2 HOUR English Vocabulary Lesson: Political Vocabulary MASTERCLASS

22,484 views ใƒป 2024-11-13

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome to this two hourย  English vocabulary master class.
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2์‹œ๊ฐ„์งœ๋ฆฌ ์˜์–ด ์–ดํœ˜ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:04
In this master class, we are goingย  to use the topic of politics.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •์น˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
You are going to learn importantย  political vocabulary and you'reย ย 
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ ,
00:14
going to learn important everydayย  vocabulary using political news.
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์ •์น˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ƒ ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
First, in this master class, let'sย  focus on important political vocabulary.
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๋จผ์ €, ์ด๋ฒˆ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ์–ดํœ˜์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฐ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Nonpartisan is an adjective that means not aย ย 
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๋ฌด๋‹นํŒŒ์ (Nonpartisan)์€
00:33
member or connected withinย  a group or political party.
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๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด๋‚˜ ์ •๋‹น์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:38
The Community Center is hosting aย  nonpartisan forum to discuss local issues.
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ ํฌ๋Ÿผ์„ ์ฃผ์ตœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
So this forum is not relatedย  to a specific political party.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํฌ๋Ÿผ์€ ํŠน์ • ์ •๋‹น๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
The opposite of that is partisan.
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š” ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด๋‹ค.
00:54
This is also an adjective and it's stronglyย  supporting a person, principal or political party.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ, ๊ต์žฅ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋‹น์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
The audience was very partisan andย  refused to listen to her speech.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
And that's why I said thisย  lesson is nonpartisan becauseย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
it's for everyone regardless of political beliefs.
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์ •์น˜์  ์‹ ๋…์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
So if you're excited to learnย  this vocabulary, put let's go.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:20
Put let's go in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ž.
01:22
And don't worry about taking notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:27
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
So we have nonpartisan, partisan,ย  and there's also bipartisan.
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๋ฌด๋‹นํŒŒ, ๋‹นํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
Have you heard this before?
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์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:36
This is an adjective, and it's supportingย  by or connected to two political parties.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ, ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
And that's the word by which represents 2.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด 2๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
The government released aย  bipartisan public health campaign,ย ย 
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ดˆ๋‹น์  ๊ณต์ค‘๋ณด๊ฑด ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
so this campaign was supported by orย  connected to two political parties.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์€ ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‘ ์ •๋‹น๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
01:58
Technically, try partisan,ย ย 
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์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
02:00
which means three, or quadri partisan,ย  which means 4, and you can keep going.
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3๋ช…์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ฅดํ‹ฐ์ž”(partisan) ๋˜๋Š” 4๋ช…์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” 4๋ถ„ํ•  ํŒŒ๋ฅดํ‹ฐ์ž”(quadri partisan)์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Technically, those terms exist, but they'reย  not widely used, at least in North America.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
Our long standing nonpartisan traditionย  is to make decisions objectively,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ค๋žœ ์ดˆ๋‹นํŒŒ์  ์ „ํ†ต์€
02:16
based only on the best available evidence.
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์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋งŒ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌํ•ด๋Š”
02:19
There are concerns that highly partisan volunteersย  could try to intimidate voters this year, but.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ธ ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
This is a bipartisan bill thatย  authorizes more than $7 billionย ย 
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์ด๋Š”
02:27
so that initiatives like Feed theย  Future endure well into the future.
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Feed the Future์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋‹ˆ์…”ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ณ„์† ์ง€์†๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก 70์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์Šน์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ดˆ๋‹น์  ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Now let's quickly review theย  politics because I hear studentsย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
02:35
using this word incorrectly because ofย  the grammar of the sentence structure.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:40
Politics is a noun.
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์ •์น˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค.
02:42
This means the activities of government,ย  but it also means an area of study.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
For example, Maria is studying politics.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
The area of study.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ.
02:54
She's studying politics at university.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
Or perhaps you're at the dinner tableย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:00
and someone could say let's not discussย  politics, the activities of government.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ •์น˜๋‚˜ ์ •๋ถ€ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:07
Let's not discuss politics at dinner.
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ๋•Œ ์ •์น˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง™์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:11
Now, don't confuse this with the wordย  political, which is an adjective.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ ์ •์น˜์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
03:15
This means relating to politics, butย  it also means interested in politics.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •์น˜์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •์น˜์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
And did you notice that the noun has?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ has๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
03:25
That's on it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
03:27
If you follow my channel and if you'reย  new here, make sure you subscribe.
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๋‚ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ์˜ค์‹  ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ผญ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:32
If you follow my channel, you'llย  know that I use political articles,ย ย 
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์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •์น˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ, ์ •์น˜
03:37
news articles related to the study ofย  politics to teach you my students English.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:44
But the lessons are non partisan.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋‹นํŒŒ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
The focus of the lesson is teachingย  you vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation.
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์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์€ ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
It's not to support or comment on a political.
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์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋…ผํ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
Party.
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ.
03:57
Or interest.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ด€์‹ฌ.
03:58
So remember, you can say Jasper'sย  very political as the adjective orย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Jasper๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ •์น˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:04
you can say Jasper's interestedย  in politics, the study the noun.
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Jasper๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ธ ์ •์น˜์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
And of course you already know politician.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ •์น˜์ธ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
This is a noun and this is a member ofย  a government or lawmaking organization.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ •๋ถ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž…๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
Ahmed is a politician.
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์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š”
04:24
Don't forget that article because this is aย  job title and we use articles with job titles.
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์ง์œ„์ด๊ณ  ์ง์œ„๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
04:31
Ahmed is a politician, but most ofย  his life he wasn't very political.
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์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ‰์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
I wrote about politics, economics,ย  and corporate affairs, and I couldย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ •์น˜, ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๊ธฐ์—… ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ผ๋Š”๋ฐ ,
04:42
have chosen to specialize in any of those fields.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์•ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
I wasn't really political, Iย  was just a French horn player.
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์ €๋Š” ๋”ฑํžˆ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ”„๋ Œ์น˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฅธ ์—ฐ์ฃผ์ž์˜€์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1900๋…„๋Œ€
04:50
One newspaper from the earlyย  1900s quoted a politician whoย ย 
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์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์€
04:54
said the Modi's had always beenย  loyal to the British Empire.
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Modi ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€์˜์ œ๊ตญ์— ์ถฉ์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ธ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Now let's talk about a constituency.
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์ด์ œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
This is a noun, and it's a bodyย  of voters in a specific area.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ์ง‘๋‹จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
And these voters, they elect a representative.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
But remember this word constituency.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:13
It refers to the whole body as one unit.
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๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„์ฒด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
05:17
The politician worked hard to addressย  the concerns of his constituency.
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๊ทธ ์ •์น˜์ธ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์†ํ•œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์šฐ๋ ค ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:24
You could also say his constituents.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
So notice we have constituentsย  or the plural form constituents.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:34
This is a noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
And it is simply.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜
05:36
Referring to all voter or votersย  in the plural in a specific area.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:43
So I could say I'm one of your constituents.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
I one of the people who can.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค.
05:49
Vote for you if I choose.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:51
Because I'm in this specific geographical areaย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์— ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:55
or a politician could say my constituentsย  will be pleased with this new initiative.
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์ •์น˜์ธ์ด ๋‚ด ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณ„ํš์— ๋งŒ์กฑํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
The constituency that he or she wasย  running for an office to represent.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์ง์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
Now, in states where judges are popularlyย  elected, they have constituents.
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์ด์ œ ํŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์—๋Š” ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
Now let's review some comments vocabulary,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—
06:15
and I want you to pay attentionย  to the sentence structure.
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์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:19
She voted in an election.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
So notice you vote in andย  then an election, an election.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํˆฌํ‘œํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ, ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:27
That's the noun form she voted for.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Amen.
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์•„๋ฉ˜.
06:32
So you vote for a person, you vote in an election.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
And of course the verb is vote.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
So you conjugate that based on yourย  subject, Comet is running for mayor.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด Comet์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
Notice you can run for a politicalย  position, in this case mayor.
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์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์œ„์น˜(์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ์žฅ)์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ๊ณ ์œ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:51
You don't need an article here in front ofย  mayor because mayor is considered a proper noun.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹œ์žฅ ์•ž์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:58
You could also say Ahmed is a candidate for mayorย  or Ahmed is campaigning for the position of mayor.
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๋˜ํ•œ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ ํ›„๋ณด ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ย Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ์ง์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
You could add the positionย  of but you don't need to.
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์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
So you could just say Ahmedย  is campaigning for mayor.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
So nearly a third of theseย  students voted in an election.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํ•™์ƒ ์ค‘ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
But they all, just for some reason,ย  voted for the war and he starts runningย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋“  ์ „์Ÿ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š”
07:25
for mayor and getting and doingย  really, really well in the polls.
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์‹œ์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋ก  ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์žฅ
07:29
It is just as illegal to make aย  foreign donation to a candidateย ย 
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ํ›„๋ณด๋‚˜ ๋ณด์•ˆ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:33
for mayor as it or a sheriffย  as it is for the presidency.
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๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
So let's say it's election nightย  and all of the constituents votedย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜ค๋Š˜์ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ผ ๋ฐค ์ด๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๊ฐ€
07:44
for their party of choice, theirย  person of choice, and guess what?
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ •๋‹น, ์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
Ahmed won the election andย  it was a landslide victory.
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Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
This means that Omet won by a large margin.
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์ด๋Š” Omet์ด ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
So the margin means the numberย  of votes for or against.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งˆ์ง„์€ ์ฐฌ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
In this case, a large marginย  could be 70% of the votes were 4.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํฐ ๋งˆ์ง„์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํˆฌํ‘œ์˜ 70%๊ฐ€ 4์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
Omet and 30% were against him.
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Omet๊ณผ 30%๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
You could also say a clearย  margin using that word clear.
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Clear๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋ฐฑ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
You could say it was a.
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a์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
Clear cut victory.
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๊น”๋”ํ•œ ์Šน๋ฆฌ.
08:23
Nobody can say that the results aren't conclusive.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
7030 that's conclusive.
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7030 ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
08:30
Ahmed won.
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์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
You could say it was an underdog victory.
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์•ฝ์ž์˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
This means that nobody expected Ahmed to win.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
He was the underdog.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
You could.
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08:43
Also say it was an upset.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ํ•œ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
An upset.
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ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
08:47
This means that everyoneย  expected someone else to win.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
It was an upset.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
But now let's say that Ahmed lost the election.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํŒจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
We could also say it was an upset,ย ย 
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
09:02
but in this case everyone expectedย  Ahmed to win, but he didn't.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์Šฌ
09:08
We could say it was a narrow defeat,ย  or you could say it was a close call.
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์•„์Šฌํ•œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์•„์Šฌ ์•„์Šฌํ•œ ์Šน๋ถ€์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
This means that Ahmed lost, but by a small margin.
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์ด๋Š” Ahmed๊ฐ€ ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทผ์†Œํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
So maybe it was 51 to 49.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 51 ๋Œ€ 49๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
That would be the smallest margin possible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์ง„์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
You could say it was a crushing defeat.
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์ฐธ๋‹ดํ•œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
This means Ahmed lost by a large margin.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ Ahmed๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ํŒจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
So 70% of people didn't voteย  for Ahmed, only 30% did.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 70%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„ํ๋ฉ”๋“œ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  30%๋งŒ์ด ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
It was a crushing defeat, keep in mind.
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์ฐธ๋‹ดํ•œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜€์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:46
That you can use this vocabulary about.
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์ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
Winning and losing for sportsย  recruitment or any competition.
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์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๋ชจ์ง‘ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์˜ ์ŠนํŒจ.
09:55
Germany's leading far right partyย  suffered a narrow defeat in regionalย ย 
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๋…์ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ทน์šฐ ์ •๋‹น์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์  ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ์ง€์—ญ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์•„์Šฌ์•„์Šฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:59
elections in one of its strongholds.
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.
10:03
It was a close call.
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์•„์Šฌ์•„์Šฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
I mean, things almost didn't workout.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ์ผ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์šด๋™๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
King Ben Haddad the first attacks from aroundย  Damascus, what today would be known as Syria,ย ย 
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๋ฒค ํ•˜๋‹ค๋“œ(Ben Haddad) ์™•์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋‹ค๋งˆ์Šค์ฟ ์Šค ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด
10:10
forcing the north to retreat in crushing defeat.
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๋ถ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํŒจํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›„ํ‡ด์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
Now let's talk about to impeachย  a politician's nightmare.
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์ด์ œ ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ ์•…๋ชฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ„ํ•ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:18
This is a verb, and it means toย  formally accuse a public officialย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์„
10:23
of a serious crime in connection with their job.
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์ง๋ฌด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
Did you know that in history, threeย  US presidents have been impeached?
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
10:33
This means three US presidents have been accusedย  of a serious crime related to their position.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น 3๋ช…์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง์œ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜์˜๋กœ ๊ธฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
Can you name one out of the three?
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์…‹ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:43
Well if you follow my learn Englishย  with the news lessons, I'm sure you can.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด โ€‹โ€‹๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
So put one of those names in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฆ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
10:52
So three have been impeached accused, but 0ย  presidents have been forced to leave office.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 3๋ช…์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ง€๋งŒ 0๋ช…์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๊ฐ•์ œ ํ‡ด์ž„๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ„ํ•ต์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง์œ„์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„๋œ
11:01
You could also say that 0 presidents haveย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ 0๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:04
been removed from their positionย  as a result of the impeachment.
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.
11:10
Now notice here impeachment is the noun form.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํƒ„ํ•ต์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž„์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:14
It's talking about the accusation as a noun.
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๊ณ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
If a politician is forced to leave office orย  removed from their position, this means fired.
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์ •์น˜์ธ์ด ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ํ‡ด์ž„๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง์ฑ…์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ํ•ด๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
But we only use that termย  in non political positions.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •์น˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
So in a non political positionย  you would say Yevgenya was fired.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น„์ •์น˜์  ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ธŒ๊ฒŒ๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
She's an employee and the company or the boss.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง์›์ด๊ณ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
Fired her.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
But for political positions, you can say removedย  from office or forced to leave their position.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์น˜์  ์ž…์žฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ง์œ„์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ์ง์œ„์—์„œ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
So three US presidents have been impeached,ย  0 have been forced to leave office.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น 3๋ช…์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , 0๋ช…์€ ํ‡ด์ž„๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
But did you know that former Presidentย  Richard Nixon, he stepped down,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ๋‹‰์Šจ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๊ณ 
12:03
he resigned before he was officiallyย  impeached For a non political position.
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๋น„์ •์น˜์  ์ž…์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์‹ ํƒ„ํ•ต๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
12:10
You would use the word quit or you canย  use resigned, but quit is more common.
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quit์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ Resigned๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ quit๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
Yevgenya quit 3 presidents have been impeached,ย  Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton and Donald Trump.
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์˜ˆ๋ธŒ๊ฒŒ๋ƒ ์‚ฌ์ž„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น 3๋ช…( ์•ค๋“œ๋ฅ˜ ์กด์Šจ, ๋นŒ ํด๋ฆฐํ„ด, ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„)์ด ํƒ„ํ•ต๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
Trump is likely to be theย  first to be impeached twice.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ํƒ„ํ•ต๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
Whether they're removed from their positionย  or if they're otherwise discipline dueย ย 
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์ง์œ„์—์„œ ํ•ด์ž„๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:28
to concerns about harassment, bullying,ย  retaliation, or hostile working conditions.
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๊ดด๋กญํž˜, ๋”ฐ๋Œ๋ฆผ, ๋ณด๋ณต ๋˜๋Š” ์ ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง•๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
12:33
Well anyway, it got a lot betterย  and by the time I stepped down.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚˜์•„์กŒ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚  ๋ฌด๋ ต์—๋Š”์š”.
12:38
We had the Internet, but while running,ย  you know, at high speed, it was marvelous.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
I mean, we were awash in cash.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ด ๋„˜์ณ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
I just mentioned former President Richard Nixon.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ๋‹‰์Šจ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
Let's review the word incumbent.
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ํ˜„์ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
This is a noun and it's the currentย  holder of a political office or position.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณต์ง์ด๋‚˜ ์ง์ฑ…์„ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
The incumbent president.
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ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
The current president isn'tย  running for re election.
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ํ˜„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์žฌ์„ ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ
13:02
That's a story I did a learn English withย  the news on, so make sure you watch it.
