Basic English Grammar Course | Past Perfect Continuous Tense | Learn and Practice

Hi, everybody.

大家好。

I'm Esther.

我是埃丝特。

In this video, I will introduce the past perfect continuous tense.

在这个视频中，我将介绍过去完成进行时。

It's a great tense that helps you express an ongoing action

这是一种大时态，可以帮助您表达 过去

in the past continuing up to another point in the past.

正在进行的动作 一直持续到过去的另一个点。

There's a lot to learn, so keep watching.

有很多东西需要学习，所以请继续关注。

One usage of the past perfect continuous tense is to talk about an ongoing action in the

过去完成进行时的一种用法

是谈论过去

past that continued up to another point in the

持续到过去另一点的持续动作。

past.

You can use ‘for’ and a duration to talk about

您可以使用“for”和持续时间来表示

how long that action was in progress.

该操作进行了多长时间。

Here are some examples.

这里有些例子。

‘I had been waiting for the bus for two hours before it arrived.’

“我等了公共汽车

两个小时才到达。”

You'll notice that at the beginning.

一开始你就会注意到这一点。

主语是什么并不重要，

It doesn't matter what the subject is, we follow with ‘had been’.

我们后面跟着“had be”。

例如，“我曾经是”、

For example, ‘I had been’, ‘Chuck had been’,

“查克曾经是”

和“汤姆和金曾经是”。

And ‘Tom and Kim had been.’

然后我们跟动词“-ing”。

And then we follow with the verb ‘-ing’.

‘waiting’.

'等待'。

‘I had been waiting.’

“我一直在等。”

Now this is the ongoing action that happened first.

现在这是首先发生的持续行动。

Again, four and two hours shows the duration.

同样，四个小时和两个小时显示了持续时间。

The second part says, ‘it arrived’.

第二部分说，“它到达了”。

This verb is in the past simple tense.

这个动词是过去简单时态。

因此，这是第二个动作。

Therefore, that is the second action.

It's the action that this first action happened until this action happened,

这是第一个动作发生的动作，

直到这个动作发生，

so again, ‘I had been waiting for the bus,’ happened

所以再一次，

“我一直在等公共汽车”首先发生。

first.

And then, it happened until the bus arrived.

然后，事情就发生了，直到公共汽车到达。

‘Chuck had been cooking,’ Again, that part's easy.

“查克一直在做饭，”

同样，这部分很简单。

No matter what’s the subject, we say ‘had been’ and then verb ‘-ing’.

无论主语是什么，

我们都会说“had be”，然后说动词“-ing”。

Again, I can show how long Chuck had been cooking by saying ‘for an hour’, showing

再次，我可以

通过说“一个小时”来显示查克做饭的

the duration.

时间 ， 显示持续时间。

And then, I finished by saying, ‘before he finished’.

然后，我最后说，“在他说完之前”。

He had been cooking up to this point in the past.

他以前一直在做饭。

Finally, ‘Tom and Kim had been walking,’ This part should be familiar to you by now,

最后，“Tom 和 Kim 一直在散步”，

这部分现在您应该已经熟悉了，

‘for an hour’ Again, that shows duration.

“一个小时”。

再次，这显示了持续时间。

‘before they rested.’

“在他们休息之前。”

So they had been walking for an hour before they took a break.

所以他们走了一个小时

才休息。

Before they rested.

在他们休息之前。

Let's move on.

让我们继续。

过去完成进行时也用于表达

The past perfect continuous tense is also used to express cause and effect in the

过去的因果关系。

past.

The verb that's in the past perfect continuous tense shows the cause,

过去完成进行时的动词

表示事情发生的原因。

why something happened.

We can use ‘because’ or ‘so’ to show the cause and effect.

我们可以用“because”或“so”

来表示因果关系。

Here, I'll explain.

这里我就解释一下。

‘Jason was tired because he had been jogging.’

“杰森很累，因为他一直在慢跑。”

The first part of the sentence is in the past tense.

句子的第一部分是过去时态。

‘Jason was tired,’ However, we see ‘why?’

“杰森很累，”

但是，我们明白“为什么？”

Well, because, ‘he had been jogging’.

