If you can pass this 25-question grammar test, your English is officially ADVANCED!

8,701 views ใƒป 2025-01-15

English with Lucy


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello, lovely students, and welcome back to English with Lucy.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋ฃจ์‹œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:04
Today, we're focusing on the C1 level.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
This is the level that everybody seems to
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
00:10
want to achieve, but it's really difficult.
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๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •๋ง ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Today, I'm going to test you!
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”!
00:15
I have got 25 C1-level grammar questions. And I'm not just going to tell you the
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์ €๋Š” C1๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ฌธ์ œ 25๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ๋‹ต์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:22
answer, I'm also going to explain the correct answer.
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, ์ •๋‹ต๋„ ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:25
So, hopefully, 2 things will happen.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
First, you'll learn if you are nearing
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ž์‹ ์ด C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”
00:30
the C1 level. And 2, you will learn some grammar, too.
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. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š” .
00:33
Ah, helloโ€”it's Lucy from the future here!
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”โ€”๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—์„œ ์˜จ ๋ฃจ์‹œ์˜ˆ์š”!
00:36
There's a reason for this!
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์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”!
00:38
Basically, as always, I've created a beautiful PDF to go with this lesson, but
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด, ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด PDF ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:45
I've decided to make this one extra special.
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์ด ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ด์€
00:49
Instead of just giving you my amazing PDF
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๋†€๋ผ์šด PDF ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
00:52
that covers everything we're going to learn in this lesson, I've actually
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, ์ €๋Š”
00:56
integrated it into my brand-new C1 Business English ebook.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด C1 ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด ์ „์ž์ฑ…์— ํ†ตํ•ฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
For a limited time only, you can download this for free and it contains your PDF.
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์ œํ•œ๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ๋งŒ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ PDF๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Now, this isn't just any ebook, it is your ultimate guide to achieving C1 level
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์ด ์ฑ…์€ ๊ทธ์ € ์ „์ž์ฑ…์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฑ…์€ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด์—์„œ C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:14
fluency in business English.
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.
01:17
Inside you will find all 25 grammar
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์ด ์ฑ…์—๋Š”
01:20
questions from today's lesson with detailed explanations to help you fully
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ฌธ์ œ 25๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹ค๋ ค ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:26
grasp each concept.
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.
01:28
You'll also get an extra 25 advanced
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณต์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ฌธ์ œ 25๊ฐœ๋„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:32
grammar questions for revision.
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.
01:35
Practise them after the lesson or a few
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์ˆ˜์—… ํ›„๋‚˜
01:37
days later to solidify your learning.
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๋ฉฐ์น  ๋’ค์— ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ตณ๊ฑดํžˆ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:40
Plus, all the content of my C1 Business
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๋”๋ถˆ์–ด, C1 ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค
01:44
English ebook.
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์˜์–ด ์ „์ž์ฑ…์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
This includes all the grammar, all the
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
01:48
vocabulary and pronunciation you need to confidently navigate professional
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01:54
communication at the advanced level of English.
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ์–ดํœ˜ ๋ฐ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
When you download this incredible ebook,
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์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ „์ž์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ฉด,
01:59
you will also be enrolled on the waiting list for my Professional English Programme
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 3์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Level 3.
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02:06
The doors to this Programme open very soon
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋ฌธ์€
02:09
for a limited time only.
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ํ•œ์ •๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ๋งŒ ์•„์ฃผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์—ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
This is my most comprehensive business
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€
02:13
English programme yet.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ด์—์š”. ์ด
02:15
It's designed to help you reach the C1
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๊ณผ์ •์€
02:18
level of professional English and feel the freedom of communicating naturally
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์ „๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ธ C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
02:24
and confidently in any workplace situation.
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ง์žฅ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ž์‹  ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
It's launching very soon and you'll be
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๊ณง ์ถœ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
02:29
the first to hear about it!
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์†Œ์‹์„ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”!
02:31
To download the ebook that also contains ย 
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02:34
your PDF, just click on the link in the description box or scan the QR code on
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PDF๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ „์ž์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋ฉด ์— ์žˆ๋Š” QR ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์Šค์บ”ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
02:40
screen now.
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.
02:41
You'll sign up to my mailing list, and
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์ œ ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด,
02:43
I'll send that ebook directly to your inbox.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์ „์ž์ฑ…์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Enjoy it, it's a special one! Okay, let's get started with the quiz.
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์ฆ๊ฒจ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”! ์ข‹์•„์š”, ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
02:51
For the first 4 questions, we're going
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์ฒ˜์Œ 4๊ฐœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—๋Š”
02:53
to focus on Conditional Structures.
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์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
Question number 1โ€”we're looking at the
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์งˆ๋ฌธ 1๋ฒˆโ€”
02:58
conditional structures hereโ€”what wordย  can replace 'if' in this sentence ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'if'๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜์—ฌ
03:03
to make it sound more formal?
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๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:05
'If you require any further information,
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'๋” ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
03:07
please do not hesitate to contact me.'
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์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.'
03:15
The missing word is 'should'.
