Modal Verbs and Semi Modal Verbs | Learn English Grammar Course

158,604 views ・ 2022-04-14

Shaw English Online


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:00
Hello, I’m Alex with Shaw English.
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Hello, ako si Alex kasama si Shaw English.
00:03
In this video, I’m going to teach you the basics about modal and semi-modal verbs.
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Sa video na ito, ituturo ko sa iyo ang mga pangunahing kaalaman tungkol sa modal at semi-modal na mga pandiwa.
00:10
A lot of my students ask me about how and when to use modal verbs.
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Marami sa aking mga mag-aaral ang nagtatanong sa akin tungkol sa kung paano at kailan gagamitin ang mga modal verbs.
00:17
I’m going to teach you the basic English grammar and the situations when you will need
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Ituturo ko sa iyo ang pangunahing gramatika ng Ingles at ang mga sitwasyon kung kailan mo kakailanganing
00:25
to use a modal verb.
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gumamit ng modal verb.
00:27
There's a lot of information in this video.
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Mayroong maraming impormasyon sa video na ito.
00:31
Be sure to watch until the end because there's a quiz and homework.
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Siguraduhing manood hanggang matapos dahil may pagsusulit at takdang-aralin.
00:38
Let's get started.
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Magsimula na tayo.
00:42
So what is a modal verb?
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Kaya ano ang isang modal verb?
00:45
Modal verbs are helping verbs or auxiliary verbs.
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Ang mga modal na pandiwa ay tumutulong sa mga pandiwa o pantulong na pandiwa.
00:49
They give more information and more specific meaning to the main verb in a sentence.
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Nagbibigay sila ng higit pang impormasyon at mas tiyak na kahulugan sa pangunahing pandiwa sa isang pangungusap.
00:58
Modal verbs can express ability, suggestion, permission, certainty, possibility.
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Ang mga pandiwang modal ay maaaring magpahayag ng kakayahan, mungkahi, pahintulot, katiyakan, posibilidad.
01:09
I will briefly talk about all of these usages in this video.
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Sa madaling sabi ay pag-uusapan ko ang lahat ng mga paggamit na ito sa video na ito.
01:14
Let's move on.
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Mag-move on na tayo.
01:15
Let's have a look at the grammar rules of modal verbs.
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Tingnan natin ang mga tuntunin sa gramatika ng mga modal verbs.
01:21
I can swim very well.
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Marunong akong lumangoy.
01:24
‘can’ is our modal verb.
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'maaari' ay ang aming modal verb.
01:26
Modal verbs always come first before the main verb in a verb phrase.
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Palaging nauuna ang mga modal na pandiwa bago ang pangunahing pandiwa sa isang pariralang pandiwa.
01:35
Here's our main verb.
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Narito ang aming pangunahing pandiwa.
01:37
Here is our modal verb – ‘can’ comes first.
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Narito ang aming modal verb – 'maaari' ang mauna.
01:41
I can swim very well.
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Marunong akong lumangoy.
01:45
Let's look at the next sentence.
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Tingnan natin ang susunod na pangungusap.
01:48
You should be more careful.
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Dapat kang maging mas maingat.
01:53
Modal verbs are followed by a bare infinitive.
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Ang mga modal na pandiwa ay sinusundan ng isang hubad na infinitive.
01:59
This is our bare infinitive.
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Ito ang aming hubad na infinitive.
02:01
There is no ‘to’ after ‘should’.
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Walang 'to' pagkatapos ng 'dapat'.
02:06
‘You should to be more careful’ is wrong.
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'Dapat kang maging mas maingat' ay mali.
02:11
‘You should be more careful’ is correct.
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'Dapat kang maging mas maingat' ay tama.
02:17
Let's have a look at the next sentence.
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Tingnan natin ang susunod na pangungusap.
02:20
You have to eat quickly.
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Kailangan mong kumain ng mabilis.
02:24
Semi-modal verbs are followed by ‘to’ in a sentence.
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Ang mga semi-modal na pandiwa ay sinusundan ng 'to' sa isang pangungusap.
02:31
You have to eat quickly.
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Kailangan mong kumain ng mabilis.
02:35
Hang on.
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Maghintay ka.
02:36
I just taught you not to use ‘to’.
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Tinuruan lang kita na huwag gumamit ng 'to'.
