If You Know These 60 words, Your English is EXCELLENT!

277,867 views ใƒป 2024-09-27

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
If you know these 60 words, yourย  English vocabulary is excellent.
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์ด 60๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์€ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:06
Now we are going to start from moreย  beginner everyday words and then we'llย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ดˆ๋ณด ์ผ์ƒ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
00:12
advance up to more intermediateย  and finally more advanced words.
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๋” ์ค‘๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด , ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Now let's get started #1 bogus, bogus, bogus.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณด์ž #1 ๊ฐ€์งœ, ๊ฐ€์งœ, ๊ฐ€์งœ.
00:27
Do you know this word?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:29
This is an adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
It means not genuine, so it means fake or false.
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์ •ํ’ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์งœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
The police discovered that theย  ID was bogus, was fake or false.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์‹ ๋ถ„์ฆ์ด ์œ„์กฐ, ์œ„์กฐ ๋˜๋Š” ํ—ˆ์œ„์ž„์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
She was upset when she realizedย  the deal was completely bogus.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์งœ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
It wasn't a real deal, it was fake.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์งœ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์งœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
Or hopefully you would sayย  J4 is English isn't bogus.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด J4 is English๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์งœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
So this means the channel is genuine,ย  it's real, it provides real value.
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์ด๋Š” ์ฑ„๋„์ด ์ง„์งœ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
So do you agree J4 is English isn't bogus?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด J4๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์งœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
01:10
If you agree, put that's right, that'sย  right, put that's right in the comments.
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
01:15
Now don't worry about taking notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:21
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
Now let's listen to some real worldย  examples of native speakers using this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
And the deeper you go and theย  more you lie and put out theseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ
01:33
bogus press releases, the more I'll dig in.
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๊ฐ€์งœ ๋ณด๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋†“์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํŒŒํ—ค์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
And they called were called the bogus Buckdales.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์งœ Buckdales๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
But we'll see.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘๊ณ  ๋ณด์ž.
01:40
They will not prove to be bogus here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์งœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
#2 fishy, fishy, fishy.
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#2 ๋น„๋ฆฐ๋‚ด, ๋น„๋ฆฐ๋‚ด, ๋น„๋ฆฐ๋‚ด.
01:48
Do you know this word?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
01:50
Well, this is a fish, and youย  could say the fish smells fishy.
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ธ๋ฐ, ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋ฆฐ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
So that would be the adjective toย  say the fish does not smell good.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ์„  ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
It smells fishy.
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์ƒ์„  ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์š”.
02:04
But listen to this example.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:06
There's something fishy about his story.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Do you know how it's being used in this example?
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:15
In this case, fishy is an adjective, andย  it means suspicious or not trustworthy.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ fishy๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ, ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
For example, her explanationย  sounded fishy, not trustworthy.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ฉ๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
Or you could say I knew the dealย  was bogus because he was fishy.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ฉ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์งœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
He wasn't trustworthy.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Now let's listen to some real.
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
02:41
World Examples.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
02:42
It's going.
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๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:43
To seem fishy.
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02:43
If you only pick Sierra Games for the bad example,ย ย 
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๋น„๋ฆฐ๋‚ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
๋‚˜์œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์—๋ผ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ฆˆ๋งŒ ๊ผฝ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:45
you might think something'sย  fishy with this next building.
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์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
But don't worry, it's meant to be that way.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์›๋ž˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:50
But there's something fishy about this formula.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ณต์‹์—๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
#3 scramble, scramble, scramble.
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#3 ์ถœ๊ฒฉ, ์ถœ๊ฒฉ, ์ถœ๊ฒฉ.
02:59
Do you know this word?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
03:01
Well, these are scrambled eggs,ย ย 
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šคํฌ๋žจ๋ธ” ์—๊ทธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
and the verb to scramble can mean to mixย  eggs together to produce scrambled eggs.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Šคํฌ๋žจ๋ธ”์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„๋ž€์„ ์„ž์–ด์„œ ์Šคํฌ๋žจ๋ธ” ์—๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
Do you like scrambled eggs?
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์Šคํฌ๋žจ๋ธ” ์—๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
03:14
But listen to this example.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:17
If we don't scramble, we'll miss the flight.
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์ถœ๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋†“์น  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
03:21
Do you know how it's being used in this case?
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
03:23
In this example, it's a verb, and it means to moveย  or act quickly or in a hurried, disorderly way.
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์„œ๋‘๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ฌด์งˆ์„œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ ์ „์— ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋๋‚ด๊ธฐ
03:33
You could say she had to scramble toย  finish the project before the deadline,ย ย 
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์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ„์ฃผํžˆ ์›€์ง์—ฌ์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:39
so she had to hurry, but it wasย  very chaotic and disorganized.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์งˆ์„œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
Or you could say the team scrambled to findย  a replacement after the speaker cancelled.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์†Œ๋œ ํ›„ ํŒ€์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•ˆ๊ฐ„ํž˜์„ ์ผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:50
Now let's listen to some real.
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
03:52
World Examples.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
03:53
To be a seeker is to want toย  scramble the self and reconstitute.
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๊ตฌ๋„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์•„๋ฅผ ๋’ค์„ž๊ณ  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
I scrambled to get the ladder and theย  yardstick and duct tape it to a broom handle.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€ ๋•ํ…Œ์ดํ”„๋ฅผ ๋น—์ž๋ฃจ ์†์žก์ด์— ๋ถ™์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ์• ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
They scramble to latch ontoย  the backs of passing females.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์•”์ปท์˜ ๋“ฑ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋ถ™๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•ˆ๊ฐ„ํž˜์„ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:09
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the Finally Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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TV,
04:20
the movies, YouTube, and the news.
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
So you can improve your listeningย  skills of fast English, expand yourย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
04:27
vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
04:35
You can look in the descriptionย  for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
04:39
or you can go to my website andย  click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ Final Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:43
Now, let's continue with ourย  lesson #4 hunch, hunch, hunch.
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์ด์ œ 4๊ฐ•์˜ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ, ์˜ˆ๊ฐ, ์˜ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
Do you know this word?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
04:55
This is a noun, and it's a feelingย  or a guess based on intuition,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ง๊ด€์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ถ”์ธก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Your gut feeling rather than known facts.
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์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
For example, I had a hunch the deal was bogus.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์งœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
So I had this feeling inside.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
That is a hunch.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง๊ฐ์ด๋‹ค.
05:16
Now notice it's a noun.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž„์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:17
So the verb here is to have a hunch.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
You could say she had a hunch herย  story was fishy, not trustworthy.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
Or you could say my hunch is the noun.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‚ด ์ง๊ฐ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
My hunches are usually right.
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๋‚ด ์˜ˆ๊ฐ์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์˜ณ๋‹ค.
05:34
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
And one of the engineers on the team had a hunch.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŒ€์˜ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์ง๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
We tested her and her hunch proved correct.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ง๊ฐ์ด ๋งž์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
What's your, I guess best hunch of whatย  that content type looks like in the future?
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๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์œ ํ˜•์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์ผ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์˜ˆ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
05:45
How are you doing so far with theseย  words #5 cringe, cringe, cringe?
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#5 ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค๋‹ค, โ€‹โ€‹์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค๋‹ค, โ€‹โ€‹์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
05:53
Do you know this?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:55
This is a verb, and it's to feel embarrassed orย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ,
06:00
uncomfortable, often as a reactionย  to something awkward or unpleasant.
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์ข…์ข… ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
The best way to explain thisย  is to look at my reaction.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‚ด ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
That is to cringe when you do that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋•Œ ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
So you might say I cringe every time I rememberย  spilling coffee on everyone in a job interview.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ทจ์—… ๋ฉด์ ‘์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์Ÿ์•˜๋˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
I think of it and I cringe.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ ๋‹ค.
06:28
Or he cringed at the thought ofย  having to give a speech in public.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:34
Or just thinking about thatย  fishy guy makes me cringe.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ์†Œ๋ฆ„์ด ๋‹๋Š”๋‹ค.
06:40
Now as a bonus, you could alsoย  say her response was so cringe.
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์ด์ œ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์†Œ๋ฆ„๋ผ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
What do you notice here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
06:50
Her response was so cringe.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜ค์‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
In this case, it's an adjective toย  be cringe or to be cringe worthy.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” be cringe ๋˜๋Š” to be cringe worth๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
And this is the same as saying herย  response made me cringe, made me cringe.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์˜ค๊ทธ๋ผ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์˜ค๊ทธ๋ผ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
This is very trendy right now.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์œ ํ–‰์ด์—์š”.
