English Grammar: Past Simple Time Markers

1,077,250 views ・ 2013-09-16

English with Emma


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:01
Hello. My name is Emma, and in today's lesson, we are going to talk about something many
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. 제 이름은 μ— λ§ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였늘 μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§Žμ€
00:08
students have difficulty with. We are going to talk about the past simple -- or simple
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학생듀이 μ–΄λ €μ›Œν•˜λŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 학생듀이 μ–΄λ–€ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 될 수 μžˆλŠ” λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° λ˜λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœ
00:16
past -- tense and time markers, which can help students to figure out what tense to
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κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œμ™€ μ‹œκ°„ ν‘œμ‹œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:22
use. So I'll explain this in a second. First, my question: What is the past simple?
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” 이것을 μž μ‹œ 후에 μ„€λͺ…ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ¨Όμ €, 제 μ§ˆλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄λž€ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:30
What is the simple past? Well, "I ate two cookies." The present tense: "I eat two cookies.
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κΈ€μŽ„, "μΏ ν‚€ 두 개 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄ ." ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œ: "μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
Every day, I eat two cookies." So in the past, we would say "ate". So usually, simple past
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맀일 μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ³Όκ±°μ—λŠ” "λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€"라고 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 일반적으둜 λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°λŠ”
00:48
are verbs, actions that end in "-ed". So we have "cleaned" -- "I cleaned the floor." "I
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"-ed"둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” λ™μž‘μΈ λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "μ²­μ†Œν–ˆλ‹€" -- "λ°”λ‹₯을 μ²­μ†Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." "λ‚˜λŠ”
01:02
cooked spaghetti." "I baked a cake." "I worked all night." These are all "-ed" -- past verbs.
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μŠ€νŒŒκ²Œν‹°λ₯Ό μš”λ¦¬ν–ˆλ‹€." "케이크 κ΅¬μ› μ–΄μš”." " λ°€μƒˆλ„λ‘ μΌν–ˆμ–΄μš”." 이듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ "-ed" -- κ³Όκ±° λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
We also have some things called "irregular verbs", like "ate" -- "ate", "lay". What are
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ "ate" -- "ate", "lay"와 같은 "λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사"라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” 것듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
some other irregular verbs? "I ran to school yesterday." "I run -- right now, I am running.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "λ‚˜ μ–΄μ œ 학ꡐ에 λ›°μ–΄κ°”μ–΄ ." "λ‚˜λŠ” 달린닀 -- λ°”λ‘œ μ§€κΈˆ, λ‚˜λŠ” 달리고 μžˆλ‹€.
01:27
Every day I run to school. Yesterday I ran to school." So these are irregular verbs.
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맀일 λ‚˜λŠ” ν•™κ΅λ‘œ 달렀간닀. μ–΄μ œ λ‚˜λŠ” ν•™κ΅λ‘œ 달렀갔닀." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이듀은 λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
So if you look at my timeline, we have the future. What's the future? Everything after
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제 νƒ€μž„λΌμΈμ„ 보면 λ―Έλž˜κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ―Έλž˜λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 였늘 μ΄ν›„μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  것
01:42
today. So this would be tomorrow. Maybe this would be a week from now. Maybe this would
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것은 내일이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ§€κΈˆλΆ€ν„° 일주일이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 이것은
01:50
be 2020, and then 2050. So this is the future. This line right here represents now. Today
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2020년이 될 것이고 κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ—λŠ” 2050년이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것이 λ―Έλž˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°”λ‘œ μ—¬κΈ° 이 선은 μ§€κΈˆμ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜€λŠ˜μ€
02:06
it is the year 2013, okay? Maybe when you watch this, maybe it will be 2014, but right
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2013λ…„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„λ§ˆ 당신이 이것을 λ³Ό λ•ŒλŠ” 2014년일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:13
now, as I film, it is 2013. So that's the present; that's now. This is all the past,
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μ§€κΈˆ μ œκ°€ μ΄¬μ˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ§€κΈˆμ€ 2013λ…„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것이 ν˜„μž¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그게 μ§€κΈˆμ΄μ•Ό. λ‹€ μ§€λ‚œ 일이야,
02:23
okay? This is all before. This is 1990, 1950, 2000. This is yesterday, so things that happened
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μ•Œμ•˜μ§€? 이것은 μ΄μ „μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ§€κΈˆμ€ 1990λ…„, 1950λ…„, 2000λ…„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은 μ–΄μ œμ΄λ―€λ‘œ 이전에 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:33
before. So when we talk about the past tense, we're talking about here. Okay. So now, let
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 여기에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”. 이제
02:42
me tell you what "time markers" are. Many students, they hear the present -- present
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"νƒ€μž„ 마컀"κ°€ 무엇인지 μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§Žμ€ 학생듀이 ν˜„μž¬
02:51
perfect: "I've never been to China." "I have eaten four cakes today." They hear this, and
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μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ„ λ“£μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚˜λŠ” 쀑ꡭ에 κ°€λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μ–΄μš”." " 였늘 케이크 4개 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄." 그듀은 이 말을 λ“£κ³ 
03:00
then they hear the simple past, "I ate four cakes." Which one do you use? Simple past?