02:40
When you have ‘should’, don't use ‘to’. ‘should’ is a modal verb.
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Kapag mayroon kang 'dapat', huwag gumamit ng 'to'. Ang 'dapat' ay isang modal verb.
02:45
‘have to’ is a semi-modal verb.
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Ang 'kailangan' ay isang semi-modal na pandiwa.
02:47
How do you know this?
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Paano mo nalaman ito?
02:48
Please just memorize it.
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Paki memorize na lang.
02:51
‘You have to eat quickly’ is correct.
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'Kailangan mong kumain ng mabilis' ay tama.
02:57
Moving on.
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Moving on.
02:58
Layla works hard.
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Si Layla ay nagsisikap.
03:02
Here we have an ‘s’ ending.
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Narito kami ay may isang 's' pagtatapos.
03:05
This is correct.
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Ito ay tama.
03:06
Layla must work hard.
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Dapat magsipag si Layla.
03:10
There is no ‘s’ here.
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Walang 's' dito.
03:14
And there is no ‘s’ on the modal.
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At walang 's' sa modal.
03:18
When we have modal verbs, we never put ‘s,’ ‘ed,’ or ‘ing’ endings.
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Kapag mayroon tayong mga modal verbs, hindi tayo naglalagay ng 's,' 'ed,' o 'ing' endings.
03:28
‘Layla must work hard’ is correct.
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Tama ang 'Layla must work hard'.
03:33
Lastly, let's look at negatives.
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Panghuli, tingnan natin ang mga negatibo.
03:36
I eat.
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Kumain ako.
03:38
I don't eat.
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hindi ako kumakain.
03:41
‘don't’ is our negative.
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'huwag' ang ating negatibo.
03:45
I should eat.
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dapat kumain ako.
03:47
I should not eat.
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Hindi dapat ako kumain.
03:50
‘not’ is our negative.
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'hindi' ang ating negatibo.
03:53
When we have a modal verb, we do not use ‘doesn't’ or ‘don't’ here.
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Kapag mayroon tayong modal verb, hindi tayo gumagamit ng 'hindi' o 'hindi' dito.
04:01
We only use ‘not’.
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Ginagamit lang namin ang 'hindi'.
04:04
‘I should not eat’ is correct.
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'Hindi ako dapat kumain' ay tama.
04:08
Now that we know more about the grammar of modal verbs,
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Ngayon na alam na natin ang higit pa tungkol sa grammar ng mga modal verbs,
04:12
let's move on and look at some more examples.
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magpatuloy tayo at tumingin sa ilang higit pang mga halimbawa.
04:16
Let's take a look at some more modal verbs.
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Tingnan natin ang ilan pang modal verbs.
04:19
These ones express ability.
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Ang mga ito ay nagpapahayag ng kakayahan.
04:21
‘can’ and ‘able to’ I can dance.
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'kaya' at 'kaya' kaya kong sumayaw.
04:26
‘can’ is our modal verb.
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'maaari' ay ang aming modal verb.
04:28
It shows we have an ability.
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Ipinapakita nito na mayroon tayong kakayahan.
04:30
I can dance.
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Kaya kong sumayaw.
04:33
I can't sing.
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Hindi ako marunong kumanta.
04:36
‘can't’ inability.
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'hindi kaya' kawalan ng kakayahan.
04:37
I can't sing.
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Hindi ako marunong kumanta.
04:39
‘can't’ is a contraction of ‘cannot’.
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Ang 'can't' ay isang contraction ng 'cannot'.
04:43
I’m able to swim.
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Marunong akong lumangoy.
04:45
‘able to’ ‘able to’ is a semi-modal verb.
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Ang 'magagawa' 'magagawa' ay isang semi-modal na pandiwa.
04:51
We know that because ‘to’ is here.
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Alam natin yan kasi nandito si 'to.
04:54
I’m able to swim.
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Marunong akong lumangoy.
04:57
I’m not able to cook.
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Hindi ako marunong magluto.
05:00
‘able to’ uses ‘not’ in negative form.
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Ang 'magagawa' ay gumagamit ng 'hindi' sa negatibong anyo.
05:05
‘I’m not able to cook’ shows inability.
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'Hindi ako marunong magluto' ay nagpapakita ng kawalan ng kakayahan.
05:10
Let's move on some more examples.
