American English Vowels | IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) vowel chart FREE DOWNLOAD

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2019-06-25 ใƒป Accent's Way English with Hadar


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American English Vowels | IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) vowel chart FREE DOWNLOAD

1,069,363 views ใƒป 2019-06-25

Accent's Way English with Hadar


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hey there. It's Hadar and this is the Accent's Way.
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์ด๋ด. ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฅด์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•…์„ผํŠธ์˜ ๊ธธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:02
Today I have a different lesson for you. And that's because I have my magic marker in one hand
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์†์—๋Š” ๋งค์ง ๋งˆ์ปค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:07
and my vowel chart on the wall.
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๋ฒฝ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ ์ฐจํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ ค ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
And we're going to talk about all the vowels of American English
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
I'm gonna walk you through this vowel chart. You might have seen it in the past.
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์ด ๋ชจ์Œ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
So we gonna talk about all the strange and funny symbols here and what they represent.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ˜ธ์™€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
But also I'm gonna teach you how to pronounce them and what are the challenges that you might be facing
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ
00:33
as you trying to pronounce these sounds as a non-native speaker.
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๋น„์›์–ด๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง๋ฉดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
So, let's begin.
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์ž, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
This is a diagram of your mouth basically.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์˜ ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
So you need to think of it as if it's the profile of a person as if I'm standing like this
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์˜†๋ชจ์Šต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ
00:49
and all the vowels on the left part of the chart are front vowels
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐจํŠธ ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•ž๋ชจ์Œ์ด๋ผ ํ˜€๊ฐ€
00:55
that means that the tongue is rolling forward to produce those vowels,
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ตด๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ ,
01:00
okay, these are front vowels in comparison to back vowels where the tongue pulls back okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋’ท๋ชจ์Œ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์•ž๋ชจ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
So, basically, the horizontal axis shows you the position of the tongue, the placement of the tongue
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ถ•์€ ํ˜€์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
in comparison to the front of the mouth: the front or the back.
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์ž…์˜ ์•ž์ชฝ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜€์˜ ์œ„์น˜ (์•ž์ชฝ ๋˜๋Š” ๋’ค์ชฝ)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Now the vertical axis is basically the position of your jaw.
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์ด์ œ ์„ธ๋กœ์ถ•์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ„ฑ์˜ ์œ„์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
So as you go higher on the chart then the mouth is more closed, the jaw is more closed, for example
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฐจํŠธ์—์„œ ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ž…์ด ๋” ๋‹ซํžˆ๊ณ  ํ„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋‹ซํž™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:31
I-I and as you go down the jaw drops. Now technically it's not really
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I-I ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ํ„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
01:36
the position of the tongue but it's actually the space between the tongue and the upper palate okay
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ํ˜€์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ˜€์™€ ์œ—์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
and as you open your mouth there is more space between the tongue the body of the tongue
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์ž…์„ ์—ด๋ฉด ํ˜€์™€ ํ˜€์˜ ๋ชธํ†ต ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜€์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
or the highest part of the tongue and the upper palate okay.
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์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„.
01:53
So position of the tongue in relation to the front of the mouth
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž…์˜ ์•ž์ชฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜€์˜ ์œ„์น˜
01:56
or position of the tongue in relation to the roof of the mouth
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๋˜๋Š” ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜€์˜ ์œ„์น˜ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
02:00
Clear? Good.
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? ์ข‹์€.
02:03
Now there are a few other elements that we're gonna talk about as we go along
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์ด์ œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
Let's begin with front vowels and I'm gonna take my magic marker for that.
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์•ž๋ชจ์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์ง ๋งˆ์ปค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
So as we go to the left part of the chart
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ์™ผ์ชฝ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด
02:17
in the highest point of the chart we see the i sound.
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i ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
i
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i
02:22
This sound is the i as in 'see, 'we' and 'she'
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์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'see, we', 'she'์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ i์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
Okay it's a high vowel, high because the tongue is high.
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์ข‹์•„์š” ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋†’์€ ๋ชจ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
It's a tense vowel because all the articulation organs are really tense.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์กฐ์Œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์ •๋ง ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธด์žฅ ๋ชจ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
The lips pull to the sides of it
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์ž…์ˆ ์ด ์˜†์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น๊ฒจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:40
i-i
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i-i we
02:41
we
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02:42
she
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she
02:43
okay
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okay
02:44
and that is in comparison to the relaxed ษช sound that also exists in American English.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ษช ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋น„๊ต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Now as you can see it's a little lower here, a little lower on the chart
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์ด์ œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐจํŠธ์—์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
02:57
that means that the tongue is a little lower.