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"λ‚˜λŠ” 케이크 4개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄."λΌλŠ” λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό λ“£μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄λŠ 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°?
03:07
Present perfect? And teachers love to test on this. So how do you know? Well, one way
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ ν˜„μž¬? 그리고 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ€ 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ••λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 음, ν•œ 가지 방법은
03:13
is using things called "time markers". These are our time markers right here. So we have,
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"μ‹œκ°„ 마컀"λΌλŠ” 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°”λ‘œ 여기에 μžˆλŠ” μ‹œκ°„ ν‘œμ‹œκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
03:21
"yesterday", "the other day", "last week", "last month", "last year", "when", "just now",
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"μ–΄μ œ", "μ €λ²ˆμ—", "μ§€λ‚œμ£Ό", " μ§€λ‚œ 달", "μž‘λ…„", "μ–Έμ œ", "μ§€κΈˆ",
03:29
"ago", and "in". So these are all words that we can use with the past simple or simple
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"전에", "인"이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것듀은 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ λ˜λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœ 과거와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:37
past. You do not use these words with the future. You do not use these words with any
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. λ―Έλž˜μ—λŠ” 이 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ–΄λ–€ 선물에도 이 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:44
of the presents. You use them with the simple past or past simple.
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. λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° λ˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœκ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
Okay. So let's do some examples. I could put "yesterday" here. "Yesterday, I ate two cookies."
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. 여기에 "μ–΄μ œ"λ₯Ό μž…λ ₯ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ–΄μ œ μΏ ν‚€ 두 개 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄."
04:00
Okay? I could say, "Yesterday, I ate two cookies." "The other day, I ate two cookies." "Last
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μ’‹μ•„μš”? "μ–΄μ œ μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ €λ²ˆμ—λŠ” μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." "μ§€λ‚œ
04:09
week, I ate two cookies." "Last month, I ate two cookies." "Last year, I ate two cookies."
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주에 μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." "μ§€λ‚œ 달에 μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄." "μž‘λ…„μ— μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
04:16
Even if this isn't written, if it's a test: "I _________ two cookies." "I eat two cookies"?
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이것이 μ“°μ—¬ μžˆμ§€ μ•Šλ”λΌλ„ ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈλΌλ©΄: "I _________ two cookies." "λ‚˜λŠ” μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ”λ‹€"?
04:27
"I have eaten two cookies"? As soon as I see "yesterday", I know: "Yesterday -- ate." "The
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"μΏ ν‚€ 2개 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄"? "μ–΄μ œ"λ₯Ό 보자마자 "μ–΄μ œ -- λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€." "
04:35
other day -- ate." "Last week -- ate." Okay? So these are your clues. So memorize them.
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μ§€λ‚œλ²ˆ -- λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€." "μ§€λ‚œμ£Ό -- λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€." μ’‹μ•„μš”? 이것이 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λ‹¨μ„œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ 그것듀을 μ™Έμš°μ„Έμš”.
04:43
Associate them with the simple past. Now, we have "when" here. What do I mean by
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그것듀을 λ‹¨μˆœ 과거와 μ—°κ΄€μ‹œν‚€μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. 이제 여기에 "μ–Έμ œ"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:53
"when"? "I ate two cookies when -- when I was eight years old." "I ate two cookies when
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"μ–Έμ œ"λž€ 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "λ‚˜λŠ” 8μ‚΄ λ•Œ μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ ." "
05:07
I broke up with my boyfriend." Okay? So you can use -- when you see "when -- blah, blah,
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λ‚¨μžμΉœκ΅¬μ™€ ν—€μ–΄μ§ˆ λ•Œ μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€." μ’‹μ•„μš”? κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "μ–Έμ œ -- μ–΄μ©Œκ΅¬ μ €μ©Œκ΅¬
05:14
blah", "when I -- blah, blah, blah", this is a clue. This should be -- what should it
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μ €μ©Œκ΅¬", "λ‚΄κ°€ -- μ–΄μ©Œκ΅¬ μ €μ©Œκ΅¬ μ €μ©Œκ΅¬"λ₯Ό λ³Ό λ•Œ, 이것이 λ‹¨μ„œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은--무엇이어야 ν• κΉŒμš”
05:23
be? Simple past or past simple; not present perfect.