07:12
People are using cringe as an adjective.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ cringe๋ฅผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
That's why I'm sharing it with you.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
Let's review some real world examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
Your message is just so she knows you're jokingย  because that's going to come off kind of cringe.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋†๋‹ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ง์€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์†Œ๋ฆ„๋ผ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
I cringe though when I'mย  word to as a finger painter.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ ํ™”๊ฐ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:28
There's so many things that beginnersย  do that make me cringe though.
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์ดˆ๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆ„์ด ๋‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
Number six, Aloof, aloof.
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์—ฌ์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
Aloof.
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์Œ€์Œ€ํ•œ.
07:37
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
07:38
This is an adjective, and it means not friendlyย  or warm, so it means distant and detached.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ, ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฉ€๊ณ  ์ดˆ์—ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
She seemed aloof, but she's just shy.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•ด ๋ณด์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค์Œ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
His aloof attitude made itย  hard to get to know him.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
Teachers can't come across as aloof.
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๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
We can't come across as distance.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
We have to come across as friendly.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
We never got his transcriptsย  and they say he's kind of aloof.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์„ฑ์ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
My peers and my boss all thoughtย  I was aloof and arrogant.
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
I became very, very aloof and removed and.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•ด์กŒ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
Was a loner #7 fluster, fluster, fluster.
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์™ธํ†จ์ด #7 ๋‹นํ™ฉ, ๋‹นํ™ฉ, ๋‹นํ™ฉ.
08:30
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
08:31
This is a verb, and it's to makeย  someone nervous, confused, or agitated.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋™์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
For example, she gets flustered easily when sheย  travels, so she gets nervous but also agitated.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•ด์„œ ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™์š”๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
Or you could say the unexpectedย  question flustered the speaker.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
In this case it's an active verb.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
In the past, simple, but it'sย  very common to use this in theย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:58
passive voice and say the speaker wasย  flustered by the unexpected question.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
Let's listen to some.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
09:07
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
09:09
Darrow does manage to fluster Brian on the standย  over issues of interpretation of Scripture,ย ย 
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Darrow๋Š”
09:14
except the fluster of Lost Door keys.
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์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๋ฌธ ์—ด์‡ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•จ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ๊ฒฝ ํ•ด์„ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ Brian์„ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Elizabeth Bishop amusingly says in one art.
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์—˜๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฒ ์Šค ๋น„์ˆ(Elizabeth Bishop)์€ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์—์„œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
Fluster over in the Blackย  community #8 Quirk quirk quirk.
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ํ‘์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ #8 Quirk quirk quirk์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:28
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
09:29
This is a noun, and it means a strange or unusualย  trait or characteristic of someone or something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
For example, one of her quirks, so one ofย  her strange and unusual personality traits.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ํŠน์„ฑ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
One of her quirks is that sheย  always wears mismatched socks.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง์ด ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์–‘๋ง์„ ์‹ ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
So her socks might be two differentย  styles or two different colors.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์–‘๋ง์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
That's her unusual or strange personality trait.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํŠน์ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
Her quirk.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ .
09:59
Or the house had its quirks, like doorsย  that creaked that creaked at night.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ง‘์—๋Š” ๋ฐค์— ์‚๊ฑฑ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:08
His quirky sense of humor makes him stand out.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐœํ•œ ์œ ๋จธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋‹๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
10:12
So notice here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:13
This is a slight change because quirkyย  is the adjective that's fun to say.
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quirky๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
Quirky.
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๊ธฐ๋ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค.
10:19
His quirky sense of humor.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐœํ•œ ์œ ๋จธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ.
10:21
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
It's maybe just a a weird psychological quirkย  of contemporary intellectuals and academics,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ง€์‹์ธ๊ณผ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
10:30
and maybe it passes with time, so.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
That that's sort of her funny quirk.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
Kind of thought to himself is is this a one off?
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์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผํšŒ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:35
Is this a quirk or does the sun always do this?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:38
#9 trivial, trivial, trivial.
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#9 ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ, ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ, ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ.
10:44
Do you know this?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:46
It's an adjective, and it meansย  of little value or importance.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ๋กœ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ
10:52
Don't waste time on trivial matters, unimportantย  matters when the deadline is approachingย ย 
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์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
10:59
or the argument was over somethingย  so trivial, so unimportant.
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.
11:06
Now you can also use this as a trivial problem,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
which is a problem that's easy to solve,ย  but we commonly use this in the negative.
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์ด๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
For example, learning English isn't trivial.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
This is another way of sayingย  learning English is difficult.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:24
It isn't trivial.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
Think of these things as relatively trivial,ย  but the memories of vogue can be powerful.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์–ต์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
It may seem like a trivial in pursuit.
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์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
It's actually almost trivial thatย  there will be gravitational waves.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ค‘๋ ฅํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
#10 vent, vent, vent.
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#10 ํ†ตํ’๊ตฌ, ํ†ตํ’๊ตฌ, ํ†ตํ’๊ตฌ.
11:46
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
11:48
Well, this is a vent.
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ†ตํ’๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
Well, listen to this example sentence.
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์ž, ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:54
She needed to vent aboutย  her stressful day at work.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ํ„ธ์–ด๋†“์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
Do you know what it means in this example?
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
12:01
Well, here it's a verb and it meansย  to express strong negative emotionsย ย 
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์Œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ
12:07
such as anger or frustration, but to doย  that in a forceful and uncontrolled way.
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๋ถ„๋…ธ๋‚˜ ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ํ†ต์ œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
For example, you might offer to your friend,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋ฌธ์ œ
12:16
call me if you need to vent about yourย  in laws, if you need to talk aboutย ย 
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ๋ฉด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
12:21
the situation in a negative way for a longย  period of time, call me if you need to vent.
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
Or you could say the meeting was a waste of time.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ญ๋น„์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
The client vented aboutย  trivial matters the whole time.
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๊ณ ๊ฐ์€ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:37
Let's listen to some real world examples, but Iย  wanted to vent a little bit if you will allow me.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
It's healthy.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์š”.
12:44
That's how Europeans vent.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ™˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
How many do you know so far?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
12:48
Let's review the final 5 #11 nudge, nudge, nudge.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ 5๊ฐœ #11 ๋„›์ง€, ๋„›์ง€, ๋„›์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
12:58
Well, this is to nudge.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„›์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
It's a verb, and it's to push someone orย  something, but gently, often with an elbow.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ, ์ข…์ข… ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
And you would do this to get their attentionย  or to encourage them to do something.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
For example, she gave him a gentleย  nudge to remind him to speak up,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฟก์ฟก ์ฐ”๋ €๊ณ ,
13:22
or he nudged the door open withย  his foot when his hands were full.
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์†์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐœ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฟก์ฟก ์ฐ”๋Ÿฌ ์—ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
So you don't always have to use thisย  with an elbow, but it is the most common.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
How about this example?
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:36
My teacher's words gave me the nudgeย  I needed to start speaking in public.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ๋ง์”€์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ค‘ ์•ž์—์„œ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
In this case, you can replace theย  word nudge with encouragement.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋„›์ง€๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฉ๋ ค๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
The nudge I needed.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋„›์ง€.
13:50
The encouragement I needed.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฉ๋ ค.
13:53
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
No curves that would nudge drivers to take itย  slow, and sometimes we need a little nudge.
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์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณก์„ ์€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
But isn't there a danger that even ifย  you give them a nudge, they won't budget?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ด์ง ์ฐ”๋Ÿฌ๋„ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ์ฑ…์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์—†๋‚˜์š”?
14:07
#12 glitch glitch glitch.
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#12 ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์น˜ ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์น˜ ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์น˜.
14:12
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
14:14
It's a noun, and it's a minor problem or fault,ย ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ์ 
14:18
but that causes a temporary error, and thisย  is often used with technological problems.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
For example, there was a glitchย  in the system that caused a delay.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ง€์—ฐ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
Or the new video game still has a fewย  glitches, a few problems or faults.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฐํ•จ, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
The glitch in the softwareย  was fixed before the deadline.
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์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ ์ „์— ์ˆ˜์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
The critic has observed a glitch in the system.
