Action verb & State verbs | English Grammar Lesson | B1-Intermediate

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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Hello and welcome everyone! Thank you for joiningย  me for this presentation on Action verbs and Stateย ย 
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[์Œ์•…]
์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
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verbs. So, I'd now like to share my screen withย  you to look at these questions. They were fromย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‚ด ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
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Lisa and Susan. Lisa asked: 'What's correct:ย  'I'm feeling sleepy' or 'I feel sleepy'? So,ย ย 
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Lisa์™€ Susan์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Lisa๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? '์กธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”' ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด '์กธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”'? ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ
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Continuous tense or Simple tense? And, Susanย  asked: Does 'I haven't felt well recently.' meanย ย 
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Susan์€ '์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•˜๋‚˜์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
'I'm still unwell.'? So, the questions are aboutย  the verb 'feel' but touch on this tricky topic of:ย ย 
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'์•„์ง ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•„'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ 'feel'์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ย  '
00:41
'Is 'feel' an Action verb or a State verb?ย  Can we put it in a Continuous tense or not?ย ย 
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feel'์€ ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”, ๋ง๊นŒ์š”?
00:49
That's the basic question. So, we're going toย  review Action verbs and State verbs together,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:55
starting with what they are obviously. So, thereย  are two types of verbs in English: Action andย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” Action๊ณผ State๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
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State. 95% of verbs describe an action: eat, chat,ย  read, send. And if you think about these actions,ย ย 
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. ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ 95%๋Š” ์‹์‚ฌ, ์ฑ„ํŒ…, ์ฝ๊ธฐ, ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
01:14
the action can stop and start again easily. I canย  be eating, I can stop, and then I can start toย ย 
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋‹จํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
01:21
eat again. And fewer number of verbs, only aboutย  5% of them describe a mental or emotional state,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋จน๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์•ฝ 5%๋งŒ์ด ์ •์‹ ์  ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์  ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
for example: like, know, belong, exist. And theseย  states are usually a bit more permanent. You can'tย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข€ ๋” ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. You can't
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just ... They can't stop and start again easily,ย  and they're called State or Stative verbs. So,ย ย 
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just ... ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒํƒœ๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ,
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that's the definition of the two types of verbs.ย  Now, let's look at what is special about Stateย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ State ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:58
verbs. State verbs can't take Continuous tenses.ย  So for example, if you're eating a dessert,ย ย 
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. ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋””์ €ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
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you can't say - although both things areย  happening at the same time - you can't say:ย ย 
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- ๋น„๋ก ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋”๋ผ๋„ -
02:11
I am liking this dessert. I'm eating: no problem:ย  Present Continuous because it's an action. But,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋””์ €ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹์‚ฌ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰์œ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒย ย  ๋งˆ์Œ์—
02:19
you can't say: I'm liking it. You have to changeย  the Present Continuous to its Simple equivalent:ย ย 
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๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
I like this dessert I'm eating. So, that's forย  present Simple - Present Continuous. Anotherย ย 
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I like this dessert I'm eating. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ - ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
02:33
tense: Present Perfect: You can't say: These twoย  people, they have been knowing each other for lessย ย 
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์‹œ์ œ: ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ: ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚ธ ์ง€
02:40
than a week. The 'have been knowing' (Presentย  Perfect Continuous) changes to its Simple form:ย ย 
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1์ฃผ์ผ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'have been Knowing'(ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•)์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
They have known each other for less than a week.ย  But, then if we have the action verb 'chat',ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ๋„ ์ฑ„ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ 'chat'์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
02:54
of course you would put it in the Present Perfectย  Continuous tense: They have been chatting for overย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. They have been chat for over
03:00
2 hours. So, these state verbs cannot go into aย  Continuous form. So, where do we go from here?ย ย 
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2 hour. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?ย ย  ๋งŽ์ง€๋Š”
03:13
We go to the little problem that some verbs, notย  many, just a few verbs, are both Action and State,ย ย 
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์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ž‘๊ณผ ์ƒํƒœ๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