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ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
So one of the ways to do that is to just drop your jaw a little bit
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํ„ฑ์„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
ษช
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ษช ษช
03:04
ษช
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03:05
It's a relaxed sound, it's the laxed ษช sound and we find it in words like
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ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Š์Šจํ•œ ษช ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ fish ship ๋ฐ rich์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
fish
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03:12
ship
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03:14
and
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03:15
rich
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03:17
Okay, relaxed ษช sound.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ษช ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
As you can see so I have, in green we have here the five neutral vowel sounds that exists in some languages:
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋…น์ƒ‰์—๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์–ธ์–ด์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
a, e, i, o, u
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03:28
So in comparison to those five neutral vowel sounds, we see that there are two different ษช sounds
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ษช ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ณ 
03:34
and none of them sound like a neutral i sound okay.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
So one is more tense:
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ๊ธด์žฅ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
03:39
i-i
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i-i
03:40
she
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๊ทธ๋…€
03:42
we
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ
03:43
and one is relaxed, actually going closer to a real an e sound:
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์™€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์™„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ an e ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
03:47
fish
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fish
03:48
rich
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rich
03:50
and ship
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and ship
03:51
ship
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ship
03:52
It's relaxed, so the jaw is dropped, the jaw is dropped also because I want to bring the tongue
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์ด์™„๋˜์–ด ํ„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ„ฑ๋„ ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
a little lower, the body of the tongue right so it doesn't touch, it's not close to the upper palate,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ, ํ˜€์˜ ๋ชธํ†ต์ด ๋งž๋‹ฟ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก, ์œ— ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ์— ๊ฐ€๊น์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
because as you can see it's a little lower on the chart
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ฐจํŠธ์—์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
ษช
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ษช
04:08
ษช
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ษช
04:09
kid
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kid
04:10
now it's not 'e'. This is a neutral as sound as in, it doesn't exist in English, but it's a neutral e.
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์ด์ œ 'e'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ e์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
So a lot of people may say something like
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
04:20
'set'
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'set' '
04:21
'set'
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set' ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:22
but it's not 'set' it's 'sit'
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'set'์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ 'sit'
04:25
'kid'
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'kid'
04:26
'rich' right
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'rich'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
Now if we go a little lower we get to the American ษ›, ษ› as in 'red'.
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๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰'.
04:37
'head'
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'๋จธ๋ฆฌ'
04:38
and 'said'.
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์™€ '๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค'.
04:41
Notice that it's not 'seษชd' it's not the diphthong eษช
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์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ 'seษชd'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์˜ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ eษช๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
in blue we have diphthongs, diphthongs are vowels that change in the middle of pronunciation
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์€ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:52
or actually, you can think of it as two vowels that go together within the same syllable
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. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์Œ์ ˆ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
So here this is an ษ› sound. Just a bit more open than a neutral e sound that might exist in your language
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ษ› ์†Œ๋ฆฌ. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
05:05
if you are a Spanish speaker, for example, 'e'
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'e'
05:07
ษ›
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ษ› ษ›
05:08
ษ›
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05:09
rษ›d
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rษ›d
05:10
hษ›d
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hษ›d
05:12
sษ›d
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sษ›d๋Š”
05:13
okay now that's the ษ› sound.
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ษ› ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
If I drop my jaw a bit more low, my tongue a bit more
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ํ„ฑ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ํ˜€๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ด๋ฐ€๋ฉด
05:20
remember I need to keep the tip of the tongue forward
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ํ˜€ ๋์„ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฐ€์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:24
cuz it's on the front, on the left side of the chart right
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์•ž์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ์™ผ์ชฝ์—
05:28
then we get to the รฆ as in 'cat'.
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์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '.
05:32
รฆ
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รฆ
05:33
'bad'
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'๋‚˜์œ'
05:34
'cat'
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'๊ณ ์–‘์ด'
05:35
'happy'
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'ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ'
05:37
right 'cat' and 'bad'
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ '๊ณ ์–‘์ด'์™€ '๋‚˜์œ'
05:40
and
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05:40
laughed
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
์›ƒ์—ˆ๋‹ค
05:44
So we have the tense i as in 'seat', the relaxed ษช as in 'sit', the ษ› as in 'set' and the รฆ as in 'sat'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'seat'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ์ œ i, 'sit'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ษช, 'set'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ษ› ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  รฆ 'ํ† '์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด.
05:56
Now do it with me.