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๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
I mean, it's, you know, just a littleย  glitch in the in the overall story.
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
Apologize for the technical glitch.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ๊ฒฐํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
#13 posh, posh, posh.
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#13 ํฌ์‰ฌ, ํฌ์‰ฌ, ํฌ์‰ฌ.
15:02
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
15:03
It's an adjective and it meansย  elegant, stylish or luxurious.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ์•„ํ•จ, ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋ฆฌ์‹œํ•จ, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
They stayed at a posh hotel during their vacation.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํœด๊ฐ€ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ˜ธํ…”์— ๋ฌต์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
She always dresses in poshย  outfits for special occasions.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‚ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ž…์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
The restaurant had a poshย  atmosphere and excellent service.
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๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
Luxury yachts line the Marina and poshย  hotels and showy cars flash up the promenade.
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๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์—๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์š”ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ค„์ง€์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ˜ธํ…”๊ณผ ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋น›๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
3 out of the four criminalsย  masqueraded as posh females.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž 4๋ช… ์ค‘ 3๋ช…์€ ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
Webhooks.
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์›นํ›….
15:39
It's the new posh way to say call back.
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์ฝœ๋ฐฑ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
#14 blunder, blunder, blunder.
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#14 ์‹ค์ˆ˜, ์‹ค์ˆ˜, ์‹ค์ˆ˜.
15:48
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
15:50
This is a noun, and it's aย  careless or stupid mistake.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
For example, he made a huge blunder byย  sending the e-mail to the wrong person.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
So that's a careless mistakeย  that is easy to avoid.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
So that's a blunder.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:08
Or you could say the blunder because it's a noun.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
The blunder cost them millions in lost revenue.
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๊ทธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
Or you could say she tried to laugh offย  the blunder but it was too cringe worthy.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์›ƒ์–ด ๋„˜๊ธฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
Or to sound very trendy, youย  can say, but it was too cringe.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ํŠธ๋ Œ๋””ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
Remember that image of cringe?
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๊ทธ ์›€์ธ ๋Ÿฌ๋“œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
16:32
Now let's listen to some.
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
16:33
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
16:35
Was this just another La Laย  Land blunder like at the Oscars?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค์Šค์นด์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ La La Land ์‹ค์ˆ˜์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
16:39
#4 and that was a colossal blunder on his part.
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#4 ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
See.
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16:43
I mean the classic blenderย  of not feeling it first.
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๋ณด๋‹ค.
๋‚ด ๋ง์€ ํด๋ž˜์‹ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ € ๋Š๊ปด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
#15 clumsy, clumsy, clumsy.
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#15 ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅธ, ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅธ, ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅธ.
16:54
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
16:56
It's an adjective.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
It definitely describes me at times.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:01
It means awkward in movement or handling thingsย  and often leading to accidents or mistakes.
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์ด๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด ์ทจ๊ธ‰์ด ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข…์ข… ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
Remember I said this describes me sometimes?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋” ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
17:14
Well, this is a true example.
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
Because I'm clumsy, I'm notย  allowed to wash certain dishes.
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์ €๋Š” ์„œํˆด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน์ • ์„ค๊ฑฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
We have some dishes that are moreย  expensive and therefore more fragile.
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๋” ๋น„์‹ธ์„œ ๋” ๊นจ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์š”๋ฆฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:27
They break easily and I have broken many of themย ย 
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ณ , ๋งŽ์ด ๊นจ๋œจ๋ฆฐ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
17:32
because I'm a little clumsy withย  objects, I easily drop things.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์„œํˆด๋Ÿฌ์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
17:37
So because of that, I am now notย  allowed to wash certain dishes.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์ œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์„ค๊ฑฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:42
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
17:43
Are you clumsy at all?
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์ „ํ˜€ ์„œํˆด๋Ÿฌ์š”?
17:44
Or you could say the clumsy waiter spilled coffeeย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅธ ์›จ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ
17:48
all over the table or she felt clumsyย  wearing high heels for the first time.
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ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ์ „์ฒด์— ์Ÿ์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ดํž์„ ์‹ ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„œํˆด๋Ÿฌ์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:57
Now let's listen to some.
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
17:58
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
18:00
You just said it sort ofย  starts a little bit clumsy.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
18:02
You didn't know what you're doing.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
There will be times where theย  relationship is clumsy or mishandled.
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๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž˜๋ชป ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
You know, this is just clumsy little baby step.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅธ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฑธ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
How many words did you know from that section?
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์„น์…˜์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
18:12
Share your score in the comments andย  let's move on to more intermediate words.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:18
Our first word, rusty.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋…น์Šฌ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
Rusty.
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๋…น์Šจ.
18:23
Do you know this word rusty?
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๋…น์Šจ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
18:27
Well, this pipe is rusty, whichย  means it's covered in rust.
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์Œ, ์ด ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋Š” ๋…น์Šฌ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ฆ‰, ๋…น์ด ๋ฎ์—ฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
18:34
But what if I said my speakingย  skills are a little rusty?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ์ข€ ๋…น์Šฌ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
18:41
What does this mean?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:43
Well, in this context, rusty is an adjective andย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ Rusty๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ „
18:47
it's a skill that isn't as good as itย  once was because of lack of practice.
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๋งŒํผ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:56
So if your English is rusty, not as good asย  it once was because you haven't practiced.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋…น์Šฌ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ˆ์ „๋งŒํผ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:03
If your English is rusty, I'm here to help.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ๋…น์Šฌ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
So Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„๋๋‚˜์š”?
19:08
Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„๋๋‚˜์š”?
19:09
If you are put let's go, let's go,ย  put, let's go in the comments andย ย 
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๋†”๋‘์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”, ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”, ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”, ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
19:14
don't worry about taking these notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
19:19
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:22
Now let's listen to some real world examples soย ย 
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์ด์ œ
19:25
you can improve your listening skillsย  and also shadow the pronunciation.
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:31
I'm very rusty.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋…น์Šฌ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:32
I'm I'm a little rusty.
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์ €๋Š” ์ข€ ๋…น์Šฌ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
19:33
Hope I'm not rusty.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋…น์Šฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:34
Our next word?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ง์€์š”?
19:36
Tangled.
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์–ฝํžŒ.
19:38
Tangled.
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์–ฝํžŒ.
19:40
Do you know this word Tangled?
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์–ฝํžŒ(Tangled)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
19:44
This is an adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:46
It means twisted togetherย  in a confused, untidy mass.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์–ด์ˆ˜์„ ํ•œ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋’คํ‹€๋ ค ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€
19:52
These are some old earphones I have that Iย  haven't used in years, and they are tangled.
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ด์–ดํฐ์ธ๋ฐ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์—‰์ผœ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:00
They are twisted together in a mass, aย  heap, and it's of course very untidy.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด์ˆ˜์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:08
So these are tangled.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์—‰์ผœ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:11
I could ask you, can you helpย  me untangle my headphones?
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๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ—ค๋“œํฐ์„ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
20:16
Now here tangle is a verb and I usedย  it in the opposite meeting untangle.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ tangle์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋ชจ์ž„ untangle์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
20:23
So if you want to help me untangleย  these then you would try to separateย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
20:28
them into a tidy organizedย  chord so I can use them.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊น”๋”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ฆฌ๋œ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
Now, I also use this adjective every single dayย  because my hair gets so tangled when it's wet.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ด ์ –์œผ๋ฉด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—‰ํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋„ ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:43
It's in a mass, and it's veryย  difficult to brush when it's wet.
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๋ญ‰์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด ์ –์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:48
So I'm sure you can relateย  to either your cords or yourย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜
20:52
hair or rope or something else getting tangled.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ, ๋ฐง์ค„ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—‰ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
Let's listen to some.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
20:58
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
21:00
He became tangled in the ropes,ย  tangled webs, tangled in the sails.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐง์ค„, ์–ฝํžŒ ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ์ค„, ๋›์— ์—‰ํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:05
Our next word?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ง์€์š”?
21:06
Crumpled.
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๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„.
21:08
Crumpled.
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๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„.
21:10
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
21:11
Crumpled.
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๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„.
21:15
This is an adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
It means crushed into a compact maskย  or folded up in an irregular way.
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์ฝคํŒฉํŠธํ•œ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋กœ ๋ญ‰๊ฐœ์ง€ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ‘ํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:24
So here's a crumpled shirt.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:27
So this shirt is crumpled.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋„ค์š”.