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Magpatuloy tayo sa ilang higit pang mga halimbawa.
05:12
Let's take a look at some modals that express advice and suggestions.
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Tingnan natin ang ilang mga modal na nagpapahayag ng payo at mungkahi.
05:18
‘should’ ‘shouldn't’
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'dapat' 'hindi dapat'
05:21
‘ought to’ ‘ought not to’
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'dapat' 'hindi dapat'
05:25
You should stop smoking.
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Dapat mong ihinto ang paninigarilyo.
05:27
‘should’ is a modal that gives us advice or suggestion.
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Ang 'dapat' ay isang modal na nagbibigay sa atin ng payo o mungkahi.
05:32
‘You should stop smoking.’
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'Kailangan mong tumigil sa pagsisigarilyo.'
05:36
Good advice.
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Mabuting payo.
05:38
You shouldn't drink so much.
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Hindi ka dapat uminom ng marami.
05:41
‘shouldn't’ is a contraction of ‘should not’.
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Ang 'hindi dapat' ay isang pag-urong ng 'hindi dapat'.
05:46
You shouldn't drink so much.
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Hindi ka dapat uminom ng marami.
05:49
Good advice.
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Mabuting payo.
05:51
You ought to prepare for the test.
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Dapat kang maghanda para sa pagsusulit.
05:55
‘ought to’ is a semi-modal.
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Ang 'ought to' ay isang semi-modal.
05:58
Here's that ‘to’.
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Narito ang 'to'.
06:00
You ought to prepare for the test.
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Dapat kang maghanda para sa pagsusulit.
06:03
A suggestion and some good advice.
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Isang mungkahi at ilang magandang payo.
06:07
You ought not to be worried.
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Hindi ka dapat mag-alala.
06:10
Here's that ‘not’.
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Narito ang 'hindi'.
06:11
The negative form.
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Ang negatibong anyo.
06:13
You ought not to be worried.
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Hindi ka dapat mag-alala.
06:16
Good advice.
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Mabuting payo.
06:17
Now, ‘ought not to’ is not that common, but you may hear it once in a while.
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Ngayon, ang 'hindi dapat' ay hindi gaanong karaniwan, ngunit maaari mo itong marinig paminsan-minsan.
06:25
Let's move on to some more examples.
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Lumipat tayo sa ilang higit pang mga halimbawa.
06:28
Let's look at some modal verbs that express permission.
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Tingnan natin ang ilang modal verb na nagpapahayag ng pahintulot.
06:32
‘may’ ‘may not’
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'maaaring' 'maaaring hindi'
06:35
‘can’ ‘can't’
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'maaari' 'hindi'
06:38
‘could and ‘can’, again.
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'maaari at 'maaari', muli.
06:42
You may leave class early.
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Maaari kang umalis ng maaga sa klase.
06:45
‘may’ is our modal verb.
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'May' ay ang aming modal verb.
06:47
It expresses permission very politely.
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Ito ay nagpapahayag ng pahintulot nang napakagalang.
06:51
Maybe your teacher will not say this.
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Baka hindi ito sasabihin ng iyong guro.
06:54
You may leave class early.
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Maaari kang umalis ng maaga sa klase.
06:57
You may not be allowed to enter.
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Baka hindi ka payagang pumasok.
07:01
‘may not’ that's our modal verb in negative.
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'maaaring hindi' iyon ang aming modal verb sa negatibo.
07:06
You do not have permission to enter.
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Wala kang pahintulot na pumasok.
07:10
You can go home now.
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Pwede ka nang umuwi.
07:13
We talked about ‘can’ and it was used for ability.
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Napag-usapan namin ang tungkol sa 'can' at ito ay ginamit para sa kakayahan.
07:18
‘can’ is also used for permission.
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Ginagamit din ang 'can' para sa pahintulot.
07:22
You can go home now.
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Pwede ka nang umuwi.
07:24
You have permission to go home now.
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May pahintulot kang umuwi ngayon.
07:28
You can't come home late.
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Hindi ka makakauwi ng late.
07:31
‘can't’ You do not have permission to come home late.
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'Hindi pwede' Wala kang pahintulot na umuwi ng late.
07:37
Here are some questions.
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Narito ang ilang katanungan.
07:39
‘could’ ‘could’ is a modal verb.
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Ang 'could' 'could' ay isang modal verb.