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์ด์ œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:57
seat, sit, set, sat
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seat, sit, set, sat
06:03
'bead' - tense i
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'bead' - ์‹œ์ œ i
06:07
'bid'-relaxed i
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'bid'-relaxed i
06:10
'bed' that's the ษ› sound
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'bed'๋Š” ษ› ์†Œ๋ฆฌ
06:12
and 'bad'
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์ด๊ณ  'bad'๋Š”
06:14
right so these are pure vowels, the four pure vowels in American English:
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ๋ชจ์Œ:
06:20
i, ษช, ษ›, รฆ
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i, ษช, ษ› , รฆ
06:23
Now let's look at diphthongs in the front
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์ด์ œ ์•ž์˜ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:27
okay, so we have the 'eษช' as in 'day', as you can see it's a little higher that means that
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. 'eษช'๋Š” 'day'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'eษช'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด
06:32
the tongue is a little higher for the 'eษช'.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
That's a changing vowel. Now it's really important because that's how you distinguish between,
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๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
let's use a different color here,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
that's how you distinguish between 'sell' and 'sale' right.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ 'ํŒ๋งค'์™€ 'ํŒ๋งค'๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
Because that's the ษ› sound: /sษ›l/. And here you have a changing vowel: /seษชl/.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ษ› ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: /sษ›l/. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: /seษชl/.
06:57
So you start with an 'e' and then actually the tongue is going towards the ษช sound: 'eษช'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'e'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ˜€๊ฐ€ 'eษช' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
'eษช', right.
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'์—์ด', ๋งž๋‹ค.
07:07
So you have to reach that ษช-part. Imagine as if you're adding j sound like an 'yes':
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ษช ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'yes'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ j ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:13
day
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day
07:15
sale
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sale
07:16
fail
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fail
07:18
safe
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safe
07:19
date
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date
07:21
okay
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okay
07:22
So that's a long eษช-sound and it is long because it's a diphthong
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธด eษช ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ณ  ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธธ๊ธฐ
07:26
so you're gonna like squeezing two vowels together. That's the 'eษช'.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์งœ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ '์—์ด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
And here if we go a little lower we see that the รฆ sound, that's the 'a' as in 'cat', exists in a diphthong as well.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ฉด รฆ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ, ์ฆ‰ 'cat'์—์„œ 'a'๊ฐ€ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์—๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
Now we see that we start with รฆ and then we move into the 'สŠ' sound. All the way back here.
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์ด์ œ รฆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ 'สŠ' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€.
07:47
So basically you're going like this
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
07:50
the front part of the tongue is pulling back, or the tongue is the tongue pulls back and you start with รฆ
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ํ˜€์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋’ค๋กœ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ณ  รฆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
07:58
and you move into สŠ because that's the 'รฆสŠ' as in 'now'.
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สŠ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ง€๊ธˆ'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'รฆสŠ'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
now
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08:06
right, so we have 'now'
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'now' 'brown'์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
'brown'
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08:11
Now it's really deceiving cuz it's spelled with 'o' and 'w'
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'o'์™€ 'w'๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ •๋ง ์†์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
but basically, it's that 'รฆ' as 'cat' sound in American English, 'รฆ' and then you move to the สŠ sound.
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สŠ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
now
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์ด์ œ
08:24
brown
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๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰
08:28
sound
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ
08:29
right
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ
08:30
sound
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ
08:31
Now it's not mistake to say 'saund'. What have I done here I just pulled my tongue back
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์ด์ œ '์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ง“์„ ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ณ 
08:36
and I started with a more neutral 'sa- und', 'saund', a.
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์ข€ ๋” ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ 'sa-und', 'saund', a๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
but if you are going for the American accent then the first sound is definitely closer to the รฆ as in 'cat'.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 'cat'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด รฆ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
sound
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ
08:53
Now the last diphthong we have here is 'aษช' as in 'my'
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์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์€ 'my'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'aษช'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:59
okay.
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.
09:00
My life
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๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ
09:02
and also just the word 'I'
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๊ณผ '๋‚˜'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ์ž…
09:04
So here you start with an open mouth because it's, you know, the bottom of the chart
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์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ๋งจ ์•„๋ž˜๊ฐ€
09:10
that means that the jaw is at its most open position, 'a', the tongue is in the front 'a'
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ํ„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ์œ„์น˜์ธ 'a'์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ˜€๊ฐ€ 'a'๋ฅผ ์•ž์— ๋‘๊ณ 
09:17
and then you transition to an 'ษช' right away.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ 'ษช'๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
aษช
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aษช
09:22
aษช
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aษช
09:24
'laษชf'
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'laษชf'
09:25
It's not 'laf', it's not 'a' right. It's 'aษช'.
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'laf'๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  'a'๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ . '์•„์ด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
You have to hear the transition
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09:32
again here you can think as if you're adding a j sound in the middle
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— j ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:37
I
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09:39
my
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09:40
might, okay not 'mat'.
