Present Simple Verb Form in English - English Verb Tenses

434,091 views ใƒป 2016-06-08

Oxford Online English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:02
Hello, Iโ€™m Oli.
0
2020
1340
์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
Welcome to Oxford Online English!
1
3360
2610
์˜ฅ์Šคํฌ๋“œ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์˜์–ด์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
00:05
In this lesson, you can learn about the present simple verb tense in English.
2
5970
5600
์ด ๋‹จ์›์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœ
00:11
How many ways do you know to use the present simple?
3
11570
3989
ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
00:15
The present simple doesnโ€™t just have one or two uses; there are at least eight common
4
15559
5551
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์€ ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฉ๋„๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์–ด๋„ 8๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ
00:21
uses, and many more special cases.
5
21110
4450
์šฉ๋„์™€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
In this lesson, you can learn all about the present simple tense.
6
25560
3940
์ด ๋‹จ์›์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:29
Beginners can learn simple ways to use this verb form, and more advanced students can
7
29500
5570
์ดˆ๋ณด์ž๋Š” ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์ƒ์€
00:35
learn about more complex uses of the present simple.
8
35070
3300
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์˜ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:38
Ready?
9
38370
1000
์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ?
00:39
OK, letโ€™s start!
10
39370
2060
๊ทธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž!
00:41
First question: how can you form the present simple?
11
41430
5090
์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ: ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
00:46
To use the present simple, you need to remember three things:
12
46520
4670
๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:51
First, add an 's' or 'es' to the verb in the third person singular, for example, after
13
51190
7440
๋จผ์ € 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์— 's' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค( ์˜ˆ:
00:58
'he', 'she', or 'it'.
14
58630
3540
'he', 'she' ๋˜๋Š” 'it' ๋’ค์—).
01:02
Make negatives using 'don't' or 'doesn't'; use 'doesn't' again for the 3rd person - after
15
62170
7129
'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 3์ธ์นญ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด 'does't'๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -
01:09
'he', 'she' or 'it'.
16
69299
2621
'he', 'she' ๋˜๋Š” 'it' ๋‹ค์Œ์—.
01:11
Make questions with 'do' or 'does.'
17
71920
4489
'do' ๋˜๋Š” 'does'๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:16
For example:
18
76409
1000
์˜ˆ:
01:17
"I visit them once a week."
19
77409
3041
"์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:20
"She visits them once a week."
20
80450
2540
"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:22
We add an 's' to the verb after he/she/it.
21
82990
4219
he/she/it ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ์— 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
"I have a lot of things to do."
22
87209
2461
"๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค."
01:29
"I don't have a lot of things to do."
23
89670
3070
"๋‚œ ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์–ด."
01:32
We make negatives with .don't'.
24
92740
2460
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” .don't๋กœ ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
"I don't have much time."
25
95200
3849
"๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์–ด."
01:39
"He doesn't have much time."
26
99049
3070
"๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์–ด."
01:42
We make negatives with 'doesn't' after he/she/it.
27
102119
3960
he/she/it ๋’ค์— 'does't'๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
"You have a big family."
28
106079
2680
"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:48
"Do you have a big family?"
29
108759
3960
"๋„ˆํฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ด๋‹ˆ?"
01:52
We make questions with 'do'.
30
112719
3040
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'do'๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
"Do you live in this building?"
31
115759
3801
"์ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์‚ฌ์„ธ์š”?"
01:59
"Does she live in this building?"
32
119560
2390
"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
02:01
For the 3rd person, we make questions with 'does'.
33
121950
5220
3์ธ์นญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'does'๋กœ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
You can see that when we use 'does' or 'doesn't', we don't add 's' to the verb.
34
127170
5860
'does' ๋˜๋Š” 'doesn't'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋™์‚ฌ์— 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
OK, that shows you how to form the present simple, but how can you use it?
35
133030
6820
์ข‹์•„์š”, ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ
02:19
Let's look at the different ways you can use this verb form.
36
139850
3440
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:23
Part two: talking about a regular action.
37
143290
4960
2๋ถ€: ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ.
02:28
This is one of the most common uses of the present simple.
38
148250
3640
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์šฉ๋„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:31
Let's just look at some examples:
39
151890
1010
๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
"She calls her parents every week."
40
152900
3800
"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:36
"I don't often go to the gym."