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๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ด๋‹ˆ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:08
So subscribe if you haven't already.
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์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:10
Now let's review to lobby.
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์ด์ œ ๋กœ๋น„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
This is a verb and is to try to influenceย  a politician or public official.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต์ง์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:19
The company spent millions on lobbying efforts,ย  so in this case it's being used as an adjective.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋กœ๋น„ ํ™œ๋™์— ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
It describes the efforts the incumbentย  president, the current president,ย ย 
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ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด
13:32
faced impeachment accusations of a serious crime.
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์ค‘๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜์˜๋กœ ํƒ„ํ•ต์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค.
13:37
Here it's the noun form forย  secretly meeting with lobbyists.
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๋กœ๋น„์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์— ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
So right here, the word is a noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
A lobbyist is someone who lobbies.
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๋กœ๋น„์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ๋กœ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‹ค.
13:49
How about this word?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:50
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:52
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:53
Isn't that fun to say?
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๊ทธ ๋ง์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€๊ฐ€?
13:54
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:55
Say it out loud.
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ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:57
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
13:58
Do you know what this is?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
14:00
Well, it's both a verb and a noun,ย ย 
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๋ญ, ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
14:03
and it's a long speech that someone makes toย  delay or prevent a new law from being made.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฒ• ์ œ์ •์„ ์ง€์—ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ง์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
She filibustered the bill.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ์˜์‚ฌ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
So here it's a verb, and it's in theย  past simple form, the filibuster.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์ธ filibuster์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
So here it's a noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
The filibuster lasted for over 10 hours.
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ํ•„๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์Šคํ„ฐ๋Š” 10์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์†๋๋‹ค.
14:29
Remember a long speech?
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๊ธด ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
14:31
Filibuster.
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ํ•ด์ .
14:33
And yes, it's a filibuster.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
The filibuster is on.
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ํ•„๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์Šคํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
Now let's focus on everydayย  vocabulary using political news.
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์ด์ œ ์ •์น˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์–ดํœ˜์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:41
Of course, Joe Biden is the president,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด์ง€๋งŒ
14:44
but did you know that he quit the presidentialย  race and he will end his term in January 2025?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์„  ์ถœ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ณ  2025๋…„ 1์›”์— ์ž„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
14:52
Now let's review the news articleย  that discusses his decision to.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:56
Quit first.
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๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘์„ธ์š”. 2024๋…„ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์—์„œ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š”
14:57
I'll read the headline inside Biden's historicย  decision to drop out of the 2024 race.
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Biden์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
15:07
So first, let's take a look at this phrasal verb,ย ย 
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๋จผ์ € ์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:09
because it's very importantย  to understand the story now.
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.
15:13
You drop out of something.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์—์„œ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
This means that you withdraw from, you leave.
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์ฆ‰, ํƒˆํ‡ดํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒˆํ‡ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
You officially and formally withdraw or leave.
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๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋– ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
You drop out.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ค‘ํ‡ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
So Biden is no longer running for presidency.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋Œ€์„ ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
He dropped out.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ค‘ํ‡ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
We commonly use this with education as well.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ต์œก์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
For example, Mark Zuckerberg dropped out of.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด Mark Zuckerberg๋Š” ์ค‘ํ‡ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
So notice you need this additionalย  preposition of when you identify theย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
15:48
location of university of College of his program.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
Or you can also use it in a race or competition.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:57
Now, if you don't specify the location,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
16:00
you don't need to use the preposition of Markย  Zuckerberg went to Harvard, but he dropped out.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Mark Zuckerberg๋Š” Harvard์— ๊ฐ”์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘ํ‡ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
I don't need to say of Harvard of University,ย ย 
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Harvard of University์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋งํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
because I already set theย  context, so it's obvious.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
So you only include of if you use theย  race competition or school program.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ๋Œ€ํšŒ๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ~์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
The meaning is the same to withdraw or leave.
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๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
Just important.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์š”.
16:28
We don't use this for the workplace.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:32
If you leave your position permanently, you quit.
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์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
You don't drop out.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ค‘ํ‡ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
For example, I quit my job at Facebookย  because we're talking about Mark Zuckerberg.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €๋Š” Mark Zuckerberg์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Facebook์—์„œ ์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:44
So I permanently left myย  job and I voluntarily left.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์„ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ณ  ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
It was my decision to leave.
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๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
Now the past simple of the verb to quit is quit.
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์ด์ œ quit ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ quit์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
Last week I quit my job at Facebook.
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ์ €๋Š” Facebook์—์„œ ์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:00
So you can use drop out for school programs,ย  education programs, a race or competition,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•™๊ต ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ, ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ, ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” drop out์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
17:07
but you use the verb to quitย  when it comes to employment.
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์ทจ์—…์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
Don't worry about taking these notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
17:16
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
U.S.
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17:22
President Joe Biden has endedย  his re election campaign.
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์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์žฌ์„  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹น์„ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
17:28
So notice how they add re election campaignย  because he had already been elected.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์žฌ์„  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
17:37
He's currently president.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
So we add re in front of aย  verb when the action is again.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์ž‘์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋  ๋•Œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— re๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:44
So he's campaigning again.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:47
And notice that pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:48
We have a strong E sound, a long E re re election,ย  re election, repeat after me re election.
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๊ฐ•ํ•œ E ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ธด E re reelection, reelection, after me re Election์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:57
You might be thinking right now,ย  I'll need to re watch this lesson.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ' ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:02
I'll need to watch this lesson againย  because you're learning so much.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:08
You need to re watch it andย  that's exactly what you should do.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
U.S.
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18:13
President Joe Biden has ended.
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์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
18:16
Notice this is the present perfectย  because it's a completed pass action.
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์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋™์ž‘์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
He ended it yesterday or three days ago.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํ˜ ์ „์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”.
18:26
So it's a completed pass action, but thereย  is a result in the president present.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํŒจ์Šค์•ก์…˜์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ฐธ์„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
18:31
So now, so now we will have a new candidate.
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์ด์ œ, ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:37
So he has ended his reย  election campaign and endorsed.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์žฌ์„  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
Now this is a mistake I see students make.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒ”ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:46
If you have the same sentence andย  you have one action and you haveย ย 
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋™์ž‘์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ณ 
18:52
a specific verb conjugation, the present perfect.
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ํŠน์ • ๋™์‚ฌ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:55
If you have and your next verb needs toย  have the same conjugation previously,ย ย 
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „์— ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
19:03
because you read this as two actions, Presidentย  Joe Biden has ended his re election campaign.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์žฌ์„  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:11
Joe Biden has endorsed Vice President Kamala,ย  but notice here they didn't include the has.
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Joe Biden์€ Kamala ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” has๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:21
So if it's an if there's an auxiliary verb,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
19:25
you can drop it, but it's alwaysย  correct to include the full verb.
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์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ „์ฒด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:31
So if you're not sure, then just includeย  the auxiliary verb and has endorsed.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์Šน์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:38
When you endorse someone or something, it meansย  you publicly support that someone or something.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:46
So if a celebrity endorses a product,ย  they publicly support that product.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ ๋ช…์ธ์ด ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋ณด์ฆํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:53
They say, I really like this drink,ย  for example, they endorse that drink.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:59
So Joe Biden has endorsed Vice President Kamalaย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์€ ์นด๋ง๋ผ
20:04
Harris to succeed him as theย  Democrat Democratic candidate.
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ํ›„๋ณด๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
When someone Kamala Harris Whenย  someone succeeds someone else,ย ย 
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When someone Kamala Harris ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ž‡๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
20:16
it means that they take overย  that person's position or role.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ง์œ„๋‚˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
So Kamala Harris is taking over Joeย  Biden's role as Democratic candidateย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Kamala Harris๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ ๋๋‚ด๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ํ›„๋ณด๋กœ์„œ Joe Biden์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ด์–ด๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:29
in an extraordinary decision that up ends anย  already dramatic race for the White House.
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.
20:37
Upend.
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20:37
This is a verb.
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๋’ค์ง‘๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:39
Upend.
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20:39
Repeat after me.
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๋’ค์ง‘๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
20:41
Upend that means to drastically change or disrupt.
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Upend๋Š” ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:47
So it has more of a negative feel to it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์š”.
20:52
Now the verb is conjugated in thisย  subject because it has an S here.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:57
So it's conjugated in the presentย  simple third person singular andย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ ,
21:02
is conjugated with in an extraordinary decision.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์—์„œ with๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
So a decision it top endsย  an already dramatic race.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์žฅ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ๋„
21:13
You can use this in many situations, most likelyย  at work, but also in your personal life as well.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:20
You might say the PM quit.
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PM์ด ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:22
PM is short for projectย  manager is a common acronym.
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PM์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:27
The PM quit, remember quit, permanently left theย  position, but it was also a voluntary decision.
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PM์ด ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:38
The PM said I quit, the PM quit and itย  completely upended our project timeline.
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PM์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ณ , PM๋„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ผ์ •์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:46
It disrupted or dramaticallyย  changed our project timeline.
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ผ์ •์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:52
Now remember, upend is a verb.
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์ด์ œ upend๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:54
So here I have it in the past,ย  simple upended because it's in an Ed.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Ed์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋’ค์ง‘ํžŒ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:59
You need that ID at the end upended.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ID๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:02
Repeat after me upended very good.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์ง„ ํ›„์— ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
22:06
Mr.
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22:06
Biden 81.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ๋Š” 81์„ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:08
This is his age rather than saying who is 81,ย  you can just put the number here with two commas.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ 81์„ธ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์‰ผํ‘œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋กœ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:17
Mr.
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22:18
Biden 81 said in a Sunday written statementย ย 
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  81์„ธ๋Š” ์ผ์š”์ผ ์„œ๋ฉด ์„ฑ๋ช…์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ž„ ์™ธ์— ๋ณต๋ฌดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ
22:23
that it was the greatest honorย  to serve but his withdrawal.
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๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜๊ด‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:28
So notice this is the noun formย  before we saw two withdraw,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์€
22:34
that is the verb, but withdrawal, withdrawal.
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๋™์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜, ์ฒ ์ˆ˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
22:39
Repeat after me withdrawal, his withdrawal.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํƒˆํ‡ดํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ทธ์˜ ํƒˆํ‡ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
This is the noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ํšŒ๋ผ๋Š”
22:45
There is a noun form for the verbย  withdraw, which is withdrawal.
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๋™์‚ฌ ์ฒ ํšŒ์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:51
Now, if that isn't the case,ย  for example, the verb drop out,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋™์‚ฌ drop out์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
22:56
you can just take that verb and put it in theย  ING, but have a possessive his dropping out.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ING์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ his drop out์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:04
Or we can use the verb to withdraw his draw,ย  withdrawing but his withdrawal, the noun form.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฌด์Šน๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ฒ ํšŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ธ ์ฒ ํšŒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฒ ํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฒ ํšŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:12
But here we're treating this as a noun,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
23:15
but his dropping out was in the bestย  interest of my party and the country.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํƒˆ๋ฝ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‹น๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ด์ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:22
Notice that some words have quotations around it.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:26
It means that these two words were in theย  written statement and they're directly quoted.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ฉด ์ง„์ˆ ์„œ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ง์ ‘ ์ธ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:35
So Joe Biden said the two words greatest honor.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜๊ด‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:39
He also said in the best interestย  of my party and the country.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‹น๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:44
So he said these words directlyย  in the written statement.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์„œ๋ฉด ์ง„์ˆ ์„œ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์ง์ ‘ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:48
The other words he did not sayย  directly in the written statement.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ฉด ์ง„์ˆ ์„œ์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง.
23:54
So that's how we know as the reader that theseย  words are coming directly from Joe Biden.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…์ž๋กœ์„œ ์ด ๋ง์ด Joe Biden์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„
24:01
Let's practice this sentence structure inย  the best interests of someone or something,ย ย 
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์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
24:08
and notice the sentence begins with something toย  be in the best interest of something or someone.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
24:16
So it's always important to understand the fullย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
24:19
sentence structure so you know howย  to confidently use these expressions.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:24
So here you can say it's it is.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:27
It's in the best interest of.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ด์ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:30
We always use interest in singular.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:33
So it doesn't matter if the noun is plural.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:36
This is an idiomatic expression in theย  best interest of someone or something.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ด€์šฉ์  ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
24:43
It's in the best interest of my studentsย  you to subscribe to subscribe to my channel.
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๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด์ต์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:51
So make sure you subscribe right now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
24:53
And why is it in your best interest?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด์ต์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
24:58
Because my channel will help youย  improve your English for free.
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๋‚ด ์ฑ„๋„์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:03
So make sure you subscribe.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ผญ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
25:05
Now you could also say it's in your best interest.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด์ต์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:09
If you are talking to one person or a groupย  and you want to address them more personally,ย ย 
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ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
25:17
it's in your best interest to subscribe.
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๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
Of course, you can change the verb to whateverย  you want, but notice here we have the infinitive.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:27
You can also start with a gerund expression.
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:30
So in this case, I can say subscribing inย  the article, it's withdrawing, dropping out.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋… , ํƒˆํ‡ด, ํƒˆํ‡ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:39
In this case, subscribingย  is in the best interest of.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตฌ๋…์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:44
So this is your idiom that you need toย  remember to be is in the best interest ofย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. is is bestinterest of
25:52
and then someone or something, my students,ย  if you agree that that it's in your bestย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ
25:58
interest to subscribe or studentsย  best interest to subscribe,ย ย 
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์ด์ต์ด ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•™์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด์ต์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
26:03
then put that's right, put that'sย  right in the comments below.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. , ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐ์žฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
26:07
And notice there are three differentย  ways to communicate this one idea.
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์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:12
This is often the case in English.
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:15
Get comfortable with one, practice it.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
26:18
And then when you're comfortable with it,ย  you can practice other structures as well.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
But don't feel like you need to learn allย  these different ways at the same time.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ํ•œ
26:26
Just take it one step at a time andย  that's why I'm here to help you.
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๋ฒˆ์— ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์”ฉ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:31
So again, put that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
26:35
The announcement, the announcementย  that Joe Biden has dropped out.
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๋ฐœํ‘œ, ๋ฐœํ‘œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์ด ํƒˆ๋ฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐœํ‘œ.
26:43
We can use the present perfect because it's aย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
26:45
completed pass action withย  a result in the present.
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์žˆ๋Š” ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:49
The announcement caps aย  tumultuous period in US politics.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜์˜ ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:56
The verb to cap means to conclude theย  announcement concludes a tumultuousย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ to cap์€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์ง“๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ,
27:04
repeat after me tumultuous, tumultuousย  a tumultuous tumultuous is an adjective.
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me tumultuous, tumultuous a tumultuous turultuous๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:13
It means full of confusion, change or uncertainty.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€, ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:18
So it's describing the period,ย  this time in US politics.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:24
It's a tumultuous period, which beganย ย 
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27:28
with his sometimes incoherent debate performanceย  against Donald Trump on July or June 27th.
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7์›”์ด๋‚˜ 6์›” 27์ผ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ผ๊ด€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ† ๋ก  ํผํฌ๋จผ์Šค๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:38
Incoherent means not clear or sensible.
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์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:42
So you could say her explanation was incoherent.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ 
27:46
Hopefully you're not thinkingย  that this lesson is incoherent.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:52
It's not clear to you, or myย  explanations aren't sensible.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด ์„ค๋ช…์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:57
They're not easy to understand.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:59
I explain tumultuous in such a confusingย  way that to you it's incoherent.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋– ๋“ค์ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:08
So we, I know many of my students mightย  think well, my English is incoherent,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ œ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
28:15
but we don't generally use thisย  because someone might make a mistake.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„
28:19
It's because I did such a bad jobย  of explaining the word tumultuous.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž˜๋ชป ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค .
28:25
It's a simple explanation, but I explained it inย  a very complicated way, a very ineffective way.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ธ๋ฐ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ์•„์ฃผ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ–ˆ๋„ค์š”.
28:35
You could describe my explanation asย  incoherent, which would be frustrating for you.
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๋‚ด ์„ค๋ช…์ด ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:43
Now, we also use this if people are inย  a really difficult emotional situation.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฐ์ •์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:51
So I might be so upset that I tried toย  explain something to you, but it's incoherent.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์†์ƒํ•ด์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„ค์š”.