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. '๋งคํŠธ'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
So the transition is really important to clarify that this is the vowel that you're using okay.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ „ํ™˜์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
So again let's look at all the vowel sounds in the front part of the mouth.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž… ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
09:54
We have 'ษช' as in 'see', the 'i' as in 'seat',
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see'์˜ 'ษช', 'seat'์˜ 'i',
09:58
the 'eษช' as in 'day', the 'ษ›' as in red,
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'day'์˜ 'eษช', ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์˜ 'ษ›', '
10:00
the 'รฆ' as in 'cat',
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cat'์˜ 'รฆ',
10:02
'aสŠ' as in 'now' and 'aษช' as in 'my'.
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' aสŠ'๋Š” 'now'์™€ ๊ฐ™๊ณ  'aษช'๋Š” 'my'์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
I hope you're repeating after me.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
Now let's move on to the center okay
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์ด์ œ ์ค‘์•™์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค ์˜ค์ผ€์ด
10:13
This is the 'schwa' sound, the schwa is the most neutral vowel sound in American English
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ '์Šˆ์™€' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šˆ์™€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
and look where it's positioned, it's right there in the middle of the chart because
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์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:22
the tongue is basically at rest pose, so it's resting there on the bottom part of the mouth,
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ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ์ž์„ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฐจํŠธ ์ค‘์•™์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž…์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ณ 
10:27
the jaw is not too tense, it's not too open.
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ํ„ฑ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
Pretty much as if you're just like what you're doing right now if you're not speaking.
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๋ง์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
So you're just sitting there, listening to me and your tongue is resting on the bottom part of the mouth
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์•‰์•„์„œ ๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ˜€๋Š” ์ž…์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ณ 
10:41
and that's your 'schwa'. 'ษ™', it's also a really short sound 'ษ™'
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ '์Šˆ์™€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ษ™', ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ •๋ง ์งง์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ 'ษ™'
10:45
ษ™, ษ™, ษ™
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ษ™, ษ™, ษ™
10:47
that's the schwa sound.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
Now if we go down a bit then we get the 'สŒ' sound and this is it's also called 'a stressed schwa'
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์ด์ œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ฉด 'สŒ' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 'a stressed schwa'๋ผ๊ณ ๋„
10:56
and that's a 'cup' sound.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 'cup' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
Now while the schwa is always unstressed. So it's always the unstressed syllable in a word
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์ด์ œ schwa๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
The' cup' is always stressed, for example, 'cup'
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'cup'์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ
11:10
country,
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11:13
love
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11:14
okay
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11:15
So that's, I call it the neutral 'a' sound in American English. Even though it's not exactly an 'a'
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ 'a'๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
11:21
but it's the closest one. As you can see this is a neutral 'a' if you have that in your language
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ 'a'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:26
then this may sound pretty similar to you and don't mind the spelling patterns
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฝค ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ฒ ์ž ํŒจํ„ด money company์— ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:32
money
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11:33
company, right.
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.
11:35
Don't mind the spelling patterns because the fact that there is an 'O' doesn't mean that there is an 'O' sound.
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'O'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด 'O' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฒ ์ž ํŒจํ„ด์— ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
11:40
Actually, it's 'a cup sound': สŒ
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์‚ฌ์‹ค '์ปต ์†Œ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: สŒ
11:42
/หˆmสŒni/
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/หˆmสŒni/
11:43
/lสŒv/
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/lสŒv/
11:44
/หˆkสŒntri/
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/หˆkสŒntri/
11:45
and of course /kสŒp/.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ /kสŒp/.
11:48
The third central vowel that we're going to talk about today is the ษœ as in 'stir'
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค‘์•™ ๋ชจ์Œ์€ '์ “๋‹ค'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ษœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
no, actually you can do something like this to indicate that this vowel is always associated with the R sound
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ R ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
okay, ษœr
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์˜ค์ผ€์ด, ษœr
12:03
basically, it's like you're taking ษ™ and you're bringing the back of the tongue up a bit to create that 'ษ™r' tension, ษ™r
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ษ™๋ฅผ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  'ษ™r' ์žฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜€์˜ ๋’ค์ชฝ์„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
to make the R basically the size of the tongue touch the insides of the upper teeth
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12:17
ษœr, ษœr
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12:20
So this is the most neutral sound combined with the R and we find it in words like
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R๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
firm
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ํ™•๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ 
12:27
and 'learn'
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'๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ '
12:30
her
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๊ทธ๋…€
12:32
and everyone's favorite
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์™€ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”
12:34
'girl'
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'์†Œ๋…€'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— '์„ธ๊ณ„'๋ฅผ
12:35
and we can also add
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
'world', here right
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12:38
So even though there is an 'o' here and an 'i' and 'e' and 'e' and 'i' it's all the same sound: ษœr
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i'์™€ 'e'์™€ 'e'์™€ 'i'๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ษœr
12:45
girl,
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girl,
12:47
world
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world
12:48
learn
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learn
12:49
her
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her
12:51
and not 'hษ›r' right cuz I'm not adding an 'ษ›' sound here. cuz there's not an ษ› sound here. her
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'hษ›r'์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— 'ษ›' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ษ› ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€
12:58
And that's the 'stir' sound, very neutral, the tongue is in the center.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ €์–ด' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์•™์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
It's just the sides of the tongue pull back a bit to create that R sound, ษœr
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R ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜€์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:06
Now let's move on, let's stick with the red this time, let's move on to the back vowels.
