Master Modals with the SEAM method - may, might, could, etc.

538,460 views ใƒป 2011-08-04

ENGLISH with James


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome to Inkbit Corny, yes?
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Inkbit Corny์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋„ค?
00:11
That is me, your teacher, James.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ, ๋„ค ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ์ œ์ž„์Šค.
00:12
I'm going to teach you a lesson.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Today, I shall teach you how to master modals.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Welcome to Masterpiece Theatre.
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๊ฑธ์ž‘๊ทน์žฅ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
Modals.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ.
00:22
Pain in the butt, right?
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์—‰๋ฉ์ด ํ†ต์ฆ, ๋งž์ฃ ?
00:25
Modal, if you're French.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์ธ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด.
00:28
I'm joking.
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๋†๋‹ด์ด์•ผ.
00:30
Let me go down a little bit because it's probably off you.
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์•„๋งˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
We're doing modals.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
You've seen modals before.
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์ด์ „์— ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
I'm sure you've been taught them.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
They're auxiliary verbs.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
What do they do?
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๊ฑ”๋“ค ๋ญํ•ด?
00:42
How do they work?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:43
Well, I'm going to teach you a seamless method that will help you remember how to use them.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
What do I mean by seamless?
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๋งค๋„๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:54
If you are new to English, and I'm sure you're not if you can understand moi, seamless.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ณ  moi๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
Seamless means you cannot see the parts that are joined.
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๋งค๋„๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
What is a seam?
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์†”๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:04
Well, I'm going to teach you the seam method for modals.
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์ž, ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์†”๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Once you finish, you will master them.
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์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
But first, you have to know what a seam is.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์ด์Œ์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
On my shirt, you'll notice the cuff is joined to the shirt.
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๋‚ด ์…”์ธ ์—์„œ ์ปคํ”„๊ฐ€ ์…”์ธ ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
The part that joins the material together is called a seam.
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์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์†”๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ง€
01:22
You also have a seam on your pants.
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์—๋„ ์†”๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:27
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
01:28
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
01:29
My sexy ass.
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๋‚ด ์„น์‹œํ•œ ์—‰๋ฉ์ด.
01:30
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:31
You'll notice this part joins the other part together.
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์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
That is the seam of the pants.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ”์ง€ ์†”๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
It is the line that joins together.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๋Š” ๋ผ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
01:38
Well, what I'm going to do is teach you a couple of techniques to remember most of the
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์Œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†”๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:43
modals, almost all of them in fact, by using the seam method.
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.
01:46
But first, now that you know what a seam is, something that joins things together, let's
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์ด์Œ์ƒˆ, ์ฆ‰ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ
01:50
join them together.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:53
Seam.
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์ด์Œ๋งค.
01:54
Modals.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ.
01:56
S.
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S.
01:58
All right, whoops.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
02:00
Big fingers, no brains.
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ํฐ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ, ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
State preferences.
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์ฃผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์„ค์ •.
02:09
Let's just erase that one.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ์ง€์šฐ์ž.
02:11
State.
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์ƒํƒœ.
02:17
Modal state preferences.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ์ƒํƒœ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์„ค์ •.
02:19
Now, I'm just going to give you some basic outline because what I'm going to do today
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ E ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์š”๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:24
is I want to focus on the E part.
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.
02:26
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:27
So, what does it do here?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:28
Well, here it expresses pan.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํŒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
If you look over here, we're going to do pan today.
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์ด์ชฝ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํŒฌ์„ ํ• ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
02:40
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:41
Another thing a modal can possibly do is
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์€
02:54
ask for a pass.
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ํŒจ์Šค๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
You know, when you get a passport, it allows you to go from place to place.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์—ฌ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ์ด๊ณณ ์ €๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
And when you ask for a pass, it allows you to, well, I'm not going to tell you yet because
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ†ต๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:05
that's another lesson.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ง ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
And finally, for my Spanish friends, yeah?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚ด ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์‘?
03:11
You know?
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์•Œ์ž–์•„?