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๋น ์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'should'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
We can use 'should' in place of 'if' in first conditional sentences to increase the
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” 'if' ๋Œ€์‹  'should'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
03:23
formality of the sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๊ณต์‹์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
We tend to use it more when writing than speaking.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Ready for 2?
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2๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค€๋น„๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
03:29
We have another conditional here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
What 2 words can be added to this sentence to make the situation less likely?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:37
'If you _ _ to Colin, tell him I loved his presentation.'
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'์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์—๊ฒŒ _ _ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .'
03:47
Any ideas?
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์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:49
The missing words are 'happen to'. 'If you happen to speak to Colin, tell himย 
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๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'haven to'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ฝœ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:55
I loved his presentation.'
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๊ทธ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ „ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.'
03:56
If we use the regular conditionalโ€”'If you speak to Colin, tell him I loved his
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ธ ' ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ „ํ•ด์ค˜'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:01
presentation'โ€”we think it's likely the person will speak to Colin.
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, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
By adding 'happen to', it's like saying, 'If by chance you speak to Colinโ€ฆ'
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'happen to'๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด, '๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉดโ€ฆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
The phrase 'were to' works here, too. It also makes the event less likely and
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'were to'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ณ 
04:16
is a more formal structure. And a bonus point, if you can tell me
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๊ณต์‹ํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
04:21
what word we can add here. ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
We can add 'should' hereย  to convey the same meaning.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— 'should'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
It can also replace 'happen to' completely. So, we can sayโ€”'if you happen to' or 'were to
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๋˜ํ•œ '์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(happen to)'๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ
04:33
speak to Colin', 'if you should happen to speak to Colin', and 'if you should speak
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์ฝœ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด', '๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ', '๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:39
to Colin'.
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'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
Ready for number 3? ย 
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3๋ฒˆ์งธ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
04:42
What word can we add to this conditional structure to make a polite request?
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์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:47
'If you _ take a seat, I'll let Miss Williams know you're here.'
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'์•‰์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด, ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„์Šค ์–‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.'
04:57
Was this one an easy one for you?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
04:59
The missing word can be 'will' or 'would'.
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๋น ์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'will' ๋˜๋Š” 'would'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
'If you will' or 'would take a seat'.
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'๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•‰์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด' ๋˜๋Š” '๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•‰์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด'.
05:05
Here, the use of 'will' or 'would' makes the
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 'will'์ด๋‚˜ 'would'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
05:07
request sound more polite.
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์š”์ฒญ์ด ๋” ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
You'll often hear the phrases 'if you
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ข…์ข… '๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
05:10
would kindly' or 'if you would be so kind as to'.
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์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด' ๋˜๋Š” '๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Can you think of a way to finish those 2 sentences?
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
05:17
Here are my examples: 'If you would kindly complete the
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด
05:21
questionnaire, we'd appreciate it very much.'
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
05:24
Andโ€”'If you would be so kind as to assist
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ โ€”'
05:26
with the onboarding of your replacement, that'd be very helpful.'
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋Œ€์ฒด์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
05:31
Okay, I've got one last question focusing on advanced conditionals.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:35
Number 4โ€”this mixed conditional sentence talks
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4๋ฒˆ - ์ด ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์€
05:39
about a hypothetical past with a present result.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
Complete the sentence with the verbs in brackets:
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๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์„ธ์š”:
05:46
You need one word in each space.
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๊ฐ ์นธ์— ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
'If you _ _ (follow) theย  instructions, we _ _ _ _ (not
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'๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ _ _ (๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด) ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:54
have) this conversation now.'
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ _ _ _ _ (ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค).'
06:01
Ready for the answers?
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๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
06:03
The correct sentence should be: 'If you had followed the instructions, we would
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: '๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹  ์ด ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ž๋”๋ผ๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
06:08
not be having this conversation now.'
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
06:10
Let's break this sentence down!
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค!
06:12
In the first part, we have 'if' + the past perfect.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋Š” 'if' + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
This describes the event that did or did not happen in the past.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:21
'If you'd followed the instructions' means you did not follow the instructions.
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'์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ž๋‹ค๋ฉด'์€ ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
The second part of the sentence describes the result of this hypothetical past
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
'We wouldn't be having this conversation now'. This result is hypothetical as we are
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.' ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:38
having this conversation now!
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!
06:40
The structure is 'would' or 'wouldn't' + base verb or sometimes 'be' plus -ing verbย 
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” 'would' ๋˜๋Š” 'wouldn't' + ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋”์€ 'be' + ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” -ing ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:47
for an action happeningย  nowโ€”'we wouldn't be having'.
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. -we would't be having.
06:50
Mixed conditionals like this can take a
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—
06:52
bit of getting used to.
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์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
Try writing some of your own examples
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06:56
with this structure to help you gain confidence.
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์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ ์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:59
Okay, let's move on to another grammar
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:01
point now.
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.