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.
13:12
So here just like with the tense 'i' and relaxed 'ษช' we have two 'u' sounds.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์‹œ์ œ 'i'์™€ ์ด์™„๋œ 'ษช'์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ 'u' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
And in many languages there is only one 'u' sound.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ ์˜ค์ง ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ 'u' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
Now that's a generalization because you know some speakers use actually just this u sound,
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด u ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
13:28
some use the relaxed u sound, some don't even have an 'u' sound in their language
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ u ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์— 'u' ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
13:34
or at least their lips are not rounded.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ์ž…์ˆ ์ด ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
So just take whatever I'm saying with a grain of salt
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
13:40
when I'm talking about the five neutral vowel sounds in American English
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์†Œ๊ธˆ ํ•œ ์•Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:44
it's related to languages that have five vowels or at least the five out neutral vowel sounds.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 5๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ์–ด๋„ 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
Now, this is the tense u sound, 'u' as in 'you', 'you'.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 'you', 'you'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹œ์ œ u ์†Œ๋ฆฌ 'u'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
Now think about it what is it that you're hearing here that is different from how many non-native speakers
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์›์–ด๋ฏผ ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€
14:04
may pronounce it
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14:06
'u', 'u'
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'u', 'u'
14:07
It' longer, I can hear you, I know you just said that.
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It'์„ ๋” ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
'You', right, 'you'.
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'๋„ˆ', ๋ฐ”๋กœ '๋„ˆ'.
14:15
So it's longer, as if I'm adding a W here, right
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— W๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋” ๊ธธ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ
14:18
you
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14:21
two
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๋‘ ๋ถ„๊ณผ
14:22
and room.
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๋ฐฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
tense 'u', so it's a tense sound the back of the tongue is all the way up there,
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์‹œ์ œ 'u', ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธด์žฅ๋œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜€์˜ ๋’ท๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
14:30
the body of the tongue is really close to the soft palate in the back right and the lips round.
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ํ˜€์˜ ๋ชธํ†ต์€ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ๋’ท๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ์— ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ€๊น๊ณ  ์ž…์ˆ ์€ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€์–ด์š”.
14:37
Actually, if we look at vowels on the right side here versus the left side that means
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ๋ชจ์Œ๊ณผ ์™ผ์ชฝ ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
14:43
that these are also rounded, the lips are more rounded, uw, uw
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ , ์ž…์ˆ ์ด ๋” ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:48
I gotta push my lips forward
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14:50
food
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14:51
you
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14:53
room, right.
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14:54
Now in comparison to the relaxed สŠ. Now if you look at it it's as if I'm ticking if I'm moving from the 'u' to the 'ษ™'
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์šด สŠ์— ๋น„ํ•ด. ์ด์ œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด 'u'์—์„œ ์ค‘์„ฑ์Œ์ธ 'ษ™'๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜‘๋”ฑ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:03
which is a neutral sound. So 'u' to 'ษ™'. The relaxed สŠ is somewhere in the middle
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'u'์—์„œ 'ษ™'๋กœ. ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ สŠ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
15:11
So you need to think about the relaxed สŠ as in 'book'
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'์ฑ…' ๋ฐœ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ สŠ
15:16
foot
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15:18
and 'look' as a middle sound between the tense 'u' and the schwa right.
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์™€ '๋ฃฉ'์€ ์‹œ์ œ 'u'์™€ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
Does that make sense? Okay. Let's let's look at it again.