and I have divided these verbs into three groups:ย  The first group is what we call 'sense verbs',ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ๋ง›, ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ '๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋™์‚ฌ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
like taste, smell, and look. These verbs canย  designate an action if you're experiencingย ย 
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, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
03:39
something or a state if you're describingย  something. For example, if you have a glass ofย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์™€์ธ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ 
03:46
wine and you're drinking it, you can say: We areย  tasting the wine. It's an action in progress. Or,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™€์ธ์„ ๋ง›๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„ํ–‰์ค‘์ธ ์ž‘์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š”,
03:54
someone who is looking at some options, it'sย  an action. He can start and stop looking atย ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜ต์…˜ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:01
the options. So, you would say: He was looking atย  all the options. But when the same verbs describeย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
04:09
something, now they are State verbs, and we cannotย  put them in the Continuous tense. For example,ย ย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด์ œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
04:16
you would say: We are tasting the wine andย  the wine - we can't use the Continuous form:ย ย 
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™€์ธ์„ ๋ง›๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™€์ธ - ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ์†ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
'is tasting nice' changes to the Simple form: Theย  wine tastes nice. Or: All the options - not 'wereย ย 
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'๋ง›์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์™€์ธ ๋ง›์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š”: ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ต์…˜ - '
04:31
looking expensive' but 'looked expensive'. So,ย  these are the first, this is the first group:ย ย 
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๋น„์‹ธ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ '๋น„์‹ธ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค'. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
04:38
Sense verbs. Let's look at the second group. Theseย  are some verbs that have two different meanings,ย ย 
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์˜๋ฏธ ๋™์‚ฌ. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
and I think I've chosen five important ones forย  you. So, let's look at them one by one: The firstย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ
04:54
one is the verb 'to be'. Now to be is 99% of theย  time a State verb when you describe something, butย ย 
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๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'to be'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Now to be๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ State ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 99% ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ,
05:03
very occasionally, it is a synonym for the Actionย  verb 'behave'. So, if you say to someone or ifย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๋”์€ Action ๋™์‚ฌ 'behave'์™€ ๋™์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '
05:13
you hear: Why are you being so difficult today?ย  (the state verb 'be' with the Continuous tense),ย ย 
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๋„ˆ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํž˜๋“ค์–ด? (์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ 'be'),ย ย  'behave'
05:21
it's because we're using it as a synonym forย  'behave'. We want to say: Why are you behavingย ย 
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์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
in such a difficult manner today? But of course,ย  if the answer is 'Oh, I'm sorry! I'm exhausted.'ย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํƒœ๋„๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด '์•„, ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”! ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.'
05:35
we now cannot use 'I am being sorry' although it'sย  for this moment, or 'I am being exhausted'. So:ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ '๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”' ๋‚˜ '์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ:
05:43
Why are you being so difficult? > Action. 'I amย  sorry. I am exhausted.' > State. So that's theย ย 
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํž˜๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? > ์•ก์…˜. ' ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.' > ์ƒํƒœ. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ
05:51
first verb. The second verb in this category withย  two different meanings is 'have'. You know thatย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'have'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
'have' means 'own' or 'possess'. That's its mainย  meaning, but sometimes, we use it to replace verbsย ย 
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'๊ฐ–๋‹ค'๋Š” '์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๋‹ค', '์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋จน๋‹ค, ๋งˆ์‹œ๋‹ค, ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:07
like: eat, drink, or experience. So, it changesย  its meaning to an Action verb. For example,ย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
06:16
in the examples I've written: Is she having a goodย  time? Is she experiencing a good time? Presentย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ํ˜„์žฌ
06:22
Continuous: at the moment. But if your answer is:ย  'I have no idea.', now we're using the verb 'have'ย ย 
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์—ฐ์†: ํ˜„์žฌ. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด 'I don't have'๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ 'have'๋ฅผ
06:29
as a state verb, so we can't say: I'm havingย  no idea. You know it sounds really strange,ย ย 
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ 'I'm have no idea'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ •๋ง ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ
06:36
so you know naturally, reflexively, that it's 'Iย  have no idea.' But, that explains why sometimesย ย 
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๋‹ˆ๊นŒย ย  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ '๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
06:44
you see this verb in the Continuous tense and mostย  of the time you don't. The next important verb inย ย 
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
06:52
this group is 'think'. Again if you think aboutย  it, it has two different ideas: one is 'reflect',ย ย 
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'์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” '๋ฐ˜์˜',
07:01
'consider'. It's an action. You can think aboutย  something and then stop thinking about it. But theย ย 
