Correct Use of DO / DOES / DID - Basic English Grammar - with Examples, Exercises & Quiz

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello and welcome.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:02
In this lesson, I am going to show you how to use โ€˜doโ€™, โ€˜doesโ€™, and โ€˜didโ€™
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” 'do', 'does', 'did'๋ฅผ
00:07
correctly.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
Iโ€™ll first teach you the basics and then Iโ€™ll give you some usage tips that will
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๋จผ์ € ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ ๋‹ค์Œ
00:13
help you to avoid mistakes with these forms.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์–‘์‹์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
As always, there is a quiz at the end of the video.
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ ์˜์ƒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—๋Š” ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:21
So letโ€™s begin.
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
Before we talk about the uses of โ€˜doโ€™, โ€˜doesโ€™ and โ€˜didโ€™, you need to know
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'do', 'does' ๋ฐ 'did'์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:33
the basic grammar rule with these forms.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•์‹์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
The rule is: in the present, if the subject is I / You / We / They or any plural noun,
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๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ I / You / We / They ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ
00:43
then we use โ€˜doโ€™.
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์ด๋ฉด 'do'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
If the subject is He / She / It or any singular noun, then we use โ€˜doesโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ He / She / It ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉด 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
This is when we talk about the present.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
If weโ€™re talking only about the past, then itโ€™s very easy.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
For any subject, we use โ€˜didโ€™.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Alright, letโ€™s do a quick test: in the present, what do we use with I / You / We / They or
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์ž, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ I / You / We / They ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
01:08
a plural?
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?
01:09
We use โ€˜doโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
And with He / She / It or a singular noun?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  He / She / It ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ?
01:15
We use โ€˜doesโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
What about in the past?
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:18
For any subject, we use โ€˜didโ€™.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
OK, letโ€™s now talk about the first use of these three forms.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์‹์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
01:26
This is in making negative sentences.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
To understand this, letโ€™s first take a positive sentence: โ€œI like ice cream.โ€
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € "I like ice cream"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
What is the verb here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:36
Itโ€™s โ€˜likeโ€™ โ€“ this is called the main verb because it has the main meaning in the
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 'like'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:42
sentence.
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.
01:43
So letโ€™s make this negative.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:46
In English, the rule for making negative sentences is that we add โ€˜notโ€™ to the helping verb
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์— 'not'์„ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:52
in the sentence.
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.
01:53
But wait โ€“ thereโ€™s only one verb here โ€“ โ€˜likeโ€™ which is the main verb.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž ๊น๋งŒ์š” โ€“ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ 'like'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
There is no other helping verb.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์›€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
So what do we do now?
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:02
Well, we add the verb โ€˜doโ€™ as a helping verb in the sentence.
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์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ 'do'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:06
Then, we put โ€˜notโ€™ next to it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์˜†์— 'not'์„ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
โ€œI do not like ice cream.โ€
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค."
02:11
is the negative sentence.
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๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
02:13
In speech, we usually shorten this to โ€˜donโ€™tโ€™ โ€“ โ€œI donโ€™t like ice cream.โ€
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์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ 'don't'๋กœ ์ค„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ "I don't like ice cream."
02:18
OK, what about this?
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์ข‹์•„, ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ?
02:20
โ€œHe plays hockey.โ€
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•˜ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:22
Remember that for He / She / It in the present, we use โ€˜doesโ€™.
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ํ˜„์žฌ He / She / It์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:26
Since we already have an โ€“s in โ€˜doesโ€™, we remove it from the main verb โ€“ we donโ€™t
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์ด๋ฏธ 'does'์— -s๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
say โ€˜playsโ€™, we say โ€˜playโ€™ โ€“ โ€œHe does not play hockeyโ€ or โ€œHe doesnโ€™t
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'plays'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  'play'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œHe does not play hockeyโ€ ๋˜๋Š” โ€œHe does n't
02:37
play hockey.โ€
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play hockeyโ€ .โ€
02:39
So the structure of a negative sentence in the present simple tense is subject + โ€˜do
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด + 'do
02:45
notโ€™ or โ€˜does notโ€™ + the main verb in its base form (remember: donโ€™t add โ€˜sโ€™
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not' ๋˜๋Š” 'does not' + ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์˜ ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”: ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ์— 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
02:51
to the main verb) and then the rest of the sentence.