07:42
Could I leave early?
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Pwede ba akong umalis ng maaga?
07:45
We're asking for permission.
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Humihingi kami ng pahintulot.
07:48
Can I help you?
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Matutulungan ba kita?
07:50
Again, asking for permission.
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Muli, humihingi ng pahintulot.
07:53
Let's have a look at some more examples.
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Tingnan natin ang ilang higit pang mga halimbawa.
07:56
Let's look at a modal that expresses certainty.
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Tingnan natin ang isang modal na nagpapahayag ng katiyakan.
08:00
‘must’ and ‘mustn't’.
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'dapat' at 'hindi dapat'.
08:03
You must study English.
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Dapat kang mag-aral ng Ingles.
08:06
‘must’ is a very strong modal.
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Ang 'dapat' ay isang napakalakas na modal.
08:10
It expresses certainty.
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Nagpapahayag ito ng katiyakan.
08:12
You have to study English.
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Kailangan mong mag-aral ng Ingles.
08:15
You have no other choice.
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Wala kang ibang pagpipilian.
08:17
You must study English.
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Dapat kang mag-aral ng Ingles.
08:20
You mustn't cheat on the test.
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Hindi ka dapat mandaya sa pagsubok.
08:24
‘mustn’t’ is a contraction of ‘must not’.
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Ang 'hindi dapat' ay isang pag-urong ng 'hindi dapat'.
08:29
Again, it is very strong.
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Muli, ito ay napakalakas.
08:32
This is not a suggestion.
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Ito ay hindi isang mungkahi.
08:34
You have no other choice.
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Wala kang ibang pagpipilian.
08:36
You mustn't cheat on the test.
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Hindi ka dapat mandaya sa pagsubok.
08:40
Let's look at our next example.
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Tingnan natin ang susunod na halimbawa.
08:42
Let's have a look at some modal verbs that express possibility.
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Tingnan natin ang ilang modal verbs na nagpapahayag ng posibilidad.
08:48
‘could’ ‘couldn't’
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'maaaring' 'hindi'
08:50
‘might’ ‘might not’
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'maaaring' 'maaaring hindi'
08:52
‘may’ ‘may not’
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'maaaring' 'maaaring hindi'
08:55
He could be smart.
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Siya ay maaaring maging matalino.
08:57
It's possible.
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Posible.
09:00
Possible means we are not hundred percent sure.
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Ang ibig sabihin ng posible ay hindi tayo daang porsyentong sigurado.
09:04
We don't really know. That's a possibility.
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Hindi talaga namin alam. Possibility yan.
09:08
He could be smart.
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Maaari siyang maging matalino.
09:10
Maybe he's smart, maybe he's not.
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Siguro siya ay matalino, marahil siya ay hindi.
09:13
He couldn't be lazy.
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Hindi siya maaaring maging tamad.
09:16
He couldn't.
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Hindi niya kaya.
09:19
‘couldn't’ is a contraction of ‘could not’.
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Ang 'hindi' ay isang pag-urong ng 'hindi kaya'.
09:22
Maybe he's lazy, maybe he's not.
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Baka tamad siya, baka hindi.
09:25
It's a possibility.
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Ito ay isang posibilidad.
09:27
We don't really know.
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Hindi talaga namin alam.
09:29
She might be late might.
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Baka ma-late siya.
09:32
Might. It's possible.
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baka. Posible.
09:34
She's going to be late but again we don't really know.
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She's going to be late but again hindi talaga namin alam.
09:39
She might not be healthy.
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Baka hindi siya malusog.
09:42
She could be healthy, she could not be healthy.
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Maaari siyang maging malusog, hindi siya maaaring maging malusog.
09:45
It's a possibility.
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Ito ay isang posibilidad.
09:47
We're not very sure.
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Hindi kami masyadong sigurado.
09:49
They may be friendly.
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Baka palakaibigan sila.
09:52
Again, it's a possibility.
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Muli, ito ay isang posibilidad.
09:54
We're not sure.
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Hindi kami sigurado.
09:56
They may not be quiet.
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Baka hindi sila matahimik.
09:59
We don't really know.
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Hindi talaga namin alam.
10:00
It's a possibility.
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Ito ay isang posibilidad.
10:02
Let's move on to some extra practice.