嗯，因为，“他一直在慢跑”。

这句话的第二部分是

The second part of this sentence is in the past perfect continuous tense.

过去完成进行时。

‘he had been’, remember no matter what the subject,

“he had was”，

记住无论主语是什么，

we follow with ‘had been’ and jogging – ‘verb -ing’.

我们后面都会跟“had be”和慢跑——“动词-ing”。

‘he had been jogging’ This shows why Jason was tired.

“他一直在慢跑”

这说明了杰森为何感到疲倦。

The next sentence says, ‘The pavement’ or it ‘was wet because

下一句话是

“人行道”或

“因为下过雨所以很湿”。

it had been raining.’

Similar to the first sentence, ‘it had been raining’ shows the cause.

与第一句话类似，

“it had been raining”表明了原因。

Why was the pavement wet?

人行道怎么湿了？

‘The pavement was wet because it had been raining.’

“因为刚下过雨，人行道很湿。”

在这句话中，我们看到了一点不同。

In this sentence, we see a little difference.

‘The children had been playing’ Again, this is the past perfect continuous

“孩子们一直在玩耍”

同样，这是过去完成进行时。

tense.

‘had been playing’ The second part says, ‘the room was a mess’.

“一直在玩”

第二部分说，“房间很乱”。

So here, instead of ‘because’ like the first two sentences,

所以在这里，

我没有像前两句那样使用“因为”，而是使用“所以”。

I used ‘so’.

So the order has been changed but the meaning is the same.

所以顺序变了，但意思是一样的。

This, ‘the children had been playing’ is why the room was a mess.

“孩子们一直在玩耍”这

就是房间乱七八糟的原因。

This is the cause and this is the effect.

这是因，这也是果。

让我们继续。

Let's move on.

Now let's go into the negative form of the past perfect continuous tense.

现在我们来看看 过去完成进行时

的否定形式 。

Here are some examples.

这里有些例子。

‘I had not been working for a day before I quit.’

“我辞职之前已经一天没工作了。”

So no matter what the subject ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘she’, or ‘it’,

所以无论主语“我”、“你”、“她”或“它”，

just like in the affirmative, we say ‘had’, but after the ‘had’, in the negative form,

就像在肯定句中一样，我们说“had”，

但 在否定形式的

“had”后面， 我们添加“ 不是'。

we add ‘not’. ‘had not’

“had not”

‘had not’ or you can use the contraction ‘hadn't’.

“had not”

或者您可以使用缩写“hadn't”。

Which is a combination of ‘had’ and ‘not’ together.

这是“有”和“没有”的组合。

‘I had not been working’ The rest of the sentence is the same.

“我没有工作”

句子的其余部分是相同的。

‘been + verb -ing’ ‘I had not been working for a day before

'been + verb -ing'

'我辞职前已经一天没有工作了。'

I quit.’

The next sentence says, ‘You had not been cutting onions for long

下一句话是：

“你切洋葱没多久就哭了。”

before you cried.’

Again, the ‘not’ goes between ‘had’ and ‘been’.

同样，“不”位于“曾经”和“曾经”之间。

‘She hadn't been studying for long when she fell asleep.’

“她睡着时还没学习多久。”

Here, we have the contraction.

在这里，我们有收缩。

最后，

And finally, ‘It hadn't been snowing for long when it

“雪停的时候，雪还没下多久。”

stopped.’

Again, we have the contraction for ‘had not’ here.

同样，这里有“had not”的缩写。

You'll notice that in the first two sentences, I used ‘before’.

您会注意到，在前两句话中，

我使用了“之前”。

And in the last two, I used ‘when’.

在最后两个中，我使用了“何时”。

Either one can be used to show when the first action stopped.

任何一个都可以用来显示第一个动作何时停止。

Let's move on.

让我们继续。

现在我们来看看如何用

Now let's go into how to form basic questions in the past perfect continuous tense.

过去完成进行时来构成基本问题。

Here is the first example.

这是第一个例子。

‘He had been driving all day before he arrived.’

“他到达之前已经开了一整天的车。”

Now, to turn this into a question, all we have to do is change the order of the first

现在，要把它变成一个问题，

我们所要做的就是改变前两个单词的顺序。

two words.