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๋ง์ด ๋ผ? ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
So tense 'u' and this is the relaxed สŠ. So it's not 'buk', 'fut', 'luk'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธด์žฅ๋œ 'u'๋Š” ์ด์™„๋œ สŠ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๋ฒ…', 'ํ’‹', '๋ฃฉ'์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
It's 'bสŠk', 'fสŠt'. Lips are not really rounded and 'lสŠk',
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'bสŠk', 'fสŠt' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์ˆ ์ด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  'lสŠk',
15:44
'tสŠk' , 'pสŠสƒ', 'pสŠl'
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'tสŠk' , 'pสŠสƒ', 'pสŠl'
15:48
All of them have the same vowel sound and that's the relaxed สŠ sound okay.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ สŠ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ˆ์š”.
15:56
Now if we move down the chart, okay. So let's let's go through these diphthongs
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์ด์ œ ์ฐจํŠธ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:02
Here we have the 'oสŠ' as in 'go'.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” 'go'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'oสŠ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
Now this is a neutral O sound and that actually does not exist in American English.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ O ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
So there is no O in English. There are similar sounds.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” O๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
There is the 'ษ”' sound that is a bit more open but a neutral O does not exist.
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์ข€ ๋” ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์ธ 'ษ”' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ O๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
So a lot of times when people try to make that 'oสŠ' diphthong as in 'goสŠ' and 'shoสŠ'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'goสŠ', 'shoสŠ', 'oสŠnly'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ 'oสŠ' ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
16:27
and 'oสŠnly' they end up saying something like 'only' and 'go' and 'show' right.
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'only', 'go', 'show'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์š”.
16:36
So they don't round the lips at the end to an สŠ sound
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ สŠ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋์—์„œ ์ž…์ˆ ์„ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:41
And you may even want to think about it as if you're adding a W at the end right
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— W๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
'ow', 'o(w)nly'
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16:49
'do(w) n't
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w) n't
16:50
A long vowel, a changing vowel and you're transitioning from the O the สŠ.
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์žฅ๋ชจ์Œ, ๋ชจ์Œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ O์—์„œ สŠ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
oสŠnly, hoสŠtel, right, not 'hotel', definitely not 'hatel',
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oสŠnly, hoสŠtel, ๋งž๋‹ค, 'ํ˜ธํ…”'์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 'ํ•˜ํ…”'์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
17:02
show.
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๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋‹ค.
17:04
Okay, so that's a long 'oสŠ' as in 'go.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'go'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ธด 'oสŠ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:06
As you can see, we are going a little lower. We're going down the chart
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
17:10
that means that the jaw is a bit more open and the tongue is still in the back.
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ํ„ฑ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์—ด๋ ค ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋’ค์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐจํŠธ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
You can hear that the sound resonates differently than the 'e' sound or 'i' sound
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'e' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ 'i' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž… ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋‹ค ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šธ๋ คํผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:22
that it's all about the front of the mouth.
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.
17:24
Now let's move on.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
Here we have the ษ” as in 'daughter' sound.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ '๋”ธ' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ษ”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
daughter
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17:34
or law
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17:37
So if we are thinking of this sound in isolation typical spelling patterns that represent the sound 'a', 'v', 'a', 'w'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ 'a', 'v', 'a', 'w'
17:47
'au', sometimes 'ou', 'all' like 'tall' and 'fall' and 'alk' like 'walk'.
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'au', ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ 'ou', 'all'์„ 'tall'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์ฒ ์ž ํŒจํ„ด ', '๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋‹ค'์™€ '์•Œํฌ'๋Š” '๊ฑท๋‹ค'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
17:56
Now I want to tell you something about this ษ” sound when used alone.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ษ”์„ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:02
Now it doesn't exist in all dialects of American English. So, for example,
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฉ์–ธ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
18:08
it is more likely to be found or at least you'll find these words pronounced with the 'ษ”' sound
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋™๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์—์„œ 'ษ”' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:13
on the East Coast, right. You'll hear 'lษ”w' and 'tษ”l' and 'dษ”ter', 'ษ”,' 'ษ”'
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. 'lษ”w', 'tษ”l', 'dษ”ter', 'ษ”', 'ษ”'๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜
18:21
but on the West Coast, people actually merge this sound with the 'a' as in 'father'
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์„œ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 'a'์™€ ํ•ฉ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
a back open vowel sound, right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
18:30
I'll talk about this in a sec but in the meantime let's talk about the merge.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:35
So in some dialects, this 'ษ”' sound will be pronounced as 'a'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐฉ์–ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด 'ษ”' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ '์•„'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
So instead of 'dษ”tษ™r' you'll hear 'datษ™r', instead of 'lษ”' you'll hear 'la', 'fษ”l' -'fal', right
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'dษ”tษ™r' ๋Œ€์‹  'datษ™r'๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , 'lษ”' ๋Œ€์‹  'la', 'fษ”l' -'fal'์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:50
So you're you're like, basically, the difference between those two is that if it's lower on the chart
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๊ทธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ฐจํŠธ์—์„œ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉด
18:55
that means that the mouth is more open and the lips are less rounded.