03:24
Modals allow us to make local suggestions, okay?
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€์—ญ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
That's for you, my Spanish viewers, all right?
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์ œ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Okay, so now that we know what seam does, in this case, we're going to take the modals
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์ด์Œ์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
03:33
and we're going to join them together, all their meanings, under one category, seam,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์ธ ์ด์Œ์ƒˆ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ
03:38
so we can learn all of them and have a way to remember.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
See, one word leads to four ideas, which will lead to about 30 different things.
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์•ฝ 30๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
But don't worry about it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:47
I'm going to make it easy.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
Come on, trust me.
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์–ด์„œ, ๋‚  ๋ฏฟ์–ด.
03:50
Let's take our time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž.
03:51
So, let's get rid of this.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:52
We know what seam is, remember?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์Œ์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:53
The part that joins things together.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„.
03:55
In this case, today, we're not going to make any suggestions.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ œ์•ˆ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
We're not going to ask for a bus, nor are we going to state our preferences.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
What we want to do is express pan.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
E is for express pan.
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E๋Š” ์ต์Šคํ”„๋ ˆ์Šค ํŒฌ์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
What is pan?
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ํŒฌ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:11
Well, in this case, pan is three different parts.
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์Œ, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŒฌ์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Special effects, yeah?
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ํŠน์ˆ˜ ํšจ๊ณผ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜?
04:21
All right.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
04:22
Champagne popping.
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์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ ํ„ฐ์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘.
04:23
Now, P has a meaning.
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์ด์ œ P์—๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Let's start off with P, and we'll say P expresses possibility.
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P๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  P๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
What is possible?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:37
Well, what is possible?
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:40
Models that we use to show the possibility that something can happen or could happen,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ can์ด ์žˆ๋Š”
04:45
it can range from anything from 100% with can, the word itself, or 60% with could.
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100% , ๋‹จ์–ด ์ž์ฒด ๋˜๋Š” could๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” 60%๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
So, we show this, we can express models, express the possibility, by the following.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Can.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
I can help you on Wednesday.
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์ˆ˜์š”์ผ์— ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Possible to help you, but almost 100% because I have the ability.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ 100%.
05:09
Could.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
I could help you on Wednesday.
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์ˆ˜์š”์ผ์— ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
It's possible.
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์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
60-70%.
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60-70%.
05:27
James will be able to help you next week.
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์ œ์ž„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
Sorry, I should put this.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ด๊ฑฐ ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”
05:33
Will be able to.
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์ˆ˜์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
Why will be able to?
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์™œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:39
Be able to is similar to can in the present, but we use it when we can't use can.
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Be able to๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ can๊ณผ ๋น„์Šท ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ can์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
For instance, if I use a present perfect statement, I cannot say, "I have can a candy."
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด "I have can a candy"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
It doesn't make any sense in English.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
You have to say, "I am able to have a candy," or "I have been able to help you study English."
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"I am able to have a candy" ๋˜๋Š” "I have been able to help you ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
Will be able to is the future of that.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
I will be able to help you on Tuesday.
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ํ™”์š”์ผ์— ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
Similar to can, right?
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์บ”๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ฃ ?
06:17
Now, the next one we could do is when we have will.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ผ์€ ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
06:20
Let me explain something quickly.
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:22
Can and could are related.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
Can means 100% possible now, could is 60-70%.
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Can์€ ํ˜„์žฌ 100% ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ณ , could๋Š” 60-70%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
Will be able to is a future tense.
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Will be able to๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
We can also have be able to.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
If can is the present, could is the past.
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can์ด ํ˜„์žฌ๋ผ๋ฉด could๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
I can help you.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
I could help you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
This is the past of can.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ can์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
When we have will be able to, we also can say this.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ• 
06:58
Would be able to is equal to could.
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:01
It's the past version of will be able to.