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). ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
02:53
OK, letโ€™s do an exercise now.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ด์ œ ์šด๋™ํ•˜์ž.
02:57
Here are a few more sentences.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ช‡ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
I want you to make them all negative.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
Stop the video, think about your answers, then play the video again and check.
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์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋‹ต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ํ›„ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:08
Alright, here are the answers: โ€œYou donโ€™t sing very well.โ€, โ€œWe donโ€™t travel to
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์ข‹์•„, ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค: "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:16
South Korea every year.โ€, โ€œThey donโ€™t live in a big house.โ€, โ€œShe doesnโ€™t
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.", "๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํฐ ์ง‘์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
want a new washing machine.โ€, โ€œThat piano doesnโ€™t look old.โ€
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์ƒˆ ์„ธํƒ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ด.โ€, โ€œ๊ทธ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋Š” ๋‚ก์•„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋„ค.โ€
03:25
Good.
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์ข‹์€.
03:26
Now, these sentences are all in the present tense.
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์ž, ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์„
03:29
Letโ€™s quickly talk about what happens when we have past tense sentences.
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๋•Œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
03:34
Do you remember the rule for the past tense?
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:37
Thatโ€™s right, we use โ€˜didโ€™ for all subjects.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
So we just say โ€˜did notโ€™ or โ€˜didnโ€™tโ€™ plus the main verb in its base form.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์— ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
So here are the past tense negative sentences โ€“ Iโ€™ve made some slight changes to make
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:52
them sound natural.
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.
03:53
If you want, stop the video and read them to make sure you understand.
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์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:01
So this is the first use of โ€˜doโ€™, โ€˜doesโ€™ and โ€˜didโ€™ โ€“ making negative sentences.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 'do', 'does' ๋ฐ 'did'์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ โ€“ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
Letโ€™s now move on to the second use and this is in making questions.
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์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
Hereโ€™s an example: โ€œI look good in this shirt.โ€
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ด ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
04:15
Letโ€™s make this a question.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:18
Once again, the rule is that we need an auxiliary (or helping) verb for this.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
Since the sentence doesnโ€™t have a helping verb, weโ€™re going to use โ€˜doโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'do'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
In questions, we put the helping verb right at the beginning of the sentence.
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์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:33
So, the structure for present simple tense questions is Do or Does + the subject + the
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” Do ๋˜๋Š” Does + ์ฃผ์–ด +
04:40
main verb in its base form and then the rest of the sentence.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์˜ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
So โ€œDo I look good in this shirt?โ€ is the correct form.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์ด ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?" ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
In this sentence, the main verb is โ€˜lookโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋ด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
Just a quick tip: when you write, donโ€™t forget to add the question mark at the end
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํŒ: ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋์— ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
04:57
of a question.
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.
04:59
Hereโ€™s another example: โ€œHe walks to school.โ€
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
05:03
How do we change this into a question?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:05
This time, we use โ€˜doesโ€™ because the subject is โ€˜Heโ€™.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'He'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:10
So โ€œDoes he walk to school?โ€ is the question.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€๋‚˜์š”?" ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
Alright, I have another exercise for you.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šด๋™์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:15
Here are some more sentences.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Stop the video, make questions out of these sentences, then play the video again and check.
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์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•œ ๋’ค ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ‹€์–ด ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:25
Alright, here are the answers: โ€œDo you speak English?โ€, โ€œDo we have any homework for
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์ž, ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์˜์–ด ํ•  ์ค„ ์•„์„ธ์š” ?", "๋‚ด์ผ ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”
05:32
tomorrow?โ€
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?"
05:33
Generally, in positive sentences, we use โ€˜someโ€™ and in negative sentences and questions, we
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” 'some'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š”
05:39
use โ€˜anyโ€™.
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'any'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Next one is โ€œDo they eat meat?โ€, โ€œDoes she work for Microsoft?โ€, and finally, โ€œDoes
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ โ€œ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?โ€, โ€œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” Microsoft์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?โ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ โ€œ
05:46
this cell phone have a camera?โ€
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์ด ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์— ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?โ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
These types of questions are called yes or no questions because the answer is either
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด
05:54
โ€˜yesโ€™ or โ€˜noโ€™.
