Learn How to Use English Prepositions with JenniferESL - Lesson 1 - Introduction

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2014-09-11 ใƒป English with Jennifer


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Learn How to Use English Prepositions with JenniferESL - Lesson 1 - Introduction

496,746 views ใƒป 2014-09-11

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:13
Prepositions are words like
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š”
00:15
from, to, with, before...
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from, to, with, before์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Prepositions are usually short words.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์งง์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
They may be little words,
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์ž‘์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ ์ˆ˜
00:24
but prepositions can create a lot of confusion.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
In this series of lessons,
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์ด ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ
00:30
we're going to look at some common prepositions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:33
that people easily confuse.
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.
00:45
Let's go over the basics.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
Prepositions have objects.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Prepositions generally come before nouns, pronouns, and gerunds.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
Let's talk more about the different kinds of objects a preposition can have.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:07
A preposition can come before a noun, a noun phrase, or a noun clause.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ ์•ž์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
A preposition can also come before more than one kind of pronoun.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
And finally, a preposition can be followed by a gerund or a gerund phrase.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
Prepositions and their objects form prepositional phrases.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
We need prepositions to give information
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:19
about time, location, direction, reasons...
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์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์œ„์น˜, ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ, ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š”
02:24
There are different ideas and different relationships
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:28
that prepositions help us express.
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.
02:31
Generally speaking, we'll find prepositions toward the end of a sentence.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ
02:36
We can start a sentence with a prepositional phrase,
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๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:40
for example:
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02:45
But often we find the prepositional phrases
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02:48
toward the end, after the verb.
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.
02:50
For example:
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์˜ˆ:
02:56
Some sentences may have two objects.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
In that case, you likely have a direct object
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด
03:03
and indirect object.
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์™€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ...์„ค๋ช…...๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
03:15
Here's an example.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€...
03:17
What am I doing right now?
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ: give (something) to (someone)
๋‚˜๋Š”
03:25
Explanation...Grammar
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ
03:28
Two objects.
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03:29
What am I giving?
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‹น์‹ "์„
03:31
An explanation.
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์ด์ „ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ.
03:33
give + explanation
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03:35
verb + direct object
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03:37
About what?
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03:38
About grammar.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ์งง์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
"Grammar" is my indirect object
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
03:43
-- object of "about."
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
What if I say...?
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
03:56
You...Explanation...Grammar
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
In this case, what I'm really saying is...
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์—์„œ
๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
.
04:06
With this structure: give (something) to (someone)
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ TO์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
I'm allowed to separate
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04:12
the preposition and its object
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04:14
and move that pronoun "you"
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๋ช…๋ฃŒํ•จ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
04:16
to an earlier position.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
Again, these little words can create some confusion.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:26
And I hope through this series of lessons
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04:29
to reduce that confusion for you.
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๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์ด์ „ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์•ž. ("to" ์ƒ๋žต.)
04:39
For now, just know that in most cases
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์–ด์ˆœ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
04:42
a preposition is directly followed by its object.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
But as you saw, there are times
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
04:48
when we can separate or need to separate
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04:51
the object from its preposition.
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04:53
This happens with the preposition TO.
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๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:59
For clarity or for emphasis,
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์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Lobby"์™€ "noon"์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
we leave the preposition and object together.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
But if I don't need to stress who or what
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์ฐธ๊ณ : ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ
05:11
is doing the receiving,
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์™€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
05:14
I can move the object to an earlier position.
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์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
After the verb and before the direct object. (With "to" omitted.)
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05:27
We also see separation of a preposition and its object
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์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
05:31
in questions.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋™์‚ฌ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๋ช…์‚ฌ....
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„, ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š”
05:45
While we're talking about word order
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05:47
and sentence structure,
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๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
let me ask you a question.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:51
In this sentence how many objects do you see?
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05:57
Hopefully, you see two.
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06:00
Is one of them a direct object?
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06:05
No. "Lobby" and "noon" are objects of prepositions.
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06:10
We have two prepositional phrases.
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06:13
Note: When we have a prepositional phrase of place
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06:17
and a prepositional phrase of time
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06:20
place usually goes before time.
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06:31
Another important thing to note
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06:33
is that prepositional phrases give information
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06:37
about a certain part of a sentence.
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06:40
A verb, an adjective, a noun....
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06:43
And the prepositional phrase usually follows
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06:47
whatever part it's giving information about,
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06:51
whatever part it's modifying.
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06:53
Look at these examples.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด?
๋‹ต์ด ํ‹€๋ ธ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ๊ทธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ’€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ
ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
11:49
So how did you do on that quiz?
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11:52
Don't worry if you got some answers wrong.
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11:55
I hope that after several more lessons on prepositions
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11:59
you'll come back and take that quiz again.
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12:02
Then I hope you'll find it much easier.
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12:05
Until then, thank you for watching
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12:07
and happy studies!
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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