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will be able to์˜ ์ด์ „ ๋ฒ„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
So we've got can, could, will be able to, would be able to, may, which is 50% possibility.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , 50% ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
And if you noticed, I was doing President, sorry, President, President J, no, President Ezekiel.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ €๋Š” ํšŒ์žฅ๋‹˜, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. J ํšŒ์žฅ๋‹˜, ์•„๋‹ˆ ์—์Šค๊ฒ” ํšŒ์žฅ๋‹˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
He's got his little top hat and cigarette.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ชจ์ž์™€ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
How did I forget him?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:27
He's smoking.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
Damn room smells bad.
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๋นŒ์–ด๋จน์„ ๋ฐฉ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•ด.
07:30
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:31
We have can and could, present and past.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Will be able to, would be able to, present, past.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค , ํ˜„์žฌ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ.
07:38
And on this side we have may and might.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ชฝ์—๋Š” may์™€ might์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
These are all possibilities.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
So when we express can, we can express possibility.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ can์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
What is possible?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:52
What could possibly happen?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:54
You know what's interesting?
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„?
07:56
When you know what's possible, you look for what?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:00
Well, if I know it's possible I could do something, but someone has the power to allow me to do it,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•  ํž˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:05
then I need something specific.
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์ €๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
I need, I need permission.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
What do I mean by I need permission?
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ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:17
Well, it's possible that I could go to the party, but I have to ask my parents if I may go to the party.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋„ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ์ญค๋ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
08:26
So once we've got possibility, we look at permission.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
We use words here to show us after something's possible do I have permission, and the two words that come up here are may and can.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” may์™€ can์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
And just excuse me for one second.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ ์‹ค๋ก€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ˆˆ์—
08:45
I'm going to erase something here because I want this to stand out to make sure you remember.
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๋„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:48
Because we have T3, so you want to remember what these things are, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” T3๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:52
So let's do that.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:54
Quick erase.
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๋น ๋ฅธ ์ง€์šฐ๊ธฐ.
08:55
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
08:56
So remember, this one is what?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:57
Possible.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ.
08:58
This one is possible.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
This one is for permission.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:09
Do you have permission?
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๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:10
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:11
Now remember, this expresses permission.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
09:12
This is very interesting because I'm not saying ask for permission, I'm expressing permission.
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์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:16
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:17
You may go to the concert tonight.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
You can go to the concert tonight.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
I'm expressing permission, not asking for it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ—ˆ๋ฝ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:23
Keep that in mind, okay?
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๋ช…์‹ฌํ•ด, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
09:25
Remember, E for express.
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E๋Š” ๊ธ‰ํ–‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
So now we've expressed a permission about a possibility.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
What do you think this would be?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์–ด๋–ค
09:31
Sometimes you get permission to do things, and sometimes you're not allowed to.
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์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ๋ฝ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ—ˆ๋ฝ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
This is called prohibition.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
Prohibition means you are not allowed to do it.
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๊ธˆ์ง€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:49
And there we have, if you are prohibited from doing something, you're not allowed to do
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:59
it.
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.
10:00
Prohibition.
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๊ธˆ์ง€.
10:01
Can I go to the party?
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:03
Yes, you may go to the party.
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๋„ค, ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐ€์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
Or no, you must not go to the party because Ezekiel, you drink way too much when you go
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ ์—์Šค๊ฒ”, ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์ถœํ•  ๋•Œ ์ˆ ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋งˆ์‹œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
10:08
out.
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.
10:09
This is not good.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
10:11
And now he's just smoking, and alcoholic days are behind him.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ ์ค‘๋…์˜ ๋‚ ์€ ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
We've just done the first part of PAN.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ PAN์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
Is it possible?
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:19
Two.
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๋‘˜.
10:20
Do I have permission?
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๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:21
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
10:22
Can you express permission?
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ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:23
Remember that?
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๊ธฐ์–ต?
10:24
You're expressing.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
Yes, you can.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜ ๋„Œ ํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ์–ด.
10:26
Yes, you may.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
And finally, prohibition, things you may not do, or must not, not may not, must not do.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ์ง€, ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ , ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ, ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ.
10:31
Must not means no, absolutely not.