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'์˜ˆ' ๋˜๋Š” '์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
But to make that answer a little longer, you can repeat the helping verb โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ 'do' ๋˜๋Š” 'does'๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
For example, โ€œDo I look good in this shirt?โ€
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "์ด ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?"
06:04
โ€œYes, you do.โ€
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"๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:05
or โ€œNo, you donโ€™t, sorry.โ€
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๋˜๋Š” "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:06
โ€œDo you speak English?โ€
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
06:08
โ€œYes, I do.โ€
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"๋„ค ์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:09
or โ€œNo, I donโ€™t.โ€
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๋˜๋Š” "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”."
06:10
โ€œDoes he walk to school?โ€
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€๋‚˜์š”?"
06:12
โ€œYes, he does.โ€
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"์˜ˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:13
or โ€œNo, he doesnโ€™t.โ€
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๋˜๋Š” "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:15
If a question asks about the past, you would use โ€˜didโ€™ โ€“ โ€œYes, I didโ€, โ€œNo,
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด 'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ "์˜ˆ, ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”,
06:19
he didnโ€™tโ€ and so on.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค" ๋“ฑ.
06:21
This type of short answer to a yes or no question is very common in real-life conversations.
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์˜ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์งง์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
Another type of question is one that asks for information using a question word or phrase
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ
06:34
(like what, when, where, why, how, how much etc.).
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(๋ฌด์—‡, ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋””์„œ, ์™œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ, ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋“ฑ)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
Just put this word or phrase at the beginning of the sentence before โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ 'do' ๋˜๋Š” 'does' ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„ฃ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
06:44
So: โ€œHow do I look in this shirt?โ€, โ€œHow many languages do you speak?โ€, โ€œWhat homework
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ : "์ด ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ž…์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋•Œ?", "์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?", "
06:50
do we have for tomorrow?โ€, โ€œWhy donโ€™t they eat meat?โ€, โ€œWhat time does he leave
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๋‚ด์ผ ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ์•ผ?", " ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์™œ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ˆ?", "๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ช‡์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:55
for school?โ€, โ€œWhere does she work?โ€, โ€œWhat kind of camera does this cell phone
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ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€?โ€, โ€œ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋‹ˆ?โ€, โ€œ์ด ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๊ฐ€
06:59
have?โ€ etc.
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์žˆ๋‹ˆ?โ€ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ.
07:00
OK, letโ€™s get back to our original questions.
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์ข‹์•„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์›๋ž˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ž.
07:04
Now, all of these are positive.
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์ž, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Do you know how to make the questions negative?
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ™”๋ฉด์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š”
07:10
Just add โ€˜notโ€™ before the main verb like you see on the screen: โ€œDo I not look good
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๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— 'not'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Do I not good
07:16
in this shirt?โ€, โ€œDo you not speak English?โ€
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in this shirt?", "Do you not speak English?"
07:19
If you want to make a contraction in natural speech, then you use โ€˜donโ€™tโ€™ or โ€˜doesnโ€™tโ€™:
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ง์—์„œ ์ถ•์•ฝ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด 'don't' ๋˜๋Š” 'does't'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”:
07:24
โ€œDonโ€™t I look good in this shirt?โ€
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"Don't I look good in this shirt?"
07:26
(thatโ€™s a very confident statement), โ€œDonโ€™t you speak English?โ€, โ€œDoesnโ€™t she work
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(๋งค์šฐ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.) " ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ•˜์„ธ์š”?", "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
07:31
for Microsoft?โ€
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Microsoft์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?"
07:32
and so on.
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๋“ฑ๋“ฑ.
07:33
Letโ€™s once again go back to the original questions.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์›๋ž˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž .
07:36
Now, up to this point, weโ€™ve talked about questions in the present tense.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Making past tense questions is very simple.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
You just use โ€˜didโ€™ in the place of โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™.
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'do'๋‚˜ 'does' ๋Œ€์‹ ์— 'did'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:49
If you want, stop the video and read these questions and make sure you understand, then
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์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
07:54
play the video again and continue.
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๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:58
Alright, now that you know the basics, let me give you some usage tips for โ€˜doโ€™,
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ 'do',
08:04
โ€˜doesโ€™ and โ€˜didโ€™.
