Modal Verbs and Semi Modal Verbs | Learn English Grammar Course

Hello, I’m Alex with Shaw English.

大家好，我是 Shaw English 的 Alex。

In this video, I’m going to teach you the basics about modal and semi-modal verbs.

在本视频中，我将教您有关情态动词和半情态动词的基础知识。

A lot of my students ask me about how and when to use modal verbs.

我的很多学生问我如何以及何时使用情态动词。

I’m going to teach you the basic English grammar and the situations when you will need

我将教您基本的英语语法以及需要 使用情态动词的

to use a modal verb.

情况 。

There's a lot of information in this video.

这个视频里有很多信息。

Be sure to watch until the end because there's a quiz and homework.

一定要看到最后，因为有测验和作业。

Let's get started.

让我们开始吧。

So what is a modal verb?

那么什么是情态动词呢？

Modal verbs are helping verbs or auxiliary verbs.

情态动词是帮助动词或助动词。

They give more information and more specific meaning to the main verb in a sentence.

它们为句子中的主要动词提供更多信息和更具体的含义。

Modal verbs can express ability, suggestion, permission, certainty, possibility.

情态动词可以表达能力、建议、许可、确定性、可能性。

I will briefly talk about all of these usages in this video.

我将在本视频中简要讨论所有这些用法。

Let's move on.

让我们继续。

Let's have a look at the grammar rules of modal verbs.

我们来看看情态动词的语法规则。

I can swim very well.

我游泳游得很好。

‘can’ is our modal verb.

“can”是我们的情态动词。

Modal verbs always come first before the main verb in a verb phrase.

在动词短语中，情态动词始终位于主要动词之前。

Here's our main verb.

这是我们的主要动词。

Here is our modal verb – ‘can’ comes first.

这是我们的情态动词——“can”排在第一位。

I can swim very well.

我游泳游得很好。

Let's look at the next sentence.

我们看下一句话。

You should be more careful.

你应该更加小心。

Modal verbs are followed by a bare infinitive.

情态动词后面跟着一个简单的不定式。

This is our bare infinitive.

这是我们纯粹的不定式。

There is no ‘to’ after ‘should’.

“应该”之后没有“应该”。

‘You should to be more careful’ is wrong.

“你应该更加小心”是错误的。

‘You should be more careful’ is correct.

“你应该更加小心”是正确的。

Let's have a look at the next sentence.

我们看下一句话。

You have to eat quickly.

你必须吃得快点。

Semi-modal verbs are followed by ‘to’ in a sentence.

半情态动词在句子中后跟“to”。

You have to eat quickly.

你必须吃得快点。

Hang on.

不挂断。

I just taught you not to use ‘to’.

我只是教你不要使用“to”。

When you have ‘should’, don't use ‘to’. ‘should’ is a modal verb.

当你有“应该”时，不要使用“到”。 “应该”是情态动词。

‘have to’ is a semi-modal verb.

“必须”是一个半情态动词。

How do you know this?

你怎么会知道这事？

Please just memorize it.

请记住它。

‘You have to eat quickly’ is correct.

“你必须快点吃饭”是正确的。

Moving on.

继续。

Layla works hard.

莱拉工作很努力。

Here we have an ‘s’ ending.

这里我们有一个''结尾。

This is correct.

这是对的。

Layla must work hard.

莱拉必须努力工作。

There is no ‘s’ here.

这里没有's'。

And there is no ‘s’ on the modal.

并且模态上没有's'。

When we have modal verbs, we never put ‘s,’ ‘ed,’ or ‘ing’ endings.

当我们使用情态动词时，我们绝不会以“s”、“ed”或“ing”结尾。

‘Layla must work hard’ is correct.

“莱拉必须努力工作”是正确的。

Lastly, let's look at negatives.

最后，让我们看看负面因素。

I eat.

我吃。

I don't eat.

我不吃东西。

‘don't’ is our negative.

“不”是我们的否定。

I should eat.

我应该吃饭。

I should not eat.

我不应该吃。

‘not’ is our negative.

“不”是我们的否定。

When we have a modal verb, we do not use ‘doesn't’ or ‘don't’ here.

当我们有情态动词时，我们不在这里使用“doesn't”或“don't”。

We only use ‘not’.

我们只用“不”。

‘I should not eat’ is correct.

“我不应该吃”是正确的。

Now that we know more about the grammar of modal verbs,

现在我们对情态动词的语法有了更多的了解，

let's move on and look at some more examples.

让我们继续看一些更多的例子。

Let's take a look at some more modal verbs.

让我们看一些更多的情态动词。

These ones express ability.