07:02
It's actually another conditional but
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
07:04
that's not the focus of the question.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Here's number 5โ€”what word can we
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5๋ฒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
add to this sentence to show that the speaker disapproves of
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€
07:13
Stuart's behaviour? 'Well, if Stuart _ leave tasks until the
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์ŠคํŠœ์–ดํŠธ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? '๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ŠคํŠœ์–ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:18
last minute, it's no surprise that he keeps missing deadlines.'
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, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ๋†“์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .'
07:23
Any ideas?
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์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:24
Do you want a clue?
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๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
07:26
The first letter is 'w'.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธ€์ž๋Š” 'w'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
The answer is 'will'.
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๋‹ต์€ '์˜์ง€' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
'Well, if Stuart will leave tasks until the last minute, it's no surprise that he
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'๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ŠคํŠœ์–ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†
07:41
keeps missing deadlines.'
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๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ๋†“์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .'
07:43
So, 'will' isn't just usedย  to talk about the future.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ 'will'์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
We can use will for many other reasons including to express our disapproval of
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ '์˜์ง€'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—๋Š”
07:51
someone's repeated actions or behaviour.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ํƒœ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
We normally stress the wordย  'will' in these sentences.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'will'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
Here's another example:
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
'He will insist on micromanaging every detail.'
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์„ธ์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์ง‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
08:03
Question number 6โ€”which oneย  of these sentences is correct?
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6๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ - ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:08
A) 'I'm not sure where is the meeting.',ย  B) 'I'm not sure where the meeting is.'
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A) 'ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.', B) 'ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.'
08:19
The correct answer is Bโ€”'I'mย  not sure where the meeting is.'
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์ •๋‹ต์€ B์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ' ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.'
08:24
This is what is called an embedded question.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ด์žฅ๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
This structure can be a little confusing
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š”
08:30
as embedded questions follow the typical subject + verb order for statements. ย 
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๋‚ดํฌ๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์ง„์ˆ ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
'I'm not sure where the meeting'โ€”the subjectโ€”'is'โ€”the verb.
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'ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”'( ์ฃผ์–ด)์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
I know many learners sometimes automatically switch to the questionย 
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์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์ด
08:43
order when they say or write a word like 'where', 'who', 'when' and so on.
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'์–ด๋””', '๋ˆ„๊ตฌ', '์–ธ์ œ' ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
But these embedded questions aren't technically questions, so we put the
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฏ€๋กœ
08:53
subject first and then the verb.
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์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ๋†“๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋†“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Here are a few more examples:
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
'I don't know how the customer feels.'
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'๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
09:00
'I've forgotten what my password is.'
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'๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š”.'
09:03
Okay, question 7โ€”how canย  we complete this sentence?ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์งˆ๋ฌธ 7โ€” ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์™„์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
09:09
'It's time we _
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'์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์„
09:10
A) address, B) addressed or C) willย  address inequality in the workplace.'ย 
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A) ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. B) ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. C) ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
09:24
The correct answer is B) 'addressed'.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ B) '์ฃผ์†Œํ™”๋จ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
'It's time we addressedย  inequality in the workplace.'
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'์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .' ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
09:31
We use the expression 'it's time' + a verb in the past to talk about the present.
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'it's time'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„ + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
'It's time we addressed inequality in the workplace' means I think we should do this now.
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'์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‹ค '๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
We often use it to say that we think something should have been done sooner.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:45
We should have started addressing workplace inequality sooner, maybe even a
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ผ์ฐ, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง์žฅ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
09:50
long time ago, so I think we should start doing this as soon as possible.
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, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:54
We can add 'about' or 'high' to the phrase to make a recommendation or suggestion
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'about'์ด๋‚˜ 'high'๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ๋ถ™์—ฌ ์ถ”์ฒœ์ด๋‚˜ ์ œ์•ˆ์„
10:00
stronger or more urgent.
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๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
For exampleโ€”'It's high time we finalised
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '
10:05
the deal before a competitor beats us toย 
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์‚ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:07
it' or 'it's about timeย  you handed in your notice'.
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' ๋˜๋Š” '์ด์ œ ์‚ฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
10:12
You should have done this earlier.
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์ด ์ผ์„ ๋” ์ผ์ฐ ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ์ง€.
10:14
Now, it's becoming more urgent.
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์ด์ œ ๋”์šฑ ์‹œ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
Number 8โ€”what word can replaceย  'rather' in this sentence? ย 
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8๋ฒˆโ€” ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'rather'๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:21
'I'd rather work from home on Fridays than go into the office.'
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'์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ์— ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
10:24
You can only replace the word 'rather' and you can't change or add any other words.
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'rather'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
The meaning of the sentence should remain the same.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:32
Tricky!
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์ฃ ! ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ
10:33
The first letter is 's', if you're looking
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์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ฒซ ๊ธ€์ž๋Š” 's'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:35
for a clue.
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.
10:41
The correct answer is 'sooner'. 'I'd sooner work from home on Fridays thanย 
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ์— ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:47
go into the office.'
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.' '
10:48
We can use the expression 'would sooner do something than something else' with the
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ๋‹ค'๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ '
10:53
same meaning as 'would prefer to do' or 'would rather do'.
