Grammar: Question tags - BBC English Masterclass

148,625 views ใƒป 2017-01-16

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
So you want to learn question tags, do you? Lucky for you, I'm here to tell you everything
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ํƒœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์šด์ด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ๋„, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜จ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฐ์š”
00:04
I know, aren't I? Ready, are you? Let's go!
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, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์ค€๋น„๋๋‚˜์š”? ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค!
00:13
Now, at this level many of you will know that a question tag is an auxiliary verb plus a
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€
00:18
pronoun, which is put at the end of a sentence, either to ask for more information about something,
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๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:23
or to confirm something which we believe is true. The question tag relates directly to
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. . ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:27
the sentence. The auxiliary verb matches the main verb and the pronoun comes directly from
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. ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:32
the noun. Question tags can either have a rising or falling intonation, and, as everybody
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. ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋Š” ์ƒ์Šน ๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜๊ฐ• ์–ต์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
00:37
knows, if the main sentence is affirmative, then the question tag is negative, so: You
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์ฃผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ด๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ You
00:41
do live here, don't you? and vice versa. That's the easy stuff: now for the hard stuff...
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do live here, not you? ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด...
00:54
So sentences which use a negative or limiting adverb, such as never, and hardly, and other
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ never, rigidly์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์ • ๋˜๋Š” ์ œํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ณผ
00:59
words of that type, even though they appear to be positive in construction, they are treated
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ƒ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ
01:04
as a negative by the question tag. So, not: They never go on holiday, don't they? But
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ํƒœ๊ทธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถ€์ •์œผ๋กœ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:09
They never go on holiday, do they?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:12
Sentences which use indefinite nouns such as someone, anyone, no one and everyone, can
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someone, someone, no one ๋ฐ everyone๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์ • ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
01:16
be tricky with question tags. After all, what's the pronoun for no one? In question tags we
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๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋กœ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, no one์˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํƒœ๊ทธ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:23
use they. For example: No one cares, do they? Or... Everyone left, didn't they? However, with
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด: ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด... ๋‹ค๋“ค ๋– ๋‚ฌ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
01:30
other indefinite nouns such as something and everything, we would use it. So for example: Everything
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something ๋ฐ everything๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์ • ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด: ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:35
is OK, isn't it? Or Nothing matters, does it? Got it?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”?
01:55
An imperative is a command, or at least a strong suggestion. An example would be: Sit
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๋ช…๋ นํ˜•์€ ๋ช…๋ น ๋˜๋Š” ์ ์–ด๋„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
down! Now, because imperatives don't have a tense, they don't use an auxiliary verb
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์•‰์•„! ์ด์ œ ๋ช…๋ นํ˜•์—๋Š” ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:05
in the same way as other sentences do. So, how can we make a question tag with them?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:09
Well, the answer is, we use won't you - although other modal verbs can be used, such as will,
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ will't you๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ will,
02:15
would, can, and could. Sit down, won't you? Open the window, will you? Don't go outside,
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would, can ๋ฐ could์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•‰์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ ์ข€ ์—ด์–ด์ค„๋ž˜? ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋งˆ,
02:21
will you? Keep quiet, won't you?
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์‘? ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
02:24
The level of formality depends upon the choice of question tag and the tone of voice,
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๊ฒฉ์‹์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํƒœ๊ทธ์˜ ์„ ํƒ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ํ†ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ,
02:28
although can't you can come across as quite impatient and annoyed - for example: Turn
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์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ฐธ์„์„ฑ์ด ์—†๊ณ  ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋Š”
02:33
the TV down, can't you?
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์—†๋‚˜์š”?
02:36
When making a suggestion, it is common to use the expression let's. Let's stands for
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์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ let's๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Let's๋Š”
02:40
let us, for example: Let's go to the cinema. When we use let's in a question tag we always
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let us์˜ ์•ฝ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด Let's go to the cinema์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํƒœ๊ทธ์— let's๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
02:46
use shall we, regardless of whether let's is affirmative or negative. So for example:
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let's๊ฐ€ ๊ธ์ •์ด๋“  ๋ถ€์ •์ด๋“  ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ shall we๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด:
02:52
Let's go to the cinema, shall we? Or Let's not go to the cinema, shall we? Got it?
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์˜ํ™”๊ด€์— ๊ฐˆ๊นŒ์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง์ž, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”?
03:14
Double positives are possible, and this is quite a common way of reacting when people
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์ด์ค‘ ๊ธ์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:18
have just learned news or when somebody is reacting in an emotional way to something.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
For example: You're getting married, are you? You just lost your wallet, did you? You see?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด: ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ๊ฑฐ์—์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ง€๊ฐ‘์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด?
03:29
Finally, if you start a sentence with I think, don't use the question tag do I. I think he's
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ I think๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ do I๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. I think he's
03:35
a great teacher, do I? Though this can happen in some cases, such as sarcasm, we normally
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a great teacher, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ๋นˆ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
03:42
make the question tag agree with the main information, otherwise we're basically asking
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ํƒœ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์š” ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
03:47
our self to agree with our self. So, for example: I think he's a great teacher, isn't he? Or
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด: ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
03:56
I don't think that's a good idea, is it? Got it?
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์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”?
04:12
For more information go to: bbclearningenglish.com. I've been Dan, haven't I? You've been fantastic,
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์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ bbclearningenglish.com์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ„์ด์—ˆ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด์—ˆ์–ด,
04:17
haven't you? And I'll see you next time, won't I? Cheerio!
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ณด์ž, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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