21:29
Here's a crumpled shirt Iย  found in my husband's closet.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚จํŽธ ์˜ท์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
Now, I could crumple this shirt.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
21:36
So right now, if I take it and I goย  like this, that's the verb to crumple.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ˆ์š”.
21:42
And this is something that youย  might do with a piece of paper.
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์ด๋Š” ์ข…์ด ํ•œ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:49
Let's listen to some real.
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์‹ค์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
21:51
World Examples.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
21:52
In this case, it's just a simpleย  crumpled up piece of aluminum foil.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์•Œ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋Š„ ํ˜ธ์ผ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:56
So it's a little crumpled.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:58
It got a little crumpled.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋„ค์š”.
22:01
Next, wrinkled.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์ด ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:03
Wrinkled.
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์ฃผ๋ฆ„.
22:05
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
22:06
Wrinkled.
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์ฃผ๋ฆ„.
22:08
This means having small linesย  or folds on the surface.
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์ด๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์ž‘์€ ์„ ์ด๋‚˜ ์ ‘ํžŒ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:14
Remember this crumpled shirt?
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์ด ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
22:17
Well, this shirt is also veryย  wrinkled and very stained and old.
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์Œ, ์ด ์…”์ธ ๋„ ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ง€๊ณ  ์–ผ๋ฃฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ง€๊ณ  ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
22:25
But wrinkled.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์ด ์กŒ์–ด์š”.
22:27
That is the lines on the shirt.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์…”์ธ ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ธ์ด์—์š”.
22:31
You can use this as a noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:34
Wrinkles.
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์ฃผ๋ฆ„.
22:35
I'm getting wrinkles lines on my face.
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์–ผ๊ตด์— ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์‚ด์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
22:40
Or you can use this as a verb to wrinkle.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
We commonly use this with our nose to wrinkle.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฝ” ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:48
She wrinkled her nose at the smell.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์— ์ฝ”๋ฅผ ์ฐก๊ธ‹ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
22:51
Now let's listen to some.
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
22:52
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
22:54
Let the laundry get wrinkledย  and the dishes sit for a bit.
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์„ธํƒ๋ฌผ์— ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์ ‘์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ž ์‹œ ๋†“์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”.
22:58
You have a few more wrinkles.
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์ฃผ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ๋” ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
23:00
I found a wrinkle.
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์ฃผ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
23:02
Our next word?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ง์€์š”?
23:03
Flimsy.
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์–‡์€.
23:05
Flimsy.
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์–‡์€.
23:07
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
23:08
Flimsy.
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์–‡์€.
23:10
This is an adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:12
It means light and thin or easily destroyed.
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๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ณ  ์–‡๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์„œ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
23:16
It can also mean weak or difficult to believe.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
For example, the chair was too flimsy toย  hold much weight, so the chair was veryย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•ฝํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์ง€ํƒฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์„œ ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ
23:28
light or thin, so it was easilyย  destroyed with weight on it.
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๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–‡์•„์„œ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์„œ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:34
It was flimsy.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด์„คํ”ˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:36
You might say she gave aย  flimsy excuse for being late.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–„ํŒํ•œ ๋ณ€๋ช…์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:43
Her excuse was weak.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ณ€๋ช…์€ ์•ฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
23:45
It wasn't easy to believe.
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๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:47
It was flimsy.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด์„คํ”ˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:49
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:51
Pretty flimsy evidence looks kind of flimsy.
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์•„์ฃผ ํ—ˆ์ˆ ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์–ด์„คํ”„๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:55
Some flimsy excuse.
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์ข€ ์–ด์„คํ”ˆ ๋ณ€๋ช….
23:57
How are you doing so far?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”?
23:58
Our next word?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ง์€์š”?
24:00
Feisty.
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๊ฑฐ์นจ์—†๋‹ค.
24:02
Feisty.
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๊ฑฐ์นจ์—†๋‹ค.
24:04
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
24:05
Feisty.
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๊ฑฐ์นจ์—†๋‹ค.
24:06
This means lively, determined and courageous.
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์ด๋Š” ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๋‹จ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฉ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:11
My cat was very feisty.
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑฐ์นจ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
24:15
As a.
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24:15
Kitten, like most kitten and youngย  children, but also adults, can be feisty.
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๋กœ.
์ƒˆ๋ผ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์–ด๋ฅธ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋‚˜์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:22
You could say he feistilyย  notice this is an adverb.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ด์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:27
He feistily defended his opinion.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฑฐ์นจ์—†์ด ์˜นํ˜ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
24:31
He did it with a lot of strengthย  and courage and determination.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํž˜ ๊ณผ ์šฉ๊ธฐ, ๊ฒฐ๋‹จ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:36
Now let's listen to some.
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
24:38
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
24:40
She's super feisty super and I like it.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์—ด์ •์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:43
Feisty, strong willed, feisty little barmaid.
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ํ˜ˆ๊ธฐ์™•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ˜ˆ๊ธฐ์™•์„ฑํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฐ”ํ…๋”.
24:47
Next.
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๋‹ค์Œ.
24:48
Savvy.
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์‹ค์ œ์  ์ง€์‹.
24:50
Savvy.
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์‹ค์ œ์  ์ง€์‹.
24:51
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
24:53
Savvy.
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์‹ค์ œ์  ์ง€์‹.
24:54
This is an adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:56
It means practical knowledge and understanding.
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์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:00
She's quite savvy about digital marketing.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฝค ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:05
Or I could ask you, are you tech savvy?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:07
Do you have practical skills andย  knowledge and abilities with technology?
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์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ์ง€์‹, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:15
Are you tech savvy?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์ •ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:16
You can use this as a noun, his business savvy.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์ •ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:21
So here it's a noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:23
It's something his practical knowledge ofย  business, his business savvy helped him succeed.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค๋ฌด์  ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ†ตํ•จ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:29
Now let's listen to some.
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
25:31
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
25:32
He's very savvy.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ •ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:34
She's the savvy one.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ •ํ†ตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:36
It's Internet savvy and function.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ •ํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:39
Next Dull.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‘”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
25:41
Dull.
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๋”ฐ๋ถ„ํ•œ.
25:43
Do you know this one?
398
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
25:45
Dull.
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๋”ฐ๋ถ„ํ•œ.
25:47
The knife on the left is dull,ย  which means it's not sharp.
400
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์™ผ์ชฝ ์นผ์€ ๋ฌด๋”˜๋ฐ, ๋‚ ์นด๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
25:54
But what if I said this lesson is so dull?
401
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
26:00
What does that mean?
402
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”?
26:02
Well, here it's an adjective.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:03
It means lacking interest or excitement.
404
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
Hopefully you don't think that.
405
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๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:10
Hopefully you think this lesson isn't dull.
406
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:13
It's exciting, it's engaging.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:16
Is that how you feel?
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
26:18
If so, put that's right, that's right,ย  put that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
26:22
And if you do think it's dull, feel freeย  to let me know so I can improve and makeย ย 
410
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:28
them more exciting for you.
411
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.
26:30
Now let's listen to some real world.
412
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:32
Called examples.
413
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:33
Dull.
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๋”ฐ๋ถ„ํ•œ.
26:34
Not dull, you're dull.
415
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด์š”.
26:36
Sounds dull.
416
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
26:38
Next, Vivid.
417
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋น„๋น„๋“œ.
26:42
Vivid.
418
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์ƒ์ƒํ•œ.
26:43
Do you know this one?
419
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
26:45
Vivid.
420
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์ƒ์ƒํ•œ.
26:46
This is an adjective.
421
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์—
26:48
It means brightly colored or producing powerfulย  feelings or strong, clear images in the mind.
422
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๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰์„ ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:58
First, let's look at this example.
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๋จผ์ € ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:00
I love the vivid colors in this painting.
424
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์˜ ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
27:04
In this case, it means bright, bright colors.
425
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐ๊ณ  ๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:08
I love the vivid colors, but you mightย  say I had a vivid dream last night.
426
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฟˆ์„ ๊ฟจ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
27:18
O here a vivid dream means that you canย  remember your dream very powerfully.
427
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์•„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฟˆ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฟˆ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:25
You remember all the details of your dream.
428
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฟˆ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:29
You can use this as an adverbย  and say he vividly remembers his.
429
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:35
Wedding day.
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹ ๋‚ .
