American English Consonants - IPA - Pronunciation - International Phonetic Alphabet

1,248,202 views ใƒป 2011-07-25

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Let's take a look at the letter T. It can be silent, like in the word fasten. It can
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ๆ–‡ๅญ—Tใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚fastenใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็„ก้Ÿณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:07
be pronounced ch, as in the word future. It can be pronounced tt like in the word tap.
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ๆœชๆฅใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€chใจ็™บ้Ÿณใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ˜่ชžtapใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซttใจ็™บ้Ÿณใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:16
When it's paired with the H, it can be th, the unvoiced TH sound, as in thanks. Or it
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Hใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็„กๅฃฐใฎTH้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ
00:24
can be th, the voiced TH sound, as in this. When paired with the letter I, it can be ch,
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆฟใฃใŸTH้Ÿณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ๅญ—Iใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจ
00:34
the CH sound, as in the word mention. But, it could also be sh, the SH sound, as in the
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ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ่จ€ๅŠใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€chใ€CH้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใŸใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ‹•ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€shใ€SH้Ÿณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
00:42
word motion. The letter T can actually represent various different sounds. This is why the
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ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ๅญ—Tใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็•ฐใชใ‚‹้Ÿณใ‚’่กจใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€
00:49
International Phonetic Alphabet makes it easier to study the pronunciation of foreign languages.
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ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅทใŒ ๅค–ๅ›ฝ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฎ็ ”็ฉถใ‚’ๅฎนๆ˜“ใซใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
00:55
This video focuses on consonants.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏๅญ้Ÿณใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:05
What is the International Phonetic Alphabet? It's
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ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅทใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œ
01:09
a system of phonetic notation, and I use it a lot on my website and when I teach students.
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ใฏ้Ÿณๅฃฐ่กจ่จ˜ใฎใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚„็”Ÿๅพ’ใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅค–ๅ›ฝ่ชž
01:14
I've also used it a lot when I've studied foreign languages. The IPA is especially
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ใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใจใใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:20
handy when studying English because English is not a phonetic language. This means when
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ€่ชžใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€IPAใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็‰นใซไพฟๅˆฉ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š
01:25
you see a letter or a group of letters, it will not necessarily always be pronounced
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ใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใพใŸใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†’้ ญใฎไพ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚Œ ใŒๅ‡บ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๅ„ๅ˜่ชžใงๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
01:29
the same in each word in which it occurs, just as in the example at the beginning of
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01:34
this video. The IPA has a written symbol for each phonetic sound, so this makes it
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ใ€‚ IPAใซใฏใ€ ้Ÿณๅฃฐใ”ใจใซ่จ˜ๅทใŒๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฎ
01:39
easier to read about and write about pronunciation. As a student of pronunciation, it's important
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่ชญใฟๆ–นใ‚„ๆ›ธใๆ–นใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็™บ้Ÿณใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่กจใ™
01:45
that you become familiar with the symbols that represent the sounds of American English.
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่จ˜ๅทใซ็ฒพ้€šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ ใ€‚
01:56
Dd, say that with me, dd. This sound is in dime, redo, smiled. Tt, say that with me, tt. This
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Ddใ€็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€ddใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ€10ใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆ็กฌ่ฒจใ€ ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใ€ๅพฎ็ฌ‘ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ Ttใ€็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ttใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ
02:09
sound is in washed, untie, tip. Vv, vv. This sound is in value, of, love. Ff, ff. This
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้Ÿณใฏใ€ๆด—ใ„ๆตใ•ใ‚Œใ€่งฃใ‹ใ‚Œใ€ๅ…ˆ็ซฏใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Vvใ€vvใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ้Ÿณใฏใ€ๆ„›ใฎไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Ffใ€ffใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ
02:32
sound is in staff, enough, phone. Bb, bb. This sound is in big, sob, abandon. Pp, pp.
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้Ÿณใฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ๅๅˆ†ใ€้›ป่ฉฑใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Bbใ€bbใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๅคงใใใ€ใ™ใ™ใ‚Šๆณฃใใ€ๆ”พๆฃ„ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ Ppใ€ppใ€‚
02:50
This sound is in pan, snip, reapply. Gg, gg. This sound is in gap, exhibit, fog. Kk, kk.
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ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใƒ‘ใƒณใ€ใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ๅ†้ฉ็”จใงใ™ใ€‚ Ggใ€ggใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ้š™้–“ใ€ๅฑ•็คบใ€้œงใฎไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Kkใ€kkใ€‚
03:19
This sound is in choir, quiet, back. Th, th. This sound is in thanks, filthy, with. Th,
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ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๅˆๅ”ฑๅ›ฃใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้™ใ‹ใงใ€ๅพŒใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Thใ€thใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ€ไธๆฝ”ใ€ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ Thใ€
03:39
th, this sound is in bother, this, bathe. Ss, ss. This sound is in ice, some, ax. Zz,
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thใ€ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ๅ…ฅๆตดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ Ssใ€ssใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๆฐทใฎไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏๆ–งใงใ™ใ€‚ Zzใ€
03:59
zz. This sound is in lazy, flowers, possess. Sh, sh. This sound is in polish, ocean, issue.
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zzใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๆ€ ๆƒฐใงใ€่Šฑใงใ€ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ Shใ€shใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ็ฃจใใ€ๆตทใ€ๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
04:22
Dj, dj. This sound is in beige, vision, azure. Ch, ch. This sound is in ancient, march, chapter.
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Djใ€djใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ธใƒฅใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ€็ดบ็ขงใงใ™ใ€‚ Chใ€chใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๅคไปฃใ€่กŒ้€ฒใ€็ซ ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
Jj, jj. This sound is in joy, grudge, change. Hh, hh. This sound is in happy, rehash, hi.
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Jjใ€jjใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๅ–œใณใ€ๆจใฟใ€ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฎไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใใ€ใฏใใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๅนธใ›ใงใ™ใ€ใƒชใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
05:09
Rr, rr. This sound is in wrong, operate, ear. Yy, yy. This sound is in yummy. Yes. And it
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Rrใ€rrใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ๆ“ไฝœใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€่€ณใ€‚ ใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้ŸณใฏใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้Ÿณๆฅฝใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใฎ
05:31
often occurs in the 'ew' as in 'few' diphthong in words like music. Mm, mm. This sound occurs
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ใ€Œๅฐ‘ๆ•ฐใฎใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œewใ€ใงใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ็™บ็”Ÿใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚“ใƒผใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ
05:43
in words like my, mumble, some. Nn, nn. This sound occurs in the words nine, no, undo.
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ใ€็งใฎใ€ใคใถใ‚„ใใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ Nnใ€nnใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ้Ÿณใฏใ€9ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅ…ƒใซๆˆปใ™ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:03
Ng, ng. This sound occurs in the words ring, thanks, anger. Ll, ll. This sound occurs in
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Ngใ€ngใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ€ๆ€’ใ‚Šใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ Llใ€llใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ€
06:19
the words follow, lie, feel. Ww, ww. This consonant sound occurs in the words quiet, will, one.
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚ใใ€ใ†ใ‚ใใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ๅญ้Ÿณใฏใ€้™ใ‹ใชใ€ๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€1ใคใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:21
Great. Familiarizing yourself with these symbols should make it easier to
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ˜ๅทใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฎๅ‹‰ๅผทใŒใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Š
07:25
study pronunciation. That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใ‚งใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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