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? λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° λ˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ; ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ²½ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŒ .
05:28
"Just now": "Just now, I ate two cookies." "Just now, I went shopping." "Just now, I
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"방금": "방금, μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." "방금, μ‡Όν•‘ν•˜λŸ¬ κ°”μ–΄." "μ§€κΈˆ 막
05:38
made a video." Okay? So again, "just now" -- what is it? That's right. Past simple or
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λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, "μ§€κΈˆ 막" -- 그게 뭐죠? μ’‹μ•„μš”. λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° λ˜λŠ”
05:47
simple past. "Ago": "ago"? This is when you're talking
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λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°. "μ•„κ³ ": "μ•„κ³ "?
05:54
about a certain amount of time. "Two years ago, I went to Thailand." "Five years ago,
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νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "2λ…„ 전에 νƒœκ΅­μ— κ°”μ–΄μš”." "5λ…„ 전에
06:03
I went to France." "Two days ago, I ate two cookies." Okay? So there's usually a number
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ— κ°”λ‹€." "이틀 전에 μΏ ν‚€ 두 개λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ ." μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ”°λΌμ„œ 일반적으둜
06:13
in either years, days, weeks -- "ago". As soon as you see "ago" -- past. Finally, the
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"μ „"μ΄λΌλŠ” λ…„, 일, 주에 μˆ«μžκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "ago"λ₯Ό 보자마자 -- κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ
06:22
last one we will talk about today: "in". "In 1990 -- what happened in 1990? In 1990, I
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였늘 이야기 ν•  λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ ν•­λͺ©μ€ "in"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. " 1990년에 -- 1990년에 무슨 일이 μžˆμ—ˆλ‚˜μš”? 1990년에 μ €λŠ”
06:31
was a little kid." "In 2000, I finished grade 8." "In 2009, I think, I finished university."
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κΌ¬λ§ˆμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." "2000년에 8학년을 λ§ˆμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. " "2009년에 λŒ€ν•™μ„ μ‘Έμ—…ν•œ 것 κ°™μ•„μš”."
06:46
So if you see "in" with a year, what is it? It's simple past. Okay. Very good.
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연도와 ν•¨κ»˜ "in"이 ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λ©΄ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”. 맀우 쒋은.
06:55
And what do all of these things have in common? Again, they are talking about -- if we look
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그리고 이 λͺ¨λ“  κ²ƒμ˜ 곡톡점은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 그듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€
07:02
at this -- a moment in time, okay? They're looking at a moment. They're not looking at
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이것을 λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄ μ‹œκ°„μ˜ ν•œ μˆœκ°„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ? 그듀은 μˆœκ°„μ„ 보고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은
07:09
this whole period of time. They are not looking at a long period of time. They're looking
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이 전체 기간을 보고 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은 였랜 μ‹œκ°„μ„ 바라보고 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 그듀은
07:14
at a moment. All right, so let's do some questions to see how much you guys remember.
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μˆœκ°„μ„ 보고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 자, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λͺ‡ 가지 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ 해보죠.
07:20
Okay. So let's do some questions together. I have a blank; I will tell you the verb;
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λͺ‡ 가지 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. 곡백이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ 동사λ₯Ό 말할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€;
07:28
I want you to tell me is it simple past? Is it -- it doesn't matter if you don't know
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ 그것이 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 과거인지 말해 μ£ΌκΈΈ μ›ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 그게 -- 당신이 그것이 무엇인지 λͺ°λΌλ„ μƒκ΄€μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
07:35
what it is, but just tell me if it's simple past or not simple past, okay? Based on the
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λ‹¨μˆœ 과거인지 λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œμ§€ λ§ν•΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ?
07:43
time words you see. So let's get started. No. 1: "Yesterday, I ______ a movie." So the
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당신이 λ³΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„ 단어λ₯Ό κΈ°λ°˜μœΌλ‘œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 1번: "μ–΄μ œλŠ” μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό ______." λ”°λΌμ„œ
07:52
verb is "see". "Yesterday, I see a movie"; "Yesterday, I've seen a movie"; or "Yesterday,
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λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "보닀"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ–΄μ œ λ‚˜λŠ” μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³Έλ‹€"; "μ–΄μ œ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ΄€μ–΄μš”"; λ˜λŠ” "μ–΄μ œ
08:00
I saw a movie"? What do you think it is? Do you think it's simple past or present or future?