27:36
He remembers every detail.
431
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:38
He has a very clear mental image.
432
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:41
Let's listen to some real.
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์‹ค์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
27:42
World Examples.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
27:44
We don't know how to tell thisย  generative story of us as vividly.
435
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:50
Really vivid.
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์ •๋ง ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด์š”.
27:51
Like, really?
437
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์ •๋ง์š”?
27:52
Vivid things.
438
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์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค.
27:54
Our next word?
439
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ง์€์š”?
27:55
Hideous.
440
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๋”์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
27:58
Hideous.
441
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๋”์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
28:00
Do you know this one?
442
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
28:01
Hideous.
443
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1800
๋”์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
28:03
This is an adjective.
444
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:05
It means extremely ugly orย  unpleasant, you might say.
445
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๋งค์šฐ ์ถ”์•…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:11
That hideous statue gave me vivid nightmares.
446
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๊ทธ ํ‰์ธกํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ์•…๋ชฝ์„ ์„ ์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
28:17
So the nightmares were vivid.
447
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•…๋ชฝ์ด ์ƒ์ƒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
28:19
There was a very clear image in yourย  mind because of the hideous statue.
448
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๊ทธ ํ‰์ธกํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งˆ์Œ์†์—๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:27
Or you might say the bathroom was pink.
449
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์ด ๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:31
When we moved in, it was hideous.
450
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์‚ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:36
Of course, not everyone would agree with that,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
28:39
but maybe to you, the colorย  pink in a bathroom is hideous.
452
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์š•์‹ค์˜ ํ•‘ํฌ์ƒ‰์ด ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:43
Now let's listen to some.
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
28:45
Real world examples.
454
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
28:47
Is it hideous?
455
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?
28:48
That's hideous.
456
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์ •๋ง ๋”์ฐํ•ด์š”.
28:49
I'm hideous.
457
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1640
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
28:50
Our next word?
458
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ง์€์š”?
28:52
Frugal.
459
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๊ฒ€์†Œํ•œ.
28:54
Frugal.
460
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๊ฒ€์†Œํ•œ.
28:55
Do you know this one?
461
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
28:57
Frugal.
462
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๊ฒ€์†Œํ•œ.
28:59
This is an adjective.
463
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:00
It means careful to use only as much money orย  other resources, but mainly money as necessary.
464
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ž์›์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋˜ ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋งŒํผ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ฃผ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:11
For example, Warren Buffett is aย  billionaire, but he's very frugal.
465
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์›Œ๋ Œ ๋ฒ„ํ•์€ ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฒ€์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:17
Did you know that he onlyย  spends a small amount of money?
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์†Œ์•ก์˜ ๋ˆ๋งŒ ์“ด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
29:23
You might say my parents live a frugalย  life, so here it describes the life of.
467
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ๊ฒ€์†Œํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์˜ ์ƒํ™œ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:30
Frugal life.
468
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๊ฒ€์†Œํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ.
29:32
Let's listen to some real world examples.
469
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:35
So I'm frugal.
470
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:37
So he's frugal.
471
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:39
He was frugal.
472
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:40
You know, he was born frugal.
473
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:42
Maybe department?
474
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ถ€์„œ?
29:43
Our next word?
475
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ง์€์š”?
29:45
Lavish.
476
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ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ.
29:46
Lavish.
477
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ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ.
29:48
Do you know this one?
478
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
29:49
Lavish.
479
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ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ.
29:51
This is an adjective.
480
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:52
It means more than enough, more thanย  necessary, more than reasonable.
481
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์ด๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•จ ์ด์ƒ, ํ•„์š” ์ด์ƒ, ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ์ด์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:58
They're usually frugal, butย  their wedding was lavish.
482
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๊ฒ€์†Œํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹์€ ํ˜ธํ™”๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:04
So you can imagine a very expensive wedding.
483
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์‹ผ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:08
Expensive clothes, expensiveย  food, expensive decorations.
484
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๋น„์‹ผ ์˜ท, ๋น„์‹ผ ์Œ์‹, ๋น„์‹ผ ์žฅ์‹ํ’ˆ.
30:13
The wedding was lavish.
485
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹์€ ํ˜ธํ™”๋กœ์› ๋‹ค.
30:16
Or perhaps our new office is lavish.
486
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ƒˆ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์ด ํ˜ธํ™”๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:20
It even has an indoor swimming pool, somethingย  you would rarely find in a corporate office.
487
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ์‹ค๋‚ด ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:28
Let's listen to some.
488
1828080
1080
๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
30:29
Real world examples.
489
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2160
์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
30:31
His rewards for loyalty are lavish.
490
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์ถฉ์„ฑ์‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:34
This event has been somewhat lavish.
491
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋Š” ์ข€ ํ˜ธํ™”๋กœ์› ์–ด์š”.
30:36
No big halls or lavish dinners.
492
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ํฐ ํ™€์ด๋‚˜ ํ˜ธํ™”๋กœ์šด ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:39
Next.
493
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960
๋‹ค์Œ.
30:40
Vigorous.
494
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์›๊ธฐ ์™•์„ฑํ•œ.
30:42
Vigorous.
495
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1560
์›๊ธฐ ์™•์„ฑํ•œ.
30:44
Do you know this one?
496
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
30:45
Vigorous.
497
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์›๊ธฐ ์™•์„ฑํ•œ.
30:47
This is an adjective.
498
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1120
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:48
It means strong, healthy, full of energy.
499
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๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:52
He's known for his vigorous workout routines,ย ย 
500
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•œ ์šด๋™ ๋ฃจํ‹ด์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ
30:55
so his routines, his workoutย  routines are very energetic.
501
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฃจํ‹ด, ์šด๋™ ๋ฃจํ‹ด์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„˜์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:00
Or she vigorously defended theย  company against allegations of fraud.
502
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๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ ํ˜์˜์— ๋งž์„œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
31:07
So here, notice it's an adverbย  she vigorously defended.
503
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜นํ˜ธํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
31:12
Now let's listen to some.
504
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
31:13
Real world examples.
505
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
31:15
I feel vigorous, strong, spirited, vigorous.
506
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„˜์น˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ณ , ํ™œ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:19
Next, tenacious.
507
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ˆ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:23
Tenacious.
508
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๋ˆ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š”.
31:25
Do you recognize this word tenacious?
509
1885360
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์ด ๋ˆ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
31:28
This is an adjective.
510
1888880
1240
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:30
It means persistent, determined, and alsoย  stubborn, but is generally a positive adjective.
511
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๋ˆ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์™„๊ณ ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:38
Her tenacious attitude helped her becomeย  fluent or she tenaciously noticed the adverb.
512
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ˆ์งˆ๊ธด ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ์งˆ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:47
She tenaciously pursued her goals.
513
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ˆ์งˆ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:52
You could use this as a noun.
514
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1800
์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:53
Her tenacity.
515
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1680
๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ˆ๊ธฐ.
31:55
Repeat after me tenacity.
516
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2160
๋ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
31:57
Her tenacity is her greatest strength.
517
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4560
๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ˆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฅ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:02
Let's listen to some real world examples.
518
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:05
Brave, tenacious, spirited.
519
1925040
2160
์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ˆ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ™œ๋ ฅ์ด ๋„˜์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:07
She's tenacious.
520
1927200
1760
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ˆ๊ธฐ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:08
He's tenacious.
521
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ˆ๊ธฐ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:10
Our final word?
522
1930240
1600
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ง์€์š”?
32:11
Preposterous.
523
1931840
2600
ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋‹ค.
32:14
Preposterous.
524
1934440
2080
ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋‹ค.
32:16
Do you recognize this?
525
1936520
1440
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
32:17
Preposterous.
526
1937960
2480
ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋‹ค.
32:20
This is an adjective.
527
1940440
1080
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:21
It means very silly or very stupid.
528
1941520
4520
์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค, ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
32:26
That idea is preposterous.
529
1946040
4120
๊ทธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋‹ค.
32:30
Or maybe someone says, hey, youย  should unsubscribe from J Forceย ย 
530
1950160
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ J Forceย ย  English ๊ตฌ๋…์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” '
32:34
English and you reply and say,ย  I'm not going to unsubscribe.
531
1954880
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋…์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:39
That's preposterous.
532
1959520
1760
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:41
So that that represents unsubscribing.
533
1961280
3960
์ด๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋… ์ทจ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:45
That's preposterous.