41
156700
2670
"๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ์ž์ฃผ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:39
Or, "Do you always eat so quickly?"
42
159370
4229
๋˜๋Š” "ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?"
02:43
In all of these sentences, we are talking about actions which happen (or don't happen)
43
163599
5831
์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”(๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”) ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:49
regularly.
44
169430
1000
.
02:50
These actions are not happening at this moment.
45
170430
3390
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
This is a simple use of the present simple, which you maybe knew already.
46
173820
5390
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:59
But weโ€™ve only just started.
47
179210
2970
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๋ง‰ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
How else can you use the present simple?
48
182180
2260
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:04
Do you know any other ways?
49
184440
2880
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:07
Let's look.
50
187320
1000
ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž.
03:08
Part three: talking about general truths.
51
188320
4410
3๋ถ€: ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง„์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ
03:12
If you want to talk about something which is generally true, you will also need the
52
192730
4410
๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:17
present simple.
53
197140
1240
.
03:18
For example:
54
198380
1930
์˜ˆ:
03:20
"The Moon goes around the Earth."
55
200310
3400
"๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค."
03:23
"The Nile is the longest river in the world."
56
203710
3790
"๋‚˜์ผ๊ฐ•์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธด ๊ฐ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:27
Or, "Elephants live for 60 or 70 years on average."
57
207500
6900
๋˜๋Š” "์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  60~70๋…„์„ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค ."
03:34
These things are generally true because they arenโ€™t just true at one moment.
58
214400
5290
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
They were true 100 years ago; theyโ€™re true today, and theyโ€™ll be true 100 years in
59
219690
5290
100๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ฉฐ 100๋…„ ํ›„์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:44
the future.
60
224980
2180
.
03:47
Compare this to the previous idea: talking about regular actions.
61
227160
4780
์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์ „ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค: ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:51
In both cases, we use the present simple to talk about something which is true not just
62
231940
5220
๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:57
at this moment, but also in the future and the past.
63
237160
5570
์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋„ ์ฐธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
This idea is an important part of the meaning of the present simple.
64
242730
4770
์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:07
We'll see it again.
65
247500
1680
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Part four: talking about states and situations.
66
249180
5730
4๋ถ€: ์ƒํƒœ์™€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ.
04:14
'Throwing' is an action.
67
254910
2490
'๋˜์ง€๊ธฐ'๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„
04:17
Itโ€™s something which can be happening at one moment.
68
257400
3769
์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:21
A question: are all verbs actions?
69
261169
5361
์งˆ๋ฌธ: ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
04:26
Think about a verb like 'seem'.
70
266530
2150
'seem'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:28
Is 'seeming' an action?
71
268680
3200
'๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ด ํ–‰๋™์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
04:31
Can you say, "Youโ€™re seeming very quiet today?"
72
271880
3520
"์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์กฐ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:35
No, and no.
73
275400
3049
์•„๋‹ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ.
04:38
Verbs like 'seem' describe states, not actions.
74
278449
3900
'seem'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
We use the present simple to talk about all states in the present.
75
282349
4921
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:47
For example:
76
287270
1239
์˜ˆ:
04:48
"You seem a bit quiet today."
77
288509
2351
"์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ข€ ์กฐ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”."
04:50
"He has a lot of experience in his subject."
78
290860
3790
"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:54
Or, "Why does this one cost more than the others?"
79
294650
6099
๋˜๋Š” "์™œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น„์Œ‰๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?"
05:00
Many verbs which describe states, like 'seem' or 'cost' can only be used in simple tenses.
80
300749
5271
'๋ณด์ด๋Š”' ๋˜๋Š” '๋น„์šฉ'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
They donโ€™t exist in continuous tenses.
81
306020
3519
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Again, you can see the same idea of something which is true not just now, at this moment,
82
309539
6321
๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ฟ๋งŒ
05:15
but also in the future and the past.
83
315860
4059
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋„ ์ฐธ์ธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
If you say, "He has a lot of experience in his subject," that means that he had a lot
84
319919
4930
"He has a a lot of experience in his subject"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
05:24
of experience last week, and heโ€™ll have a lot of experience next week, too.
85
324849
5301
์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์— ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์—๋„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
Itโ€™s not just about this moment.
86
330150
2720
๋น„๋‹จ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
Part five: using the present simple with verbs of sensing, feeling, thinking or speaking.