Instead of ‘He had’, now I can say, ‘Had he’, in order to form a question.

现在我可以说“他有”，而不是“他有”，

以形成一个问题。

‘Had he been driving all day before he arrived?’

“他到达之前已经开了一整天车了吗？”

The next sentence says, ‘The dog had been barking because it was

下一句话是：

“狗一直在吠叫，因为它很害怕。”

scared.’

In this case, the subject is ‘The dog’.

在本例中，主语是“狗”。

And then we follow with ‘had’.

然后我们跟上“had”。

为了把它变成一个问题，我们再次改变顺序。

To turn this into a question, again, we switch the order.

‘Had the dog been barking because it was scared?’

“那只狗是因为害怕才叫吗？”

您会注意到，在问题中，

You'll notice that in the question, the rest of the words stay in the same place.

其余单词保留在同一位置。

现在，在第一个问题中，

Now, in the first question, we're asking how long an action happened,

我们询问某个动作发生了多长时间，

or how long it was ongoing in the past.

或者该动作在过去持续了多长时间。

And in this question, we ask about cause and effect.

在这个问题中，

我们询问因果关系。

Let's move on.

让我们继续。

Now, I'll introduce how to form WH questions in the past perfect continuous tense.

现在，我将介绍如何用

过去完成进行时构成WH问题。

Take a look at these examples.

看看这些例子。

You'll notice that they all start with a WH word.

您会注意到它们都以 WH 单词开头。

Why, where, what, and who.

为什么、在哪里、什么以及谁。

You might also have noticed that after we have ‘had’.

您可能也注意到了，在我们“有”之后。

‘Why had’ ‘Where had’

“为什么有”

“在哪里有”“什么有”和“谁有”

‘What had’ and ‘Who had’

在第一个问题中，

In the first question, after that comes the subject.

接下来是主题。

‘Why had you’ And then ‘been + verb -ing’

“Why had you”

，然后是“been + verb -ing”，

这与我们 在所有这些句子中

And that's the same pattern we follow for all of these sentences.

遵循的模式相同 。

So ‘Why had you been studying so much?’

那么“你为什么要学习这么多？”

I can answer by saying, ‘I had been studying so much because I have

我可以这样回答：

“我一直在学习，因为我要参加考试。”

a test.’

‘Where had you been traveling before you came here?’

“你来这里之前到过哪里？”

I can say, ‘I had been traveling through Asia.’

我可以说，“我一直在亚洲旅行。”

‘What had they been playing before they played soccer?’

“他们踢足球之前都踢什么？”

我可以回答，“他们一直在打棒球。”

I can answer, ‘They had been playing baseball.’

And finally, ‘Who had she been talking to before she

最后，

“在她离开家之前，她一直在和谁说话？”

left home?’

I can answer, ‘She had been talking to her boyfriend.’

我可以回答：“她一直在和她男朋友说话。”

Let's move on.

让我们继续。

让我们开始检查一下过去完成进行时。

Let's start a checkup for the past perfect continuous tense.

Take a look at the first sentence.

看看第一句话。

It says, ‘They __ for a long time before they went home.’

上面写着，“他们回家之前__了很长时间。”

Try to fill in the blank with the verb ‘work’ in this tense.

尝试用这种时态的动词“work”填空。

Remember, no matter what the subject, we follow the subject with ‘had been’.

请记住，无论主语是什么，

我们都在主语后面加上“曾经是”。

So we say, ‘They had been’.

所以我们说，“他们曾经是”。

What happens to the verb?

动词会发生什么情况？

Remember, we add ‘-ing’.

请记住，我们添加“-ing”。

So the sentence is, ‘They had been working for a long time before they went home.’

所以这句话是，

“ 他们回家之前

已经工作了很长时间

Now, take a look at the second sentence.

。” 现在，看一下第二句话。

I want you to use the negative.

我希望你使用否定。

‘I __ TV for a year before I started again.’

“在我重新开始之前，我看电视一年了。”

Remember, the negative form for this tense starts with the subject

请记住，这种时态的否定形式

以主语开头，然后是“had not be”。

and then ‘had not been’.

Or I can use the contraction ‘hadn't’.