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ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
For exampleโ€”'I'd sooner walk away from the negotiation than agree to
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ๋‹ค
11:01
unfavourable terms' or 'I'd sooner reschedule the client call than rush
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' ๋˜๋Š” '์ค€๋น„ ์—†์ด ์„œ๋‘๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ํ†ตํ™” ์ผ์ •์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ๋‹ค
11:06
through it unprepared'.
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'.
11:07
Notice how we need the bare infinitive,
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11:10
the infinitive without 'to' for both verbs.
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๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์— 'to'๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•์ด ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:13
This is a great advanced structure to use
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„์™€ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:16
when you want to talk about preferences and priorities.
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.
11:19
For question 9, we're focusing on Modals of Probability.
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9๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™•๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:24
Your task is to identify the word that increases the probability of the
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์ง„์ˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ํ™•๋ฅ ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:29
statement being true.
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.
11:31
The sentence is: 'He could/may or might be
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ๋Š”
11:37
promoted this year.'
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์˜ฌํ•ด ์Šน์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ
11:38
'Could', 'may' and 'might'ย  are synonyms in this context.
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'Could', 'may', 'might'๋Š” ๋™์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šน์ง„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„
11:42
Which word can you add to the gap to express a greater likelihood of the
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ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋นˆ์นธ์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”
11:45
promotion happening?
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?
11:47
Is it A) 'likely', B) 'well', C) 'possibly' and
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A) '๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค', B) '๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค', C) '์•„๋งˆ๋„',
11:54
D) 'definitely'.
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D) 'ํ™•์‹คํžˆ' ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:00
The correct answer is B) 'well'.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ B) '์Œ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
We use 'well' after the modals 'could', 'may' and 'might' to show we think there is a
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ 'could', 'may', 'might' ๋’ค์— 'well'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
12:09
strong possibility of something happening.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Want to make it even stronger?
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๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:13
Just add 'very'.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ '๋งค์šฐ'๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
'He may very well be promoted this year.'
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜ฌํ•ด ์Šน์ง„ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’๋‹ค.'
12:17
Time for question 10โ€”whichย  of these sentences conveys
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10๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด
12:22
criticism of the other person's behaviour?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:25
'You must/ might or may have told me you
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”
12:27
were going to be late.'
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.'
12:28
'You _ A) must, B) might or C) may have
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ A) ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , B) ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  C) ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”
12:34
told me you were going to be late.'
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.'
12:36
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
12:42
The correct answer is B) 'you might have told me you were going to be late'.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ B) ' ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
We can use the structure 'might have' + past participle to express our
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ํƒœ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'might have' + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:52
disapproval and criticism of someone's actions or behaviour.
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
12:56
Intonation and tone of voice are very important here, as this structure is also
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์–ด์กฐ์™€ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ํ†ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ, ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š”
13:00
used for past possibility.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
Listen to the difference!
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”!
13:04
'You might have told me you were going toย 
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”
13:06
be late.' Maybe you did.
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.' ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
13:08
Maybe you didn't. 'You might have toldย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. '๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”
13:10
me you were going to be late.' ย 
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.'
13:11
Can you hear the annoyance of my voice the second time?
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:13
We cannot use 'must' or 'may' to express criticism like this.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'must'๋‚˜ 'may'๋ฅผ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:17
Okay, how's your score doing out of 10?
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 10์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
13:20
Let's move on to 11โ€”what is theย  difference in meaning betweenย 
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11๋ฒˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
these 2 sentences?
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
13:26
A) 'Lucinda didn't need to submit the report today.'
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A) '๋ฃจ์‹ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
13:30
And B) 'Lucinda needn't have submitted the report today.'
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  B) '๋ฃจ์‹ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
13:34
Do you need a clue?
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๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:36
Okay, in which sentence did Lucinda
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ฃจ์‹ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
13:38
definitely submit the report?
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:46
That's right,
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13:46
in sentence B, Lucinda submitted the report, but it wasn't necessary.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฌธ์žฅ B์—์„œ ๋ฃจ์‹ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
Sorry, Lucinda.
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๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ๋ฃจ์‹ ๋‹ค. PDF
13:52
There are some more examples of this in
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์—๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:54
the PDF.
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.
13:55
Question 12โ€”can you rewrite this sentence
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12๋ฒˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ -
13:57
beginning with 'what'? 'The last-minute designย ย 
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'what'์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์จ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? '๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ
14:00
change delayed the product launch.'
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๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆ ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
14:02
Do you need some help?
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๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
14:03
Here's a clue.
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๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
14:05
Just one word is missing.
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๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋น ์กŒ๋„ค์š”.
14:07
'What delayed the product launch _
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'์ œํ’ˆ ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์–ด์ง„ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
14:09
the last-minute design change.'
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.'
14:17
Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
14:18
'What delayed the product launch was the last-minute design change.'
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'์ œํ’ˆ ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ฐ๋œ ๊ฑด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๋””์ž์ธ์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ
14:22
We use 'what' clauses + 'be' to emphasise new information.