这些表达了能力。

‘can’ and ‘able to’ I can dance.

“可以”和“能够”我可以跳舞。

‘can’ is our modal verb.

“can”是我们的情态动词。

It shows we have an ability.

这说明我们有能力。

I can dance.

我会跳舞。

I can't sing.

我不会唱歌。

‘can't’ inability.

‘不能’无能。

I can't sing.

我不会唱歌。

‘can't’ is a contraction of ‘cannot’.

“can't”是“cannot”的缩写。

I’m able to swim.

我会游泳。

‘able to’ ‘able to’ is a semi-modal verb.

“能够”“能够”是一个半情态动词。

We know that because ‘to’ is here.

我们知道这一点是因为这里有“to”。

I’m able to swim.

我会游泳。

I’m not able to cook.

我不会做饭。

‘able to’ uses ‘not’ in negative form.

“能够”以否定形式使用“不”。

‘I’m not able to cook’ shows inability.

“我不会做饭”表明没有能力。

Let's move on some more examples.

让我们继续看更多例子。

Let's take a look at some modals that express advice and suggestions.

让我们看一下一些表达意见和建议的模态。

‘should’ ‘shouldn't’

“应该”“不应该”

‘ought to’ ‘ought not to’

“应该”“不应该”

You should stop smoking.

你应该戒烟。

‘should’ is a modal that gives us advice or suggestion.

“应该”是一个给我们建议或建议的情态动词。

‘You should stop smoking.’

“你应该戒烟。”

Good advice.

好建议。

You shouldn't drink so much.

你不应该喝那么多。

‘shouldn't’ is a contraction of ‘should not’.

“shouldn't”是“should not”的缩写。

You shouldn't drink so much.

你不应该喝那么多。

Good advice.

好建议。

You ought to prepare for the test.

你应该准备考试。

‘ought to’ is a semi-modal.

“应该”是半情态动词。

Here's that ‘to’.

这就是“到”。

You ought to prepare for the test.

你应该准备考试。

A suggestion and some good advice.

一个建议和一些好的建议。

You ought not to be worried.

你不应该担心。

Here's that ‘not’.

这就是“不”。

The negative form.

否定形式。

You ought not to be worried.

你不应该担心。

Good advice.

好建议。

Now, ‘ought not to’ is not that common, but you may hear it once in a while.

现在，“不应该”并不常见，但您可能偶尔会听到。

Let's move on to some more examples.

让我们继续看更多示例。

Let's look at some modal verbs that express permission.

让我们看一些表达许可的情态动词。

‘may’ ‘may not’

再次 “可以”“可以不”

‘can’ ‘can't’

“可以”“不能”

‘could and ‘can’, again.

“可以”和“可以”。

You may leave class early.

你可以提前下课。

‘may’ is our modal verb.

“may”是我们的情态动词。

It expresses permission very politely.

它非常礼貌地表示许可。

Maybe your teacher will not say this.

也许你的老师不会说这个。

You may leave class early.

你可以提前下课。

You may not be allowed to enter.

您可能不被允许进入。

‘may not’ that's our modal verb in negative.

“可能不会”这是我们的否定情态动词。

You do not have permission to enter.

您无权进入。

You can go home now.

你现在可以回家了。

We talked about ‘can’ and it was used for ability.

我们谈论“can”，它被用来表示能力。

‘can’ is also used for permission.

“can”也用于表示许可。

You can go home now.

你现在可以回家了。

You have permission to go home now.

你现在已获准回家。

You can't come home late.

你不能晚回家。

‘can't’ You do not have permission to come home late.

“不能” 您没有获得晚回家的许可。

Here are some questions.

这里有一些问题。

‘could’ ‘could’ is a modal verb.

“可以”“可以”是情态动词。

Could I leave early?

我可以早点离开吗？

We're asking for permission.

我们正在请求许可。

Can I help you?

我可以帮你吗？

Again, asking for permission.

再次请求许可。

Let's have a look at some more examples.

让我们看一些更多的例子。

Let's look at a modal that expresses certainty.

让我们看一下表达确定性的情态动词。

‘must’ and ‘mustn't’.

“必须”和“不可以”。

You must study English.

你必须学习英语。

‘must’ is a very strong modal.

“must”是一个非常强的情态动词。

It expresses certainty.

它表达了确定性。

You have to study English.

你必须学习英语。

You have no other choice.

你别无选择。

You must study English.

你必须学习英语。

You mustn't cheat on the test.

你一定不能在考试中作弊。

‘mustn’t’ is a contraction of ‘must not’.