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'๊ณ ๋ ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:07
other one is the state, meaning 'having an idea,ย  an opinion', a synonym for 'I believe'. So, myย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” '์ƒ๊ฐ, ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ '๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค'์™€ ๋™์˜์–ด์ธ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด
07:16
examples are: You can ask someone: Have you beenย  thinking about a topic? Have you been reflecting,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ,
07:23
considering? And the answer would be: Yes, Iย  think I'll speak about dolphins.' for example. So,ย ย 
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๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค, ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œย ย  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ '์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค'
07:30
you see the two different ideas, meanings of theย  verb 'think' here. So, these three are the mostย ย 
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์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
07:38
common ones that you have to be very aware of:ย  be, have, and think. But, I thought of two otherย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ, ์ฆ‰ ์กด์žฌ, ์†Œ์œ , ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:45
ones that could lead to confusion, so I thoughtย  I'd mention them to you. Well, actually three.ย ย 
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ํ˜ผ๋™์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ ค์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์Œ, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” 3๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
Two of them are here: the verbs 'mean' and 'want'.ย  Obviously, let's look at the state mean meanings,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: '์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค'์™€ '์›ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ ์˜๋ฏธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:00
which are the common meanings. 'mean is toย  'signify': What does this word mean? And, 'want'ย ย 
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. '์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค ': ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'want'๋Š”
08:05
is to 'desire' when you want something. But,ย  these two verbs are also used very occasionallyย ย 
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๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์›ํ•  ๋•Œ '์š•๋งํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๋”
08:13
as synonyms for 'intend', and then, they becomeย  Action verbs, rarely, but you would, you mightย ย 
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'์˜๋„'์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“œ๋ฌผ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
have already heard: I've been meaning or I've beenย  wanting to ask you for a refund. We are using themย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™˜๋ถˆ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
with their 'intend' meaning in the Continuousย  form. Now, if we go to the State meaning of theseย ย 
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์—ฐ์†ํ˜• ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” '์˜๋„'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด
08:38
verbs, we can no longer use the Continuous form.ย  So, we can't say: What are you meaning? No. It'sย ย 
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
08:44
always: What do you mean? Or: You're wanting aย  refund? We can't say that. It's: What do you meanย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒย ย : ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋˜๋Š”: ํ™˜๋ถˆ์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰: ํ™˜๋ถˆ์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”
08:51
you want a refund? So, Simple forms becauseย  now they have a state meaning. And the lastย ย 
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? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜•์‹์€ ์ด์ œ ์ƒํƒœ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
08:59
one that came to my mind was the verb 'love', fromย  the famous McDonald's thing saying: I'm lovingย ย 
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๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋„๋‚ ๋“œ์˜ ๋ง์ธ I'm love
09:09
it. That's why it came to me. A student had askedย  that question: Why is it 'I'm loving it.'? Becauseย ย 
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it์—์„œ ๋”ฐ์˜จ 'love'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜จ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์™œ '์ข‹์•„์š”'์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
09:15
'love' can also be used as an Action verb, meaningย  to 'enjoy' whereas of course its usual Stateย ย 
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'love'๋Š” '์ฆ๊ธฐ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ State
09:22
meaning is to 'like very much'. So for example,ย  if the sun is shining today, and you're sitting inย ย 
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์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” '๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋น›๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ–‡๋น› ์†์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
09:28
the sun, you can say: Oh my God, I'm loving thisย  sunshine today. But if you want to say how youย ย 
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ํ–‡๋น›์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:35
feel about something in general, you would, youย  cannot say: Oh yes I'm loving sunny days. It's aย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„, ๋„ค, ์ €๋Š” ํ™”์ฐฝํ•œ ๋‚ ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
09:42
state, it's an emotional state, and you can't sayย  that. You have to change it to the Simple form:ย ย 
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์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ •์  ์ƒํƒœ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
I love sunny days. So, these are groups 1 andย  2, relatively easy to get the idea. Now let'sย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™”์ฐฝํ•œ ๋‚ ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน 1๊ณผ 2์ด๋ฉฐ ๋น„๊ต์  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
09:59
look at group 3, slightly trickier, the finalย  group, and that is verbs with the same meaning butย ย 
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน 3์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:06
with different emphasis. And, the three importantย  ones are: live, work, and the final one: feel. So,ย ย 
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๊ฐ•์กฐ์ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ, ์ž‘์—…, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ,
10:18
look at the verb 'live'. When we use this verb, itย  could refer to a short-term temporary situation,ย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ 'live'๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ž„์‹œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
10:27
