ED pronunciation - D or T?! | Simple Past and past participle suffix pronunciation

147,956 views ใƒป 2018-03-27

Accent's Way English with Hadar


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hey guys, it's Hadar and this is the Accent's Way.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฅด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•…์„ผํŠธ์˜ ๊ธธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
Today we are going to talk about something that many of you have asked me to explain before and that is
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ด์ „์— ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
00:09
how to pronounce the -ed suffix or shall we call it the 't' suffix or just the 'd' suffix.
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-ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 't' ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ 'd' ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ๊นŒ์š”?
00:19
Now the -ed suffix can be pronounced three different ways the first one is just
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์ด์ œ -ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”
00:25
'd'
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00:26
as in 'played'
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'played'
00:28
or
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๋˜๋Š” '
00:30
'organized'
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organized'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'd'
00:32
The second option is a 't' sound as in 'worked', or 'crossed'.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ต์…˜์€ 'worked' ๋˜๋Š” 'crossed'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ 't' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
Now the third option is 'id' a relaxed 'i' sound and a 'd'.
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์ด์ œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ต์…˜์€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ 'i' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ 'd'์˜ 'id'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
'id'
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'id'
00:45
As in 'did', and you can find it in words like 'invented' or 'executed'.
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'did'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'invented' ๋˜๋Š” 'executed'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Now like we don't have enough confusing things in English, this -ed suffix
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด -ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋Š”
00:55
sounds like three different sounds, when do we know when to use what?
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ์ œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:58
So, I'll first lay out the rule, right the phonological rule, and then I'll give you
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๋จผ์ € ์Œ์šด๋ก ์  ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
01:05
my rule, which is the shortcut actually.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์ธ ๋‚ด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Now when the past suffix appears after a vowel then it's pronounced as a 'd' as in
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ์Œ ๋’ค์— ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:15
'played', 'fried' and 'stayed'
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'played', 'fried', 'stayed'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ 'd'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
Do you hear that? It's a 'd' sound.
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๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ใ„น'์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
'stay'
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'stay'
01:23
'stayed'
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'stayed'
01:25
'fry'
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'fry' '
01:26
'fried'
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fried'
01:27
Now when the -ed suffix appears after a voiced consonant as in
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์ด์ œ
01:35
'b'
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'b'
01:36
'g'
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'g' '
01:37
'j'
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j' '
01:39
'z'
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z'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ๋’ค์— -ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ
01:40
Okay, all of these are voiced consonants because the vocal cords are vibrating, for example
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„๋™, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:46
'saved'
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'saved'
01:48
The 'v' is a voiced consonant so the -ed is pronounced as a 'd'
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'v'๋Š” ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ -ed๋Š” 'd'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
01:54
'saved'
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saved'
01:55
There is no vowel here, okay, it's not 'sei-ved'. The only time we add a vowel
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'sei-ved'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 'd' ์•ž์— ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€
02:01
before the 'd' is in the third option, and we're gonna talk about that in a second, okay.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ต์…˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
So in the word 'save' there is no 'e' sound it's just a 'd' right after the consonant
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'save'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” 'e' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ  'seivd' ์ž์Œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— 'd'๋งŒ ๋ถ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:14
'seivd'
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02:15
And if it's difficult for you then practice stretching out, holding out the sound before.
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.
02:21
'seiv...' and as you're pronouncing it lift the tongue up for the 'd'
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'seiv...' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ๋•Œ 'd' '
02:26
'seiv...d', and that's it 'saved'.
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seiv...d'๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜€๋ฅผ ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด 'saved'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
'determine'
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'determine'
02:33
'determined'
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'determined'
02:35
It's not 'de-T'R-mi-nEd'.
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'de-T'R-mi-nEd'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
Okay, there is no vowel there. Why?
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ?
02:39
Because there is a consonant, a voiced consonant at the end, that's an 'n' sound.
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๋์— ์ž์Œ, ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'n' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
'determin...'
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'๊ฒฐ์ •...'
02:46
How do I know? I can feel my vocal cords vibrating as I'm pronouncing the 'n'
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? 'n'
02:51
'determin...nnnd'
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'determin...nnnd' '
02:54
'de-T'R-mind
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de-T'R-mind
02:57
'organize'
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'organize' '
02:59
'z' is a voiced consonant
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z'๋Š” ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ
03:01
'organiz...d'
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'organiz...d'
03:04
I'm closing it with the 'd'
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I'๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. m 'd'๋กœ ๋‹ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
03:05
Not 'organized'
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๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ' '
03:07
'OR-g'-naizd'
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OR-g'-naizd'
03:10
Okay, so a 'd' after a vowel, that's easy, a 'd' after a voiced consonant.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ชจ์Œ ๋’ค์— 'd'๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ๋’ค์— 'd'๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
That's a little more challenging, so you want to make sure there is no vowel there.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Now when the -ed suffix appears after a voiceless consonant.
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์ด์ œ -ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ๋’ค์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ.
03:25
So think about it. Let's try to say the word 'work' and add to it the 'd' sound.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. 'work'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— 'd' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:31
'work'
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'work'
03:32
'workd...'
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'workd...' '
03:35
'work'
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work' '
03:36
'workt'
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workt'
03:38
Doesn't come out as a 'd'. Let's think of the word 'cross'.
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'd'๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์‹ญ์ž๊ฐ€'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:42
'cross'
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'cross'
03:43
'crossed'
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'crossed'
03:44
No, there is no vowel in between, okay?
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์—†์–ด, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
03:47
So we have to connect the consonant, let's try
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž์Œ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:49
'crossd'
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'crossd'๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž
03:51
It's almost impossible. It doesn't sound good and it takes up too much energy.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
Why? Because when the 'd' appears after a voiceless consonant, for example
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์™œ? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:00
's'
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's' '