或者我可以使用缩写“hadn't”。

‘I hadn't been’ And then again, verb ‘-ing’.

“我没有”，

然后又是动词“-ing”。 “

‘I hadn't been watching TV for a year before I started again.’

在我重新开始看电视之前，

我已经一年没看电视了

Now, try to find the mistake in this next sentence.

。” 现在，尝试找出下一句话中的错误。

‘Gina and I hadn't been do any work before we started.’

“吉娜和我在开始之前没有做任何工作。”

What's the error?

有什么错误？

You'll notice that the verb does not have an ‘-ing’.

您会注意到该动词没有“-ing”。

To make the sentence correct, we must say, ‘Gina and I hadn't been doing

为了使这句话正确，

我们必须说，

“吉娜和我在开始之前没有做任何工作。”

any work before we started.’

Now, find the mistake here.

现在，找出这里的错误。

‘He had be watching YouTube because he had some free time.’

“他一直在看 YouTube，

因为他有一些空闲时间。”

‘He had’, that's correct, but we need to change ‘be’ to been’.

“他曾经”，这是正确的，

但我们需要将“是”改为“是”。

And ‘watching’ is correct.

“观看”是正确的。所以，

So, ‘He had been watching YouTube because he had some free time.’

“他一直在观看 YouTube，

因为他有一些空闲时间。”

Let's move on.

让我们继续。

Now, let's move on to another checkup of the past perfect continuous tense.

现在，让我们继续检查

过去完成进行时。

Take a look at the first example.

看一下第一个例子。

It says, ‘The company __ employees because they worked hard.’

上面写着：“公司 __ 员工

因为他们工作努力。”

Use the verb ‘promote’ in the past perfect continuous tense.

使用过去完成进行时态的动词“promote”。

Remember, no matter what the subject, we follow with ‘had been’.

请记住，无论主语是什么，

我们都跟在“曾经是”之后。

所以我们说，“The company had was”，然后是动词“-ing”，

So we say, ‘The company had been’ and then verb ‘-ing’, so ‘promoting’.

即“促销”。

‘The company had been promoting employees because they worked hard.’

“公司一直在提拔员工，

因为他们工作努力。”

The next example says, ‘I __ your emails for a while because they went to the spam

下一个示例表示，

“我暂时将您的电子邮件暂时删除，

因为它们进入了垃圾邮件文件夹。”

folder.’

Here, try to use the negative form with the verb ‘get’.

在这里，尝试使用

动词“get”的 否定形式

Remember, in the negative form, we say ‘had not been getting’

。 请记住，在否定形式中，

我们说“had not be getting”

或缩写“hadn not were getting”。

Or the contraction ‘hadn't been getting’.

‘I hadn't been getting your emails for a while because they went to the spam folder.’

“我已经有一段时间没有收到你的电子邮件了，

因为它们进入了垃圾邮件文件夹。”

Now look for the mistake in the next sentence.

现在找出下一句话中的错误。

‘I had been work a lot because I needed the money.’

“我一直在工作，因为我需要钱。”

What's the mistake?

有什么错误吗？

Remember, we need to add ‘-ing’ to the verb.

请记住，我们需要在动词后添加“-ing”。

‘I had been working a lot because I needed the money.’

“我一直在工作，因为我需要钱。”

The last sentence says, ‘He has been smoking because he was stressed.’

最后一句话是：

“他因为压力太大而一直抽烟。”

Can you find the mistake?

你能找出其中的错误吗？

Remember, we're practicing the past perfect continuous.

请记住，我们正在练习过去完成进行时。

In this case, we need ‘had’ after the subject, not ‘has’.

在这种情况下，我们在主语后面需要“had”，而不是“has”。

Great job, everyone.

干得好，大家。让我们继续。

Let's move on.

学习另一种困难的英语语法时态，干得好。

Good job learning another difficult English grammar tense.

The past perfect continuous can be tricky, but with time and practice, you will get better.

过去完成进行时可能会很棘手，

但随着时间和练习，

你会变得更好。

English is not always easy, but always do your best and never give up.

英语并不总是那么容易，

但永远要尽力而为，永不放弃。

I'll see you in the next video.

我们将在下一个视频中见到您。