in which case it becomes closer or moreย  similar to an action, like let's say yourย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜
10:34
house is being decorated, and currently, atย  the moment, you're living with your sister,ย ย 
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์ง‘์ด ์žฅ์‹๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ๋‹ˆ๋ž‘ ๊ฐ™์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ,
10:40
so it's a temporary situation. Therefore, we wouldย  probably say: I've been living with my sister - inย ย 
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์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
10:47
the short term - for a month. The idea is thatย  it it will soon change. It's temporary, whereasย ย 
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๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๊ณง ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด
10:55
when this verb 'live' refers to a long-term fact,ย  it becomes a lot more similar to a state, like:ย ย 
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ 'live'๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํƒœ์™€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
I have lived in this town all my life. I meanย  you could say: 'I have been living in this townย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ ์ด ๋งˆ์„์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, '๋‚˜๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ ์ด ๋งˆ์„์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:09
all my life.' It's not wrong, but it's like, a bitย  unnecessary. So, live. 'work' is exactly the same.ย ย 
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.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ง์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ข€ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์‚ด์•„๋ผ. '์ผ'๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค.
11:19
If it's a short-term temporary situation, it getsย  closer to an action, like working on a project orย ย 
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๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‚˜ ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
working, for example I have here, on these slides:ย  She has been working on these slides for a week,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์— ๋‚˜์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์—…ํ•ด ์™”๊ณ 
11:32
and she continues to do so. But, if it'sย  now becoming more of a fact of your life,ย ย 
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ
11:38
or her life, then it's more likely that we want toย  use it as a State verb, like: She has worked forย ย 
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๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
11:45
this farm for 11 years. Right? It's not somethingย  that can change straight away tomorrow. And thatย ย 
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์ด ๋†์žฅ์—์„œ 11๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋‚ด์ผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
11:54
brings us to the verb that started the questionsย  from Susan and Lisa, and that's the verb 'feel'.ย ย 
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Susan๊ณผ Lisa์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ, ์ฆ‰ 'feel'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
Again the same thing: You can think of it as aย  short temporary situation, similar to an action,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์งง์€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
your feeling can change suddenly, quickly. Forย  example, you could say: I'm feeling hungry. I'mย ย 
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๊ฐ์ •์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ, ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
12:16
going to have my sandwich now. That eating of yourย  sandwich will change the feeling, it's temporary,ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋จน์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋จน์œผ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
whereas it could also be a long-term factย  similar to a state, maybe you have a cat,ย ย 
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์ƒํƒœ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
12:29
your neighbour has a cat, the neighbours don'tย  treat him well, and you always feel sorry for thisย ย 
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์ด์›ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด์›ƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:35
cat. So, these are the three verbs that can leadย  to confusion. So, let's now go to the questions.ย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜ผ๋™์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ย  ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
12:46
Let's see how these questions are answeredย  in view of what we have just looked at. So,ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
12:52
Lisa asked: What's correct: 'I'm feeling sleepy.'ย  or 'I feel sleepy.'? Well, as we've just seen,ย ย 
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Lisa๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? '์กธ๋ ค์š”.' ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด '์กธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.'? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
13:00
they're both correct. If you use the Continuousย  tense: I'm feeling sleepy, then it's somethingย ย 
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ : ์กธ๋ ค์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด
13:06
that you think can change very quickly: I thinkย  I'll go to bed now. But if you say something like:ย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
13:13
'I feel sleepy.', it's as if this state is goingย  to stay with you longer. Maybe you're at work,ย ย 
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'์กธ๋ ค์š”.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ
13:19
you've just had lunch, and you think: Oh nowย  I feel sleepy. It will be hard to concentrateย ย 
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  '์•„, ์ด์ œ ์กธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜คํ›„์—๋Š” ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:25
this afternoon. It's very very similar, veryย  difficult to really distinguish which is which,ย ย 
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. ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
which is why native speakers usually just useย  them interchangeably without thinking aboutย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:39
this very subtle distinction. So, let's lookย  at the second question. It was from Susan. So,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ž”์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:48
what about 'I haven't felt well recently.' Doesย  that mean I'm still unwell? Or 'I have felt',ย ย 
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'์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„์ง ๋ชธ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋˜๋Š” '๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋Š”
13:56