534
1965240
1680
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:46
That's very silly or very stupid.
535
1966920
2520
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ผ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:49
Hopefully you agree with thatย  because these lessons are not dull.
536
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ์ ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:54
If you agree, put that's right, that's right,ย ย 
537
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค,
32:56
put that's right in the commentsย  and let's listen to some.
538
1976800
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๋งž๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
33:00
Real world examples.
539
1980680
2080
์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
33:02
That's preposterous.
540
1982760
2080
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:04
It's.
541
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280
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€.
33:05
Preposterous.
542
1985120
1160
ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋‹ค.
33:06
It's definitely preposterous.
543
1986280
1760
ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋‹ค.
33:08
So how are you doing so far?
544
1988040
1360
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”?
33:09
Share your score from that section.
545
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2120
ํ•ด๋‹น ์„น์…˜์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:11
And now let's move on to 15 phrasal verbs,ย ย 
546
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3960
์ด์ œ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ค‘๊ธ‰ ์ค‘์ƒ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” 15๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
33:15
which many students find are at the moreย  intermediate upper intermediate level.
547
1995480
5880
.
33:21
Remember that phrasal verbs haveย  multiple meanings depending on context.
548
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6000
๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:27
So I'll show you the phrasalย  verb, and then I'll give youย ย 
549
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
33:30
an example sentence so you can seeย  how that phrasal verb is being used.
550
2010080
5280
๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ๋„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:35
Our first phrasal verb, Pull off.
551
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ Pull off.
33:39
I know the team can pull it off.
552
2019320
3920
๋‚˜๋Š” ํŒ€์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:43
Pull off.
553
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๋‹น๊ฒจ.
33:44
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
33:45
In this context, to pull off means to succeedย  in doing something difficult or unexpected.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ pull off๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ผ์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:53
For example, getting a high mark on your IELTSย  is challenging, but I know you'll pull it off.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, IELTS์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:02
So notice here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
34:03
I know you'll pull it off here.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ’€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:06
It means I know you'll succeed atย  getting a high mark on your IELTS.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ IELTS์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
34:13
How about this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
34:14
If you have a great teacher,ย  I know I'll pull it off.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:20
Maybe that's something you would say.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:22
I know I'll pull it off.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค.
34:24
I will be successful if I have a great.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
34:28
Teacher.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜.
34:29
And I hope I'm not great teacher for you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:31
If you agree with not putย  that's right, that's right,ย ย 
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค ๋งž๋‹ค
34:34
I'll pull it off with Jennifer's helpย  Put that's right in the comments.
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ ๋„์›€์œผ๋กœ ํ’€๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
34:40
And don't worry about taking notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
34:45
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:48
Now let's listen to some real worldย  examples using this phrasal verb.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:52
Is it something you've really managed to pull off,ย ย 
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์ •๋ง ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‚ธ ์ผ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”,
34:54
or does the Middle East reallyย  still have US kind of sucked in?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ค‘๋™์ด ์ •๋ง ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํก์ˆ˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
34:58
So how did Ukraine pullย  off such a stunning attack?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์‹œ์ผฐ์„๊นŒ์š”?
35:01
It requires a bit of confidence to pull off.
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ํ’€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:03
Our next phrase over Take off.
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Take off์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:06
Sarah's online store really took off.
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Sarah์˜ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ƒ์ ์€ ์ •๋ง ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:11
Do you know what this means?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
35:14
Take off.
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์ด๋ฅ™ํ•˜๋‹ค.
35:15
This means to become successful or popular.
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์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:19
For example, my YouTube channelย  didn't take off at first.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:24
It wasn't successful or popular at first,ย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
35:28
but I was persistent and consistentย  and eventually it took off.
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๋ˆ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:35
Eventually it became successful.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:39
I could also say, and eventually I pulled it off.
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๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฝ‘์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:45
I pulled it off.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฝ‘์•„ ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.
35:46
And in this case, it represents creatingย  and growing a successful YouTube channel.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:53
Or I could say to you, if you're consistent, yourย  English fluency and confidence will take off.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:02
Do you agree with that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
36:03
Well put.
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์ž˜ ๋„ฃ์–ด.
36:04
That's right.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
36:05
That's right put, that's right in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:08
Now let's listen to some real worldย  examples using this phrasal verb.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:13
Just to the point where your career is startingย  to take take off, you're taking on seniority.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ„์ง์„ ๋งก๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:17
After the trial, she was able toย  move away to Florence and that'sย ย 
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์žฌํŒ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ Œ์ฒด๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
36:20
where we really see her career kind of take off.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋„์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:23
But once you look at that 10 year mark and beyond,ย  that's where things really start to take off.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 10๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ํ›„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:28
Next, put off.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์„ธ์š”.
36:30
She put off scheduling her IELTS.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” IELTS ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ค˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:34
Do you know what put off means?
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์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
36:37
This means to delay or postpone doing something.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:43
She put off scheduling her IELTSย  until she mastered phrasal verbs.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ IELTS ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
36:51
Now, this means she'll schedule herย  IELTS once she masters phrasal verbs.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•œ ํ›„์— IELTS ์ผ์ •์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:59
You might say, let's put off the meeting.
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ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•˜์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:02
Let's delay the meetingย  until after the long weekend.
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๊ธด ์ฃผ๋ง์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์ž.
37:07
Or your husband or roommate might ask you, areย  we still cleaning out the garage this weekend?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‚จํŽธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฃธ๋ฉ”์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ' ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋„ ์ฐจ๊ณ  ์ฒญ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:14
And you can say let's put it off until winter.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒจ์šธ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:19
Let's delay it until winter.
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๊ฒจ์šธ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์ž.
37:23
Let's listen to some.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
37:24
Real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
37:26
Do you put off writing aย  paper until the last minute?
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ์ž‘์„ฑ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„
37:29
Just an idea being put off forย  a better time that never came.
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์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ค„๋‘๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
37:34
Bunnies and I think it's such a waste when peopleย ย 
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ํ† ๋ผ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
37:37
just put off their vacation orย  travel plans next turn around.
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์ด ํœด๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์— ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:43
How did you turn around your online store?
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋งค์žฅ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
37:47
Do you know what this means to turn around?
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๋Œ์•„์„œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
37:50
This means to take a business plan orย  system from not successful to successful.
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์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‚˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณต์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:58
For example, the new manager turnedย  the marketing department around,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋Š” ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ๋ถ€์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ
38:05
so to turn something around to take the marketingย  department from not successful to successful.
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๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ๋ถ€์„œ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:12
Or she turned around her speakingย  skills by practicing speaking every day.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋งค์ผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:19
And you can add to this and say her excellentย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ
38:22
communication skills helped herย  career take off become successful.
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์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:29
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:32
I'm hoping we can turn it around.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ
38:34
Accommodation that has turnedย  the business, turned it around.
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๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ ์ˆ™๋ฐ•์‹œ์„ค์ด ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:37
Our economy in peril, We turned it around.
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์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:40
Our next phrasal verb?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”์š”?
38:42
Call off.
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์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋Š์œผ์„ธ์š”.
38:44
Do you know why the meeting was called off?
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ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์ทจ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
38:48
Do you know what this means to call off?
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์ทจ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
38:51
This means to cancel somethingย  that was planned or scheduled.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์ •๋œ ์ผ์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:57
For example, the company hadย  to call off the conference,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
39:02
cancel the conference because of the hurricane.
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ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์ทจ์†Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:06
Now let's compare thisย  sentence to one with put off.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ put off๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:11
Remember, put off means delay.
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์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€์—ฐ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
39:14
The company had to put off theย  conference because of the hurricane.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ โ€‹โ€‹ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:19
Do you know the differenceย  between these two sentences?
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
39:23
In the first example we call off theย  conference will not happen, it is cancelled.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ทจ์†Œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:30
But in the second example, we put off theย  conference will happen, but at a later date.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋ฆด ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์—ด๋ฆด ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:38
Or you could say she called off herย  birthday party when she got sick.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์•„ํŒŒ์„œ ์ƒ์ผ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์ทจ์†Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:44
She cancelled it.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:45
She didn't put it off, she called it off.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ทจ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:49
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:52
As violence, they began to receiveย  threats to call off their events.
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ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:56
After two hours, the man looksย  call off their attack and retreat.