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์ž…์ด ๋” ์—ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž…์ˆ ์ด ๋œ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:59
a, a
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a,
19:02
right
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ
19:03
'father', 'law'
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'์•„๋ฒ„์ง€', '๋ฒ•'
19:05
Now this is not a rounded sound, I cheated when I created this chart
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ฅ๊ทผ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ผ๊ณ 
19:11
and technically it's supposed to be here.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
Because on the right side the vowels are more rounded.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ๋” ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
So for those of you who are going to pick on what I've done here
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์‹ค ๋ถ„๋“ค์€
19:22
know that I did it because it looks better.
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๋” ์ข‹์•„ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:24
But I always explain it, so the 'a' as in 'father' sound is supposed to be here because it's not rounded.
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ '์•„๋น ' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ '์•„' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
The pair of the 'a' father that is rounded is this ษ‘ sound that exists only in British English,
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๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” 'a'์˜ ์Œ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์˜๊ตญ์˜์–ด์—๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ษ‘์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ณ 
19:36
not in American English
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19:38
and that is the 'honest' vowel,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ 'honest' ๋ชจ์Œ,
19:41
'honest', 'coffee' and all of these vowels, all of these words are pronounced with
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'honest', 'coffee' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจ์Œ, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€
19:46
this 'ษ‘' sound in British English but with 'a' as in father
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์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” 'ษ‘' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ 'a'๋Š” father์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
19:51
this is why I'm going to erase this, 'a' as in father.
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'a'๋Š” father์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง€์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:55
so here we have 'coffee' and 'honest', right.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— '์ปคํ”ผ'์™€ '์ •์ง'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:02
So all of those words that are spelled with O are actually pronounced with 'a':
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ O๋กœ ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 'a'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
20:07
father, coffee, honest.
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€, ์ปคํ”ผ, ์ •์ง.
20:09
On the West Coast you'll also hear 'fall', 'tall', 'law'
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์„œ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” 'fall', 'tall', 'law'๋„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:13
On the East Coast, you're more likely to hear 'fษ”l', 'tษ”l', 'lษ”'.
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๋™๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” 'fษ”l', 'tษ”l', 'lษ”'์„ ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
So the lips are a bit more rounded and the jaw is more closed
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž…์ˆ ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๊ณ  ํ„ฑ์€ ๋” ๋‹ซํ˜€
20:22
and also the tongue is a little higher for this one.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜€๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:25
Now this, the 'ษ”ษช' sound and as you can see there is another diphthong
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์ด์ œ ์ด 'ษ”ษช' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
20:30
hiding underneath all my writings here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธ€ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:33
This is the 'ษ”ษช' as in 'toy' that exists in all dialects, right.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฉ์–ธ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” '์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ'์˜ 'ษ”ษช' ์ด์ง€์š”.
20:38
The 'ษ”ษช' as in 'toy'. So let's take the black marker here and then write down
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'์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ'์˜ 'ษ”ษช'. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰ ๋งˆ์นด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
20:45
'toy', 'boy' and 'coin'
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'์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ', '์†Œ๋…„', '๋™์ „'์„ ์ ๊ณ 
20:49
and here we move from the 'ษ”' sound, so you need to drop your jaw a little bit
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'ษ”' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
20:54
to the 'ษช' as in 'sit'. tษ”ษช, bษ”ษช, cษ”ษชn, right, okay.
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์•„๋ž˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ 'ษช' ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ„ฑ์„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์•‰๋‹ค'. tษ”ษช, bษ”ษช, cษ”ษชn, ๋งž์•„์š”.
21:03
So I think that's it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
So let's look at all the back vowels here. We have the tense สŠ as in 'food', the relaxed สŠ as in 'foot'
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ›„์Œ ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ œ สŠ๋Š” '์Œ์‹', ์ด์™„ํ˜•์€ '๋ฐœ',
21:13
'oสŠ' as in 'go', 'ษ”ษช' as in 'toy', 'ษ”' as in 'daughter' but you can also pronounce it as 'dษ‘ter' and the 'a' as in and 'father',
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'oสŠ'๋Š” 'go', 'ษ”ษช'๋Š” '์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ', 'ษ”'๋Š” '๋”ธ'์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'dษ‘ter', 'a'๋Š” 'father',
21:22
'coffee', 'honest' and 'office'.
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'coffee', 'honest', 'office'๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:26
Now let's go through all the sounds one more time
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
21:31
and I'm going to leave some time for you to repeat the words that I'm saying okay.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
Starting from the front part of the chart let's begin.