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๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'what' ์ ˆ + 'be'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:27
The new information comes after the verb 'to be'.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'to be' ๋’ค์— ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
In this example, 'the last-minute design change' is the new information being emphasised.
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ '๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ'์€ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
Bonus question for you here! Can we switch the order of the clauses in
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
14:41
this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ ˆ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
14:42
The answer isโ€”yes, we can!
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๋‹ต์€ '์˜ˆ, ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
We can put the 'what' clause at the end of the sentence.
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'๋ฌด์—‡' ์ ˆ์„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:48
'The last-minute design change was what delayed the product launch.'
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'๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ œํ’ˆ ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
14:53
Which do you prefer?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
14:55
These advanced structures really help you add emphasis and clarity to your English,ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์˜์–ด์— ๊ฐ•์กฐ์™€ ๋ช…ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ๋”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:00
especially in a professional setting.
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.
15:02
Remember, my Professional English Programme Level 3 waiting list is now open.
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์ „๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 3 ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์ด์ œ ์—ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
This programme will guide you beyond just understanding these grammar points.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ
15:12
You'll learn how to apply them naturally in the workplace.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:16
The link is in the description or you can scan this QR code here.
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๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ QR ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์Šค์บ”ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง
15:20
It's going to be a fantastic programme.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
15:22
Do not miss out!
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๋†“์น˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”!
15:23
Okay, we're just over halfway through the quiz. For question 13, let's look at another
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋„˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 13๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š”
15:29
structure that can be used for emphasis.
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๊ฐ•์กฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'never'
15:31
Rewrite this sentence beginning with the
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๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์จ๋ณด์„ธ์š”
15:33
word 'never'.
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.
15:35
'We've never had so many customer
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'ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋œ ์ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:37
complaints in one month.'
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.'
15:44
Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
15:46
Here's the answer:
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๋‹ต์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:47
'Never have we had so many customer
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'ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋œ ์ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:50
complaints in one month.'
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.'
15:51
Did you change the subject-verb order to
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์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ
15:54
question-word order? We use this formal structure to emphasise
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์˜๋ฌธ-์–ด ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
15:58
what we are saying.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
Use 'never' + auxiliary verb + subject.
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'never' + ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ + ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:03
For exampleโ€”'Never can we repeat this mistake' or 'never had we received so much
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค ' ๋˜๋Š” '์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค
16:10
positive feedback'. In some structures, 'be' is the main verb
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'. ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 'be'๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ
16:14
and we don't need to use an auxiliary verb.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
For exampleโ€”'Never were we more confident
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ดโ€”'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค
16:19
about an idea.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
We can use this inverted structure with
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ญ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ
16:22
many more words and phrases like 'no sooner' and 'not only'.
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'no sooner'์™€ 'not only' ๋“ฑ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์—
16:27
I've left a lot more information about this in the PDF,
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ PDF๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ,
16:31
so don't forget to click that link and download that.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
16:33
Question 14,
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14๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ญ๋ฒ•์ด ์“ฐ์ธ
16:35
let's have a look at another sentence
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:37
with an inversion:
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:
16:38
'Little did he know he was about to lose his job.'
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ณง ์ง์žฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ค„์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค .'
16:42
Which of the following sentences have the most similar meaning? ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ค‘ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:46
A) He knew he was going to lose his job. B) He had a little information that madeย 
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A) ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. B) ๊ทธ๋Š”
16:53
him think he might lose his job.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
Or C) He had no idea he was going to loseย 
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๋˜๋Š” C) ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์„ ์ค„์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค
16:59
his job. The correct answer is C) He had no idea.
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. ์ •๋‹ต์€ C) ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค.
17:09
We use the expression 'little did
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '
17:11
somebody know/understand/realise/suspectย  and so on,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค/์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค/๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค/์˜์‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค' ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
17:16
to say that somebody had no idea that something would happen or was true.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
Okay, question 15,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 15๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—
17:23
I have another inversion for you.
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ˜์ „ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
I love inversions!
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์ „์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”!
17:27
Let's take a look at this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:29
'The negotiations were so tough that both sides had to compromise on key points.'
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'ํ˜‘์ƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์น˜์—ดํ•ด์„œ ์–‘์ธก ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์—์„œ ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' 'so'๋กœ
17:36
Can you rewrite the sentence beginning with the word 'so'?
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์จ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
17:45
Are you ready for the answer?
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๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
17:47
This one's juicy, it sounds beautiful!
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์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๋ง›์žˆ์–ด ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”!
17:49
'So tough were the negotiations that both sides had to compromise on key points.'
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'ํ˜‘์ƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์น˜์—ดํ•ด์„œ ์–‘์ธก ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์—์„œ ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
17:55
Can you see what we've done here?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
17:57
We've moved 'so' + adjective to the
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'so' + ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
18:00
beginning of the sentence, and then we have the inversion.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ญ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
So cool!
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์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋„ค์š”!
18:05
This structure also works with adverbs.
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:08
For exampleโ€”'So quickly did he speak
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ดโ€”'๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์„œ
18:11
that I couldn't understandย  a word of his presentation.'
