HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN / HAD BEEN - How to Use These Forms Correctly (with Examples) - English Grammar

3,832,721 views ・ 2017-10-20

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‘Have been’, ‘has been’ and ‘had been’.
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These forms cause a lot of confusion for many people.
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Well, in this video, I will clear up that confusion.
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I’m going to teach you the three main uses of these forms how to use them correctly without
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making mistakes.
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As always, there is a quiz at the end of the video to test your understanding.
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Alright, let’s get started.
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Before we talk about the uses, you need to know the basics of where to use have, has
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and had been: in the present, if the subject of a sentence is I/You/We/They or a plural
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noun, then we use ‘have been’.
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If the subject is He/She/It or a singular noun, then we use ‘has been’.
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This is when we talk about the present.
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When we talk only about the past, it’s very easy.
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For any subject, we use ‘had been’.
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OK, let me test you: what do we use with He/She/It or a singular noun in the present?
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We use ‘has been’.
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What about with I/You/We/They or plural nouns?
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We use ‘have been’.
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And in the past tense?
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We use ‘had been’ for all subjects.
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Good, so let’s now look at the first use of these forms.
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This is in the present perfect tense.
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That is, to talk about actions or situations that started in the past and are still continuing.
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Here’s an example: “I have been working as a teacher for 7 years.”
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In speech, we usually shorten ‘I have’ to ‘I’ve’ – “I’ve been working
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as a teacher for 7 years.”
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Let’s look at a timeline for this.
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You know that I started working as a teacher seven years ago (or in 2010 because at the
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time of filming this video, right now, it’s 2017), and I’m still a teacher, so this
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action – ‘working’ is continuing.
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In this sentence, we can also say: “I have been working as a teacher since 2010.”
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The difference between ‘for’ and ‘since’ is that if you want to mention the duration
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(or amount of time), then you use ‘for’ (like ‘for 7 years’).
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If you want to mention the starting point of the action or situation, use ‘since’
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(as in ‘since 2010’).
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Here’s another example: let’s say that this lady wants to see the doctor.
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Her appointment was at 3 o’clock.
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She came to the hospital at 3, but the doctor wasn’t there.
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So she started waiting at 3 o’clock and she’s still waiting – let’s say it’s
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5 o’clock now, so two hours have passed.
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So what can we say?
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We can say: “She has been waiting for two hours.”
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or “She has been waiting since 3 o’clock.”
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In natural speech, we say he‘s been and she’s been: “She’s been waiting”.
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OK have a look at this sentence: “He has been the CEO of the company for four months”
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or we can say ‘since June’ because that’s when he started.
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Here, we don’t have an –ing verb like ‘working’ or ‘waiting’.
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That’s because we don’t want to focus on any action, we just want to express the
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situation – that he became the CEO in June and he’s still the CEO.
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Here’s another example: “They’ve been married for 25 years / since 1992.”
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When did they get married?
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In 1992.
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Are they still married now?
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Yes.
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So, they’ve been married for 25 years now.
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OK, so what about ‘had been’?
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Well, let’s change our sentences a little bit: “I had been working as a teacher for
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7 years when I quit my job.”
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Ah, we see a different meaning here.
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It means that I started working as a teacher at some point in the past, I was a teacher
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for 7 years, but then I quit.
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So now, I am no longer a teacher.
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I want you to notice that there are two past actions here: one continuous action (“I
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had been working as a teacher”) and a single finished action at the end of that (“I quit”).
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Compare this to the previous sentence – “I have been working as a teacher” – here,
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there is only one continuous action and it’s still continuing, it’s not finished.
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So, please remember this rule: only use ‘had been’ if there were two events in the past:
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a continuing action or a situation and a single, finished action.
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So let’s go back to the other sentences.
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With these, we can say: “She had been waiting for two hours when the doctor finally arrived.”
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“He’d been the CEO of the company for only four months when it went bankrupt.”
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‘Went bankrupt’ means the company lost all its money and closed down.
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“They had been married for 25 years when they divorced.”
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So are they still married?
