Learn THESE / THOSE | Basic English Grammar Course

40,540 views ใƒป 2021-09-15

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi, everybody and welcome to this video.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
Weโ€™re going to talk about how to use โ€˜theseโ€™ and โ€˜thoseโ€™.
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'์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค'๊ณผ '์ €๊ฒƒ๋“ค'์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
00:09
Uhhh, just like we learned with โ€˜thisโ€™ and โ€˜thatโ€™,
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์–ด, 'this'์™€ 'that'์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
00:13
we use โ€˜theseโ€™ and โ€˜thoseโ€™ to talk about nouns that are close to us
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'these'์™€ 'those'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:20
or far from us.
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๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
00:23
So, letโ€™s take a look at the board.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋ณด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
Now, we know if there is just one,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•œ ์†ก์ด๋งŒ ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:29
and itโ€™s close to us,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
00:31
we say, โ€œThis is a flowerโ€.
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๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฝƒ์ด๋‹คโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
00:35
But thereโ€™s more than one.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Itโ€™s plural.
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
So we have to say, โ€œTheseโ€.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“คโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
โ€œThese are flowers.โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”.โ€
00:44
Again, more than one.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
Now, I change the โ€˜beโ€™ verb to โ€˜areโ€™
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์ด์ œ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ 'are'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ 
00:51
and I added an โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of โ€˜flowerโ€™.
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'flower' ๋์— 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
So, โ€œThese are flowers.โ€
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”.โ€
00:59
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:00
Now, thereโ€™s one thatโ€™s far away.
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์ž, ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
We say, โ€œThat is a flower.โ€
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ์ €๊ฑด ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
But, again, thereโ€™s more than one.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
There are two flowers.
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๊ฝƒ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:11
So, in that case, we use, โ€œThose are flowers.โ€
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” โ€œThose are flowers.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
โ€œThose are flowers.โ€
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โ€œ์ €๊ฑฐ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”.โ€
01:19
Theyโ€™re far away.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
โ€œThose are flowers.โ€
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โ€œ์ €๊ฑฐ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”.โ€
01:23
Letโ€™s look at these.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž.
01:25
โ€œThis is a marker.โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์ปค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
01:29
โ€œThese are markers.โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์ปค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
01:33
โ€œThat is a marker.โ€
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์ปค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
01:37
โ€œThose are markers.โ€
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โ€œ์ €๊ฑฐ ๋งˆ์ปค์•ผ.โ€
01:40
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:41
Letโ€™s move on to the next part.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:43
So we know โ€œThese are flowersโ€.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฝƒ์ด๋‹คโ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
Theyโ€™re close by.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
And for the flowers that are far away, we say,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฝƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
01:53
โ€œThose are flowersโ€.
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'์ €๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฝƒ์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:56
But over here we have โ€˜chairsโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” '์˜์ž'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
So, we have to use the negative.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
02:03
We use the contraction โ€˜arenโ€™tโ€™
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'are not'์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ
02:06
which is short for โ€˜are notโ€™.
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'aren't'๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝ
02:09
โ€œThese arenโ€™t flowers.โ€
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ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฝƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
02:13
โ€œThese arenโ€™t flowers.
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฝƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
Okay, and for the chairs that are far away,
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
02:20
we say, โ€œThose arenโ€™t flowersโ€.
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"๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ฝƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
02:24
โ€œThose arenโ€™t flowers.โ€
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ฝƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋„ค์š”.โ€
02:27
Okay, and letโ€™s try with the markers.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ปค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
โ€œThese arenโ€™t pens.โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŽœ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
02:34
โ€œThese arenโ€™t pens.โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŽœ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
02:37
Okay, and far away.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:39
โ€œThose arenโ€™t pens.โ€
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํŽœ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ.โ€
02:42
โ€œThose arenโ€™t pens.โ€
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํŽœ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ.โ€
02:45
Okay, letโ€™s move on to the next part.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
Okay, now weโ€™re going to make some questions.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
We know, โ€œThese are flowersโ€.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฝƒ์ด๋‹คโ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
When you want to make a question, you have to change
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์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด
02:59
โ€˜these areโ€™ and put the โ€˜beโ€™ verb first.
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'these are'๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
So, it becomes, โ€œAre these flowers?โ€.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฝƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?โ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
โ€œAre these flowers?โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”?โ€
03:09
And the answer is โ€œYes, they are.โ€
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ "๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Okay, now the flowers are far away.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ฝƒ์€ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
So we say, โ€œAre those flowers?โ€.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ์ €๊ฒŒ ๊ฝƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
โ€œAre those flowers?โ€
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”?โ€
03:21
And again, the answer is โ€œYes, they are.โ€
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ โ€œ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
Okay. Now here, we have chairs.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
โ€œAre these flowers?โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”?โ€
03:32
The answer is โ€œNo, they arenโ€™t.โ€
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ โ€œ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Okay, now theyโ€™re far away.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
โ€œAre those flowers?โ€
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฝƒ์ด์—์š”?โ€
03:41
And again, the answer is โ€œNo, they arenโ€™t.โ€
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
How about these? โ€œAre these markers?โ€
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? โ€œ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์ปค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?โ€
03:50
โ€œYes, they are.โ€
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โ€œ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
03:52
โ€œAre those markers?โ€
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โ€œ์ €๊ฑฐ ๋งˆ์ปค์•ผ?โ€
03:55
โ€œYes, they are.โ€
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โ€œ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
03:58
โ€œAre these pens?โ€
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โ€œ์ด๊ฑฐ ํŽœ์ด์—์š”?โ€
04:01
โ€œNo, they arenโ€™t.โ€
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โ€œ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.โ€
04:04
โ€œAre those pens?โ€
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โ€œ์ €๊ฑฐ ํŽœ์ด์—์š”?โ€
04:06
โ€œNo, they arenโ€™t.โ€
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โ€œ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.โ€
04:09
Okay, so in this video, we learned how to use โ€˜theseโ€™ and โ€˜thoseโ€™.
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์ž, ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” 'this'์™€ 'those'์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
I hope you guys understand and Iโ€™ll see you in the next video.
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์ดํ•ดํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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