28:58
My words aren't coming out clearlyย  or sensibly because I'm so upset.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์†์ƒํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
29:04
She was so upset that she was incoherent.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:08
Now they're saying that his debateย  performance was sometimes incoherent.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ํ† ๋ก  ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:14
So sometimes he was not clear or sensible.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ„๋ณ„๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:18
Mr.
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29:18
Biden says he will remain president until January.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด 1์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ง์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:23
Remember, he is currently president, but currentlyย  there is also an election for the next president.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
29:32
He was a candidate for that election to beย  the next president, but he has dropped out.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:41
So now he is no longer theย  candidate for the next president,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ํ›„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
29:46
but he is the current president,ย  which will be until January.
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๊ทธ๋Š” 1์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž„๊ธฐ์ธ ํ˜„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:53
Miss Harris 59.
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๋ฏธ์Šค ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค 59์„ธ.
29:55
So remember, this is how we state someone's ageย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
29:58
rather than saying who is 59, just Miss Hera,ย  59, said that she was honored to be endorsed.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ 59์„ธ์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” 59์„ธ์˜ ํ—ค๋ผ ์–‘์ด ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์˜๊ด‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:08
Remember what endorsed means publicly supported,ย ย 
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์Šน์ธ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์›๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:14
now here to be endorsed becauseย  she's receiving the endorsement.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šน์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:21
So it's passive.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†Œ๊ทน์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:23
Miss Harris was endorsed by Joe Biden.
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๋ฏธ์Šค ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Miss Harris)๋Š” ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ (Joe Biden)์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:29
That's the passive Joe Biden endorsedย  Miss Harris, so that's the active.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ Joe Biden์ด Miss Harris๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™์  ํƒœ๋„ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:36
So that's why here we have to be endorsed.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:40
I wrote the passive and the active there forย  you to see adding she would earn and win thisย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ง€๋ช…์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ˆ˜๋™ํ˜•๊ณผ ๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜•์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:48
nomination because remember, they're still inย  process of of nominating candidates for president.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:58
So she has to earn and win this nomination.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ์ง€๋ช…์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜๊ณ  ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:03
While Miss Harris has beenย  picking up endorsements.
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๋ฏธ์Šค ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Miss Harris)๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ.
31:08
So here to pick up endorsements,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด
31:13
it means receiving endorsementsย  from many big figures in the party.
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๋‹น์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ๋ช… ์ธ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:20
So big figures.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:21
This represents prominent people.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:25
She's a big figure.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํฐ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:27
She's a prominent person.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:30
Notice here they use the word endorsements.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด์ฆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:33
Endorsements in the plural.
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ์ง€์ง€.
31:35
This is the noun form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:37
So if you endorse someone, itย  means you publicly support them.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:42
And then an endorsement is seeing it as aย  something the public support the endorsement.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์ง€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ด ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:51
So you might ask someone,ย  can I have your endorsement?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ' ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ณด์ฆ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:56
That's the same thing as can you endorse me?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:00
So you can use the noun or the verb,ย  but the sentence structure would change.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:04
I wrote those two examples, one with theย  noun form and one with the verb form.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:10
Now, although we use endorsement a lotย  in a competition, to say you supportย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ๋ณด์ฆ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
32:17
one person in a competition, you can alsoย  use it just to say you support someone.
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๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:23
You support me and my channel and thisย  YouTube video and you can endorse me.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ €์™€ ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„, ์ด YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:30
You can show your endorsement by liking thisย  video, subscribing, sharing it with your friends.
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์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  , ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ฒœ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:37
So if you endorse me, can you endorse me?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜
32:40
Can I have your endorsementย  put absolutely in your chat,ย ย 
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์ฑ„ํŒ…์— ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์žฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
32:44
in the chat to say you publicly supportย  me and I would greatly appreciate that.
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์ฑ„ํŒ…์—์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:50
So please, can I have yourย  endorsement put absolutelyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์— ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ถ”์ฒœ์„ ๊ผญ ๊ธฐ์žฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
32:55
in the chat if you're willingย  to give me your endorsement.
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.
32:59
And thank you very much.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:00
I take that seriously.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:03
She is yet to be officially nominated.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:07
So notice how they have She isย  yet to be officially nominated.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ›„๋ณด๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
33:13
There's another commonย  sentence structure for this.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:16
You can say she hasn't beenย  officially nominated yet,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ,
33:23
but it's very common to say she is yet to beย  officially nominated and that the officialย ย 
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์•„์ง ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ
33:31
nomination, and that may not happen untilย  the Democratic National Convention in August.
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์ง€๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” 8์›” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ์ „๋‹น๋Œ€ํšŒ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
33:38
In the wake of Mr.
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33:40
Biden's decision, what's his decision to drop out,ย ย 
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ์˜ ํƒˆ๋ฝ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,
33:46
right to drop out of the race or if you don'tย  specify the something, just to drop out.
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๊ฒฝ์„ ์—์„œ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ช…์‹œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:53
Mr.
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33:53
Trump declared the president was not fit to runย  and is certainly not fit to serve in the wake of.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ , ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ์—๋„ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ ์–ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:03
So if you use this expression,ย  you have to use it correctly.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:07
You need in the wake of andย  then something, in this case Mr.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
34:15
Biden's decision.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:16
And this means following his decisionย  or as a result of his decision.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:22
But remember in the wake of, in the wake of,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
34:26
repeat after me, in theย  wake of, in the wake of Mr.
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34:30
Biden's decision.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
34:31
So after following, Mr.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜จ ํ›„
34:34
Trump declared now it's importantย  to understand alternatives.
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ ์–ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:40
For example, declare is an alternative.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์„ ์–ธ์€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:42
To the verb say.
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๋™์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋‹ค.
34:44
But to declare means to sayย  something firmly, firmly or publicly.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:51
So he didn't just say it, heย  declared it, which sounds stronger.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„ ์–ธํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
34:57
He said it firmly, Mr.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:00
Trump declared, said firmly.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:03
The president, Joe Biden, wasย  not fit to run in this case.
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์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:09
To run means to run for future presidencyย  because you run for a public position,ย ย 
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์ถœ๋งˆํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต์ง์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ง์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
35:19
which means you want that position.
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์ด๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง์ฑ…์„ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:22
You are officially a candidate for that position.
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๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ›„๋ณด์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:26
So that's what this to run means.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐจ๊ธฐ
35:29
It means to run for president, theย  next president, and here not fit.
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๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๋ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:36
Not fit.
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์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:37
To.
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35:37
Run for president, not fit to serve to serveย  as president, his current role as president.
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์—๊ฒŒ. ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ง์„
์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์ถœ๋งˆ , ๊ทธ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์—ญํ• .
35:47
If you're not fit to do something,ย ย 
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๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด,
35:49
it means that you're not suitable orย  it's not appropriate for whatever reason.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋“  ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:56
So you hear this a lot in a workplace environment.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:01
She's very experienced, but she's not a good fit.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:06
Notice here I use the noun form.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:09
She's not a fit, and thenย  an adjective is a good fit.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ ํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:15
If I use the verb form, I would say, but she's notย  fit for this position, not fit for this position.
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๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด 'ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ์œ„์น˜์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์œ„์น˜์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:29
So it means that the positionย  is just not suitable for her.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง์œ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:34
It's not appropriate for her.
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๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:36
Maybe is she doesn't have theย  specific skills or personality needed.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:44
So hopefully you think that I'mย  fit to be your English teacher.
477
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:49
I'm suitable and appropriate.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:51
Hopefully you think that because youย  already gave me your endorsement, right?
479
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์…จ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ 
36:55
Hopefully you did by sayingย  absolutely in the comments.
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์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
36:59
Other senior Republicans joined him,ย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณ ์œ„ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์›๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ์™€ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:03
him being Donald Trump, becauseย  Donald Trump is a Republican.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์›์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:09
Other senior Republicansย  joined him in their criticism,ย ย 
483
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ๊ณ ์œ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋น„ํŒ, ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์˜ ๋น„ํŒ์— ๋™์ฐธํ•˜๋ฉฐ
37:14
the Republican Party'sย  criticism, and called on Mr.
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37:19
Biden to leave the White House immediately.
485
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ด‰๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:23
So remember, he's currently president.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:25
So they're saying he should leave the White House,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:28
he should no longer be president, notย  just the Democratic candidate candidacy.
488
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ํ›„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
37:34
So he said, I'm not goingย  to run for future president.
489
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:38
But the Republicans are sayingย  he should leave immediately.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:42
Immediately means right now, not tomorrow,ย  not next week, not in January, right now.
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์ฆ‰์‹œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ 1์›”์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:51
And here called on.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ „ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:53
So the Republicans called on Mr.
493
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์€
37:57
Biden to leave the White House immediately.
494
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ด‰๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
38:00
So it means they formally or publiclyย  demanded that he leave the White House,ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
38:07
that he say I will no longer be president.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:12
Mr.
497
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38:12
Biden had faced intense scrutinyย  since his debate performance in June.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 6์›” ํ† ๋ก  ์—ฐ์„ค ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:20
Less than two weeks ago, he hosted a highย  profile summit with NATO leaders in Washington.
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2์ฃผ๋„ ์ฑ„ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์—์„œ NATO ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ด๋ชฉ์„ ๋„๋Š” ์ •์ƒํšŒ๋‹ด์„ ์ฃผ์ตœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:28
The occasion, the occasion being the highย  profile summit with NATO leaders in Washington.
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋Š” ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ NATO ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์„ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ด๋ชฉ์„ ๋„๋Š” ์ •์ƒํšŒ๋‹ด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:35
All of this is represented as theย  occasion, the occasion, the event.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ–‰์‚ฌ, ํ–‰์‚ฌ, ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:42
You could say as well, theย  occasion did little to calm nerves.
502
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:48
So notice this pronunciation that L is silent.
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L์ด ๋ฌต์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
38:52
It's calm om om calm.
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์กฐ์šฉํ•ด์š” ์˜ด ์˜ด ์กฐ์šฉํ•ด์š”.
38:57
Calm did little to calm nerves meansย  that the something, in this case,ย ย 
505
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Calm์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
39:04
the occasion, the event didn'tย  reduce anxiety, tension, nervousness.
506
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์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ, ๊ธด์žฅ, ์ดˆ์กฐํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:09
All of that would be nerves.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:13
So to calm nerves means toย  reduce anxiety, tension,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ, ๊ธด์žฅ,
39:19
nervousness or other similar negative emotions.
509
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์ดˆ์กฐํ•จ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:22
But in this case, the event didn't do it.
510
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:25
It did little to calm nervesย ย 
511
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39:28
within his own party, with him mistakenlyย  introducing Ukrainian President Zelenskyย ย 
512
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ ค ๋ Œ์Šคํ‚ค ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„
39:35
as President Putin and appearing to referย  to Miss Harris as Vice President Trump.
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ํ‘ธํ‹ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์”จ๋ฅผ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‹น ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:44
So these are two examples as to whyย  the occasion did little to calm nerves.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:53
The focus will now be on the party's Nationalย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ดˆ์ ์€
39:57
Convention, which is scheduledย  to start on August 19th.
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8์›” 19์ผ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ ๋‹น์˜ ์ „๋‹น๋Œ€ํšŒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:03
Remember to always pay attention toย  your prepositions because they'reย ย 
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š”
40:07
specific to verbs or idioms or sentence structure.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆ™์–ด, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”.
40:11
In this case with the verb orย  in this case noun, the focus.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋งž์ถฐ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:16
This is a noun form the focus, butย  you can use it as a verb to focus.
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์ด๋Š” ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:23
You need to focus on your sentence structure.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:28
The focus of this lesson isย  on on sentence structure.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:33
So you need that preposition on and noticeย  you can use focus as a noun and a verb.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:40
I wrote those two examples today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ทธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:42
We'll focus on sentence structure.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:45
And this is at the end of our lesson,ย  so I could put this in the past.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:48
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
40:49
Today we focused focused with a soft T.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด T๋กœ ํฌ์ปค์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:54
We focused on sentence structure.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ํฌ์ปค์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งž์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:57
Yes, we did.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”.
40:58
And to use it as a noun form, the focusย  of this lesson is on sentence structure.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:06
Again, because I'm sharing this at the very endย  of the lesson, I could change my verb to the past.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ˆ˜์—… ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:12
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
41:13
The focus.
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์ดˆ์ .
41:14
Sorry, this should be of the focus ofย  this lesson was on sentence structure,ย ย 
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
41:22
so you could have these in theย  future, present, simple, or the past.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ˜•, ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•, ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜• ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:28
Just remember to change your verbย  tense depending on the time reference.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
41:31
And don't forget to look at sentenceย  structure and look at prepositions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
41:37
And that is the end of the article.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:39
So now I'll read the article fromย  start to finish and you can focus onย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:44
my pronunciation Inside Biden's historicย  decision to drop out of the 2024 race.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ 2024๋…„ ๊ฒฝ์„  ํƒˆ๋ฝ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:52
U.S.
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41:53
President Joe Biden has ended his reย  election campaign and endorsed Viceย ย 
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์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์žฌ์„  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ ์ข…์‹์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
41:58
President Kamala Harris to succeedย  him as a Democratic candidate inย ย 
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์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ํ›„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ์ง€์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
42:03
an extraordinary decision that up ends anย  already dramatic race for the White House.
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.
42:10
Mr.
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42:10
Biden, 81, said in a Sunday written statementย  that it was the greatest honor to serve.
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81์„ธ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ๋Š” ์ผ์š”์ผ ์„œ๋ฉด ์„ฑ๋ช…์—์„œ ๋ด‰์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜๊ด‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:17
But his withdrawal was in the bestย  interest of my party and the country.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ์˜ ํƒˆํ‡ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‹น๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ด์ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:22
The announcement counts aย  tumultuous period in US politics,ย ย 
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์ด ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋Š”
42:26
which began with his sometimes incoherent debateย  performance against Donald Trump on June 27th.
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6์›” 27์ผ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ† ๋ก  ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜์˜ ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:34
Mr.
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42:34
Biden says he will remain president until January.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด 1์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ง์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:38
Miss Harris, 59, said that sheย  was honored to be endorsed,ย ย 
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59์„ธ์˜ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์”จ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์˜๊ด‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ
42:43
adding she would earn and win this nomination.
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์ด ํ›„๋ณด๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง๋ถ™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:47
While Miss Harris has been picking upย  endorsements from many big figures inย ย 
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์”จ๋Š” ๋‹น์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฌผ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
42:51
the party, she is yet to be officially nominated,ย ย 
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์•„์ง ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜
42:55
and that may not happen until theย  Democratic National Convention in August.
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์œผ๋ฉฐ 8์›” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ์ „๋‹น๋Œ€ํšŒ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ง€๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:01
In the wake of Mr.
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43:02
Biden's decision, Mr.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
43:03
Trump declared the president was not fitย  to run and is certainly not fit to serve.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ์”จ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์žฌ์ž„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ ์–ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:10
Other senior Republicans joined himย  in their criticism and called on Mr.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ๊ณ ์œ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๋ฉฐ
43:15
Biden to leave the White House immediately.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์„ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:18
Not just the Democratic candidacy, Mr.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ํ›„๋ณด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
43:21
Biden had faced intense scrutiny sinceย  his last debate performance in June.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์”จ๋Š” 6์›” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ† ๋ก ํšŒ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
43:28
Less than two weeks ago, he hosted a highย  profile summit with NATO leaders in Washington.
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2์ฃผ๋„ ์ฑ„ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์—์„œ NATO ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ด๋ชฉ์„ ๋„๋Š” ์ •์ƒํšŒ๋‹ด์„ ์ฃผ์ตœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:34
The occasion did little to calmย  nerves within his own party,ย ย 
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์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‹น ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ,
43:38
with him mistakenly introducingย  Ukrainian President Zelensky asย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ ค ๋ Œ์Šคํ‚ค ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„
43:43
President Putin and appearing to referย  to Miss Harris as Vice President Trump.
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ํ‘ธํ‹ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์”จ๋ฅผ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:50
The focus will now be on theย  party's National Convention,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ดˆ์ ์€
43:53
which is scheduled to start on August 19th.
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8์›” 19์ผ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ ๋‹น์˜ ์ „๋‹น๋Œ€ํšŒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:56
Now, let's keep going and focus on news headlinesย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
44:00
that discuss the debate that took placeย  between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump.
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Kamala Harris์™€ Donald Trump ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:06
Now let's review our first headline.
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์ด์ œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:10
This might be a little smallย  depending what device you're using,ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ค‘์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ
44:14
but don't worry because I have it bigger onย  the next slide, which I'll share with you.