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2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„, ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›„ํ‡ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:01
So we decided to call off theย  wedding at the last minute.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
40:03
How are you doing with these phrasal verbs so far?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
40:06
Our next phrasal verb to catch up on.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:10
I spent the whole day catching up on emails.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š๋ผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.
40:15
Do you know what this means?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
40:17
To catch up on this means to do somethingย  that you haven't been able to do recently.
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To catch up this์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:25
For example, I need to catch up on your lessons.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:29
Maybe you say that to me or to yourย  teacher or your piano instructor.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๋‚˜ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:35
This means you haven't been ableย  to review the lessons recently.
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์ด๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:40
So now you have many lessons to reviewย  and you need to catch up on them.
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์ด์ œ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€
40:45
You need to watch all theย  lessons you haven't reviewed.
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๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
40:49
Or you could say this weekendย  I caught up on my chores.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ์„ ๋๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:55
I did all the chores I haven't been able toย  do because I was too busy doing other things.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š๋ผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ”๋น ์„œ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ์„ ๋‹ค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
41:00
So I put them off.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:02
But this weekend I caught up on them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:05
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:08
Point.
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41:08
Anyone that wants to catch up onย  that part of the story can go backย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋‹ค. ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
41:11
and watch our original issue,ย  which they should do anyway.
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์›๋ž˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ
41:13
Because it feels like a way to catchย  up on social media or read something.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
41:16
Let's have this down.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค ๋†“์ž.
41:17
Catch up on e-mail.
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์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
41:18
Go home at a regular time.
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์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
41:19
Our next phrasal verb blurred out.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:23
I can't believe I blurtedย  that out in front of my boss.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฌ ์•ž์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
41:28
Do you know what this means to blurt out?
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๋ถˆ์‘ฅ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
41:32
This is when you say somethingย  suddenly without thinking,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๋ฉฐ,
41:36
often something that shouldn't have been said.
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์ข…์ข… ๋งํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:41
For example, let's say you're in a meeting andย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํšŒ์˜ ์ค‘
41:43
you're discussing a strategyย  or a goal, and you say P.
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์ „๋žต ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ P๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:47
There's no way we'll pull that off.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:50
There's no way we'll be successful.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:54
And then later in the meeting you canย  say, oh, why did I blurt that out?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ' ์•„, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฌด์‹ฌ์ฝ” ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:00
I have such a big mouth.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž…์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฌ๋‹ค.
42:03
So this is an expression to have a big mouth.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž…์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฒŒ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:06
Someone who has a big mouth often says thingsย ย 
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์ž…์ด ํฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
42:09
they shouldn't say because theyย  don't think before they speak.
682
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๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ง์„ ์ž์ฃผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:14
So people with big mouths often blurt things out.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž…์ด ํฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋ฌด๋š๋šํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:19
Or maybe your coworker is lookingย  for a new job but it was a secret.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋น„๋ฐ€์ด์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:25
But then you say to your Co worker,ย  I accidentally blurted out thatย ย 
685
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ' ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ
42:30
you're looking for a new job so youย  said it suddenly without thinking.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒˆ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์‘ฅ ๋งํ•ด์„œ' ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„๋ฌด ์ƒ๊ฐ ์—†์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
42:35
Let's listen to some real world examples further.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:39
When girls blurt out answersย  without raising their hands.
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์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์†์„ ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฌด์‹ฌ์ฝ” ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ๋•Œ.
42:42
One of you.
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๋‹น์‹  ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช….
42:43
So what's your story?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
42:44
Can you just blurt out a 30 second story?
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30์ดˆ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๋š๋šํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
42:46
His first reflex was not toย  blurt out what was going on.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:49
Next, comb through.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋น—์งˆํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
42:51
Do you have time to comb through this report?
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์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
42:55
Do you know what this means to combย  through and notice that B is silent?
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  B๊ฐ€ ์นจ๋ฌตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š” ?
43:02
Comb, comb through.
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๋น—, ๋น—์งˆ.
43:04
This means to analyze or reviewย  something carefully and completely.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
43:10
Before you submit your CV, you should combย  through it to make sure there are no errors.
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์ด๋ ฅ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:17
That's always good advice.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ข‹์€ ์กฐ์–ธ์ด๋„ค์š”.
43:19
Or I combed through this entireย  textbook to prepare for my IELTS.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด IELTS๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒ…์ƒ…์ด ๋’ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:25
You reviewed it entirely and completely.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:30
She spent the whole afternoon combing throughย  old family photos to create a scrapbook.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋’ค์ ธ ์Šคํฌ๋žฉ๋ถ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:37
Let's listen to some real world.
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์‹ค์ œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
43:39
Examples.
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43:39
Help NASA kind of comb through our data.
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์˜ˆ.
NASA๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ…์ƒ…์ด ๋’ค์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
43:42
So I went back to my staff was comb through this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง์›์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:44
Go comb through their website next.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
43:47
Skim through.
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ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
43:49
I only had enough time to skim through the report.
709
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ›‘์–ด๋ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:53
Do you know what this means to skim through?
710
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ํ›‘์–ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
43:57
This means to review somethingย  quickly without going into detail,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ,
44:02
so you can think of it asย  the opposite of comb through.
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:06
For example, the consultantย  has an impressive background,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
44:10
but I only skimmed through his proposal.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:14
I didn't read it fully.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:17
She skimmed through the recipe toย  make sure she had all the ingredients.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ ˆ์‹œํ”ผ๋ฅผ ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:22
So she looked at it quickly, not fully.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:26
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:29
Can't sort of skim through it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ›‘์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:30
And I'm just going to skim throughย  couple hit a couple of the highlights,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๊ณ ,
44:33
read the class syllabus, skim throughย  textbooks and review all the materials.
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๊ฐ•์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์„œ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ , ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:38
Next, gloss over the consultantย  glossed over the budget increase.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:45
Do you know what this means?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
44:47
To gloss over?
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๊ด‘ํƒ์„ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด?
44:49
This means to briefly mentionย  something without going intoย ย 
725
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์ด๋Š” ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฉฐ
44:54
detail, and you do this often toย  avoid discussing it thoroughly.
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, ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์ฃผ ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
45:00
For example, the manager glossedย  over the consultant's rude comment.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋Š” ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ์˜ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์„ ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:07
So how could he gloss over this rude comment?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
45:11
Maybe he's in the middle ofย  a meeting and he says to theย ย 
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ํšŒ์˜ ์ค‘์—
45:15
consultant who remembers said something rude.
730
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๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:18
He says to him, I appreciate your perspective.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:21
Anyway, let's review the upcoming conference.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
45:24
So he mentioned it briefly, but then he quicklyย ย 
733
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
45:27
moved on to something else because he didn't wantย  to spend time reviewing that negative comment.
734
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:35
How about this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
45:36
My brother always glosses over why hisย  girlfriend doesn't come to family gatherings.
736
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๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ ์™œ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ์•ˆ ์˜ค๋Š”์ง€ ๋Š˜ ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.
45:43
He mentions it quickly, but then movesย  on to a different topic on purpose.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:48
Because he doesn't want to discuss it.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:50
He glosses over it.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.
45:52
Let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ
45:55
Of this stuff.
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์ €๊ฒƒ.
45:56
So I didn't want to gloss over anything.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:58
In the early days, I would glossย  over my family's experience.
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:02
I'll have to gloss over orย  emit many formal details.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:04
Next, pan out.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํŒฌ์•„์›ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:06
The speaker we wanted didn't pan out.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:10
Do you know what this means?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
46:12
To pan out?
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๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด?
46:14
This means to have a successfulย  outcome, the strategy didn't pan out.
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์ด๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „๋žต์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:21
This means the strategy wasn't successful,ย  didn't have a successful outcome.
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์ด๋Š” ์ „๋žต์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:26
So we need to revise our approach.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:29
Or you could say to your spouseย  or roommate or family member,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž ๋‚˜ ๋ฃธ๋ฉ”์ดํŠธ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
46:34
Let's see how our kitchenย  Renault pans out before we start.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ Renault๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:39
The bathroom.
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค.
46:40
Renault is short for renovation.
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๋ฅด๋…ธ๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:43
So you're renovating your kitchen.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ถ€์—Œ์„ ๊ฐœ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:46
Let's see how it pans out.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
46:48
Let's see how successful it is.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:50
Before we start anotherย  Renault, another renovation,ย ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฅด๋…ธ, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
46:55
let's listen to some real world examples.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:57
Another reason why this learningย  styles theory doesn't pan out.