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋””๋„ ์•Œ์•„๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
18:14
Inversions like that to me just sound gorgeous and we cover them in the PEP3
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ „๋„๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. PEP3
18:19
Programme, the Professional English Programme Level 3.
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ, ์ „๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 3์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
Okay, question 16,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 16๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ
18:24
let's take a look at anย  advanced passive structure.
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์˜ค๋„๋ก
18:28
How can we restructure this sentence so that the subject comes at the beginning
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”
18:34
of the phrase?
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?
18:35
'It is alleged that the CEO is stepping
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'์˜ฌํ•ด ๋ง์— CEO๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:38
down later this year.'
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.'
18:45
Did you manage to do it?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
18:47
It'sโ€”'The CEO is alleged to be stepping down later this year.'
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'CEO๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌํ•ด ๋ง์— ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
18:52
We often use the structure in the first sentenceโ€”'it' + passive verb + that
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ' + ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ + ๊ทธ
18:58
clauseโ€”to avoid saying who made a statement.
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์ ˆ' ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
You've probably heard 'it is thought',
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ '๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค',
19:04
'believed' or 'claimed that'.
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'๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:06
Well, with some verbs, we can also use ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
19:08
the structure subject + passive verb + to-infinitive, as in the second example.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฃผ์–ด + ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ + to ๋™์‚ฌ ์›ํ˜•์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
'The CEO'โ€”the subjectโ€”'isย  alleged'โ€”passive verbโ€”'to beย 
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'CEO'(์ฃผ์–ด)๋Š” ' ์‚ฌ์ž„๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค'(์ˆ˜๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ)๋Š” '
19:21
stepping down'โ€”to-infinitive.
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์‚ฌ์ž„๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค'(๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•)๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:23
I always think of Buzz Lightyear when I say to-infinitiveโ€”'To Infinitiveโ€ฆand Beyond'.
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์ €๋Š” to-infinitive(๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ... ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋„ˆ๋จธ๋กœ)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฒ„์ฆˆ ๋ผ์ดํŠธ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:29
Okay, let's go to number 17.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 17๋ฒˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:31
Take a look at these sentences.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
19:34
Which linking word fits best? 'The presentation was interrupted by
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์–ด๋–ค ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋งž๋Š”๊ฐ€? '๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:40
technical issues. _
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. _
19:42
The presenter maintained her
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๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
19:44
professionalism and delivered the key points clearly.'
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, ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์š”์ ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
19:47
Is it A) 'Furthermore', B)ย  'Likewise' or C) 'Nonetheless'?
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A) '๋”์šฑ์ด', B) '๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ' ๋˜๋Š” C) '๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ '์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
19:58
The correct answer is C) 'Nonetheless'.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ C) '๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
It's also the most fun to say, second only to 'nevertheless'.
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'๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ' ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด์—์š”.
20:05
'Nonetheless' is a synonym of 'nevertheless' and it means despite this fact.
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'Nonetheless'๋Š” 'nevertheless'์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
So, in other words, we can sayโ€”'Despite interruptions due to technical issues,...'
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์ฆ‰, ' ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ค‘๋‹จ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ...'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:15
We use 'furthermore' to add information and 'likewise' to compare similarities between
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'๋”์šฑ์ด'๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  '๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ'๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:21
2 or more things.
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. 18๋ฒˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ
20:22
Let's stick with linking words for ย 
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์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์–ด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:24
question 18โ€”which optionย  correctly completes this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:29
'The company reported a rise in profits last quarter, _ a modest one, due to
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'ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ถ„๊ธฐ์—
20:35
increased demand for its services.'
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์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ˆ˜์š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆœ์ด์ต์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
20:38
Is it A) 'albeit', B) 'in spite of' or C)
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A) 'albeit', B) 'in nevertheless' ๋˜๋Š” C)
20:43
'even if'?
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'even if' ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
20:48
The correct answer is A) 'albeit'.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ A) '๋น„๋ก'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:52
The pronunciation is /ษ”หlหˆbiหษชt/, not 'albeit'.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์€ /ษ”หlหˆbiหษชt/์ด๊ณ  'albeit'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
I thought it was 'albeit' when I was a child because I'd never heard it said out loud.
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด '๋น„๋ก'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:02
/ษ”หlหˆbiหษชt/.
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/ษ”หlหˆbiหษชt/.
21:03
This has a similar meaning to 'although', but it's generally used in more formal
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์ด๋Š” '๋น„๋ก'๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ
21:08
contexts and usually follows a comma.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์‰ผํ‘œ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. PDF
21:10
I've included more info on the different
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21:12
structures that follow these linkers in the PDF.
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์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ง์ปค ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:16
Number 19โ€”which of the followingย  options is not correct?
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์ˆซ์ž 19โ€”๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
21:20
'It is essential that the report _ A) is, B) be or C) will be submitted next Friday.'
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'๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ A) ์ œ์ถœ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค, B) ์ œ์ถœ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค, C) ์ œ์ถœ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.'
21:36
The incorrect answer is C) 'will be'.