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Must not์€ '์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:34
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
10:35
That's the first part of PAN.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด PAN์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
You're one-third of your way to understanding modals.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ 1/3์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
Beautiful thing about this system is, first one is three, next one is two, last one is
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์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ ์€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” 3๊ฐœ, ๋‹ค์Œ์€ 2๊ฐœ, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ฒƒ์€
10:44
one.
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1๊ฐœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
All right.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
10:47
So, what's the two?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‘˜์€ ๋ญก๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:50
We talked about possibility, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งž์ฃ ?
10:51
Permission, blah, blah, blah, and prohibition.
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ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€, ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ ์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ, ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ, ๊ธˆ์ง€.
10:53
Great.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
10:54
Here's my problem.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
Do you have the ability to do it, son?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„๋“ค?
10:58
Can you actually do it?
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:59
So now we're going to look up here.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‹ค ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
Next one for this is the ability.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ• 
11:03
It's nice that there's a possibility you can do it, but if you don't have the ability,
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ , ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด
11:07
it's never going to happen.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
What do we use for ability?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:10
Well, you're going to start noticing the interesting thing about modals, which is this.
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์Œ, ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฑ„๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
Modal comes from modify.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์€ ์ˆ˜์ •์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
Depending on the context that you're using, a modal will change its meaning.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ค‘์ธ ์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
Hence, here, can means possible.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ can์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
Here, it means permission.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
Here, it doesn't exist.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
But you know what?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„?
11:30
It's the magic of television.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์˜ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
It's the magic of television.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์˜ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
It's like right there.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
11:34
I wanted to do that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
11:38
Can.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
Can.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
Do you have the ability?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:44
Yes, I can do it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜์žˆ์–ด.
11:45
Yes, I can.
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์˜ˆ, ์ €๋Š” ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
11:48
Remember I talked about can and could?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:50
And you were like, God, this guy is blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ '๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ ์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ ์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ ์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ, ๋งž์ฃ ?
11:54
Can and could, I said, present and past.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ.
11:56
Why?
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์™œ?
11:57
Because this is can in the present or the future.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
But in the past, when you have a general-- see?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ-- ๋ณด์ด์ฃ ?
12:04
Look, I almost wrote it.
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๋ด์š”, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ์ผ์–ด์š”.
12:05
I'm crazy.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค.
12:06
It's like one of those guys on TV.
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ํ‹ฐ๋น„์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์• ๋“ค ๊ฐ™๋„ค
12:07
Out of place right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
Come right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์˜ค์„ธ์š”.
12:09
Out of place.
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์ž˜๋ชป ๋†“์•„.
12:10
I'm TV2 right now.
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ TV2์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Free.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ.
12:12
Could.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
Could is the past of can for general ability.
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could๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” can์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
When I was younger, I could run very fast.
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:21
Right now, I can only walk.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฑธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
I'm old.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Š™์—ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:25
I pass wind when I walk.
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๊ฑธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:27
So we've got could and can demonstrate ability.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
What could you do?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:30
Also, remember I talked about this?
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:32
Be able to, will be able to, would be able to?
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค, ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค, ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
12:35
Be able to.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค.
12:41
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
12:42
And if you recall what I said, I was very clear.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
I said, when you can use can as for present or future, could is the past of can.
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can์„ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ could๋Š” can์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
12:52
Be able to is for every other verb form.
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Be able to๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
The infinitive form, useful modals, and for the perfects as examples.
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ, ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ, ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:00
Now, now that you have the ability, you know it's possible, sometimes good friends who
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์ด์ œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ฃ . ๊ฐ€๋”์€
13:08
love you give you advice.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
That's our second one.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
They say, I know you have the ability, I know it's possible, there are no prohibitions,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์š”, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์š”, ๊ธˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ์—†์–ด์š”
13:19
you've got permission, let me give you some advice, son.
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, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”
13:22
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:23
So they're going to give you some advice.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:26
How do we give advice?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:28
Well, we often say, you should, you should.