which is usually a finished action, and now I'mย  okay. Tricky! Again, listening to native speakersย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ์ž‘์—…์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด์ œ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตํ™œํ•œ! ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ,
14:05
around me using these tenses, usually when theyย  even say 'I haven't felt well recently.' they'reย ย 
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์ œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด '์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
14:12
using it as a State verb with the sense that theย  state has been there for some time and may notย ย 
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์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
change quickly. So, they're still feeling unwell.ย  That's the idea that they're trying to give you,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๋ชธ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ
14:25
not that they have felt unwell, and now they'reย  okay. But, you can also say, and it's probablyย ย 
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์ข‹์•˜๊ณ  ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ '
14:31
better to say 'I haven't been feeling wellย  recently', because this gives more a sense of aย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋‚˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
14:37
short-term situation, but well hopefully, you canย  soon feel better. The situation may change soon.ย ย 
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๊ณง ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๊ณง ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
It's temporary. It's always that distinctionย  between temporary, now, can change soon,ย ย 
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์ผ์‹œ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ๊ณง ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ
14:53
or long-term fact that's more likely to continueย  as it is. Right! Okay, I think that's it. I I'mย ย 
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์ง€์†๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ! ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„. ์ €๋Š”ย ย ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ
15:04
just going to finish with a quick summary becauseย  I know there's been a lot of information. So,ย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์š”์•ฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
15:10
usually it's very clear if a verb is Action, likeย  eat and chat - you can start and stop - or State,ย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๊ณ  ์ฑ„ํŒ…(์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์ž‘์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:19
like 'like'. You like something, you like it. Youย  can't suddenly 'unlike' it, or you know something,ย ย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํƒœ์ธ์ง€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ '์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:26
you know it. You can't suddenly 'unknow' it, andย  then know it again. I think that's quite easy toย ย 
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ '์•Œ์ง€' ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ฝค ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”
15:32
distinguish. And, we've looked at the main onesย  that can be both: reminding you: sense verbs:ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค: ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋™์‚ฌ:
15:40
taste, smell, and look. And the secondย  category was verbs with two different meanings,ย ย 
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๋ง›, ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ, ๋ชจ์Šต. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ,
15:46
and I had chosen these five for you, which are theย  most common. There may be one or two other ones,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋” ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒย ย  ์•„๋งˆ
15:52
but you won't come across them probably.ย  So: be, have, think, want, and mean. Theย ย 
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๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ–๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์›ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
tricky one was the third group: verbs with theย  same meaning but different emphasis on action orย ย 
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
16:08
state, and the three we discussed were: live,ย  work, and feel. These three cause confusion,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” live, work ๋ฐ Feel์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
16:17
especially with the Present Perfect tense, whereย  the Simple and Continuous forms finally mean theย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•๊ณผ ์—ฐ์†ํ˜•์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:24
same thing. Someone says: I've been living hereย  for a year. They're treating the verb 'live' asย ย 
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. ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์‚ฌ 'live'๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ
16:30
an action, so they're putting it in the Continuousย  form. Someone else may think of it as a state,ย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒํƒœ,
16:35
a long-term situation, and treat it as a Stateย  verb and say: I have lived here for a year. Theyย ย 
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์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ' ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
16:42
mean exactly the same thing, and it's importantย  to remember this so you don't misunderstand theย ย 
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฉฐ,
16:48
second speaker, the one who said 'I've livedย  here for a year.' because usually, if we useย ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ™”์ž, '๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์˜คํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
16:55
'I have done' with an Action verb, it means it'sย  over, it's finished. Right, that's the end of theย ย 
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๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 'I have done'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋„ค, ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:03
presentation. I hope it has clarified to a greatย  extent the difference between Action and Stateย ย 
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด Action๊ณผ State ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…
17:11
verbs and helped you a little bit towards usingย  them correctly. I hope you've enjoyed this lesson.ย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋‚˜๋งˆ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
For more on this topic, click here. Rememberย  to also check out my complete online course,ย ย 
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ œ ์ „์ฒด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋„ ๊ผญ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ ,
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์ข‹์•„์š”์™€ ๊ตฌ๋…๋„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ ๋˜์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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