04:01
'k'
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04:01
'f'
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k' '
f' '
04:02
'sh'
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sh'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ๋’ค์— 'd
04:04
Then the 'd' turns into a 't'. It's like the 'd' which is a voiced consonant, takes the feature
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'๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฉด 'd'๋Š” 't'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ธ 'd'์™€ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:12
the voicing feature of whatever comes before, so if it's a voiced consonant
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์•ž์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์œ ์„ฑ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ
04:17
then it remains a voiced 'd'.
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์ด๋ฉด ์œ ์„ฑ 'd'๋กœ ๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
If it's a voiceless consonant, then it loses its voicing quality, and it turns into a 't'.
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๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ด๋ฉด ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์งˆ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  't'๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.
04:28
So the 'd' turns into a 't', if it appears after a voiceless consonant.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'd'๋Š” ๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋ฉด 't'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
For example
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:34
'wash'
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'wash'
04:35
'sh' 'sh' 'sh', voiceless
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'sh' 'sh' 'sh', ๋ฌด์„ฑ
04:37
'waasht'
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'waasht'
04:38
That's a 't'.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 't'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
'cross'
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'cross'
04:40
'craast'
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'craast'
04:43
'walk'
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'walk' '
04:44
'waakt'
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waakt'
04:46
'mix'
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'mix'
04:49
'mikst'
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'mikst'
04:50
Right, so, it's not 'mixd'.
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๋งž์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'mixd'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
It's not 'mix-ed'.
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'ํ˜ผํ•ฉ'์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ
04:56
It's 'mikst'.
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'๋ฏน์ŠคํŠธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
And I think this is the most important thing you need to remember.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
So when the -ed suffix appears after a voiceless consonant, then it turns into a 't.'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ๋’ค์— -ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฉด 't'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Only when the -ed suffix appears after a verb that ends with a 't' or a 'd', then we add the 'i' as in 'sit' right before.
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-ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 't' ๋˜๋Š” 'd'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ „์— 'sit'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'i'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
Why? Because try to say just one consonant, just the 'd' sound after 'embed'
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์™œ? ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ž์Œ๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'embed'
05:26
'embed...'
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'embed...'
05:28
or 'invite'
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๋˜๋Š” 'invite' '
05:30
'invite...'
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invite...' ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” 'd' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:32
Right, I can't suggest that there is an -ed suffix because they connect, the two 'd's or the two 't's.
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. -ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ 'd' ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ 't'๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
So we have to add a little vowel, an 'i' sound, it can also drop to a schwa.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž‘์€ ๋ชจ์Œ์ธ 'i' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šˆ์™€๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
And then add the 'd' that indicates that this is the past form
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•
05:50
'embed'
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'embed'
05:52
'embedded'
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'embedded'
05:55
'invite'
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'invite'
05:56
'invited' or 'invi(d)ed'
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'invited' ๋˜๋Š” 'invi(d)ed'
05:59
Right, because the 't' turns into a 'd' between two vowels
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์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” 'd'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ชจ์Œ
06:03
'execute'
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'์‹คํ–‰'
06:05
'executed'
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'์‹คํ–‰'
06:07
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
06:08
So when the -ed suffix appears after a 't' or a 'd' that's the only time we add a vowel
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ -ed ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 't' ๋˜๋Š” 'd' ๋’ค์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๊ณ 
06:16
and that's the 'e' sound or just a schwa, if you speak really fast
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'e' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์Šˆ์™€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
06:21
'embedded'
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'๋‚ด์žฅ' '์ดˆ๋Œ€
06:23
'invited'
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'
06:24
Okay, now here's my tip when it comes to how do you know if you should pronounce it as a 'd', or a 't'.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ 'd'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ 't'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ํŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
Always try to add a 'd' with no vowel right after the verb.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์—†๋Š” 'd'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:37
So 'played'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๋†€์•˜๋‹ค'
06:38
That's okay!
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„!
06:39
But then when you want to say a word like 'wash' and add the 'd' sound, because that's the thumb rule
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'wash'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  'd' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
06:45
'wash...'
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'wash...'์˜ ์—„์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:47
It's almost impossible to say, it's going to come out as a 't' anyway because English doesn't like it
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  't'๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋Š”
06:52
when you have a voiceless consonant, and then a voiced consonant right after
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๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  'wash...' ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
'wash...'
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06:58
So as long as you don't turn it in to 'wash-ed' to make it easy on you
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07:03
just let it come out as it should and it's going to come out as a 't'
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์›๋ž˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋†”๋‘๋ฉด 't' '
07:08
'washed'
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washed'
07:09
'washed'
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'washed'๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:11
Okay, so sometimes non-native speakers try to simplify it and then add the schwa sound, right.
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋น„์›์–ด๋ฏผ ํ™”์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ schwa ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
'washษ™d' or an 'e' sound
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'washษ™d' ๋˜๋Š” 'e' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:19
'washed'
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'washed'
07:20
So the 'd' actually comes out. Don't worry the 'd' shouldn't come out if it's impossible to pronounce it, right.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'd'๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉด 'd'๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
07:26
'washed'
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'washed'
07:27
'crossed'
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'crossed'
07:28
'mixed'
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'mixed'
07:29
I'm spitting all over the place here, but that's okay you should too.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ์นจ์„ ๋ฑ‰๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
I know it might still be a little bit confusing, and this is why you can come on over to my website and see all
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ์™€์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:39
the rules written out, so you can write it to yourself and practice it and just think about it.
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.
07:46
Okay guys! The most important thing is don't be afraid to make mistakes
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด! ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
because that's the only way you learn, so speak up and don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel and
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ 
07:58
have a wonderful week, and I will see you next week in the next video.
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๋ฉ‹์ง„ ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค.
08:03
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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