87
332870
8819
ํŒŒํŠธ 5: ๊ฐ์ง€, ๋Š๋‚Œ, ์ƒ๊ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ.
05:41
With many verbs of sensing (like 'hear', 'see' or 'smell'), feeling (like 'like', 'love'
88
341689
7090
๊ฐ์ง€('hear', 'see' ๋˜๋Š” 'smell' ๋“ฑ), ๋Š๋‚Œ('like', 'love'
05:48
or 'hate') thinking (like 'know', 'realise' or 'remember') or speaking (like 'promise',
89
348779
7991
๋˜๋Š” 'hate' ๋“ฑ), ์ƒ๊ฐ('know', 'realise' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ธฐ์–ต' ๋“ฑ)์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ(์˜ˆ: '์•ฝ์†',
05:56
'admit' or 'advise'), we use the present simple.
90
356770
4919
'์ธ์ •' ๋˜๋Š” '์กฐ์–ธ'), ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
This is because many of these verbs describe states, and the present simple is used to
91
361689
4950
์ด๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์ด
06:06
talk about states, as you saw just now.
92
366639
3791
์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
Let's look at some more examples:
93
370430
1919
๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
"This cheese smells a bit strange."
94
372349
2500
"์ด ์น˜์ฆˆ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์š”."
06:14
"I don't like going shopping."
95
374849
2971
"๋‚˜๋Š” ์‡ผํ•‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค."
06:17
"Do you realise what you're doing?"
96
377820
3749
"๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
06:21
"I promise it won't happen again."
97
381569
4391
"๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:25
In all of these sentences, only the present simple is possible.
98
385960
3989
์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
You can't say, "Are you realising what you're doing?"
99
389949
4171
"๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
Or, "I'm promising it wonโ€™t happen again."
100
394120
2840
๋˜๋Š” "๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:36
Part six: talking about long-lasting situations.
101
396960
6380
6๋ถ€: ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ.
06:43
If you say, "She lives with her friend."
102
403340
3919
"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:47
Or,
103
407259
1201
๋˜๋Š”
06:48
"Sheโ€™s living with her friend."
104
408460
4169
"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:52
Are they the same?
105
412629
1931
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
06:54
If not, whatโ€™s the difference?
106
414560
2819
์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:57
Theyโ€™re different.
107
417379
2380
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•
06:59
If you say, "She lives with her friend," with the present simple, this suggests that the
108
419759
4710
์œผ๋กœ "She lives with her friend"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
07:04
situation is permanent, or at least long-lasting.
109
424469
4081
์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ์–ด๋„ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋จ์„ ์•”์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
Sheโ€™s not just staying with her friend for a few weeks.
110
428550
4929
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:13
She lives with her friend, permanently.
111
433479
3650
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ
07:17
If you say, "Sheโ€™s living with her friend," with the present continuous, this suggests
112
437129
5021
"She's living with her friend"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
07:22
that the situation is temporary.
113
442150
3289
์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ž„์„ ์•”์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
Maybe sheโ€™s just staying with her friend while she looks for her own place.
114
445439
5280
์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:30
When we use the present simple to talk about a situation, it suggests that the situation
115
450719
4910
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด
07:35
has continued for a long time, and/or that we expect this situation to continue for a
116
455629
8160
์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์†๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ/๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด
07:43
long time into the future.
117
463789
2900
๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋„ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์†๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•”์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
In some cases, it's possible to use either the present simple or the present continuous
118
466689
4801
์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜
07:51
in the same sentence, but the meanings would be different.
119
471490
5449
์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
Using the present simple shows a situation is long-lasting or permanent, while using
120
476939
4980
๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด,
08:01
the present continuous shows that a situation is just temporary.
121
481919
3640
ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
For example:
122
485559
2140
์˜ˆ:
08:07
"He works for a small design company."
123
487699
4890
"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋””์ž์ธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:12
This is his career.
124
492589
1371
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
This is his job.
125
493960
1000
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
Heโ€™ll probably stay there a long time.
126
494960
2979
๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋จธ๋ฌผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
"He's working for a small design company."
127
497939
3790
"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋””์ž์ธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:21
He works there at the moment.
128
501729
2000
๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
He might change jobs soon.
129
503729
3370
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณง ์ง์—…์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
Another example: "I go to the gym every week."