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์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… " ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค, ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
I'm suggesting, eh, you know, it's one of the better things for you to do.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด, ์–ด, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
13:42
You can choose it, it would be the right thing.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ณ์€ ์ผ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
Another one we say is this.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
You ought to.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
When someone says you ought to, they're saying the proper mode of behavior is this.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ–‰๋™ ์–‘์‹์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
This is what you should follow.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
So when you say should, it's one thing, but when you say ought to, you say, ought to.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
Hold on a second.
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์ž ๊น๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค ๋ด.
14:06
That's a little too close for some of you people.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์›ƒ๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”
14:09
I don't want to hear any comments about, ought to spells funny.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿด
14:12
There's no ought to.
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ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
14:14
So that's T-O, separate word.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ T-O, ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
Oh, ought to.
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์˜ค, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
Two T's down below.
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์•„๋ž˜์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
Sorry.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
I'm lazy and drunk.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ทจํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
OK.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
14:23
So ought to.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
14:25
Now finally, remember I said you ought to.
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์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:26
It's like what your parents would say.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋“ค
14:28
You ought to study, son, if you want to go to university.
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์•„, ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
14:30
Your friends would go, man, you should study if you want to go, B.
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๋„ค ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ๋‚จ์ž, ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด, B.
14:33
You know what I'm saying?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„?
14:34
You know what I'm saying?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ญ” ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ž–์•„?
14:35
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
14:36
It's not as strong.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
This is much stronger and much more formal.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
And finally, your teacher might say, you had better study or I will kick you out of my class.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ซ“์•„๋‚ด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
14:48
Now why had better?
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์ด์ œ ์™œ ๋” ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:49
Well, had better here, it means there's a consequence if you don't do it.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
If you don't study, you'll fail.
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๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์‹คํŒจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
14:57
If you fail, you're kicked out of class.
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์‹คํŒจํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
You don't want that to happen.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
So you had better study.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
And your dad would say, remember, teacher would say, you had better study or I'll kick you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋‚˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์…จ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„
15:04
out.
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์ซ“์•„๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
Father would say, you ought to study if you want to go to university.
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
And your friends or Ezekiel would go, yo, man, yo, man, you should study if you want
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์—์Šค๊ฒ”์€ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. yo, man, yo, man, ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:13
to go.
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.
15:14
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
15:15
So it's strength.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํž˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
But this one says consequence.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
This is more formal, a little bit more serious, and this one is giving you the choice.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
15:22
Finally, we talked about possibility, prohibition, OK, permission, and ability and advice.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ๊ธˆ์ง€, OK, ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€, ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ์กฐ์–ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
But what happens if, really, it's not about possibility or ability, but it's about necessity.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
15:46
When you have necessity, you don't have a choice.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
You have to do it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
It's your first one.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
Not have, but have to do it.
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์—†์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:56
Proper pronunciation.
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์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ.
15:58
You have to do something.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
16:04
We can also say you have got to.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
I have one more to write, and I want you to take a look at this carefully.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
And must, which you probably know.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„๋งˆ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
By the way, I'm going to teach you a little trick right now to remember necessity.
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๊ทธ๋‚˜์ €๋‚˜ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์š”๋ น์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
Hard word to spell?
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์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋‹จ์–ด?
16:24
Not really.
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์„ค๋งˆ.
16:25
Imagine you're in your house, and you have a cat and two skunks.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์Šค์ปนํฌ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
16:29
If you know Pepe Le Pew are running around the house.
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Pepe Le Pew๊ฐ€ ์ง‘ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
16:32
Well, the cat chases the skunks.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์Šค์ปนํฌ๋ฅผ ์ซ“๋Š”๋‹ค.
16:34
Get it?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด?
16:35
The two skunks.
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๋‘ ์Šค์ปนํฌ.
16:36
N-E-S-S-I-T-Y.
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N-E-S-I-T-Y.
16:37
You'll remember forever.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์›ํžˆ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
Trust me, OK?
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๋‚  ๋ฏฟ์–ด, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
16:39
N-E-S-S-I-T-Y.
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N-E-S-I-T-Y.