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'does' ๋ฐ 'did'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
The first is modal verbs.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
Take this sentence: โ€œI can swim.โ€
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค: โ€œI can swim.โ€
08:10
Whatโ€™s the main verb here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ฐ”๋กœ
08:12
Itโ€™s โ€˜swimโ€™.
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'์ˆ˜์˜'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
Is there a helping verb?
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๋•๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:15
Yes, the verb โ€˜canโ€™ is the helping verb.
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์˜ˆ, ๋™์‚ฌ 'can'์€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
So to make this sentence negative, you should not add โ€˜doโ€™ to the sentence: โ€œI donโ€™t
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด "I don't can swim swim."์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— 'do'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
can swim.โ€ is not correct because the rule is that you add the โ€˜notโ€™ to the helping
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์— 'not'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:30
verb.
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.
08:31
This sentence already has a helping verb โ€“ โ€˜canโ€™, so you just say โ€˜cannotโ€™ or โ€˜canโ€™tโ€™:
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ 'can'์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ 'cannot' ๋˜๋Š” 'can't'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
โ€œI canโ€™t swim.โ€
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"I can't swim."
08:39
To make a question, once again, use the modal verb: โ€œCan you swim?โ€
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” : โ€œCan you swim?โ€
08:44
Itโ€™s the same thing with all the modal verbs: can, could, will, would, shall, should, may,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. can, could, will, would, shall, should, may,
08:50
might and must โ€“ use the modal verb itself to make questions and negatives.
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might ๋ฐ must โ€“ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
OK thatโ€™s the first point.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
The second point is the case of the verb โ€˜beโ€™.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ 'be'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
This verb is a special case because itโ€™s the only verb in the English language that
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ
09:06
needs no helping verb.
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
For example: โ€œI am a teacher.โ€
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์˜ˆ: โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
09:10
โ€˜Amโ€™ is just a present tense form of โ€˜beโ€™.
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'Am'์€ 'be'์˜ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
To make this negative, you should not add โ€˜donโ€™tโ€™.
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด 'ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
Instead, you just say โ€œI am not a teacher.โ€
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๋Œ€์‹  โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
or โ€œIโ€™m not a teacher.โ€
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๋˜๋Š” "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:23
To make this a question, you again use the verb โ€˜beโ€™ itself โ€“ โ€œAre you a teacher?โ€
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'be'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œAre you a teacher?โ€
09:29
So, with any present or past form of โ€˜beโ€™ (that is am, is, are, was or were), you can
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'be'์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ (์ฆ‰, am, is, are, was ๋˜๋Š” were)์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
09:36
add โ€˜notโ€™ right after it to make a negative, or put the form at the start of the sentence
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— 'not'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
to make a question.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
09:44
OK, point number three is the โ€˜double-doโ€™.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋Š” '๋”๋ธ”-๋‘'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
What is the double-do?
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๋”๋ธ”๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
09:49
Well, we know that every sentence has a main verb.
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์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:53
In some sentences, โ€˜doโ€™ itself is the main verb.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” 'do' ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:57
This is when we want to use โ€˜doโ€™ to mean simply โ€˜to perform some actionโ€™.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ '์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'do'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
For example: โ€œI do a lot of traveling in my free time.โ€
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์˜ˆ: "์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
10:06
Notice that โ€˜doโ€™ is the main verb here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ 'do'๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:09
So how we make this a negative?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์Œ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
10:11
Well, the rule is the same: thereโ€™s no helping verb, so we add another โ€˜doโ€™ and then
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์Œ, ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 'do'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
10:18
put โ€˜notโ€™ next to it: โ€œI donโ€™t do a lot of traveling in my free time.โ€
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๊ทธ ์˜†์— 'not'์„ ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "I don't do a lot of travel in my free time."
10:22
So what would the question form be?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ˜•์‹์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
10:25
It would be โ€œDo you do a lot of traveling in your free time?โ€
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" ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?"
10:30
This type of double-do is correct.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ด์ค‘ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Hereโ€™s another example: โ€œHe always does his homework on time.โ€
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
10:38
Can you make a negative statement and a question from this?
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ง„์ˆ ๊ณผ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
10:41
Pause the video and think about it.