130
507099
3990
๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ: "๋งค์ฃผ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:31
That means I do this every week, every month, all year.
131
511089
4971
์ฆ‰, ๋งค์ฃผ, ๋งค์›”, 1๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:36
Next month, Iโ€™ll still be going to the gym.
132
516060
3220
๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ์—๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
08:39
"I'm going to the gym every week."
133
519280
2910
"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐˆ๊ฑฐ์•ผ."
08:42
That means Iโ€™m doing this at the moment.
134
522190
2910
์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
Next month, you won't see me there!
135
525100
3580
๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
08:48
In all of these sentences, both forms are possible (simple or continuous), but the present
136
528680
6100
์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•ํƒœ (๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜• ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์†ํ˜•)๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•
08:54
simple shows that these situations are long-lasting, while the present continuous shows that these
137
534780
6350
๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ
09:01
situations probably won't continue for a long time.
138
541130
4530
์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์†๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:05
Okay, part seven - lots of parts!
139
545660
4090
์ž, 7๋ถ€ - ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
09:09
- use the present simple to tell jokes or stories in conversational English.
140
549750
5890
- ๋Œ€ํ™”์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋†๋‹ด์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:15
Imagine youโ€™re telling a story to your friends.
141
555640
3320
๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:18
What verb form would you use?
142
558960
2500
์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:21
You should use the past, right?
143
561460
1960
๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
09:23
After all, youโ€™re talking about a story, something which happened in the past.
144
563420
6030
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:29
Shouldn't you use a past verb form?
145
569450
2380
๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์„ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
09:31
Hmm...
146
571830
1000
์Œ...
09:32
Thatโ€™s logical, but itโ€™s not always true.
147
572830
2600
๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
We often use the present simple to tell stories or jokes, even for things which happened in
148
575430
4440
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:39
the past.
149
579870
1500
.
09:41
This is only possible in conversational English.
150
581370
4160
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
Why do we do this?
151
585530
2040
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
09:47
Using the present simple instead of the past makes the story sound more direct and exciting.
152
587570
5640
๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ง์ ‘์ ์ด๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
For example:
153
593210
1430
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด:
09:54
So, I see this guy who looks just like Johnny Depp, and I go up to talk to him, but then
154
594640
6210
์กฐ๋‹ˆ ๋Ž๊ณผ ๊ผญ ๋‹ฎ์€ ์ด ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ ค ๋„˜์–ด์ ธ์„œ
10:00
I trip and throw my drink all over him!
155
600850
3450
์Œ๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
10:04
He gives me this look, like I'm a complete idiot, and just walks away.
156
604300
4760
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ ๋ฐ”๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‘œ์ •์„ ์ง€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฐ€๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
Similarly, the present simple is often used in newspaper headlines, even for things which
157
609060
6330
๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์‹ ๋ฌธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:15
happened in the past.
158
615390
1500
.
10:16
For example:
159
616890
1750
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด:
10:18
"Prime Minister resigns" "Scientists discover new element"
160
618640
7720
"์ˆ˜์ƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๋‹ค" "๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋‹ค"
10:26
Next, we also use the present simple in commentary.
161
626360
4900
๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋…ผํ‰์—์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
Whatโ€™s commentary?
162
631260
1990
๋…ผํ‰์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:33
Commentary means describing something as itโ€™s happening, usually on TV or on the radio.
163
633250
9750
๋…ผํ‰์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ TV๋‚˜ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
For example, sports matches have commentators, who describe the match to listeners or viewers.
164
643000
6810
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์„ค์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
Commentators use the present simple to talk about shorter actions which are happening
165
649810
3830
ํ•ด์„ค์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋” ์งง์€ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:53
at that moment.
166
653640
1830
.
10:55
For example:
167
655470
1000
์˜ˆ:
10:56
"He passes, he shootsโ€ฆ
168
656470
1680
"๊ทธ๋Š” ํŒจ์Šคํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Š” ์Š›์„ ํ•˜๊ณ โ€ฆ
10:58
He hits the post!"
169
658150
2040
๊ทธ๋Š” ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ณค๋‹ค!"
11:00
"She serves, but Williams makes a great return."
170
660190
4370
"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์„œ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„์Šค๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ฆฌํ„ด์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:04
"The prince waits at the altar, while the princess walks slowly up the aisle."
