have oldest with  EST, so we know it's a superlative.

So we need the and because  we're no longer in the headline.

Remember, in the headline they leave  out grammar, but as soon as you get  

to the main article, they're going to  use all the necessary grammar required.

And the is required grammatically.

Let's talk about pinpoint.

This is a great verb to have in your vocabulary.

When you pinpoint something,  you discover the exact location.

But we also use this for facts.

So you understand, you discover  the specific facts of something.

So exact location or.

I'll say specific.

Facts of something.

So my example here, we're still  trying to pinpoint the bug.

Imagine a computer bug, a computer problem.

Now it could be the location of it.

You don't know where on your server or  where in the software program that bug is,  

so you have to pinpoint the location.

But it could.

Also be more the facts.

So why is this happening?

What is the cause of it?

What is the solution?

How long has this been going on?

So those are all the facts.

And in this case, we don't  really know which it is.

But if you say, oh, we're trying to pinpoint the  

location, then it's obvious you're  trying to find the exact location.

So this is a great verb to add to your vocabulary.

And not only is it ancient,  but it's absolutely colossal.

Ancient means extremely old.

And notice the pronunciation.

Chint chi chi chint, ancient, ancient.

So as an adjective, it's to be ancient.

That building is ancient.

Not only is it ancient, but  it's absolutely colossal.

In this case, absolutely.

It's just a intensifier.

It's extremely, very, and colossal also  means large, extremely large, very large.

So colossal already means very large.

And then you add absolutely,  which makes it even stronger.

But remember, before do you remember the word,  

what was the other adjective  that means very large, gigantic.

So either one, they both sound extremely  large and then you can add absolutely to  

make it sound even stronger, 10 times bigger  than the black hole in our own Milky Way.

So this is.

Our Galaxy, and there's a black hole in it,  formed 470 million years after The Big Bang.

Its existence confirms the  theory that supermassive  

black holes were part of the early universe.

Scientists estimate that the  universe is 13.7 billion years old,  

which makes the age of the  black hole 13.2 billion years.

So clearly the they're emphasizing  here how old the black hole is.

Now notice here formed.

Now they don't have the subject they start  with formed and then this its existence,  

the black hole's existence confirms.

Here is a simple example to  understand this grammar structure.

So we take the Ed form of the  verb and then you have some  

additional information to describe the sentence.

So in this case this is the sentence.

The company represented the dawn of AI.

So remember this the dawn of the start of AI.

The company represented the dawn of AI.

So this on its own is a completed sentence.

The company represented the dawn of AI.

But if I wanted to give more  information about the company,  

I can start by giving that information  first and then I can use a comma.

And then I have my completed  sentence formed in 2021.

The company represented the dawn of AI.

Now other ways of saying formed, you  could say established, created, started.

Those are different ways.

But notice they use the Ed form.

So this is a very common sentence structure.

It's a little more advanced, and if you use it, it  will make your writing look more advanced as well.

Let's continue.

The researchers believe the  black holes formed from huge  

clouds of gas that collapsed in a  Galaxy next to another with stars.

OK, so they're talking about the  formation of black holes in general.

Not necessarily.

This.

Specific black hole, because it's in plural.

So we're talking about black holes in general.

The black holes formed from huge clouds of gas.

So again, huge we could say  giant or colossal cause.

Huge also means very large.

Gigantic.

Well, I said giant.

You could say giant, gigantic,  colossal clouds of gas that collapsed.

So when something collapsed, it means it goes  from a upright position into a down position.

So let's take a house.

You have a solid house, but  then if that house falls and  

everything is in one single layer,  you would say the house collapsed.

That would be very unlikely to happen.

But a roof could collapse  and that is more possible.

But a very ancient.

An ancient, extremely old.

An ancient house, an ancient barn, an ancient  garage or shed structure could collapse.

So cloud, massive gigant Oval.

There's another one I just said that wasn't  on this list of ways to say very large,  

massive clouds of gas that collapsed in  a Galaxy next to another another Galaxy.

So next to is.

Besides, we have one Galaxy and  then another Galaxy with stars.

The two galaxies joined and  the black hole was in control.

To be honest I'm not 100% sure what this means  because I don't have a science background,  

but you learn some other ways to say very large  and if you if your background is more scientific,  

you've studied black holes or anything like that,  

feel free to share your your information  about the meaning of this article.

So this isn't part of the article, but I  wanted to have a very simple definition  

of what a black hole is, cause although I  have a general idea of what a black hole.

Is.

I wasn't 100% certain, so I asked ChatGPT.

What is a black hole?

That's what I put in ChatGPT,  So let's see the answer.

A black hole is like the cosmic  vacuum cleaner of the universe.

Cosmic as an adjective simply means that  it relates to the universe, so a black.

Hole is like.

The vacuum cleaner of the universe.

So now you have an image of a vacuum cleaner  because everyone knows what a vacuum cleaner is.