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์—์„œ๋Š” ๋” ํฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
44:19
But let me read this to you and I wantย  you to let me know in the comments.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:24
If you're watching live, that's awesome.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋กœ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:26
And if you're watching the replay still,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ง๋„ ๋ฆฌํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
44:28
I want you to let me know in the commentsย  which words you don't understand.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:33
Is there anything about the grammar orย  maybe you're not sure about pronunciation?
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‚˜์š”? ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ 
44:38
Let me know what you wantย  to review in the comments.
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์‹ถ์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
44:41
And I've chosen some vocabulary that I think willย  be very helpful for you to add to your speech.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:48
So the headline is Harris.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:50
Harris is, of course, Kamala Harris,ย  one of the candidates for president,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ํ›„๋ณด ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค์ด๋ฉฐ,
44:56
and she will be participating in the presidentialย  debate, which takes place tonight, September 10th.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 9์›” 10์ผ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ํ† ๋ก ํšŒ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:04
Harris relents on muting debate microphones.
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Harris๋Š” ํ† ๋ก ์šฉ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊บผ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:09
This text is.
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์ด ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:10
Quite small.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:11
Don't worry, I'll show it to you.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:12
Larger.
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๋” ํฌ๋‹ค.
45:13
The vice president, Who is Kamala Harris?
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Kamala Harris)๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€?
45:17
The vice president made an unsuccessful push toย ย 
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๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์€
45:21
have Donald Trump's microphone left on when itย  wasn't the former president's turn to speak.
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์ „์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋ฐœ์–ธํ•  ์ฐจ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์ผœ๋‘๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:29
OK, so let me know which words you don'tย  understand, what doesn't make sense to you,ย ย 
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด, ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋‹จ์–ด,
45:35
what confuses you, and we'll review this together.
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:39
Now, I am very happy that Meerkat Loverย  2004 wants to know what relents means.
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์ด์ œ Meerkat Lover 2004๊ฐ€ relents์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:48
Because I figured, I figured,ย  I knew I had an idea.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:53
I figured my students wouldn'tย  know what relents means.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด relents๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:57
So let's review that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:00
OK, so this is the first choice here.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ ํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:06
Harris relents on muting debate microphones.
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Harris๋Š” ํ† ๋ก ์šฉ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊บผ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:10
Now another student wants to knowย  what does the word Harris mean?
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด Harris๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:14
This is very important.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:16
The name of this woman is Kamala Harris.
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์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Kamala Harris)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:20
Harris is her last name justย  like my name is Jennifer Forrest.
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๋‚ด ์ด๋ฆ„์ด Jennifer Forrest์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ Harris๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:25
But in news headlines, oftenย  they just use the last name.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‰ด์Šค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:31
So if someone was talking about me, they wouldย  say Forrest, but her last name is Harris.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด Forrest๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ฑ์€ Harris์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:38
OK, so let's talk about relents.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ relents์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
46:41
Now to relent.
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์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค์ž.
46:42
This is a verb, so notice that conjugation.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
46:45
It's in what verb tense?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
46:47
What verb tense is this everyone Harris relents.
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
46:50
What verb tense?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ? ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋ฉด
46:51
You can put it in the commentsย  to relent on something.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:55
This is a verb and it means to finallyย  agree to do something or accept something,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€
47:01
but that you have been resisting or opposing.
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๋งŒย ย  ์ €ํ•ญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:06
So basically this means at firstย  you said no, I'm not doing it,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์•ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜
47:12
but then you relent and youย  say OK fine, I'll do it.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ณ  ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ• ๊ฒŒ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:19
So you change your stance,ย  you change your opinion,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ , ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ ,
47:24
you change what you agreed to or accept it.
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๋™์˜ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:28
For example, I told my kids theyย  can't watch the debate, so I said no.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:35
For whatever reason, it's tooย  late or I don't want them.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋“  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:39
It's too mature or adult for them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ฅธ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:42
I don't want them watching it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:43
So I told my kids they can't watch the debate.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:47
But in the end I relented.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„
47:50
I relented, which means I change my opinion,ย  I change my mind, I change what I said.
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๋ˆ„๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋œจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ , ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ , ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:59
So it means my kids can watch the debate.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:04
Because I relented, I relented.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ›„ํšŒํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ›„ํšŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:08
Remember, this is a verb,ย  so you need to conjugate it.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
48:12
And who knew what Harris relents?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ›„ํšŒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
48:15
What's that verb tense?
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๊ทธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
48:16
We have some answers here, Lugio said.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Lugio๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:19
Present simple, exactly Roosevelt,ย ย 
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ œ์‹œ, ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋Š” Roosevelt๋Š”ย ย  Harris๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ธ Kamala Harris๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ
48:23
present simple third person exactly becauseย  Harris represents Kamala Harris, a woman.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ 3์ธ์นญ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
48:29
She relents.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํŽธํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:31
She relents.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํŽธํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:32
And don't forget you have to add that asย  on 3rd person singular and Pete said given.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋กœ Pete๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
48:39
Exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
48:40
Relent is another way of saying given.
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Relent๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:43
Given.
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์ฃผ์–ด์ง„.
48:44
I gave in, I gave in.
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I give in, I give in.
48:46
So it means I finally said yes to somethingย  I originally said no to or the opposite.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›๋ž˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:55
I say no, but I originally said yes.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›๋ž˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:59
Vasily wants to know what muting means.
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Vasily๋Š” ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:02
OK, so if I mute my microphone, thatย  would be if my microphone were muted,ย ย 
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:10
it means the sound of my microphone is turned off.
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์ด๋Š” ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊บผ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:15
You cannot hear it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:17
So this means that originally Kamala Harrisย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์›๋ž˜ Kamala Harris๊ฐ€
49:22
wanted the microphones to beย  muted, but then she relented.
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๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์ค‘์—๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ˆ„๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋œจ๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:27
She changed her opinion.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:30
OK, now let's move on.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:32
What other words don't you understand from this?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
49:35
Let's review it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
49:37
Oh, and of course, if you're liking thisย  lesson, well then hit like subscribe.
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์•„, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋… ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
49:42
So you're notified every time I post a new lesson,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜, ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  '
49:46
a live lesson or a regular lessonย  and put yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes.
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์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:50
So I know you like the style of lesson because Iย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—… ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
49:53
want to make sure I'm creatingย  lessons that are helping you.
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.
49:57
So let me know if you like this lesson.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹œ๋ฉด ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
50:00
OK, so our next we know Harrisย  relents on muting debate microphone.
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์ž, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Harris๊ฐ€ ํ† ๋ก ์šฉ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:06
So notice you relent on doing something.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
50:09
You need that gerund verb afterย  on because on is a preposition.
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on์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ on ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:13
The vice president, who is Kamala Harris?
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๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Kamala Harris)๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€?
50:17
The vice president Kamalaย  Harris made an unsuccessfulย ย 
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๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Kamala Harris)๋Š”
50:21
push to have Donald Trump's microphone left on.
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์ผœ๋‘๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:26
If the microphone is left on, itย  means you can hear the sound fromย ย 
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๋งˆ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ „์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋ฐœ์–ธํ•  ์ฐจ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
50:31
the microphone when it wasn't theย  former president's turn to speak.
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.
50:36
So let's review push to have.
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์ด์ œ push to have๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:39
But notice here it's a noun because you haveย  all push to have, an unsuccessful push to have.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ‘ธ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ‘ธ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
50:48
So push in this context is a noun all push.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ push๋Š” all push๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:52
But this is commonly used in theย  verb form to push to do something.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:58
When you push to do something,ย  it you make a strong effort orย ย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์ผ ๋•Œ, ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
51:03
attempt to achieve or influenceย  something, so you might push.
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๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:08
To.
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51:08
Have live lessons every day.
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์—๊ฒŒ.
๋งค์ผ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
51:12
How could you do that?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
51:13
Will you constantly send me an e-mail sayingย  Jennifer you should have a live lesson every day?
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์ผ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹ค ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
51:20
So by you trying to influenceย  my decision, you're pushing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:25
You're.
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51:25
Pushing to have a live lesson every day.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€.
๋งค์ผ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:31
Now let's look at this example.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:32
I pushed to watch the debate because rememberย  my kids, I said, no, you can't watch the debate.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:41
So this could be my child saying I pushed to watchย  the debate so the child could say please, please.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ '์ œ๋ฐœ, ์ œ๋ฐœ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:49
But I really want to.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •๋ง ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”. ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ
51:50
It's important for me to learnย  this information, please, please.
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ œ๋ฐœ, ์ œ๋ฐœ.
51:54
So it's trying to influence me to achieve this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:58
Now you could also say I pushed someone.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:01
I pushed my mom to let me watch the debate.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—„๋งˆ์—๊ฒŒ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:06
I pushed Jennifer to post live lessons every dayย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์ผ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:13
so you can push or push someoneย  to do something, Yousef said.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Yousef๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:19
And everyone comment using these examples,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:22
this is the best way to practice so youย  permanently remember this information.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
52:27
And I am happy to give you feedbackย  as well to as many students as I can.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:33
I push myself to dedicate myย  time to learn more from you.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ• ์• ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:38
Well, that's very nice.
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์Œ, ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€๋ฐ์š”.
52:39
So you push yourself, you encourage yourself, youย  influence yourself, you push yourself, Ricky said.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์ด๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  Ricky๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:48
I push myself to speak because remember,ย  you need the infinitive to do something.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
52:54
I push myself to speak English every day.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:57
That is an excellent example.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:59
Great job, Ricky, keep doing it.
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ๋ฆฌํ‚ค, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
53:03
OK, so let's keep going everyone.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค๋“ค ๊ณ„์† ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
53:08
And we have a different headline.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:11
So here on the left, we have Kamala Harris, who isย  currently the vice president of the United States.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์™ผ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Kamala Harris)๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
53:19
Remember, it's the United States.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:22
It's an exception.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:25
Countries don't have articles, Canada,ย ย 
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค, โ€‹โ€‹๋…์ผ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
53:29
France, Germany, but the Unitedย  States, you need that article.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:33
And then, of course, on the right, weย  have former President Donald Trump.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:38
And tonight, September 10th,ย  they are having a debate, debate.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  9์›” 10์ผ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:44
OK, so this headline reads no hot mic moments.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—๋Š” ํ™”๋ˆํ•œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์นจํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
53:49
What else to know about the Harris versusย  this V with a period represents versusย ย 
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋Œ€ ์ด V์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€
53:57
versus Trump debate.
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๋Œ€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:59
So Harris versus Trump, Harris against Trump.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋Œ€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„, ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋Œ€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„.
54:03
Here's where the saga on microphone muting landed.
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๋งˆ์ดํฌ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๊ณณ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:09
We're actually going to lookย  at this small font below.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ธ€๊ผด์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:13
But if there's something youย  don't understand in this headline,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
54:17
let me know and I will answer that for you.
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์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:22
OK, before we move on, I reallyย  like this example from Theophil.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— Theophil์˜ ์ด ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:29
Parents push their children, it's justย  their children, their children know asย ย 
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์ด๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๋…€์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ
54:36
their children because there is all readyย  for plural their children to study hard.
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์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ชจ๋“  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—ย ย ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๋…€๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:41
Exactly, exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์š”, ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์š”.
54:43
And I push my students to learn moreย  advanced vocabulary, but I do it inย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋„๋ก ๋…๋ ค ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ €๋Š”
54:49
a way to help you because I teach it toย  you fully and I'm here to support you.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:55
Very nice examples, everyone.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
54:56
I love it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
54:58
OK, so here's where the sagaย  on microphone muting land it.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:04
Do you know what a saga is?
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์‚ฌ๊ฐ€(saga)๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
55:06
This is used a lot in books movies.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฑ…, ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:10
You might think of Lord of theย  Rings or Star Wars or Harry Potter.
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๋ฐ˜์ง€์˜ ์ œ์™•, ์Šคํƒ€์›Œ์ฆˆ, ํ•ด๋ฆฌํฌํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:16
You could consider that a saga a saga.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:19
This is a noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ค๋“œ
55:21
You can identify nouns because they haveย  an article in the headline is the saga.
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๋ผ์ธ์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 'is the saga'๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:28
But here I just wrote a saga because meansย  any and the is a specific saga a saga.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ' ๋ชจ๋“ '์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠน์ • ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:37
Notice that pronunciation.
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๊ทธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
55:38
I've said it many, many times.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:40
A saga is a long, complicated and oftenย  dramatic series of events or stories.
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๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์€ ๊ธธ๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ข…์ข… ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:49
And that's why I referenced the three,ย  the three that I know of the longest,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธธ๊ณ ,
55:55
most complicated and dramatic stories, Harryย  Potter, Lord of the Rings and Star Wars.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ธ ํ•ด๋ฆฌํฌํ„ฐ, ๋ฐ˜์ง€์˜ ์ œ์™•, ์Šคํƒ€์›Œ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:02
Which saga are you familiar with?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
56:05
There are, of course, many, many, many more.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:08
Which saga are you familiar with?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
56:10
But you can use this in your day-to-day life.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:13
For example, the renovationย  project turned into a saga.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฐœ์กฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:19
So it was supposed to be simple.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ด์•ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:21
They were just going to redo their counters.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์นด์šดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:25
So the counter is where you you put your plates,ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ์นด์šดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ ‘์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋†“๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ณ ,
56:30
you put your cutting board, it'sย  the surface in your kitchen.
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๋„๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๋†“๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:35
So it was supposed to be simple,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
56:38
but then it turned into a a saga turnย  into means became it became a saga.
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์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:46
It became long, complicated, dramatic maybe.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ธธ๊ณ , ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:50
There were a lot of problems, a lot of issues.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:54
It was a lot more expensive than they expected.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋น„์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:58
It took a lot more time than they expected.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:01
It turned into a saga, or thisย  is often used in the media.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์„ค๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:07
The media followed their Liga legalย  saga, their legal saga for weeks.
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์–ธ๋ก ์€ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฒ•์  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ธ Liga ๋ฒ•์  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:14
So there might be a celebrityย  couple and they're getting divorced,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ดํ˜ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
57:19
but it's a long, complicated, dramatic divorce.
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๊ธธ๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆํ‹ฑํ•œ ์ดํ˜ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:24
You can refer to the divorce as a saga, OK?
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์ดํ˜ผ์„ ์ „์„ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
57:30
Muhammad said their relationshipย  turned into a saga exactly.
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๋ฌดํ•จ๋งˆ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:37
But remember Muhammad, it's turn into.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌดํ•จ๋งˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
57:40
So you need that preposition into andย  then you have to conjugate your verb turn.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:45
So this would be in the past simple.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:47
Their relationship turned into a saga.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:52
OK, someone asked about what a hot mic is.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•ซ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:59
Yes.
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57:59
OK, so first of all, a mic is shortย  form for microphone native speakers.
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์˜ˆ.
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:05
We like to take long words and shorten them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:08
For example, most native speakers don'tย  actually say renovation, we say Renault,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ˜์‹ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  Renault๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ 
58:16
we don't say microphone, we say Mike.
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๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  Mike๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:19
This is a mic.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:21
It's a very good quality mic because I want you toย  have a great experience listening to my lessons.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
58:29
So hopefully you think the quality of theย  sound is very good because of this mic.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ๋งˆ์ดํฌ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์Œ์งˆ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:35
Now a hot mic, this is not important vocabularyย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํ•ซ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
58:39
for you in your day-to-day speech,ย  but just to understand the headline.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:43
A hot mic is an active mic.
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ํ•ซ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋Š” ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:47
So right now my mic is hot.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‚ด ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œจ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:49
This is important because imagine at theย  beginning of a debate and I'm talkingย ย 
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ํ† ๋ก ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๋•Œ
58:57
to someone beside me, but Iย  didn't know my mic was hot.
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์˜†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:02
I didn't know my mic was active, was turned on.
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๋‚ด ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ƒํƒœ์ธ์ง€, ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:07
The audience can hear what I'm saying, but Iย  didn't know they could hear what I was saying.
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์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:13
So a hot mic is just an active mic.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ซ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋Š” ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:17
A muted mic means there's no sound.
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์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐ๋œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:21
It's on mute.