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Lumipat tayo sa ilang karagdagang pagsasanay.
10:06
Let's do some examples together.
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Magkasama tayong gumawa ng ilang halimbawa.
10:09
advice - This sentence expresses advice.
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payo - Ang pangungusap na ito ay nagpapahayag ng payo.
10:15
You're dirty.
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Ang dumi mo.
10:17
You_____ take a shower.
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Ikaw_____ ay maligo.
10:20
Which modal expresses advice?
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Aling modal ang nagpapahayag ng payo?
10:23
Correct. ‘should’ You're dirty.
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Tama. 'dapat' ikaw ay marumi.
10:27
You should take a shower.
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Dapat kang maligo.
10:36
inability - This example shows inability.
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kawalan ng kakayahan - Ang halimbawang ito ay nagpapakita ng kawalan ng kakayahan.
10:40
Sorry, I _____ help you.
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Paumanhin, tinutulungan kita _____.
10:44
Which modal expresses inability?
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Aling modal ang nagpapahayag ng kawalan ng kakayahan?
10:48
Well, we know ‘can’ expresses ability.
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Buweno, alam nating ang 'maaari' ay nagpapahayag ng kakayahan.
10:53
‘can't’ expresses inability.
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Ang 'hindi' ay nagsasaad ng kawalan ng kakayahan.
10:57
Sorry, I can't help you.
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Sorry, hindi kita matutulungan.
11:05
permission - This example shows permission.
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pahintulot - Ang halimbawang ito ay nagpapakita ng pahintulot.
11:09
____ I give you some advice?
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____ May payo ako sa iyo?
11:13
Which modals show us permission?
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Aling mga modal ang nagpapakita sa amin ng pahintulot?
11:17
That's right.
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Tama iyan.
11:18
‘could’ or ‘can’ are both modals that show permission.
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Ang 'maaari' o 'maaari' ay parehong mga modal na nagpapakita ng pahintulot.
11:23
Let's use ‘could’.
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Gamitin natin ang 'maaari'.
11:25
Could I give you some advice?
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Maaari ba akong magbigay sa iyo ng ilang payo?
11:32
certainty - You _____ be late for your final exam.
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katiyakan - _____ kang mahuhuli sa iyong huling pagsusulit.
11:38
Which modal expresses certainty?
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Aling modal ang nagpapahayag ng katiyakan?
11:41
‘must’ You must be late for your final exam.
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'dapat' Dapat huli ka sa iyong huling pagsusulit.
11:46
Wait a second.
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Sandali lang.
11:48
You must not be late for your final exam.
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Hindi ka dapat ma-late sa iyong huling pagsusulit.
11:51
That's correct.
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Tama iyan.
11:58
possibility - She ___ be rich.
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posibilidad - Siya ___ ay mayaman.
12:02
Which modals express possibility?
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Aling mga modal ang nagpapahayag ng posibilidad?
12:07
‘could’ or ‘might’ are both good choices.
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Ang 'maaari' o 'maaaring' ay parehong mahusay na pagpipilian.
12:10
Let's use ‘might’.
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Gamitin natin ang 'maaaring'.
12:12
She might be rich.
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Baka mayaman siya.
12:18
Great job, everyone.
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Mahusay na trabaho, lahat.
12:20
Let's move on.
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Mag-move on na tayo.
12:21
This was just a brief look at modal verbs.
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Ito ay isang maikling pagtingin lamang sa mga modal verbs.
12:25
I have a lot more information that I hope to give you in future videos.
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Marami pa akong impormasyon na inaasahan kong maibigay sa iyo sa mga susunod na video.
12:30
For now, let's look at the homework.
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Sa ngayon, tingnan natin ang takdang-aralin.
12:33
I want you to practice using ‘ought to’.
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Gusto kong magsanay ka gamit ang 'ought to'.
12:37
Please give me some life advice using ought to in the comments below.
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Mangyaring bigyan ako ng ilang payo sa buhay gamit ang nararapat sa mga komento sa ibaba.
12:44
Also, don't forget the quiz.
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Gayundin, huwag kalimutan ang pagsusulit.
12:47
You can find the link for the quiz in the video description below.
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Mahahanap mo ang link para sa pagsusulit sa paglalarawan ng video sa ibaba.
12:53
Good luck and see you in the next video.
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Good luck at makita ka sa susunod na video.
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