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Unfortunately, no.
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Just like the sentences with ‘have been’ and ‘has been’ are in the present perfect
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tense, the sentences with ‘had been’ are in the past perfect tense.
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Now, if you need, stop the video, and make sure you understand the difference between
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‘have been’, ‘has been’ and ‘had been’, and then play the video and continue.
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OK, let’s now move on to the second use of these forms.
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This is in the passive voice to talk about recent actions.
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Now, I recently needed to buy some computer parts.
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So I went to Amazon.com and I bought a mouse and a keyboard.
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After I received the items, I got an email from Amazon.
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It had this line: “Your items have been delivered.”
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What does that mean?
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Well, it means the same thing as: “We have delivered your items” (‘We’ means Amazon).
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This sentence is called an active voice sentence and, here, the focus is on ‘We’.
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But Amazon wants to focus on the items because that’s what’s important in this situation.
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So, instead, they use d the passive voice: “Your items have been delivered.”
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This means that the items were delivered just now – maybe a few minutes or hours ago.
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Now, when I receive the items, I can say: “The items have been received.”
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It means “I have received the items.”
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Here’s one last example: there’s a construction company in my city.
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The build buildings.
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They started a big construction project in my neighborhood a few months ago.
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And now: The company has completed the big construction project.
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The problem with this active voice sentence is that it focuses too much on the company.
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We want to focus on the project.
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So how can we change this to the passive voice?
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Can you do it?
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Well, we can say: “The big construction project has been completed.”
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Very simple.
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OK, but how do we use ‘had been’ in the passive?
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Again, we only use it if there were two actions or events in the past.
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Remember the mouse that I bought online?
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Unfortunately, two days after I got it, it stopped working.
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Such a shame.
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So now I can say: “When the mouse stopped working, it had been purchased just two days
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ago.”
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Notice that we indicate the first event with ‘had been’ (‘it had been purchased just
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two days ago’) and the second event with just the simple past tense – ‘the mouse
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stopped working’.
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With ‘had been’ you can mention the time – ‘two days ago’.
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For the second sentence, we can say: “The construction project had just been completed
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when the company started another one.”
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Alright, this is the second use of have been, has been and had been.
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So, let’s turn to the third and final use.
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Thankfully, this is the easiest, and it is to talk about the experience of visiting places.
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For example: “We’ve been to Hawaii four times.”
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This just means that we (maybe I’m talking about my family) – we have visited Hawaii
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a total of four times in our lives.
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This sentence is not about continuing actions or passive voice or anything difficult.
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It just tells you about our life experience.
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Here, it’s very important to note that we don’t mention a specific time.
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You cannot say “We’ve been to Hawaii last year.”
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That’s a common mistake.
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If you want to say the specific time, you just say “We went to Hawaii” or “We
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visited Hawaii last year.”
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When you say ‘have been’ or ‘has been’ don’t mention the time – because you are
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talking about life experience.
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We also use this form in questions: “Have you ever been to Japan?
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Yes, I’ve been there twice.”
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It’s also common to use this form in the negative: “He has never been to Italy.”
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It means he has never visited Italy.
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Alright, how about ‘had been’ in this context?
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What is the rule with ‘had been’ – do you remember?
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Only use it if there are two actions or events in the past.
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So here’s an example: “When she traveled to the US in 2015, she had never been abroad
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before.”
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So it means: she went to the US in 2015, but that was her first visit.
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Before that point, she had never travelled outside her own country.
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Now, ‘had been’ might still be a little confusing for you, but with a little bit of
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practice it will become very easy and natural.
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Alright, if you’re ready, it’s now time for the quiz.
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There are ten sentences on the screen.
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I’d like you to fill in the gaps with ‘have been’, ‘has been’ or ‘had been’.
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Stop the video, think about your answers, then play the video again and check.
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Alright, here are the answers.
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How many did you get right?
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Let me know in the comments section below.
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If you liked this lesson, give it a thumbs up by hitting the like button.
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to get my latest lessons right here on YouTube.
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Happy learning and I will see you in another lesson soon.
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