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์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:23
OK, excellent questions everyone.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:27
Now you know what a saga is.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:29
So let's keep going becauseย  let's look at the word landed.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Landed๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:33
This is very commonly used, but look atย  the sentence structure where somethingย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
59:38
in this case where the saga on microphoneย  muting all of that represents something.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์Œ์†Œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:44
So where something or where someone landed.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•œ ๊ณณ.
59:49
So this to the word landed means toย  reach a particular point or conclusion.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ง€์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:56
For example, in a business context,ย  you could say where did the board,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:03
the board of directors which nativeย  speakers shortened to just the word board?
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์ด Board๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
60:08
Where did the board land on the salary increases?
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๊ธ‰์—ฌ ์ธ์ƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
60:13
Because grammatically you land on.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:17
Something.
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60:17
So in this case the something is salary increases.
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๋ฌด์—‡.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ธ‰์—ฌ ์ธ์ƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:21
This is basically askingย  what did the board decide?
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์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:27
What was their final conclusionย  about the salary increases?
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๊ธ‰์—ฌ ์ธ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
60:32
What was their decision?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
60:33
What was their position?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
60:36
Where did they land?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ
60:39
You can absolutely use this inย  a everyday social situation.
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์—์„œ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
60:45
For example, my friend could ask me.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:48
Imagining I'm a child, my friend could ask me.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
60:51
Where did your parents land on the debate?
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
60:55
So what did your parents decide?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
60:58
What was their final decision?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
61:01
Where did your parents land?
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ์–ด๋””์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
61:03
Oh.
810
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์˜ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€
61:04
They said I can't watch the debate or myย  parents relented so I can watch the debate.
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ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
61:13
They originally said no, butย  then they changed their opinion.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ํ›„ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:17
They relented.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:20
OK, so maybe remember you wanted to toย  push me to post live lessons every day.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์ผ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์  ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด๋‘์„ธ์š”.
61:32
So you might ask a fellowย  student, where did Jennifer land?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋™๋ฃŒ ํ•™์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:36
Where did Jennifer land on the live lesson?
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Jennifer๋Š” ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
61:41
Is she going to post them daily, Yes or no?
817
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์ผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์˜ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค?
61:45
What was her decision?
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
61:48
All right, everyone.
819
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
61:50
And exactly, Roosevelt, Mikeย  is short for microphone.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด Roosevelt, Mike๋Š” ๋งˆ์ดํฌ์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:55
OK.
821
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
61:56
And Hafiz, The Twilight Saga.
822
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™ฉํ˜ผ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€(The Twilight Saga), ํ•˜ํ”ผ์ฆˆ(Hafiz).
61:59
Absolutely.
823
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์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ.
62:01
That is a great example of a saga.
824
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์˜ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:04
Very nice.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
62:06
All right, everyone, Manuel asked.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๋งˆ๋ˆ„์—˜์ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:12
Landed the conversation.
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:13
It is over.
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๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:15
Land it.
829
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์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
62:16
Yeah, you could say we landed the conversation.
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์˜ˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:18
We reached a particular point or conclusion.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ง€์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:22
But you could ask where did the conversation land?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
62:27
So what was the final result or conclusion of it?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
62:32
Did you reach a a consensus,ย  an opinion, a decision?
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ํ•ฉ์˜, ์˜๊ฒฌ, ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
62:37
For example, where did the conversation land?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‚˜์š”?
62:41
How did the conversation land?
836
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‚˜์š”?
62:42
You could ask that as well.
837
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:47
All right, everyone, excellent job.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ˆ˜๊ณ ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
62:49
And now let's continue on.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:51
We have a new headline.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:53
Do you recognize the man on the right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
62:58
Who knows the man on the right?
842
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
63:01
It's Elon Musk, of course, andย  the man on the left is formerย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—˜๋ก  ๋จธ์Šคํฌ์ด๊ณ , ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
63:06
President Donald Trump who will beย  taking part in the debate tonight.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ํ† ๋ก ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:11
The presidential debateย  tonight being September 10th,ย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ํ† ๋ก ํšŒ๋Š” 9์›” 10์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„
63:14
depending on when you watchย  this, watch this lesson, OK?
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์–ธ์ œ ๋ณด๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
63:22
Muhammad said today, Trump'sย  debate will turn into turn into,ย ย 
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๋ฌดํ•จ๋งˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„
63:28
don't forget that, into turn into a saga.
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์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
63:32
That's a great example and is possible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:35
The debate could turn into a saga.
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๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:38
It could turn into a long, complicated dramaticย  story or event rather than just a debate.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ธธ๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆํ‹ฑํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:48
That's absolutely possible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:52
OK, great example, everyone.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
63:55
Now everyone knows it's Elon Musk.
854
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ Elon Musk๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:00
Very good.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€.
64:01
So let's read this headline together.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
64:04
This is from technology magazine.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์žก์ง€์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:07
Tech Futurists.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ•™์ž.
64:10
Do you know what the word tech is?
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
64:12
Anyone know?
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์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
64:13
Tech tech futurist hash out Harris versus Trump.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ•™์ž๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋Œ€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:19
Notice here there's AVS.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ AVS๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:23
Before we just saw AV.
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AV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š”์š”.
64:25
Both of them are short form for versus.
864
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค vs์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:28
You can just have the V or the VS.
865
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V๋‚˜ VS๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:31
They're both acceptable short forms versusย  Harris versus Trump, Harris against Trump.
866
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋Œ€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„, ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋Œ€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งง์€ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:39
And the small text, whichย  we call the subtext says.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์œ„ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋‚˜์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:44
At a conference in San Francisco Thursday,ย ย 
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๋ชฉ์š”์ผ ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ
64:47
tech wonks aired out their uneaseย  about the upcoming election.
869
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๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œ์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:53
OK, so Roosevelt said.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฃจ์ฆˆ๋ฒจํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:57
Tech.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ .
64:58
Is a short word for technology.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:01
Exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
65:02
And my smart students,ย  everybody knows this already.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์˜ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:06
Well then I didn't need to teach thisย  to you because this is my first point,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
65:11
but I just wanted to make sure everyone knew.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:13
So technology tech notice that K sound tech tech.
877
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ…Œํฌ๋‹ˆ์ปฌํ…Œํฌ๋Š” ์ผ€์ด์‚ฌ์šด๋“œํ…Œํฌํ…Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:19
So it's very common to just say I workย  in high tech, I need tech support.
878
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:25
I bought some new tech nativeย  speakers just use the word tech.
879
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
65:30
But my smart students, you already know this.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด์—ฌ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:33
Everybody knows this.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:35
Awesome.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
65:36
OK, so Ricky wants to knowย  the meaning of hash out.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Ricky๋Š” ํ•ด์‹œ์•„์›ƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:40
And I saw some other studentsย  who also wanted to know that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:44
And don't worry becauseย  that's my next word for you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆด ๋ง์”€์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
65:48
So tech futurist, hash out.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ•™์ž๋‹˜, ํ•ด์‹œํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
65:51
So to hash out, this is a phrasal verb.
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ํ•ด์‹œ ์•„์›ƒํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:53
The main verb is hash, andย  then the preposition is out.
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์ฃผ์š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” hash์ด๊ณ , ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋žต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:57
So you would conjugate the verb hash.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ•ด์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:00
This means to discuss something thoroughly,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ
66:03
and it's usually because you want toย  reach an agreement or find a solution.
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์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:08
So you might say, let's hash out theย  details of the contract before we sign it.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ์— ์„œ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:16
So absolutely Svetlana means discuss,ย  but just remember it sounds like toย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Svetlana๋Š” ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
66:23
discuss very thoroughly, thoroughlyย  means completely, 100% in depth.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ† ๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ, 100% ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
66:31
And also the point is to reachย  an agreement or find a solution.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์š”์ ์€ ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:38
So here they want to reachย  an agreement on the detailsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
66:43
of the contract and they want to hash it out.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:46
So discuss it thoroughly in detail.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
66:50
All right.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
66:53
And and re asks.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:55
Yeah, docs.
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์‘, ๋ฌธ์„œ.
66:56
Exactly.
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66:56
This is another great exampleย  of a shortened word in English.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์ถ•์–ด์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
66:59
Docs is short for documents,ย  but because it's plural,ย ย 
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Docs๋Š” document์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
67:04
we keep that as you could alsoย  say the doc, I sent you the doc,ย ย 
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doc๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด I sent you the doc,
67:10
I sent you a doc and it's singular, butย  I sent you the doc, the docs, the docs.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ doc๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด์ง€๋งŒ doc, the docs, the docs๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:18
OK, so that's plural.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
67:19
Great example.
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์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:21
And Farshad, exactly to hash out, toย  discuss thoroughly, to discuss thoroughly.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Farshad๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•ด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:28
So in an everyday context,ย  you and your your friends,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์™€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ,
67:32
your family, you could hashย  out your vacation plans.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ํœด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:35
It just means you discuss them thoroughly.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:37
But you want to reach a decision.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:40
So you want to decide where are we going?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐˆ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‚˜์š”?
67:42
How are we getting there?
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋‚˜์š”?
67:44
What are we going to do?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
67:47
OK, excellent job everyone.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
67:53
Oh, Youssef asked about unease.
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์•„, ์œ ์„ธํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
67:55
And we will talk about that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:57
I have that highlighted as well.
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์ €๋„ ๊ทธ ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:59
So just one second and then we'll talk about that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:03
OK.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
68:04
And we will also talk about wonks and aired out.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ™ํฌ์™€ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:09
Don't worry, I know whatย  words you won't understand.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์‹ค์ง€๋Š” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:14
All right, let's so let's move on.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:16
What do we have?
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68:16
Tech wonks.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€.
68:18
Do you know what a wonk is?
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์œ™ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
68:20
That's a weird word.
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์ •๋ง ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ค์š”.
68:22
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
68:23
Wonk Wonk wonks, wonks, wonks.
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์›ก ์œ™ํฌ ์œ™ํฌ, ์œ™ํฌ, ์œ™ํฌ.
68:28
Because it's in the plural.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
68:30
All wonk.
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68:30
This is a noun.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์œ™ํฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:32
This is a person who likes toย  think about or study somethingย ย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„
68:36
but who spends a great amount of time doing it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:41
So I understand you like studying English, youย  like studying English grammar, but to qualifyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑท๊ธฐ ์ž๊ฒฉ์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด
68:50
as a walk it would mean you spend a great amountย  of time, far more time than the average student.
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ํ‰๊ท  ํ•™์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:02
So you have to study it 10 times more thanย  the average student to be considered a walk.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค 10๋ฐฐ ๋” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
69:12
But for example, he's a grammar wonk andย  we'll talk about verb conjugations for hours.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:19
So yes, you enjoy learning about English grammar,ย ย 
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๋„ค, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:22
but do you spend 10 times moreย  time than the average student?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค 10๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
69:27
Do you obsess about it and think about itย  and want to talk about it all the time?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง‘์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ ํ•˜๊ณ ย ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‚˜์š”?
69:33
So don't call yourself a wonk simply because youย  like thinking about or studying certain topics.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ดด์งœ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
69:40
You have to really be obsessedย  with those topics and spend theย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๋ง ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ์ง‘์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ 
69:44
majority of your time on thoseย  topics to be considered a wonk.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:50
So what about you?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
69:52
Would you consider yourself a wonk?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
69:54
Remember, you have to be obsessed.
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์ง‘์ฐฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
69:56
Spend way more time than the average student.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:00
It's OK if you're not a wonk.
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๊นกํŒจ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์–ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ
70:01
I don't think you need to be a wonk toย  get amazing results or to become fluent.
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์œ„ํ•ด ๊ผญ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
70:08
OK, so let's move on and talk about aired out.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:11
So to air something out, in thisย  case, the something is there,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์†กํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:17
unease about the upcoming election,ย  That's the something to air something out.
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๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์†กํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:24
This is a phrasal verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:25
The verb is air.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:27
The.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ.
70:28
Verb is air.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:29
Let me repeat that.
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๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:30
The verb is air and then the preposition is out.
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๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ air์ด๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:34
So you have to conjugate theย  verb air as you see it here.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ air๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:38
It's in the past now.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:40
This means to bring issues, thoughts orย  feelings into the open for discussion.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ, ์ƒ๊ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ† ๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:46
But generally these are thoughts,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ,
70:48
issues and feelings that you don'tย  share with the average person.
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๋ฌธ์ œ, ๊ฐ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
70:53
So for example, we went to couplesย  couples therapy to air out our issues.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปคํ”Œ ์ปคํ”Œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:00
So my partner and I, we wanted to to share ourย  feelings, but we wanted to do that in a Safeway.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์™€ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ Safeway์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:10
So when you air out your feelingsย  with your your mother, your father,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ, ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€,
71:15
your sister, your brother, yourย  husband, your wife, your best friend,ย ย 
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์ž๋งค, ํ˜•์ œ, ๋‚จํŽธ, ์•„๋‚ด, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ„ธ์–ด๋†“์„ ๋•Œ, ํ† ๋ก ํ•  ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ
71:18
you would tell them how you truly feel your trueย  emotions for the purpose of discussing them.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
71:26
So we often use this when there is some negativityย  involved, when there's upset feelings involved.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:33
So that's why it's with unease becauseย  unease means it's more of a negative.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:41
So let's look at that unease.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:44
Now notice here this is aย  noun because it's ones unease.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
71:49
There unease there is the possessive,ย ย 
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There anase๋Š” ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ
71:52
but unease is a noun and it's feelingsย  of discomfort, anxiety or worry.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ, ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฑ์ •์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:59
So elections often produce unease in society.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:05
Elections often produce resultย  in, create feelings of discomfort,ย ย 
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์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ข…์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  , ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ,
72:11
anxiety or worry because it's a big change.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ, ๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:14
An election is a big change, and changeย  means uncertainty, and it creates unease.
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์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ด๊ณ , ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:23
But you may be more familiarย  with the adjective I feel uneasy.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ '๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:30
So uneasy is the adjective.
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So uneasy๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:33
Unease is the noun.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:36
I feel uneasy about my exam.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค.
72:39
So if you say this I feel uneasy aboutย  my exam, it means you have feelings ofย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
72:45
discomfort, anxiety or worry, which isย  absolutely a normal feeling to have whenย ย 
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๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ, ๋ถˆ์•ˆ, ๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
72:54
you're taking an exam or going to a jobย  interview or you're speaking in public.
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์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋‚˜ ์ทจ์—… ๋ฉด์ ‘์— ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ.
73:00
So don't worry if you feel uneasyย  or you have unease, you have unease.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:08
Just remember, unease is a nounย  and uneasy is an adjective.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
73:13
So different structures, different grammaticalย  structures, but the meaning is the same.
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:20
All right, Here's a great example.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:26
She's a wonk music, but youย  want to change the order.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—‰๋šฑํ•œ ์Œ์•…์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:31
So it's the something and then a wonk.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์œ™ํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:34
She's a music wonk.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Œ์•… ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:36
I'm a grammar wonk.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:39
She's a music wonk and sings songs all the time.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Œ์•… ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ด๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:45
Exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
73:46
Now, because it's she, youย  need to add that S to sing.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:50
She sings because she in third person singular.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
73:55
You need to add that as but excellent example.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:58
That's a great example.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:59
She's a music wonk.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Œ์•… ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:01
The average person listens toย  30 minutes of music per day.
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ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 30๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:06
I made that up.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
74:07
I have no idea if that is true, but let's sayย ย 
1006
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
74:10
the average person listens toย  30 minutes of music per day.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 30๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:14
She listens to five hours of music per day.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 5์‹œ๊ฐ„์”ฉ ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:19
She's a music wonk, all right,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Œ์•… ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:29
Kumari said.
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Kumari๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:31
I, I have unease or I feelย  unease about speaking to people.
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๋‚˜, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:39
So unease is a noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:42
So you need, you have a sonย  object I, but you need a verb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:46
So you can have this noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:49
You can feel this noun.
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์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
74:51
I have unease about speaking toย  people, and that's totally normal.
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๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:57
Just don't let your unease preventย  you from taking action, OK?
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†”๋‘์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
75:05
Raymond said.
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๋ ˆ์ด๋จผ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
75:06
When you feel uneasy, exactly the adjective.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:10
When you feel uneasy, it's goodย  to have someone to air out.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ„ธ์–ด๋†“์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:15
Yes, exactly.
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๋„ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:16
To talk.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
75:17
This is such a great example, Raymond, toย  talk about your feelings of discomfort,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด๋จผ๋“œ๋‹˜, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
75:23
feelings that normally youย  don't discuss with people.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ, ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:27
Excellent example, really.