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€"? 당신은 그것이 무엇이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°λ‚˜ ν˜„μž¬λ‚˜ 미래라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
08:09
It is simple past: "saw". How do we know it's simple past? We have our key clue: "Yesterday".
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그것은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€: "톱". λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°λΌλŠ” 것을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ ? 핡심 λ‹¨μ„œλŠ” "μ–΄μ œ"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
Okay? So let's try No. 2: "Just now, I ______ my
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μ’‹μ•„μš”? 이제 2λ²ˆμ„ μ‹œλ„ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. "μ§€κΈˆ 막 μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ______ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:31
homework." So we can say, "do my homework", "did my homework", "have done my homework".
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." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν–ˆμ–΄", "μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν–ˆμ–΄", "μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν–ˆμ–΄"라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:41
Do you think this is an example of simple past or something else? Let's see. Here is
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이것이 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±° λ˜λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμ˜ 예라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 보자. 여기에
08:50
our clue: "just now". Was this one of the words you saw before? It was. So what does
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우리의 λ‹¨μ„œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€: "μ§€κΈˆ 막". 전에 λ³Έ 단어 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κ·Έλž¬λ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
08:58
that mean? "Just now I did -- sorry about my writing. Just now I did my homework." So
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그게 무슨 λœ»μ΄μ•Ό? "방금 κ·Έλž¬μ–΄μš”. 글을 μ¨μ„œ μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 방금 μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν–ˆμ–΄μš”."
09:08
again, because we see this, we know what form the verb should take.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이것을 보기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 동사가 μ–΄λ–€ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ·¨ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
No. 3: "I _______ to China before." What's our time expression here? We have the word
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3번: "λ‚˜λŠ” 이전에 쀑ꡭ에 _______ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 우리의 μ‹œκ°„ ν‘œν˜„μ€ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
09:26
"before". Here is our clue. Was "before" one of the words on the list? Do you think "I
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"이전"μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ° 우리의 λ‹¨μ„œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "이전" 이 λͺ©λ‘μ— μžˆλŠ” 단어 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "
09:37
went to China before"? Or "I have been to China before?" What do you think? It is not
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전에 쀑ꡭ에 κ°”λ‹€"κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ˜λŠ” "λ‚˜λŠ” 전에 쀑ꡭ에 κ°€λ³Έ 적이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ ?" μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λ‚˜μš”?
09:50
simple present. No simple present. I'm just going to put an "X" here. I won't explain
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 선물이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 선물이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 여기에 "X"λ₯Ό μž…λ ₯ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:57
which tense it is, but just know "before" is not simple present -- not simple present.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‹œμ œμΈμ§€λŠ” μ„€λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ² μ§€λ§Œ "before"λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœν•œ ν˜„μž¬κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” κ²ƒλ§Œ μ•Œμ•„λ‘μ„Έμš”.
10:03
What am I saying? Simple past, okay? It is not simple past.
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λ‚΄κ°€ 무슨 말을 ν•˜λŠ”κ±°μ•Ό? λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°, μ•Œμ•˜μ§€? λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:10
"Last week I _______ shopping." Okay? So what is the clue here? Here is our expression,
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"μ§€λ‚œ 주에 λ‚˜λŠ” _______ 쇼핑을 ν–ˆμ–΄μš”." μ’‹μ•„μš”? κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ‹¨μ„œλŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 여기에 우리의 ν‘œν˜„,
10:22
our time expression: "last week". Is this simple past or is this something else? "Last
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우리의 μ‹œκ°„ ν‘œν˜„μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€: "last week". 이것은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "
10:32
week I go shopping"; "Last week I went shopping"; "Last week I have been shopping"? What do
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μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ— λ‚˜λŠ” μ‡Όν•‘ν•˜λŸ¬ κ°„λ‹€"; "μ§€λ‚œ 주에 λ‚˜λŠ” 쇼핑을 κ°”λ‹€"; "μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ— 쇼핑을 ν–ˆμ–΄μš”"? μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
10:40
you think? If you said "simple past", you are correct. "I went shopping." Good. Okay.
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μƒκ°ν•˜λ‚˜μš”? "λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°"라고 ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄ λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚˜λŠ” 쇼핑을 κ°”λ‹€." 쒋은. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
10:50
No. 5: "At the moment, I ______ to school." So we can have different verbs for this, but
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5번: "μ§€κΈˆ 학ꡐ에 ______." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ 동사λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
11:05
this is our clue: "At the moment". Was this on the list before, "at the moment"? If you
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이것이 우리의 λ‹¨μ„œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€: "ν˜„μž¬". 이전에 "ν˜„μž¬" λͺ©λ‘μ— μžˆμ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?