171
664560
7170
"์™•์ž๋Š” ์ œ๋‹จ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต์ฃผ๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ํ†ต๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ„๋‹ค."
11:11
This might seem strange.
172
671730
1990
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Commentary describes something which is happening now, so you might think we should use the
173
673720
5460
์ฃผ์„์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:19
present continuous.
174
679180
2740
.
11:21
Commentary does use the present continuous, but mostly for longer actions.
175
681920
5080
ํ•ด์„ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋” ๊ธด ์ž‘์—…์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
For example:
176
687000
1480
์˜ˆ:
11:28
"Heโ€™s warming up and getting ready to come on the pitch."
177
688480
4510
"๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ชธ์„ ํ’€๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์— ์˜ฌ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
11:32
"The players are taking a break while the medic treats her leg."
178
692990
5230
"์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
11:38
Normally, we use the present simple for longer actions and the present continuous for shorter
179
698220
5920
์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๊ธด ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ์งง์€ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:44
actions.
180
704140
1710
.
11:45
But in commentary, the opposite is true; the present simple describes shorter actions,
181
705850
5840
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•ด์„ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์€ ๋” ์งง์€ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:51
the continuous is used for longer actions.
182
711690
2380
์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์€ ๋” ๊ธด ๋™์ž‘์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
11:54
OK, youโ€™re nearly finished.
183
714070
3600
๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
We have one more use of the present simple.
184
717670
3240
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
What is it?
185
720910
1000
๋ญ์•ผ?
12:01
Letโ€™s look: Part nine: we use the present simple for future
186
721910
4130
์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค: ํŒŒํŠธ 9: ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ผ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:06
schedules.
187
726040
1180
.
12:07
So, you can also the present simple to talk about the future.
188
727220
5010
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ๋„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:12
How?
189
732230
1620
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?
12:13
We use the present simple to talk about things in the future which are on a timetable or
190
733850
5530
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ํ‘œ๋‚˜ ์ผ์ •์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:19
schedule.
191
739380
1230
.
12:20
This includes things like trains, planes and other public transport; meetings and appointments;
192
740610
6860
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋Œ€์ค‘ ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์˜ ๋ฐ ์•ฝ์†;
12:27
classes and so on, things like this.
193
747470
3790
์ˆ˜์—… ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค.
12:31
For example:
194
751260
1080
์˜ˆ:
12:32
"Class starts at 10.00."
195
752340
3310
"์ˆ˜์—…์€ 10์‹œ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
12:35
"The plane arrives at 12.20 at night."
196
755650
3370
"๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐค 12์‹œ 20๋ถ„์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
12:39
"What time does the meeting start?"
197
759020
3790
"ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ์‹œ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
12:42
In all of these sentences, we are talking about the future, but because we are talking
198
762810
4160
์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
12:46
about timetables or schedules, we use the present simple.
199
766970
4790
์‹œ๊ฐ„ํ‘œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
OK, let's review.
200
771760
2510
์ข‹์•„, ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์ž.
12:54
Wow!
201
774270
1000
์šฐ์™€!
12:55
Lots of information in this lesson.
202
775270
1710
์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
Donโ€™t worry if you donโ€™t remember it all.
203
776980
2340
๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:59
You can always review the video if you need to.
204
779320
2330
ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:01
It will still be here.
205
781650
2160
์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
I hope you can see that the present simple is actually a very flexible and powerful verb
206
783810
5120
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ
13:08
form.
207
788930
1570
ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
You can use it to express many, many different ideas.
208
790500
4440
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:14
However, if you want to use the present simple in all these ways, you need to understand
209
794940
6000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
13:20
the different meanings.
210
800940
1500
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
There isnโ€™t one answer to the question โ€œWhat does the present simple do?โ€
211
802440
5680
"๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?"๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
There are many answers!
212
808120
2040
๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
13:30
Thatโ€™s the end of the lesson.
213
810160
2360
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
Thanks very much for watching!
214
812520
1350
์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
13:33
I hope you found it useful.
215
813870
1730
๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.oxfordonlineenglish.com
13:35
You can see more of our free lessons on our website: www.oxfordonlineenglish.com.
216
815600
6090
์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:41
But that's all, thanks very much.
217
821690
1770
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
See you next time, bye bye!
218
823460
1400
๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”, ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7