“mustn't”是“must not”的缩写。

Again, it is very strong.

再次强调，它非常强大。

This is not a suggestion.

这不是建议。

You have no other choice.

你别无选择。

You mustn't cheat on the test.

你一定不能在考试中作弊。

Let's look at our next example.

让我们看看下一个例子。

Let's have a look at some modal verbs that express possibility.

让我们看一些表达可能性的情态动词。

‘could’ ‘couldn't’

“可以”“不能”

‘might’ ‘might not’

“可能”“可能不会”

‘may’ ‘may not’

“可能”“可能不会”

He could be smart.

他可能很聪明。

It's possible.

这是可能的。

Possible means we are not hundred percent sure.

可能意味着我们不能百分百确定。

We don't really know. That's a possibility.

我们真的不知道。这是有可能的。

He could be smart.

他可能很聪明。

Maybe he's smart, maybe he's not.

也许他很聪明，也许他不聪明。

He couldn't be lazy.

他不能偷懒。

He couldn't.

他不能。

‘couldn't’ is a contraction of ‘could not’.

“couldn't”是“could not”的缩写。

Maybe he's lazy, maybe he's not.

也许他很懒，也许他不懒。

It's a possibility.

这是一种可能性。

We don't really know.

我们真的不知道。

She might be late might.

她可能会迟到。

Might. It's possible.

可能。这是可能的。

She's going to be late but again we don't really know.

她会迟到，但我们又不知道。

She might not be healthy.

她可能不太健康。

She could be healthy, she could not be healthy.

她可以健康，也不能健康。

It's a possibility.

这是一种可能性。

We're not very sure.

我们不太确定。

They may be friendly.

他们可能很友好。

Again, it's a possibility.

再说一遍，这是有可能的。

We're not sure.

我们不确定。

They may not be quiet.

他们可能并不安静。

We don't really know.

我们真的不知道。

It's a possibility.

这是一种可能性。

Let's move on to some extra practice.

让我们继续进行一些额外的练习。

Let's do some examples together.

让我们一起做一些例子。

advice - This sentence expresses advice.

建议——这句话表达建议。

You're dirty.

你很脏。

You_____ take a shower.

你去冲凉。

Which modal expresses advice?

哪种模式表达建议？

Correct. ‘should’ You're dirty.

正确的。 ‘应该’你很脏。

You should take a shower.

你应该洗个澡。

inability - This example shows inability.

无能力-这个例子显示了无能力。

Sorry, I _____ help you.

抱歉，我____帮你。

Which modal expresses inability?

哪种情态表示无能力？

Well, we know ‘can’ expresses ability.

嗯，我们知道“can”表示能力。

‘can't’ expresses inability.

‘can’t 表示无能力。

Sorry, I can't help you.

抱歉，我帮不了你。

permission - This example shows permission.

权限 - 此示例显示权限。

____ I give you some advice?

____ 我给你一些建议？

Which modals show us permission?

哪些模式向我们显示许可？

That's right.

这是正确的。

‘could’ or ‘can’ are both modals that show permission.

“could”或“can”都是表示许可的情态动词。

Let's use ‘could’.

让我们使用“可以”。

Could I give you some advice?

我可以给你一些建议吗？

certainty - You _____ be late for your final exam.

确定性 - 你期末考试迟到了。

Which modal expresses certainty?

哪种情态表示确定性？

‘must’ You must be late for your final exam.

'必须' 你期末考试必须迟到。

Wait a second.

等一下。

You must not be late for your final exam.

期末考试你一定不能迟到。

That's correct.

这是正确的。

possibility - She ___ be rich.

可能性 - 她___会富有。

Which modals express possibility?

哪些情态动词表达了可能性？

‘could’ or ‘might’ are both good choices.

“可以”或“可能”都是不错的选择。

Let's use ‘might’.

让我们用“可能”。

She might be rich.

她可能很有钱。

Great job, everyone.

干得好，大家。

Let's move on.

让我们继续。

This was just a brief look at modal verbs.

这只是对情态动词的简要介绍。

I have a lot more information that I hope to give you in future videos.

我希望在以后的视频中为您提供更多信息。

For now, let's look at the homework.

现在，让我们看一下作业。

I want you to practice using ‘ought to’.

我希望你练习使用“应该”。

Please give me some life advice using ought to in the comments below.

请在下面的评论中给我一些使用“应该”的生活建议。

Also, don't forget the quiz.

另外，不要忘记测验。

You can find the link for the quiz in the video description below.

您可以在下面的视频说明中找到测验的链接。

Good luck and see you in the next video.

祝你好运，我们下一个视频见。