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์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:29
Nicely said.
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์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
75:33
Yeah, Svetlana, you can absolutely say Iย  feel uneasy because that's the adjective.
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์‘, ์Šค๋ฒ ํ‹€๋ผ๋‚˜, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
75:39
I feel uneasy about speaking to people.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.
75:42
Exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
75:43
Very nice.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
75:49
Abdurizak said I am a wonk to learn English.
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Abdurizak์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:54
Very nice.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
75:55
Now you might say I am an English wonk.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:00
So have the noun and then just add wonk.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ Wonk๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
76:04
So I'm an English wonk.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:05
So wonk is your noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Wonk๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:07
Excuse me, Wonk is your noun.
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์‹ค๋ก€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Wonk๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:09
And then English can form or can function asย  the adjective to describe what type of wonk.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์œ™ํฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:18
I'm an English wonk.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:20
I'm a music wonk.
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์ €๋Š” ์Œ์•…๊ด‘์ด์—์š”.
76:21
I'm a movie wonk.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๊ด‘์ด๋‹ค.
76:24
I'm a tech wonk.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:26
I'm a finance wonk, so you would have the thisย  topic, the subject and then add the word wonk.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ Wonk๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
76:35
Very nice.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
76:39
MU and Disa said I feel uneasy.
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MU์™€ ๋””์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
76:43
Exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
76:44
I feel uncomfortable feelings of discomfort.
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๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:47
I feel uneasy when anyone asksย  me too many personal questions.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:52
Exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
76:53
Excellent, excellent example.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:55
Really nice OK air out could be it's not exactlyย  the same as to vent, but it's they're closelyย ย 
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์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„์š” OK air out ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํ™˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ
77:10
related but they're not exactly the same, butย  they are closely related Yes I am a YouTube wonkย ย 
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๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ˆ ์ €๋Š” YouTube ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
77:21
exactly excellent job very nice OK, let's continueย  to our next headline so Harris, remember thisย ย 
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์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š” ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Harris,
77:35
woman in the picture is Kamala Harris Harris isย  her last name she's currently the vice presidentย ย 
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์‚ฌ์ง„ ์† ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ Kamala Harris์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Harris๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ€ํ†ต๋ น
77:43
and she is running for president which means sheย  wants to become president tonight, September 10th.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 9์›” 10์ผ.
77:51
There is a debate, a presidentialย  debate, and the election is in November.
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ํ† ๋ก ํšŒ, ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ํ† ๋ก ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” 11์›”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:58
Harris hires rule vote director in bidย  to cut into Trump's battleground margins.
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Harris๋Š” Trump์˜ ์ „์žฅ ๋งˆ์ง„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทœ์น™ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:07
Rule voters in just a handful of states couldย  swing the outcome of the November elections.
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์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๊ฐ€ 11์›” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:16
OK, which words don't you understand?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
78:20
Which words would you likeย  to review in more detail?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
78:24
Well, let's see which ones I chose for you andย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•œ
78:28
then put what other wordsย  you want in the comments.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
78:35
OK, the first word I chose for you is higher.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋” ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:38
I think you already know this word, but I wantย  to just quickly touch on the sentence structure.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:46
So to hire someone.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:48
So hire is the verb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:50
That's why you have the S here,ย  because it's in the present.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:52
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
78:53
This means to give someone a job.
1069
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:56
The company hired me.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
78:58
You hire someone.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:00
Hire is the verb.
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๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:01
In this case, it's the past.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:02
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
79:03
The company hired me because of myย  impressive communication skills,ย ย 
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ
79:10
Because I'm an English wonk, remember?
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:14
OK, now the other way this is commonlyย  used is to use the structure to be hired.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ฑ„์šฉ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:21
I was hired.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:24
I was hired, which means someoneย  gave you a job, you received a job.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฑ„์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ท€ํ•˜๋„ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:31
So just remember that important distinction there.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
79:35
OK, bid, everybody wants to talk about bid.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ž…์ฐฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ž…์ฐฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:38
Oh wow.
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์•„ ์™€.
79:39
And don't worry because we are going to talkย  about bid and we are going to talk about cut into.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž…์ฐฐ๊ณผ ์ปท์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” .
79:47
OK, so let's look at our next one in a bid 2.
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ž…์ฐฐ 2์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:54
So when you see a word like bid, theย  first thing you need to ask yourself is.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž…์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:01
What is the expression?
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ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
80:02
Am I just looking at the word bid or is thisย ย 
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์ž…์ฐฐ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
80:06
an expression that requiresย  other grammar to go with it?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
80:10
Because we need in awe bid to do something.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์ž…์ฐฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:14
Now in the headline there is no articleย  because in news headlines they omitย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‰ด์Šค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ค๋“œ
80:21
articles because the purpose of a headlineย  is to be as short as possible and articles.
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๋ผ์ธ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งง๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:27
The word awe is only there for grammar.
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๊ฒฝ์™ธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:30
It doesn't have any meaning and native speakersย ย 
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์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋„
80:34
understand it without the article,ย  but grammatically it is required.
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๊ด€์‚ฌ ์—†์ด๋„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:39
OK, so it's in a bid to do something.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์ด์•ผ.
80:43
Bid in this case means attempt.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž…์ฐฐ์€ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:46
So you can say in an attempt or inย  an effort to do or achieve something.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„๋‚˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
80:53
So for example, the company launched, whichย  means they made public for the first timeย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:00
the company launched a new product inย  a bid to increase its market share.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์žฅ ์ ์œ ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ถœ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:07
So in an attempt to in order to, to,ย  to do this basically OK in a bid too,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์ฐฐ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€๋งŒ,
81:16
but this is a formal or technical word choice.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
81:20
You can absolutely use this in a more professionalย ย 
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๋”์šฑ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
81:24
context if you're talking to yourย  colleagues in a professional way.
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.
81:29
And you will hear this a lot in the media,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด,
81:31
specifically in a professionalย  or more formal context.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:36
But for you, in your everyday speech, you wouldย  say I'm improving my English to get hired.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:44
Which means in order to get hired,ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ์ฑ„์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
81:47
you would not say I'm improvingย  my English in a bid to get hired.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
81:54
That sounds unnatural because in a bid to isย  only used in a more formal or technical way.
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in a bid to๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:02
So make sure for your everyday use you simplyย  say I'm improving my English to get hired.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฑ„์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ์ค‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
82:10
You can say in order to get higher, butย  native speakers generally don't use in order.
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๋†’์•„์ง€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:16
We just say I'm improving my English to getย  so the infinitive to get higher to get a job,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. to get so ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋Š” get high to get job,
82:22
to get a promotion to pass my IELTS,ย  to move to an English speaking country.
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to get a promotion to pass my IELTS, ์˜์–ด๊ถŒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:29
So you can complete the sentence, I'mย  improving my my English, give me an infinitive.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
82:36
After that, to practice this, I'm improvingย  my English, give me an infinitive.
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๊ทธ ํ›„์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
82:42
All right, now let's move on to our next one.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:47
Cut into Some students wanted to know about this.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:50
To cut into this means to reduce or to encroach.
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์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ถ•์†Œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž ์‹ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
82:55
You probably don't know whatย  the word encroach means.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์นจํ•ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:58
It means to slowly take control or possession.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:02
The easiest way to imagine this is,ย  let's say I have a garden right hereย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ •์›์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
83:07
and there are weeds on the outside of the garden.
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์ •์› ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์ชฝ์— ์žก์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:12
OK, but the weeds are encroaching.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์žก์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
83:17
They're encroaching on my garden,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด ์ •์›์„ ์ž ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:19
so the weeds are getting closer andย  then they're taking over my garden.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์žก์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์ •์›์„ ์ ๋ นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:26
And soon if I don't do anything,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์žก์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์ •์›์„ ์ž ์‹ํ•ด
83:29
my whole garden will be weeds becauseย  the weeds encroached on my garden.
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์ •์› ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žก์ดˆ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
83:37
So the word encroach is commonlyย  used even in a day-to-day speech.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นจํ•ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋„ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:43
If I'm sharing a desk with someone and then all ofย  a sudden the all these papers are from the otherย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ฑ…์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์„œ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
83:50
person, but they're on my side of the desk, Iย  could say your things are encroaching on my space.
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์ฑ…์ƒ ์˜†์— โ€‹โ€‹์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ๋‚ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์นจ๋ฒ”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:58
So you brothers and sisters, siblings,ย  roommates will commonly use this to talkย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค, ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค, ๋ฃธ๋ฉ”์ดํŠธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
84:06
about someone trying to take overย  their space with their own things.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:11
OK, now, but cut into is theย  same as to encroach or to reduce.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ cut into๋Š” ์นจํ•ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถ•์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:17
So remember before we talked about a renovation,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฅด๋…ธ ๊ฐœ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
84:20
a Renault, this renovation isย  cutting into our vacation fund.
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์ด ๊ฐœ์กฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํœด๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์‚ญ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
84:26
So you have this vacation fund an amount of money.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ํœด๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ธˆ์•ก์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„
84:31
For.
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84:31
A vacation, but you have toย  take some of that money toย ย 
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์œ„ํ•œ.
ํœด๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ˆ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ
84:35
pay for your renovation becauseย  remember, it turned into a saga.
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๊ฐœ์กฐ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์šฉ๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
84:42
So that renovation is cutting into,ย  it's reducing your vacation fund.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐœ์กฐ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํœด๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:50
So that's what cut into.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:51
So Harris, Kamala Harris hires, sheย  offers a job to a rural vote director.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Kamala Harris๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•œ Harris๋Š” ๋†์ดŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:59
This is a job title.
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์ง์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:01
A vote director is someone who justย  controls, controls that part of the campaign.
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ํˆฌํ‘œ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž๋Š” ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:08
Rural means in the countryside, it's the oppositeย  of the city, an urban area, a rural area.
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Rural์€ ์‹œ๊ณจ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋„์‹œ, ๋„์‹œ ์ง€์—ญ, ๋†์ดŒ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:17
Rural is where there are lots ofย  farms, big properties, less people.
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๋†์ดŒ์€ ๋†์žฅ์ด ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์ด ํฌ๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ ์€ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:23
So Kamala Harris hires, gives a job to someoneย  with the job title rural vote director in orderย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Kamala Harris)๋Š”
85:32
to in an attempt to reduce to in a bid to cutย  in, to reduce Trump's battleground margins,ย ย 
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ์ „์žฅ ๋งˆ์ง„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋†์ดŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ ๊ฐ๋…๊ด€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์งํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
85:42
A margin, which I don't haveย  here, a margin is just how much.
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์—†๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋งˆ์ง„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
85:48
So there's the vote, OK, there's the population.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:52
If Trump controls 50% ofย  the vote, that's his margin.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋“ํ‘œ์œจ์˜ 50%๋ฅผ ์žฅ์•…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:59
So it's the amount that is given to Donaldย  Trump, the percentage, the share, the amount.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์•ก , ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ, ๋ชซ, ๊ธˆ์•ก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:07
So Kamala wants to get some of that margin.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Kamala๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋งˆ์ง„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:12
She wants to reduce it, cut intoย  it so she has more for herself.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , ์ž˜๋ผ์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:18
Yeah, exactly.
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์‘, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
86:19
It's a share.
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๊ณต์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:20
Yeah, it's a share, a percentage, an allocation.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชซ, ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ, ํ• ๋‹น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:25
OK, so let's look at a handful of because thisย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:30
is more common everyday thatย  you can use in your speech.
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์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:34
I don't think well, like I said, in a bid toย  is just formal, but you can use in order to.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด in the bid to๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:41
So a handful of this is a smallย  number or a few of something.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ˆซ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:47
So you might say I made a handful of mistakes.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:51
It's another way of saying I made a few mistakes,ย  a small number of mistakes, or I could beย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜, ๋˜๋Š”
86:57
reviewing ACVA resume and I could say there wereย  a handful of mistakes, grammar mistakes on the CV.
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ACVA ์ด๋ ฅ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘ CV์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:06
But just remember, just because a handfulย  is small, it still can be too many.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ ์คŒ์ด ์ž‘๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
87:13
So when I say there were aย  handful of mistakes on the CV,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ฅ์„œ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ,
87:17
that could be a very negativeย  thing, even though handful is small.
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๋น„๋ก ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:24
So it really depends on context.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:27
If a handful of something is a positive thingย  or a negative thing, it just depends on context.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:36
OK, Kumari said.
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์ฟ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
87:38
My sister is encroaching on my table.
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๋‚ด ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์ด ๋‚ด ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์„ ์ž ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
87:40
Please.
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์ œ๋ฐœ.
87:41
Exactly.
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87:41
So you have your table, but then all of a suddenย  your sister's water bottle is on your table.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์–ธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ณ‘์ด ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
87:48
Your sister's cell phone is on your table.
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๋„ค ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์˜ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด ๋„ค ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ์œ„์— ์žˆ์–ด.
87:51
She's encroaching on your table.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์„ ์ž ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:56
Good example, good example.
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์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ, ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ.
88:00
OK, so let's look at swing.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์Šค์œ™์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:04
This is very commonly used in a political sense,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •์น˜์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”
88:09
but we'll review some examples whereย  it isn't used in a political sense.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
88:14
So to swing the outcome orย  the results, swing is a verb.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์Šค์œ™ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์Šค์œ™์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:19
This means to influence or change.
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:21
So rule voters, voters who live in non urbanย  areas, non city areas, rural voters in just aย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทœ์น™ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž, ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ง€์—ญ, ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ง€์—ญ, ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ณจ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž
88:32
handful, a small number of states could change theย  outcome or influence the outcome of the election.
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, ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:43
Now, in a sports context, theย  player's injury could swing the game.
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์ด์ œ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:50
So the player hurt her arm, so now she can't play.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํŒ”์„ ๋‹ค์ณ์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.
88:57
That can swing the gameย  because without that player,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด
89:01
the team is not very good, so the team will lose.
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ํŒ€์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ํŒ€์ด ํŒจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:06
So the player's injury changed the game.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ๋‹ค.
89:10
It impacted the game, so could swing the game.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ”๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:14
Or her decision to change the recipe swung theย  results of the baking contest in her favor.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ ˆ์‹œํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฒ ์ดํ‚น ๋Œ€ํšŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:22
So it changed.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
89:23
It influenced the results in herย  favor, which means positive to her.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:30
Now notice swung is the past simple of swing.
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์ด์ œ Swing์€ Swing์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ž„์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์Šค์œ™์ด
89:34
Swing swung.
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ํ”๋“ค๋ ธ๋‹ค.
89:38
OK, Kumari said.
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์ฟ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
89:43
I have a handful of chocolates.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ํ•œ ์คŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:45
Exactly.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ. ์†์—
89:46
I have a handful, so a small number of because youย ย 
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์ฅ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
89:50
can only fit a small number ofย  chocolates in your hand, right?
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์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ๋งŒ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ  ?
89:56
Yousef said.
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์œ ์„ธํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
89:57
I decide to be English wonk toย  swing my English fluency exactlyย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ
90:03
to influence to change your English fluency.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜์–ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:07
Very nicely said.
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์•„์ฃผ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
90:09
Now let's focus on yourย  listening skills of fast English.
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์ด์ œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:14
We're going to listen to a clip ofย  President Barack Obama giving a.
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๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์—ฐ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:18
Speech.
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์—ฐ์„ค.
90:19
On a serious topic, but at the end of this speechย ย 
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์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์—ฐ์„ค์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ
90:24
he makes a joke and your English is excellentย  if you can understand these clips and the joke.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํด๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:33
But don't worry if this exercise is difficult forย  you, because as we go on, you're going to improveย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด
90:39
your listening skills, expand your vocabulary,ย  improve your pronunciation, and practice speaking.
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ , ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์ด ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๊ณ , ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ , ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:47
Throughout this lesson, you're going to listen toย  a short clip of President Barack Obama speakingย ย 
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—… ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์—ฐ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ
90:54
in a real world setting, and you need to completeย  the missing words to complete the sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:02
Now you'll hear each clip three times.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:05
Here's the first listening exerciseย  you need to complete the missing words.
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๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:10
Let's listen three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
91:12
I've ordered every federal agency toย  eliminate rules that don't make sense.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:17
I've ordered every federal agency toย  eliminate rules that don't make sense.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:22
I've ordered every federal agency toย  eliminate rules that don't make sense.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:26
Did you complete the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
91:28
He said.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
91:29
I've ordered every federal agency toย  eliminate rules that don't make sense.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:37
Now let's take a look at I've.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:39
This is a contraction of Iย  have, so we say it as one word.