11:15
think, "No, it wasn't on the list", you are correct. "At the moment, I went to school"?
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"μ•„λ‹ˆμš”, λͺ©λ‘μ— μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”"라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "κ·Έ μˆœκ°„, λ‚˜λŠ” 학ꡐ에 κ°”λ‹€"?
11:22
No. "At the moment, I go to school." So this is not simple past.
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μ•„λ‹ˆμš”. "μ§€κΈˆμ€ 학ꡐ에 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:29
No. 6: "I never ______ French." So "I never" -- we'll say the verb is "learn". Do you think
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6번: "λ‚˜λŠ” κ²°μ½” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό ______ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "I never" -- μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 동사가 "learn"이라고 말할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:41
it's, "I never learned French"? "I've never learned French"? What do you think? Is it
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"λ‚˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό 배운 적이 μ—†λ‹€"κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "λ‚˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό 배운 적이 μ—†λ‹€"? μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λ‚˜μš”?
11:48
simple past? Here is our clue word: "Never". It is not a simple past sentence. If you see
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°μΈκ°€μš”? 여기에 μ‹€λ§ˆλ¦¬ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€: "Never". λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:59
"never" -- not simple past. It would be "I've never learned French."
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"never"κ°€ 보인닀면 -- λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό 배운 적이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
12:08
No. 7, last one: "Four years ago, I _______ to Toronto." So we'll say the verb is "move".
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7번, λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰: "4λ…„ μ „, λ‚˜λŠ” ν† λ‘ ν† λ‘œ _______." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 동사가 "움직이닀"라고 말할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:21
Do you think it's "I moved to Toronto", "I moved to Toronto", or "I have moved"? What
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"ν† λ‘ ν† λ‘œ μ΄μ‚¬ν–ˆμ–΄μš”", " ν† λ‘ ν† λ‘œ μ΄μ‚¬ν–ˆμ–΄μš”", "μ΄μ‚¬ν–ˆμ–΄μš”"라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
12:30
is our clue here? Can you find the clue? Ding, ding, ding, ding! "Ago". "Four years ago I..."
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 우리의 λ‹¨μ„œλŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ‹¨μ„œλ₯Ό 찾을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ”©, λ”©, λ”©, λ”©! "전에". "λ‚˜λŠ” 4λ…„ 전에..."
12:42
-- what is it? It is simple past. "...I moved to Toronto." So again, when you see these
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-- 뭔데? λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "... ν† λ‘ ν† λ‘œ μ΄μ‚¬ν–ˆμ–΄μš”." λ”°λΌμ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이
12:55
words, you know what it is: simple past or past simple. It doesn't matter which one you
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단어λ₯Ό 보면 그것이 무엇인지 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° λ˜λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신이 그것을 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” 것은 μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:02
call it. Different people use different terms. Okay.
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. λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μš©μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
13:08
So the main thing I want you to remember from this video is there are expressions you can
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 λΉ„λ””μ˜€μ—μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λΌλŠ” κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 동사λ₯Ό 써야 ν• 
13:13
use to help you know what tense you should write the verb. Another thing I want to say
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μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ•„λŠ” 데 도움이 λ˜λŠ” ν‘œν˜„λ“€μ΄ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ‚΄κ°€ λ§ν•˜κ³  싢은 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 것은
13:20
is these things you really need to practice. You need to practice, practice, practice,
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당신이 μ •λ§λ‘œ μ—°μŠ΅ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κ³  또 μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κ³ 
13:25
and get used to thinking of "yesterday -- oh, simple past". "Never -- not simple past."
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"μ–΄μ œ -- 였, λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°"λ₯Ό μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ΅μˆ™ν•΄μ Έμ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . "μ ˆλŒ€ -- λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ³Όκ±°κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€."
13:33
So if you want to do more practice, I would like to invite you to our website: www.engvid.com.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 더 λ§Žμ€ μ—°μŠ΅μ„ ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ 저희 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ www.engvid.com으둜 μ΄ˆλŒ€ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:41
On this website, I will have a list of different questions similar to this where you can to
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ—λŠ” 더 λ§Žμ€ μ—°μŠ΅μ„ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 이와 μœ μ‚¬ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 질문 λͺ©λ‘μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:48
a lot more practice. Okay, so until next time, take care, and thanks for watching.
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. 그럼 λ‹€μŒ μ‹œκ°„κΉŒμ§€ λͺΈμ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜μ‹œκ³  μ‹œμ²­ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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