So imagine you're sucking up, you're  vacuuming a bunch of dirt in your living room.

So now you can imagine that's  what happens in a black hole.

So that's helpful.

It's always helpful, for me at least to  have an image of what these things are.

Or to relate.

It to an everyday object that  we know like a vacuum cleaner.

It's a region in space where gravity is so strong  that nothing, not even light can escape from it.

So I guess the fact that  light cannot escape from it.

So if light could escape from it, so  again remember the vacuum cleaner.

But light is getting sucked  into the vacuum cleaner.

So notice that's a verb.

I used when I was describing the  vacuum, I said you're sucking  

up some some dirt in your living room,  'cause that's what a vacuum cleaner does.

It sucks.

That's the motion.

So when dirt goes into it, it sucks up the dirt,  

so the light gets sucked up by  the vacuum by the black hole.

So that's probably why it's black hole, because  there's no light cause light cannot escape it.

Imagine a massive * massive this was.

I added it to the list of adjectives for  very large a massive * running out of fuel.

When you run out of something  it means you have none left.

So this means that the star has zero fuel left,  

but if it's running out of it  means it's still in the progress.

It's still in progress.

So it's in the progress of running out of fuel.

So it might have some fuel left now.

So to have none left, that's when  you use it as a completed action.

So you could say my car ran out of gas.

So this means your car has zero gas.

My car is running out of gas.

So you do have some gas.

So you have some gas, but not a lot.

And you're almost at 0.

You're going to be at 0 soon.

OK, so I'll just make these proper sentences  with periods and capitalize first letter.

So imagine a massive * running out of  fuel and collapsing under its own gravity.

So we have a whole *, but it has  no fuel left, so it collapse.

It flattens under its own gravity, so the weight  of the star's gravity causes it to collapse.

It's like a bottomless pit in space.

So bottomless means a pit is like a giant hole.

So again, black hole, 'cause that's what a pit is.

A pit is a very large hole.

But if there's.

But if it's a bottomless pit, it  means it does not have a bottom.

So imagine there's a hole in your  backyard, a pit in your backyard,  

which is a hole, and you look  in it and it just goes forever.

There's no bottom to it, and everything  gets sucked into that pit now,  

gobbling up anything that  gets too close gobbling up.

This.

Is a way of saying consume quickly.

For example, the gas gobbled up my pie, so they  consumed it quickly because your pie was really.

Good.

It was delicious.

So this is a positive.

Thing Oh my guess.

Gobbled up my pie.

They consumed it quickly.

But if you say my car gobbles up gas, that  isn't a positive thing because your your.

Car.

Your vehicle.

Consumes gas quickly, which  means it isn't fuel efficient.

So it can be positive to gobble something up,  

but it can also be negative,  so it means to consume quickly.

It's like a bottomless pit in space,  gobbling up anything that gets too close.

So I.

Really like this?

Description.

I find it's it's easier for  me at least to understand  

what a black hole is if I can have an image of it.

So now I have this.

Image of what a black hole is.

Let me know if that was helpful for you.

And again, if your area of expertise  is science or studying the universe,  

then feel free to share more  information about this because  

I feel very confident teaching you  the language, the English language.

But to be honest, I don't feel that  confident teaching you about black holes.

So don't learn black holes from me.

And that is the end of our article.

So what I'll do now is I'll go to the  beginning of the article and I'll read  

it from start to finish and this time  you can focus on my pronunciation.

Researchers discover oldest known black hole  that existed not long after The Big Bang.

The discovery of a gigantic black  hole billions of light years from  

Earth is giving researchers A clearer  picture of the dawn of the universe.

Researchers were able to pinpoint the  oldest black hole ever discovered.

And not only is it ancient,  but it's absolutely colossal,  

10 times bigger than the black  hole in our own Milky Way.

Formed 470 million years after The Big Bang.

Its existence confirms the  theory that supermassive  

black holes were part of the early universe.

Scientists estimate that the  universe is 13.7 billion years old,  

which makes the age of the  black hole 13.2 billion years.

The researchers believe the black  holes formed from huge clouds of  

gas that collapsed in a Galaxy next to another.

With stars, the two galaxies joined  and the black hole was in control.

ChatGPT What is a black hole?

A black hole.

Is like the cosmic vacuum cleaner of the universe.

It's a region in space where gravity is so strong  that nothing, not even light, can escape from it.

Imagine a massive * running out of fuel  and collapsing under its own gravity.

It's like a bottomless pit in space,  gobbling up anything that gets too close.

Amazing job you've completed.

The master class.

Do you want me to make more master classes  to help you become fluent in English?

If you do then put.

Yes, I do but.

Yes, I do.

In the comments so I know  you want more master classes.

And of course, make sure you like this  video, share it with your friends,  

and subscribe so you're notified  every time I post a new lesson.

And you can get this free.

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keep improving your English  with this lesson right now.