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I have์˜ ์ค„์ž„๋ง์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:43
I've I've and it's a veryย  unstressed pronunciation.
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I've I've๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:47
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
91:48
I've I've I've ordered So notice this Edย ย 
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I've I've order ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด Ed๋Š”
91:53
here is just a soft D orderedย  ordered repeat after me ordered.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•œ ํ›„์— ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ D๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
92:02
I've ordered every federal agency to eliminate.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:07
Now here a lot of native speakers willย  pronounce to when it's a preposition orย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
92:13
part of the infinitive like it is hereย  as a very unstressed to to eliminate,ย ย 
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ๋•Œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€ to ์‚ญ์ œ,
92:19
to eliminate, repeat after me to to eliminate.
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์‚ญ์ œ, ๋‚ด ๋’ค์˜ to ์‚ญ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:23
But Barack Obama does not do that here.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:25
He pronounces the full to.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:28
So to is the standard pronunciation and TA isย  the unstressed pronunciation that's commonlyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ to๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์ค€๋ฐœ์Œ์ด๊ณ  TA๊ฐ€
92:35
used by natives in natural speech, which is whyย  it can be difficult for you to understand us.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์–ด์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:42
Now let's look at don't make sense because heย  didn't pronounce those final voiced sounds,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ข… ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ง์ด ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
92:50
specifically the T don't, don't notice.
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. ํŠนํžˆ T๋Š” don't, don't attention์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:54
He didn't say don't.
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๊ทธ๋Š”ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:56
He just said don't and then make.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
93:00
You didn't hear that it was just make makeย  and that makes the pronunciation smoother,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ make make๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์…จ์„ ํ…๋ฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€๊ธฐ
93:06
which is why it sounds likeย  we're talking very fast.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:11
Now let's move on and talk.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
93:12
About the word.
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๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด.
93:13
Eliminate grammatically you useย  eliminate plus a noun or a gerundย ย 
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Eliminate๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:19
because you eliminate something and thisย  means to completely remove or get rid of.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:26
Remember this, it might help you inย  the future of this lesson get rid of.
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์ด ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:32
So, for example, we eliminated plastic bags.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„๋‹๋ด‰์ง€๋ฅผ ์—†์•ด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:36
This is the something, the noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€, ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:38
If you wanted to use a verb, remember it'sย  the gerund we eliminated using plastic bags.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋น„๋‹๋ด‰์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์‚ญ์ œํ•œ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
93:47
Or you might say Jennifer helps meย  eliminate my mistakes, the noun.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
93:53
Or you could say these lessonsย  help me eliminate my mistakes.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋‚ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:00
Again, the noun.
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ๋ช…์‚ฌ.
94:01
So do you agree with that?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ๋ง์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
94:02
If you do, put that's right, put that'sย  right, that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์จ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
94:08
Now let's continue on with the speech.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:11
So you need to complete the missing word.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น ์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:13
You'll hear it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:15
We've already announced over 500 reforms.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ 500๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:19
We've already announced over 500 reforms.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ 500๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:23
We've already announced over 500 reforms.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ 500๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:25
How'd you do it, This one, he said.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ์ด๊ฑฐ.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
94:28
We've already announced over 500 reforms.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ 500๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:33
So notice another contraction.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
94:35
We've is a contraction of we have repeat after me.
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We've๋Š” we have again after me์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:39
We've we've we've already announced.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:43
We have already announced.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:46
What's the grammar here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
94:48
What Burton's is this?
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์ด์—์š”?
94:50
It's the present perfect and it's being usedย  because this is a completed pass action.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ด๊ณ  ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋™์ž‘์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:57
The 500 reforms that's complete, that's done.
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500๊ฐœ ๊ฐœํ˜์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:01
But this is an ongoing time reference.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:04
So it's possible to announceย  more reforms that 500.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 500๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
95:09
It can increase and be 505 or 510ย  in the future because it's ongoing.
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505๊ฐœ๋‚˜ 510๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
95:15
Now let's talk about theย  word over over 500 reforms.
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์ด์ œ 500๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ฐœํ˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
95:20
So how many reforms?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœํ˜์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
95:23
Well, we know it was more than 500, butย  we don't know the exact amount becauseย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, 500์ด ๋„˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ,
95:30
when you say over or more than 500,ย  it might be 501 or it might be 525.
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500 ์ด์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด 501์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  525์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์•ก์€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:38
We don't know because it's unspecified,ย  but it's more than over 500.
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๋ถˆํŠน์ •์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, 500๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:44
Let's keep going.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:45
You need to complete the missing words.
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๋น ์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:47
You'll hear it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:49
And just a fraction of them willย  save business and citizens moreย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๊ทนํžˆ ์ผ๋ถ€๋งŒ์ด
95:52
than $10 billion over the next five years.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ 100์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:54
And just a fraction of them willย  save business and citizens moreย ย 
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95:54
than $10 billion over the next five years.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๊ทนํžˆ ์ผ๋ถ€๋งŒ์ด
ํ–ฅํ›„ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ 100์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:55
And just a fraction of them willย  save business and citizens moreย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๊ทนํžˆ ์ผ๋ถ€๋งŒ์ด
95:59
than $10 billion over the next five years.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ 100์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:08
Did you complete the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
96:09
He said.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
96:11
And just a fraction of them willย  save business and citizens moreย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๊ทนํžˆ ์ผ๋ถ€๋งŒ์ด
96:16
than $10 billion over the next five years.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ 100์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:21
Let's talk about a fraction of them, a fraction ofย  means, a small number or a small portion of them.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€, ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ , ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:32
In this case, the reforms, you could say.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐœํ˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:36
I know one.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:37
100 phrasal verbs.
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100๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ.
96:39
That sounds amazing, right?
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์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
96:41
100 phrasal verbs.
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100๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ.
96:43
But then if you add but that'sย  just a fraction of them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๊ทนํžˆ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:48
Them is the phrasal verbs.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:50
It represents the phrasal verbs, but if you sayย ย 
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€๋งŒ,
96:53
a fraction of it means a smallย  number or a small portion.
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afraction of it์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž‘์€ ์ˆซ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:59
So even though 100 sounds large,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 100์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—
97:02
it doesn't sound very large comparedย  to how many phrasal verbs there are.
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๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
97:06
Let's talk about the pronunciation of them,ย  because there's a strong pronunciation whichย ย 
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์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉดย M์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
97:13
is them M, but there's also a weak andย  unstressed pronunciation M, them M.
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์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์ธ M๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:21
So it's just that vowel sound thatย  sounds more relaxed and unstressed.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์„ธ ์—†์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:27
This is another reason why native speakersย  can be difficult to understand because thereย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:32
are these differences in pronunciation,ย  especially in natural spoken English,ย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š”
97:39
which Barack Obama, even though he'sย  the president in at this time and he'sย ย 
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๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด๊ณ 
97:45
giving a formal speech, heย  still is a native speaker.
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๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ.
97:50
So of course he's going to useย  natural pronunciation patterns.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐœ์Œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:55
Now let's look at over the next five years.
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์ด์ œ ํ–ฅํ›„ 5๋…„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:58
The word over represents betweenย  now and five years from now.
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over๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 5๋…„ ํ›„๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:03
So that time frame is over.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ง ๋™์•ˆ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
98:07
You could say I learned a lot ofย  phrasal verbs over the weekend.
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๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ  .
98:13
So that means the entire time reference from startย  to finish and that time reference is the weekend.
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์ฆ‰, ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „์ฒด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:22
This is very commonly used in daily speech.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:26
You could say we discussed how.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:29
To improve.
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๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
98:30
Our speaking skills over coffee, so youย  can do something over coffee over dinner,ย ย 
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์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ์ค‘์— ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:39
and that means while we were having coffee.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:42
So your coffee has a time reference,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ปคํ”ผ์—๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ,
98:45
a time when you started coffeeย  and a time when you ended coffee.
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์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ณผ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์นœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:50
And that period of time is over coffee.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ์ปคํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:54
Let's continue on with the speech.
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์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:56
This is a longer section, andย  there are two parts to complete.
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์ด ์„น์…˜์€ ๋” ๊ธธ๋ฉฐ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:02
You'll hear it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:04
We got rid of one rule from 40 years agoย  that could have forced some dairy farmersย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‚™๋†๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์œ ์ถœ์„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 10,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ 40๋…„ ์ „์˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์•ด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
99:08
to spend $10,000 a year provingย  that they could contain a spill.
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.
99:13
We got rid of one rule from 40 years agoย  that could have forced some dairy farmersย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‚™๋†๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์œ ์ถœ์„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 10,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ 40๋…„ ์ „์˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์•ด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
99:17
to spend $10,000 a year provingย  that they could contain a spill.
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.
99:22
We got rid of one rule from 40 years agoย  that could have forced some dairy farmersย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‚™๋†๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์œ ์ถœ์„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 10,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ 40๋…„ ์ „์˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์•ด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
99:26
to spend $10,000 a year provingย  that they could contain a spill.
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.
99:30
Did you hear all the missingย  words He said We got rid of?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
99:35
Remember I told you to remember that we got ridย  of one rule from 40 years ago that could haveย ย 
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99:43
forced some dairy farmers to spend 10, $10,000ย  a year proving that they could contain a spill.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‚™๋†๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์œ ์ถœ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 10,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ 40๋…„ ์ „์˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
99:52
Got rid of.
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์ œ๊ฑฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:53
Let's talk about the pronunciation here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:56
We're going to use connected speech where we takeย  individual words and it sounds like one word.
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๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:02
So I'm going to say got rid.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ œ๊ฑฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:06
So notice at the end you can take the word of andย  you can make it an unstressed sound and say duh.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ~๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด duh๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:14
So, uh.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์–ด.
100:16
Instead of of, uh, but we're taking that Dย  sound from rid got rid, uh, or got rid of dove.
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๋Œ€์‹ ์—, uh, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” rid got rider, uh, ๋˜๋Š” got rider of dove์—์„œ D ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:26
Dove is the full sound and duh is the unstressed.
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Dove๋Š” ํ’€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ์ด๊ณ  duh๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:30
And remember that to get rid of means eliminate.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
100:34
We already talked about that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:36
Now let's take a look at could haveย  because we have the auxiliary verb have.
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์ด์ œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ have๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ could have์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
100:43
But you can also turn this into anย  unstressed of, and the same rule applies.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:51
You can use duh and say coulda, orย  you can use dove and say could have,ย ย 
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duh๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ cana๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„๋‘˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ could have, could have๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
100:58
could have because you're takingย  that D from could coulda could have.
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can had์—์„œ D๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:03
What about this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
101:05
We could of eliminated the rule.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:09
This sentence is grammatically incorrectย  because the correct sentence is.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:14
We could have eliminated the rule.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:18
Remember that these pronunciation changes changingย  have to of only applies to spoken English.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์€ ์˜์–ด ์Œ์„ฑ์—๋งŒ ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
101:27
It doesn't apply to written English.
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์„œ๋ฉด ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:30
So you can verbally say coulda, but in writingย  it's considered grammatically incorrect.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ง๋กœ๋Š” cana๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธ€๋กœ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:38
Let's keep going.
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101:38
Here's the next sentence to complete.
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๊ณ„์† ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
์™„์„ฑํ•  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:40
You'll hear it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:43
Because milk was somehow classified as an oil.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ์œ ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:47
Because milk was somehow classified as an oil.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ์œ ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:51
Because milk was somehow classified as an oil.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ์œ ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:55
Did you get this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”?
101:56
He said because milk wasย  somehow classified as an oil.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:02
I found his pronunciation was quite clear.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:05
Do you agree with me here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
102:07
So let's just look at some vocabulary.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:10
Let's look at classified as.
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๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:12
To be classified as is theย  full structure you need.
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๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:16
And classified means categorizedย  or designated as something.
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๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋จ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€์ •๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:22
So you could say phrasal verbsย  are classified as advanced.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:27
You need that word as as something as advanced.
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:32
Now let's review somehow.
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“  ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
102:34
In this context, it means thatย  the reasoning or the method,ย ย 
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์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ถ”๋ก ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด
102:39
it isn't obvious or it's difficult to understand.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:44
So how could milk be classified as oil?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ์œ ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
102:49
That's difficult to understand.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:51
So that's why they used somehow.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:54
You can use this in your daily speech.
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์ผ์ƒ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:56
You can say she somehow got the promotion.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ์Šน์ง„์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:01
So just by adding that wordย  somehow you're questioning,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
103:05
you're questioning why orย  how she got the promotion.
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ง„ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ํ’ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:09
So it takes a statement that sounds positiveย  she got the promotion and it actually turnsย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„์ˆ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
103:15
it into more of a negative statement byย  saying she somehow got the promotion.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ๋“  ์Šน์ง„์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ง„์ˆ ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:21
Now it's the fun part.
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์ด์ œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:22
You're going to hear Presidentย  Barack Obama make a joke.
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๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:27
So you need to complete the missing wordsย  and you need to understand why this is funny.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:35
Let's see if you can do that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
103:36
You'll hear it three times.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:38
With a rule like that, I guess itย  was worth crying over spilled milk.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—Ž์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ์šฐ์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šธ์–ด๋ณผ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:42
With a rule like that, I guess itย  was worth crying over spilled milk.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—Ž์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ์šฐ์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šธ์–ด๋ณผ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:47
With a rule like that, I guess it wasย  worth crying over spilled milk with a rule.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ, ํ˜๋ฆฐ ์šฐ์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šธ์–ด๋ณผ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
103:54
Like that, I guess it wasย  worth crying over spilled.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ์šธ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
103:59
So did you complete the missing words?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋น ์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
104:01
Did you hear the joke?
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๋†๋‹ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด?
104:03
Did you understand the joke?
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๋†๋‹ด์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
104:06
If you did, your English is excellent, he said.
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๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
104:11
With a rule like that, I guess itย  was worth crying over spilled milk.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—Ž์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ์šฐ์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šธ์–ด๋ณผ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:18
Before we talk about why this is funny,ย  let's review some pronunciation points.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐœ์Œ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:24
So first let's take a look at rule notice.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋จผ์ € ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:27
Here there are two sounds.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:29
We have rue O so that dark L rule rule.
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๊ทธ ๋‹คํฌ L ๋ฃฐ ๋ฃฐ์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก rue O๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:35
So if I.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด I.
104:36
Pronounce this fully.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
104:37
You hear those two sounds rule inย  a more unstressed pronunciation.
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์ด ๋‘ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—
104:43
It won't be as obvious rule rule it'sย  there, but it's very quick rule rule.
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์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:50
But it is best to make sureย  you have those two sounds.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:55
Now let's take a look at spilled, because there'sย  a difference between British and American English.
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์ด์ œ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ ์ถœ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:01
In American English, we only useย  the word spilled the the spilled.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์—Ž์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ๋‹ค(spilled)๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:06
In British English, there's an alternativeย  word that's spelled differently becauseย ย 
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์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š”
105:12
it's spelled with AT and it's pronounced that way.
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AT๋กœ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:15
So it's just the end.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋์ด์—์š”.
105:17
In American English it's always spilled the aย  soft D, but in British English it's spilt spilt.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ a ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ D๊ฐ€ ์Ÿ์•„์ง€์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ์ถœ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:26
So you might hear spilled, you might hear spilt,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ˜๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
105:29
but those final sounds aren'tย  pronounced fully in spoken English.
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์ตœ์ข… ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:34
In both British and Americanย  English, just like in here,ย ย 
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์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ that์ด๋ผ๋Š”
105:38
you didn't hear the N sound for theย  word that, it was more of a that, that.
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๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ N ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๊ฒƒ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:45
So you just don't press out that final T.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ T๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
105:48
That and milk sounded like milk.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์šฐ์œ ๋Š” ์šฐ์œ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:51
So did you hear that the finalย  K sound that was not pronounced.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ K์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
105:56
It was just a mil mil.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:58
So you put your your tongueย  in the position of AK mil,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํ˜€๋ฅผ AK๋ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋†“๊ณ 
106:03
but you just don't push out that sound mil milk.
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๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ€ํฌ๋ฐ€ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
106:08
All right, now let's talk about the joke.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋†๋‹ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:11
The style of this joke isย  called a pun or a play on words.