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ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋‹ต์€ C) '๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:40
This sentence can be completed with 'is' or
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'is'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์™„์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
21:43
in the subjunctive mood using 'be'.
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'be'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ •๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์™„์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:45
In English, we often use the subjunctive
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š”
21:47
mood after phrases like 'it's recommended' and 'it's vital'.
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'์ถ”์ฒœํ•œ๋‹ค' ๋‚˜ 'ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๊ตฌ ๋’ค์— ๊ฐ€์ •๋ฒ•์„ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:52
The present subjunctive form is usuallyย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ€์ •๋ฒ• ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต
21:54
just the base form of the verb. In this case, 'be'.
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 'be'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:57
Number 20,
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20๋ฒˆ,
21:58
we're on the home straight now. Try and rewrite the second sentence so
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์ด์ œ ๊ณง์žฅ ํ™ˆ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์— ๋“ค์–ด์„ฐ์–ด์š”. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„
22:03
that it has the same meaning as the first.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ๋‹ค์‹œ ์จ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
22:05
There are 3 gaps.
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3๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:07
One word is needed in each space.
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๊ฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
1) I didn't want to offend the client,
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1) ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ
22:13
so I worded the email very carefully.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:16
2) I worded the email very carefully so _ _ _
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2) ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:22
offend the client.'
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.'
22:29
Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
22:30
The missing words are 'as', 'not', 'to'.
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๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'as', 'not', 'to'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:34
'I worded the email very carefully
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'์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:37
so as not to offend the client.'
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.' ์ œ๊ฐ€
22:39
That sounds gorgeous, if I do say so myself.
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
22:43
'So as not to' is a synonym for 'in order not to'.
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'So as not to'๋Š” 'in order not to'์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:48
Here's another example: 'We didn't want to discourage the new
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง์›์˜ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๊บพ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ
22:52
employee, so we offered constructive feedback.' 'We offered constructive feedback so as
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑด์„ค์ ์ธ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง์›์˜ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๊บพ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑด์„ค์ ์ธ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:58
not to discourage the new employee.'
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.'
23:00
'We offered constructive feedback in order not to discourage the new employee.'
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง์›์˜ ์˜์š•์„ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑด์„ค์ ์ธ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
23:05
Can you write some of your own example
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์จ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”
23:07
sentences to practise this structure?
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?
23:09
Twenty-one, let's try anotherย  sentence transformation.
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์Šค๋ฌผํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
23:12
Here's our first sentence:
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:15
'The problem was too difficult for me to solve by myself.'
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'๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ์ž ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
23:19
Now, here's the gapped sentence:
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์ด์ œ ๋นˆ์นธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
Put one word in each space so that the
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๊ฐ ์นธ์— ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์”ฉ ๋„ฃ์–ด์„œ
23:24
second sentence has a similar meaning to the first.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
23:26
'_ was too difficult _ _ย  for me to solve by myself.'
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'_ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์› ์–ด์š” _ _ .'
23:31
This one is tricky!
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์ด๊ฑด ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์›Œ์š”!
23:37
Are you ready for the answer?
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๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
23:38
'It was too difficult a problem for me to
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'๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:41
solve by myself.'
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.'
23:43
I know that was hard.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•Œ์•„์š”. ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๋•Œ
23:44
We usually put the article 'a' or 'an' before the adjective when it describes a noun,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ 'a' ๋˜๋Š” 'an'์„ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(์˜ˆ:
23:50
'a difficult problem'.
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'์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ').
23:52
But in this more formal emphatic
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๊ฐ•์กฐ
23:56
structure we use 'too' + adjective plus 'a'ย 
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๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 'too' + ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ 'a'
24:00
or 'an' and then the noun. Here are a few more examples:
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๋˜๋Š” 'an'์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:04
'The investment was too risky to make.'
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'ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ด์„œ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
24:07
'It was too risky an investment to make.'
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
24:09
'The decision is too importantย  to be taken quickly.'
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'๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์„œ ์„ฑ๊ธ‰ํžˆ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
24:13
'It was too important a decision to be taken quickly.'
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'์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .'
24:17
Okay, question 22,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 22๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
24:20
this one is really challenging!
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์ •๋ง ์–ด๋ ต๋„ค์š”!
24:23
Take a look at these 3 sentences. Which word can be used to complete all 3?
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์ด 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์™„์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
24:30
Sentence oneโ€”'That was _ presentation!'
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅโ€”'๊ทธ๊ฑด _ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”!'
24:34
Twoโ€”'He's been collaboratingย  with us for quite _ time.'
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๋‘˜์งธ - '๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์™”์–ด์š”.'
24:39
And threeโ€”'They have _ 30ย  employees in the Mumbai branch.'
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ' ๋ญ„๋ฐ”์ด ์ง€์ ์— ์ง์›์ด _ 30๋ช…์ด์—์š”.'
24:45
Do you need a clue? The first letter is 's'.
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๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธ€์ž๋Š” 's'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:53
Ready for the answer?
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์•Œ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
24:55
It is 'some'.