16:40
Free lesson.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ.
16:41
See?
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
16:42
That's how good.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์€์ง€.
16:43
I give you free lesson.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
Fifty percent off.
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50ํผ์„ผํŠธ ํ• ์ธ.
16:45
Free lesson.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ.
16:46
Sorry.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
So, have to, have got to, and must express necessity in English.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
So, when we look at expression, we can start off from what is possible to what is absolutely
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
17:00
necessary by using models.
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๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
You like that?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ?
17:03
That's the PAN system.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด PAN ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
17:05
Remember?
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋‹ค?
17:06
P is for what?
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P๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:07
Start off logically now.
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
17:09
What is possible?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:10
Do I have permission?
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๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:11
Are there any prohibitions?
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๊ธˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:12
OK?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
17:13
Once I've addressed the possibilities and gone from there, then I say, well, do I have
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์ผ๋‹จ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ œ๊ฐ€
17:17
the ability, and should you give me some advice on what I should do?
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ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
17:20
And then finally, you've got to make sure, is it really a necessity?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ํ•„์ˆ˜ํ’ˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:24
Do I really have to do this?
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์ •๋ง ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
17:25
And if I have to do it, should I use these words?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ผญ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
17:28
Cool?
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
17:29
High five.
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ํ•˜์ด ํŒŒ์ด๋ธŒ.
17:30
Yeah.
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์‘.
17:31
One second.
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์ผ์ดˆ.
17:32
Sorry.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
There.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ.
17:34
Poof.
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ํœ™.
17:35
High five.
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ํ•˜์ด ํŒŒ์ด๋ธŒ.
17:36
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
17:37
So, if you want to learn more about this, modal madness, OK, I can call it either modal
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๊ด‘๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ
17:40
madness or mastering modals, whichever you like.
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๊ด‘๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ง ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ์ค‘ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:42
Basically, it's mastering modals because right now, you've gone through the ideas that we
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ, ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ• 
17:46
put in our heads when we're thinking about modals.
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๋•Œ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์— ๋„ฃ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:48
I think you've got the complete picture here, right?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์ฒด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
17:50
Easy to remember.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:51
Check out the red words.
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๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
17:52
That's what you have to remember.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
Easy enough.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:54
Go from the red words up to pan.
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๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ํŒฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
And just remember, express pan.
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ํŒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:57
Express possibility.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:58
Express prohibition.
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๋ช…์‹œ์  ๊ธˆ์ง€.
17:59
Express permission.
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๋ช…์‹œ์  ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€.
18:00
Express ability.
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ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ.
18:01
Express advice.
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์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
18:02
Express necessity.
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ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
18:03
Or, easy, pan.
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๋˜๋Š” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํŒฌ.
18:05
Everyone's got one in your house?
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์ง‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ์ฃ ?
18:06
You cook things.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
Don't forget, this is part of the seam method, OK?
400
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์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†”๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
This is E from the seam method.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†”๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ E์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
But, you know what?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„?
18:14
It would be best if you went to the website because you'll see not only the video, because
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์˜์ƒ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
18:20
you're watching me now, right?
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๊ฐ€๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
18:22
But you'll also find something that is a necessity.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:25
I'm giving you permission.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:27
It's great advice.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:29
I know you have the ability.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:31
There's a strong possibility you'll get a great improvement.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:34
And there's no prohibition against it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
Then you go to this website, OK?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
www.engvid.com
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www.engvid.com
18:51
There's a quiz.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:53
Oh, remember this.
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์•„, ์ด๊ฑฐ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด.
18:55
One of the questions will be, "How many things did you learn?"
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” "์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
You might have to go over the video and check, OK?
416
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๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
19:03
Because there's a lot of information here and I'm not going to tell you.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:06
So go to www.engvid.com.
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www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
19:08
Do the quiz.
419
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
19:10
See you there.
420
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์ž.
19:11
Have a good one.
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์ข‹์€์ด.
19:12
Now, where did I put my paper?
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์ž, ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์— ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋˜
19:15
See you.
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๋ด์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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