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์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:43
Then play the video again and check.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:48
The negative would be: โ€œHe doesnโ€™t always do his homework on time.โ€
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ ์€ "๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค"์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
And the question is โ€œDoes he always do his homework on time?โ€
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ "๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Did you get them right?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:00
Of course, you can easily convert the sentences to the past tense by changing โ€˜doโ€™ or
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๋ฌผ๋ก  'do'๋‚˜ '
11:04
โ€˜doesโ€™ to โ€˜didโ€™.
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does'๋ฅผ 'did'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
Alright, letโ€™s turn to the last usage tip, and that is using โ€˜doโ€™ for emphasis.
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์ž, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 'do'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
You may have seen these types of sentences: โ€œI do have a car.โ€, โ€œShe does speak
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"I do a car.", "She does speak
11:18
French.โ€, โ€œI did send you the email.โ€
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French.", "I did send the email."๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
and so on.
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๋“ฑ๋“ฑ.
11:21
Are these forms correct?
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์ด ์–‘์‹์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:23
Yes, but only in one situation: when we want to add emphasis or force to the sentence.
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์˜ˆ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋‚˜ ํž˜์„ ๋”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
Imagine that Iโ€™m talking to my friend and I say: โ€œI have a car.โ€
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:36
My friend says: โ€œYouโ€™re lying.
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๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” โ€œ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:37
You donโ€™t have a car.โ€
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
11:38
Thatโ€™s a stupid thing to say, but imagine my friend says that.
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์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ๋ง์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
11:42
So I get angry that my friend just called me a liar, and I say, โ€œNo, Iโ€™m not lying.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์Ÿ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ โ€œ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
11:47
I do have a car.โ€
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
11:49
So that โ€˜doโ€™ just adds emphasis or force to the sentence.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'do'๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋‚˜ ํž˜์„ ๋”ํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:54
But remember that in normal conversations, we donโ€™t use โ€˜doโ€™ in positive statements
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— 'do'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
11:59
like this.
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12:00
We just say โ€œI have a car.โ€
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
Similarly, with the second sentence: one person says, โ€œShe doesnโ€™t speak French.โ€
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
Another person says, โ€œShe does speak French.โ€
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
to give it force.
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ํž˜์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
12:11
The normal sentence for everyday conversation is โ€œShe speaks French.โ€
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์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด์ธ 'she'
12:17
Notice that weโ€™re saying โ€˜doesโ€™ because of the subject โ€“ โ€˜sheโ€™.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'does'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
12:22
And also we remove the โ€˜sโ€™ from the main verb because that โ€˜sโ€™ is in โ€˜doesโ€™.
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๋˜ํ•œ 'does'์— 's'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ 's'๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
Next, imagine that Iโ€™m having a conversation with my boss.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
12:31
My boss says, โ€œI told you to send me that email yesterday, but you didnโ€™t!โ€
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๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š” โ€œ์–ด์ œ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์•ˆ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”!โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
And I say โ€œNo, boss.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” โ€œ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์‚ฌ์žฅ๋‹˜.
12:39
I did send you the email!โ€
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์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!โ€
12:40
So thatโ€™s how we use it in the past tense.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
Remember, normally, we just say โ€œI sent you the email.โ€
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "I sent you the email."์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
OK, those are all the usage tips and if youโ€™re ready, itโ€™s now time for the quiz.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์ฐจ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
There are eight sentences on the screen.
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ํ™”๋ฉด์—๋Š” 8๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
In each one, I want you to change the sentence according to the instruction inside the round
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‘ฅ๊ทผ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์˜ ์ง€์‹œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:02
brackets.
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13:03
If it says โ€˜change to negativeโ€™, then make a negative sentence; if it says โ€˜change
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'๋ถ€์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ์—ฌ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด, ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ์„ธ์š”. '
13:08
to questionโ€™, then make a question out of that sentence.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ์„ธ์š” .
13:12
Stop the video, think about your answers, then play the video again and check.
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์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋‹ต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ํ›„ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:19
Alright, here are the answers.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
How many did you get right?
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋งž์ถ”์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
13:24
Let me know in the comments section below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์—์„œ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
13:26
If you liked this video, give it a thumbs-up by hitting the like button.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š” ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
13:30
If youโ€™re new to my channel, make sure to click that subscribe button to get my latest
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๋‚ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตฌ๋… ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ
13:34
lessons right here on YouTube.
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YouTube์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ตœ์‹  ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
13:37
Happy learning and I will see you in another lesson soon.
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์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๊ณง ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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