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'์ผ๋ถ€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:57
In the first sentence 'some' is used to
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'some'์€
24:59
express the speaker's favourable opinion of the presentation.
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๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜ธ์˜์ ์ธ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
25:03
In the second, 'some' combines with time to mean 'a long time'.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ 'some'์€ time๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด '์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„'์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:07
And in the third, some means 'approximately'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์—์„œ some์€ '๋Œ€๋žต'์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:10
Well done if you got 'some' used as a
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'some'์„ ํ•œ์ •์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž˜ํ•˜์…จ๋„ค์š”
25:12
determiner and an adverb.
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.
25:14
Twenty-threeโ€”this sentence isย  grammatically correctโ€”true or false?
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์Šค๋ฌผ์…‹ - ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ์ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“์ธ๊ฐ€?
25:20
'Attending the conference, new opportunities appeared.'
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'์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์–ด์š”.'
25:28
The answer is false!
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๋‹ต์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
25:30
The sentence is technically not
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ
25:32
grammatically correct, although many proficient users of English might write
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜์–ด์— ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์€
25:37
something like this.
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์ด์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:38
Can you spot the issue?
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
25:39
Let's break the sentence down.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ
25:41
The implied subject in the first part of
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์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์•”์‹œ๋œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š”
25:44
the sentence is 'I'.
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'๋‚˜'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:45
'I attended the conference'.
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'์ €๋Š” ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์— ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
25:47
The subject in the second part of the sentence is 'new opportunities'.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:52
However, in English, we prefer to keep the subject in both parts of the sentence
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ
25:57
the same.
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25:57
If not, it might be understood that 'new
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๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด โ€˜์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด
26:00
opportunities' attended the conference.
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๊ธฐํšŒโ€™๊ฐ€ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:03
So make sure the subject in the
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
26:05
participle clause and the main clause are the same to avoid any potential confusion.
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์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์ ˆ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
26:11
Okay, time for our penultimate question.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:13
Twenty-four, let's look atย  another participle clause.
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24, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:17
Which one of these options cannot be used to fill in the blank in this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋นˆ์นธ์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์„ ํƒ์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
26:22
' _ draw attention to myself,
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' _ ๋‚ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด,
26:25
I didn't say anything in the meeting.'
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.'
26:28
Is it A) 'Not wishing to', B) 'Wishing not
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A) '์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ', B) '
26:33
to' or C) 'To not wishing'?
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์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ', C) '์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ' ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
26:42
Okay, we cannot say C) 'To not wishing'.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด C) '์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:45
Of the two remaining options, A is the most likely.
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๋‚จ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ต์…˜ ์ค‘์—์„œ A๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:50
We generally make the participle negative by placing 'not' before it.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ์•ž์— 'not'์„ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:55
However, you can sometimes switch the order, like in this example.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์˜ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:58
Okay, well done for sticking it out until the very end!
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฐธ์•„๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !
27:01
Here is our final grammar question.
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์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:04
Number 25โ€”rewrite this sentence so it begins with the word 'there'. ย 
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25๋ฒˆ - ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ '๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋‹ค์‹œ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š” .
27:10
You can only change the first part of the sentence, nothing after the comma.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‰ผํ‘œ ๋’ค๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:16
'As there were no suitable candidates for the role, the hiring process was extended
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'์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ง€์›์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€
27:21
by 2 weeks.'
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2์ฃผ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
27:23
Any ideas?
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์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
27:29
The answer isโ€”'There being no suitable candidates for the role,
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๋‹ต์€ 'ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง์ฑ…์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ›„๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด
27:34
the hiring process was extended by 2 weeks.'
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์ฑ„์šฉ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ 2์ฃผ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
27:37
We can use the phrase 'there being' with
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ
27:39
the meaning of 'as' or 'because'.
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'๋กœ์„œ' ๋˜๋Š” '๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—'์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:41
It explains the reason for something.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:43
It's a formal alternative that's great for use in writing.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:47
Okay, that brings us to the end of our Advanced Grammar test!
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ—˜์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
27:53
This was seriously advanced.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์ง„์ „๋œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:55
Please share your scores out of 25 in the
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25์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์— ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
27:57
comments section.
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.
27:58
And don't worry if your score was low. Even a low score is quite an achievement!
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์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ผ๋„ ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ˆ์š”!
28:03
I really hope you enjoyed the quiz today, ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:06
and I hope it brought to your attention some of the topics you might need to work
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๋˜ํ•œ
28:11
on if you want to achieve the C1 level of English.
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์˜์–ด C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:14
Don't forget, my brand-new C1 level
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์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”, ์ €์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ
28:17
business English course, the Professional English Programme Level 3, is coming out
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๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด ๊ณผ์ •์ธ Professional English Programme Level 3์ด
28:22
very soon!
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๊ณง ์ถœ์‹œ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
28:23
Please join the waitlist if you are interested. The link is in the description, and the QRย 
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์— ๋“ฑ๋กํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๊ณ  QR
28:28
code is there.
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์ฝ”๋“œ๋„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:29
I will see you soon for another lesson!
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๊ณง ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”!
28:32
Bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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