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์ด ๋†๋‹ด์˜ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๋ง์žฅ๋‚œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ง์žฅ๋‚œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:16
So it's a humorous use of one word or one phraseย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
106:21
that has several meanings orย  that sounds like another word.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋จธ๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:27
In this case, you need to knowย  that there's a proverb in English,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜์–ด์—๋„ ์†๋‹ด์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
106:31
and perhaps in your culture as well.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์—๋„ ์†๋‹ด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:34
The proverb is don't cry over spilled milk.
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์†๋‹ด์—๋Š” ์—Ž์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ์šฐ์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šธ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:39
If you don't know what this proverb is, theย  joke probably wouldn't make sense to you.
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์ด ์†๋‹ด์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋†๋‹ด์ด ์•„๋งˆ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:46
So this proverb don't cry over spilled milk meansย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์†๋‹ด์€ ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ํ˜๋ ค๋„ ์šธ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์œ  ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ์Ÿ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
106:50
don't get upset over minor issues or minorย  mistakes like spilling a glass of milk.
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์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์— ํ™”๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
106:57
It's not worth getting upset over.
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ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:00
So you might say I made a grammar mistake when Iย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
107:04
was presenting the report, butย  you're very upset over this.
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, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์†์ƒํ•ดํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
107:09
And your friend, your colleague couldย  say don't cry over spilled milk.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ํ˜๋ ค๋„ ์šธ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:14
It's a grammar mistake.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:16
But notice here Obama said it wasย  worth crying over spilled milk.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š” ์—Ž์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ์šฐ์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šธ์–ด๋ณผ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:24
So Obama is saying that the farmersย  should be upset overpaying $10,000 aย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๋Š” ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์œ  ์œ ์ถœ์„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 10,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
107:32
year on something silly like provingย  they can contain a milk spill.
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.
107:38
Because remember, milk wasย  somehow classified as an oil.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ์œ ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:44
So now you understand the joke.
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์ด์ œ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๊ตฐ์š”.
107:47
Now let's look at was worth crying becauseย  grammatically you need to be worse.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋‚˜๋น ์งˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Worious Wheat๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:55
Plus gerund, your verb and ING.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ING.
107:58
You could say it was worth watching thisย  class, and hopefully you agree with that.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:06
Now grammatically, you could alsoย  say something to be worth something.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:12
For example, this class was worthย  it that it represents something.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:19
What is the something?
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
108:20
Well, this class was worth watching,ย  so the watching is that it?
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๋ญ, ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋ณผ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์‹œ์ฒญ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
108:27
Think of everything you've learned so far.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋ฆฌ๋”์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š”
108:29
Let's end this master class by learning 14 phrasesย ย 
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14๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:33
to help you speak like a leaderย  #1 feel free to ask me anything.
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#1 ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
108:40
Now notice you're learning a completeย  phrase, so pay attention to all the words,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด,
108:47
the prepositions, the articles,ย  the sentence structure matters.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ, ๊ด€์‚ฌ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”.
108:51
So notice here we have Feel free plus infinitive.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— Feel free์™€ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
108:56
The infinitive is of course 2 plus the base verb.
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  2์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:00
Feel free to ask me anything.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
109:04
This is used as a polite, open-ended invitation.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์ธ ์ดˆ๋Œ€์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:08
I'm inviting you to ask.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:10
Ask me whatever you'd like.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
109:13
Remember, you can change that verb.
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๊ทธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
109:15
I could say.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
109:16
Feel free to send me the report when it's ready.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ค€๋น„๋˜๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
109:20
This sounds polite and professional.
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์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:23
And remember, it's an open invitation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐœ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
109:25
You're not required to do this.
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ
109:28
It's an option if you say sendย  me the report when it's done.
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๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ต์…˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
109:35
This is the imperative and it'sย  direct and also authoritative.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ถŒ์œ„๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:41
So to sound polite and professionalย  and to give you an open invitation,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
109:45
I can say feel free toย  download the free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:50
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:53
And this is a real example because Iย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
109:55
summarize everything from thisย  lesson in the free lesson PDF.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ์š”์•ฝํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:00
Feel free to download it #2 I lookย  forward to hearing your thoughts.
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์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์„ธ์š” #2. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:05
So your colleague could say to you, feelย  free to send me the report when it's done.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:11
And then when it's done, you canย  send it to your colleague and say.
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์ž‘์—…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:14
Here you go.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์š”.
110:16
I look forward to hearing your thoughts.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:19
Notice our sentence structure.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
110:21
Look forward to plus gerund, your verb and ING.
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ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ, ING๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
110:25
I look forward to hearing.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:28
Don't make this mistake.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
110:30
Make sure you have the gerund and thisย  is a polite way to show your interest.
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:36
So in this case, your interestย  in hearing the person's thoughts,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ,
110:40
their ideas, their opinions, their feedback,ย ย 
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ์˜๊ฒฌ, ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ
110:43
you could say I look forward to meeting our verbย  and ING I look forward to meeting you tomorrow.
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I wait to Meet our ๋™์‚ฌ ์™€ ING I wait to Meet you ๋‚ด์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:50
Now with this structure, you can also use a noun.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:53
I look forward to our meeting.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งŒ๋‚จ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:56
That's the noun form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:58
I look forward to our meeting tomorrow.
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๋‚ด์ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:01
What about you?
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111:01
Are you looking forward to my next lesson?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
๋‚ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
111:06
If you are put yes, yes, yes to show yourย  interest, show your enthusiasm, put yes,ย ย 
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ด์ •์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด '์˜ˆ', '์˜ˆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž…๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
111:12
yes, yes in the Commons #3 here's my take on it.
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Commons #3์— '์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ'๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:17
One's take on something isย  1's opinion on something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:23
So my take on it is simply my opinion on it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:27
For example, I just read theย  consultants recommendations.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ ๊ถŒ์žฅ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:32
Here's my take on them.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:35
Them because recommendations is plural.
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์ถ”์ฒœ์€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:37
Now when I want to.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•  ๋•Œ.
111:38
Share my opinion My take I canย  simply use an opinion in your word.
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๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:44
I think she raised some valid points.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•œ ์ ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:48
Now I can use this as a question.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์ถ”์ฒœ #4์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
111:50
What's your take on the reportย  on the recommendations #4 fromย ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
111:57
my perspective Now this isย  the same as in my opinion,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Š” ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:03
but notice that preposition differenceย  from my perspective, in my opinion.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์ฐจ์ด์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
112:08
So I see a lot of mistakesย  when students try to use this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:13
If someone asks.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด.
112:14
You your opinion?
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
112:15
What's your take on it?
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
112:17
You can use this to start.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:19
From my perspective, I think the consultant'sย  recommendations aren't practical.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ์˜ ๊ถŒ์žฅ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:26
So here you can add on.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:28
I think an opinion word even though youย  use from my perspective, but it's optional.
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์ œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:33
And after you share your opinion, you can inviteย  the other person to provide their opinion.
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์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:40
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
112:41
What's your perspective #5ย  can you help me understand?
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ #5 ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
112:47
This is a polite way to ask forย  clarification or an explanation.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ด๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
112:52
Your colleague could say, from my perspective,ย  the consultant recommendations aren't practical.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋‚ด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ ์ถ”์ฒœ์ด ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:59
You could comment on thisย  and say I see, interesting.
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ  ' ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋„ค์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:03
Oh really?
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์˜ค, ์ง„์งœ?
113:05
And then you can add on this expression.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์‹์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„
113:08
Can you help me understandย  your perspective, your opinion?
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
113:14
Can you help me understand?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
113:16
This is a great expression ifย  you want an explanation withoutย ย 
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113:21
sounding very direct or authoritative or angry.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ถŒ์œ„์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ ์—†์ด ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:25
If someone says, I don't thinkย  we can meet the deadline,ย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ๋งž์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ 
113:30
you can say, can you help me understand why?
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๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
113:35
Number six, I'll get back toย  you with that information.
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์—ฌ์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฐ๋ฝ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:39
This is a great one because someone might ask youย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ
113:41
a question or to provide informationย  and you don't have that information.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:47
You don't know the answer.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
113:49
Instead of saying I don't know, you can sayย  I'll get back to you with that information.
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๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:56
You can provide a time reference if you'd like.
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:59
I'll get back to you by the end of the day.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฐ๋ฝ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:03
So you just gave yourself a deadline.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:05
You could say I'll get back to you in an hour.
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ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:09
Or I'll get back.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”.
114:10
To you, ASAP.
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ.
114:12
What does ASAP mean?
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
114:14
This is a very common acronym.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:16
Put it in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
114:18
ASAP.
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ.
114:19
What's the acronym?
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์•ฝ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
114:20
Put it in the comments #7 can you fill me in?
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๋Œ“๊ธ€ 7๋ฒˆ์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ฑ„์›Œ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
114:24
This is a great one.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋‚˜ ์š”์•ฝ์„
114:25
It's a casual way to askย  for an update or a summary.
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์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
114:31
You could say to your colleague, Iย  was on another call this morning,ย ย 
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๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ†ตํ™” ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
114:34
can you fill me in on the staff meeting?
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์ง์› ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์ œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:38
Notice here when I specify theย  something the staff meeting,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ง์› ํšŒ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ
114:44
you have to use the additional prepositionย  on Can you fill me in on the staff meeting?
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Can you fill me on the Staff Meeting?์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:51
This is often used by oneย  person to request anotherย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ํ•œ
114:55
person provide information to someone else.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:59
For example, your boss could say to you,ย  hey Danica, can you fill Raphael in?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ' ์•ˆ๋…• Danica, Raphael์„ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
115:06
And then if you want to specify theย  something you need that preposition on,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
115:10
on the new filing system #8 whichย  one would you like me to prioritize?
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์ƒˆ ํŒŒ์ผ๋ง ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ #8์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
115:18
You can use this to clarifyย  which task should be done first,ย ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋จผ์ € ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
115:23
which one you should prioritizeย  when there are multiple tasks.
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์ž‘์—…์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์—…์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
115:27
So you can use this with twoย  tasks or more than two as well.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์—… ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
115:31
So if you have multiple tasks, youย  can go to your boss and say Sarahย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์„œ Sarah๊ฐ€
115:37
asks for help on the report and Iย  have to finish the presentation.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„์›€์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
115:42
Which one would you like me to prioritize?
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์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์„ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
115:45
So now, instead of feeling overwhelmed, you knowย  exactly which task to focus on to prioritize.
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์—…์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์กฐ์–ธ์„
115:52
You can use this even just to getย  advice from someone you trust.
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์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๋„ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
115:57
I could say to you, from your perspective,ย  which one should I prioritize?
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
116:02
So you're not my boss, you're notย  responsible for assigning me task.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ• ๋‹นํ•  ์ฑ…์ž„๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:06
But I trust you to provideย  me with valuable feedback.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
116:11
Which one should I prioritize from yourย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”
116:14
perspective #9 I trust youย  have everything you need.
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#9 ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:19
Need.
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116:19
The word trust is used aย  lot in a business context.
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ํ•„์š”.
์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:24
This is used to express overallย  confidence in someone and their abilities.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:30
So you might come to me and say,ย  Jennifer, I feel a little nervous.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ' ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ๋‚˜ ์ข€ ๊ธด์žฅ๋ผ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
116:34
This is my first time giving aย  presentation and I can let youย ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€
116:40
know that I have confidence in you andย  your abilities and I can say I trust you,ย ย 
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๊ท€ํ•˜์™€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:45
or I can add on to this and I canย  say I trust you can handle this.
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๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:52
So the statement is you can handle this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง„์ˆ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:55
Handle means you have the ability to do it.
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ํ•ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:59
You can handle this.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:01
Now if I add I trust it's adding certainty.
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์ด์ œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:05
I'm certain, I know I trust you can handle this.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:10
Number 10.
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10๋ฒˆ.
117:11
What can we learn from this?
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์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
117:14
Such a powerful question.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ ํ›„์— ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„์„
117:16
You can use this to encourageย  reflection and analysis afterย ย 
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์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
117:20
a situation, generally a negative situation.
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.
117:24
So if something negative happened,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ
117:26
I didn't get the promotion, youย  can say what can I learn from this?
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ํ”„๋กœ๋ชจ์…˜์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
117:32
Or I failed my ions, what can I learn from this?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด์˜จ์ด ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
117:37
So instead of being upset, angry, mad,ย  now you're thinking about solutions,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์ด์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
117:44
you're thinking about what you can do differently.
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๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:47
This is a great expression to useย  when you're working with a team.
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ํŒ€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘์—…ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:51
So again, maybe something bad happened.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:54
We lost the client.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:56
What can we?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
117:57
Learn from this and then you canย  start brainstorming things you can.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ธ์Šคํ† ๋ฐ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:02
Do differently so it.
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๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
118:03
Doesn't happen again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:05
Now to change the sentence structure, youย  could also say, what can this teach us?
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๋ฉด ' ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:12
So notice you can learn something fromย  someone or something, a situation,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„
118:18
but also something the situation can teachย  you something #11 I'm happy to address that.
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. #11 ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:28
So notice the sentence structure.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
118:29
We have our verb to be.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:32
I am happy our adjective.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:35
So you need to conjugate the verb toย  be and then you have the infinitive.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ to be๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:40
I'm happy to address that.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:44
And this is used to show aย  willingness to do something.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:47
So when your boss asks you to fill Raphaelย  in, you can say I'm happy to fill Raphael in.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ Raphael์„ ์ฑ„์›Œ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ•  ๋•Œ Raphael์„ ์ฑ„์›Œ์„œ ๊ธฐ์˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ
118:57
And then remember, if you specify the something,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ํŒ๋งค ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์—์„œ
118:59
you need that extra prepositionย  on this sales process.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
119:04
So you're showing your willingness to do this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
119:08
This is also a great way to end aย  presentation or end communication.
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์ด๋Š” ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
119:13
We're happy to answer any questions you have.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
119:18
So remember that structure to be happyย  plus infinitive #12 How can I support you?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ #12 How can I support you?
119:25
This is used to.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
119:27
Offer support, encouragement, assistance,ย  but also to ask how that can be done.
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์ง€์›, ๊ฒฉ๋ ค, ์ง€์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
119:35
Your coworker could be upset andย  say I'm so overwhelmed with thisย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋Š” ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์„œ
119:40
project so you want to show your support.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
119:44
You can say how can I support you?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋ฅผ
119:47
You can add on how can I bestย  support you as an intensifierย ย 
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์ง€์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
119:52
and then you can even add on your willingnessย  and say I'm happy to help you in any way I can.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:00
You can use this to offerย  assistance to someone as well.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:03
If you know your Co worker is very busy,ย ย 
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๋™๋ฃŒ ์ง์›์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„
120:07
you could say you have a lot on your plate withย  this presentation which means you're very busy.
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ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:14
How can I support you #13 I value your input.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? #13 ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:20
This is to acknowledge the importanceย  of someones opinion or ideas.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:26
So let's use this right now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:28
How can I make my lessons better?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
120:31
How can I make this lesson better?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
120:33
Or how can I make my lessons overall better?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
120:36
Please share your thoughts in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
120:39
I value your input.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:41
And this isn't just an example, it's 100% true.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ 100% ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:45
I really value your input.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:48
I truly value your input.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:50
So please, if there's anything I canย  do to improve these lessons for you,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
120:55
I want you to love these lessons.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
120:57
So please put your comments belowย  because I truly value your inputย ย 
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์•„๋ž˜์— ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์žฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
121:03
#14 I appreciate your hard work on this.
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. #14 ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋…ธ๊ณ ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:07
Everyone loves to be appreciated soย  you can use this to show gratitude,ย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
121:13
appreciation for someone's work.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›€์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:16
You can start by complimenting someone,ย  the report looks fantastic and then add on.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์นญ์ฐฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:22
I appreciate your hard work on this.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋…ธ๊ณ ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:26
Adding that on will make thatย  person feel really valued.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:31
Or maybe your friend is planning a party forย  you and you can say the menu looks amazing.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฉ”๋‰ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ ธ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:39
I appreciate all your hard work on this.
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋…ธ๊ณ ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:42
You can Add all your hard work.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:45
To.
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121:45
Intensify it.
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์—๊ฒŒ.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
121:47
Do you want me to make another lesson like this?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋‚˜์š”?
121:49
If you do put master class, put masterย  class master class in the comments below.
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๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
121:54
And of course, make sure you like this lesson,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ,
121:56
share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
122:01
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
122:04
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
122:06
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
122:10
And I have another master class I knowย  you'll love, so make sure you watch it now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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