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์ฐจํŠธ์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:37
i as in 'seat', ษช as in 'sit',
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i๋Š” 'seat', ษช๋Š” 'sit',
21:42
ษ› as in 'red', รฆ as in 'cat',
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ษ›๋Š” 'red', รฆ๋Š” 'cat',
21:48
eษช as in 'day' , aสŠ as in 'now'
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eษช๋Š” 'day', aสŠ๋Š” 'now',
21:54
aษช as in 'my',
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aษช๋Š” 'my',
21:57
ษ™ and that is the schwa as in 'around', 'o'clock', hษ‘lษ™-deษช.
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ษ™ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ฃผ๋ณ€', '์‹œ', hษ‘lษ™-deษช์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์Šˆ์™€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:04
and then we have the 'kสŒp' as in' cup', 'love', 'fun', 'country'
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'cup', 'love', 'fun', 'country'์˜ '
22:10
'ษœr' as in 'stir' and 'girl'
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kสŒp', 'stir' ๋ฐ 'girl'์˜ '
22:13
then we move on to the tense u as in 'food', 'room', 'you'
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ษœr'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  'food'์˜ ์‹œ์ œ u๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , 'room', 'you'
22:20
สŠ - 'cook', 'look', 'book'
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สŠ - 'cook', 'look', 'book'
22:25
oสŠ, my jaw drops, oสŠ, ษ”
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oสŠ, ํ„ฑ์ด ๋š๋š ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ, oสŠ, ษ”
22:30
ษ”ษช, 'boy', 'toy'
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ษ”ษช, '์†Œ๋…„', '์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ'
22:33
and then the 'a', my jaw is really open, the lips are not really rounded.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'a', ๋‚ด ํ„ฑ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ž…์ˆ ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:39
'a', 'office', 'coffee' and 'honest'.
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'a', 'office', 'coffee', 'honest'.
22:48
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
22:51
I hope this simplifies a little bit, maybe it confuses you right now but if you watch it again
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด๋ฉด
22:55
you'll see that it does make sense and understanding what are the vowels in American English
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ด
23:01
and understanding what vowels you don't have in your native tongue will help you
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์— ์—†๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜€๋Š”
23:05
focus on the things that will improve your pronunciation, that will improve your clarity
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ฃŒ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:11
because if you are mispronouncing or if you don't have this distinction between the tense i and relaxed ษช
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23:18
different words are going to sound the same, 'sheep' and 'ship' are going to sound like
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sheep'๊ณผ 'ship'์€
23:22
'sheep' and 'sheep' or 'sale' and 'sell' right
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'sheep' and 'sheep' ๋˜๋Š” 'sale' and 'sell' right
23:26
or 'bed' and 'bad'
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๋˜๋Š” 'bed' and 'bad'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:28
If you don't have these two vowels in you're in native tongue
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๊ทธ๊ฑด
23:31
and you can, by the way, go to Wikipedia and look for the vowel chart of the sounds in your native tongue right
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , Wikipedia๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์€
23:37
and then see how it is different from the vowel chart of American English right
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ ์ฐจํŠธ์™€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:41
What vowels don't exist in your native tongue.
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ํ˜€.
23:44
So and then you don't want to confuse the ษ› and the a or the u and the สŠ, right tense u, then relaxed สŠ
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ษ›์™€ a ๋˜๋Š” u์™€ สŠ, ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ์‹œ์ œ u, ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ สŠ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ์„ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:52
so on and so forth.
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.
23:54
So this is just understanding the vowels. In order to really own them and to use them
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋”
23:59
you need to do some more work. So you need to tackle the sounds that are challenging for you
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๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ณ 
24:05
to practice it, to teach your mouth to pronounce those sounds clearly and accurately every single time
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, ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งค๋ฒˆ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ž…์œผ๋กœ
24:11
and then to drill it in words, phrases and sentences in order for you to develop the muscle memory
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทผ์œก ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์–ด, ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:17
So you won't have to think about it every time you speak.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:21
Now if you wanna learn more with me come check out my website theaccentsway.com
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์ด์ œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ theaccentsway.com
24:26
or my YouTube Channel Accent'sWay English with Hadar.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ œ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„ Accent'sWay English with Hadar๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
24:30
and there you'll find hundreds of different videos
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
24:33
about how to pronounce the sounds of American English, about American intonation
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์–ต์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค
24:37
and also motivational videos that will inspire you and get you to do the work.
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์™€ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:43
Have a beautiful rest of the day and I will see you next time in the next video.
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๋‚จ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋„ ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด์‹œ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:48
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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