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์ด ํ•™์Šต ์Šคํƒ€์ผ ์ด๋ก ์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:00
And in that way, in case there were anyย  failures, in case things didn't pan out,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํŒจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด
47:05
we're excited to see how the metrics of those pan.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ํŒจ๋‹์˜ ์ธก์ •ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:08
Out our next phrasal verb, drift off.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฌํ”„ํŠธ ์˜คํ”„(drift off)๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:12
I think I drifted off during the presentation.
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ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ๋„์ค‘์— ์ •์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
47:16
Do you know what this means to drift off?
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ํ‘œ๋ฅ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
47:20
This means to gradually become lessย  focused or to fall asleep unintentionally,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ ์ฐจ ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณ ์˜๊ฐ€
47:28
not on purpose, often whileย  engaged in another activity.
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์•„๋‹Œ ์˜๋„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์ž ์— ๋น ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ข…์ข… ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์— ์ž ์ด ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:32
Here's a real example.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‹ค์ œ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:35
Sometimes I drift off when my husbandย  starts talking about his work.
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๋‚จํŽธ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋” ๋ฉํ•ด์ง€๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:41
Now in this case, I don't fall asleep,ย  but I gradually stop paying attentionย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž ์ด ์˜ค์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ ์ฐจ ๋‚จํŽธ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
47:48
to my husband and I start justย  paying attention to other things.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์—๋งŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:53
We have another expression.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:54
My mind wanders.
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๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๋ฐฉํ™ฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
47:56
I drift off because my husband'sย  work is very technical and oftenย ย 
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๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ข…์ข…
48:02
I don't really understand what he's saying.
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๋‚จํŽธ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:06
So I drift off.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
48:09
You could also say I must haveย  drifted off during the movie.
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์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ์ค‘์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ดํƒˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:14
Now this could mean that you stoppedย  paying attention to the movie andย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Š” ์˜ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ 
48:18
you started paying attention to other things.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:20
Or quite likely, you fell asleep during the movieย  and you didn't even realize that it ended andย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ž ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์กฐ์ฐจ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช‡
48:28
hours later you're asleep on your couch and theย  movie is over and you had no idea you drifted off.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„์— ์†ŒํŒŒ์—์„œ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ์ •์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:36
Let's listen to some real.
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์‹ค์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
48:38
World Examples.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
48:39
Listening to the sound of the oceanย  as you slowly drift off to sleep.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ž ์— ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
48:43
It might feel nice for a whileย  to drift off into past memories.
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์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ถ”์–ต ์†์œผ๋กœ โ€‹โ€‹๋น ์ ธ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:47
Eventually, Henry began toย  drift off for the last time.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ Henry๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:50
Next dip into We had to dip intoย  our emergency fund to make payroll.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค๋‹ค ๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น„์ƒ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:58
Do you understand this one?
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์ด ๋ง์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
49:00
To dip into this means to spend a portionย  of a reserve or saving, often temporarily.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข…์ข… ์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ๋น„๊ธˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ €์ถ•์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:08
So you have this reserve orย  saving and if you dip into it,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋น„๊ธˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์ €์ถ•์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค๋ฉด
49:11
you take a portion, some of that money out.
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๊ทธ ๋ˆ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ธ์ถœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:15
So this is you specifically with spending money.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:19
For example, the company hadย  to dip into its emergency fund,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋น„์ƒ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ
49:23
so take a portion of that fundย  to cover the unexpected expenses.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ด๋‹น ์ž๊ธˆ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ถฉ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:29
Or we had to dip into our savingsย  to cover the cost of the car repair.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ถฉ๋‹นํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €์ถ•ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:36
Let's listen to some real world.
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์‹ค์ œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
49:37
Examples.
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์˜ˆ.
49:38
The House had initially proposed aย  $2700 payout but couldn't muster theย ย 
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ํ•˜์›์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— 2,700๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ง€๋ถˆ๊ธˆ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
49:43
votes required to dip into savings to pay for it.
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๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์œผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:46
But there are other proposals to dip intoย  it, one for a school loan construction fund.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ๋งŒํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ œ์•ˆ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•™์ž๊ธˆ ๋Œ€์ถœ ๊ฑด์„ค ๊ธฐ๊ธˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:50
And therefore I don't need to dip into my savings.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ €์ถ•ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ํƒ•์ง„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:53
Our next phrasal verb?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”์š”?
49:54
Pick up.
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์ฐพ๋‹ค.
49:56
I pick up a lot of Englishย  expressions by watching TV.
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๋‚˜๋Š” TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ตํž™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
50:01
Do you know what this means in this context?
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์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
50:04
Pick up means to learn somethingย  informally or casually,ย ย 
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ํ”ฝ์—…(Pick up)์ด๋ž€
50:10
often through exposure rather than instruction.
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์ง€์‹œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋…ธ์ถœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:14
So right now you're notย  picking up these phrasal verbs.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:19
I'm teaching them to you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:20
This is formal instruction.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ง€์‹œ์ด๋‹ค.
50:23
But if you're watching a TV show and you hearย  the speaker say a phrasal verb in speech,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ TV ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
50:29
and you learn the meaning of thatย  phrasal verb from that TV show,ย ย 
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๊ทธ TV ์‡ผ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šด๋‹ค๋ฉด
50:33
you just picked up that phrasalย  verb, which is a great way to learn.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
50:38
Or maybe you have a great skill.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:40
You know how to code and someone asksย  you, did you take coding classes?
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์ฝ”๋”ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ' ์ฝ”๋”ฉ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:46
And you say, no, I justย  picked it up over the years.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์„œ ์ง‘์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:50
So you were exposed to coding and you justย  learned it gradually from being exposed to it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์ ‘ํ•˜์…จ๊ณ , ์ ‘ํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ฐจ๊ทผ์ฐจ๊ทผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์…จ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:56
You didn't take formal classesย  or have formal instruction.
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์ •์‹ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:01
Let's listen to some real world.
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์‹ค์ œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
51:03
Examples.
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์˜ˆ.
51:04
Turning to LinkedIn, learning moreย  than ever to pick up new skills,ย ย 
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LinkedIn์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ตํžˆ๊ณ 
51:07
find people with similar hobbiesย  and pick up new interests.
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
51:10
It's not uncommon for humansย  to pick up new accents.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ตํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:13
How about this phrasal verb?
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์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
51:15
Shake off.
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ํ”๋“ค์–ด.
51:16
If you make a mistake, just shake it off.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ”๋“ค์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
51:20
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
51:21
If you're a Taylor Swift fan,ย  you probably do shake off.
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Taylor Swift ํŒฌ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:26
This means to get rid of something, such asย  a problem or mistake, and move on from it.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:32
So you can imagine the problem isย  right here and you just shake it off.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ„ธ์–ด๋‚ด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:38
Shake it off.
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ํ”๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
51:39
This is commonly used in sports.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:41
The coach might say to theย  team, we're down three points,ย ย 
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์ฝ”์น˜๋Š” ํŒ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 3์  ๋’ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:46
which means we're losing by threeย  points, We're down three points.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 3์  ๋’ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 3์  ๋’ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:50
We need to shake it off and play better than ever.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋–จ์ณ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:54
So this means not let let theย  fact that we're losing affect us.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋„๋ก ๋†”๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:59
We need to forget about itย  and play better than ever.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:03
Or you could say, I know I made a fewย  grammar mistakes during my spoken exam,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œํ—˜ ์ค‘์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
52:10
but I just shook them off and I passed.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋–จ์ณ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ด๋‚ผ
52:14
Which is a great reminder that you canย  make mistakes and still pull it off,ย ย 
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
52:19
still be successful.
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.
52:22
And they shake off criticismย  with the flip of the wig.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๋ฐœ์„ ๋’ค์ง‘์–ด ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋–จ์ณ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
52:25
So my challenge.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋„์ „.
52:27
Is that we share and weย  shake off those narratives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋–จ์ณ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:30
It had developed a reputationย  as the king of knockoffs,ย ย 
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๋ณต์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์™•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ
52:33
and it couldn't shake theย  reputation of being a copycat.
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์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์„ฑ๋„ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:35
You're doing such a great job.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:37
Share your score from that section and let'sย  move on to our final group of advanced words.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์„น์…˜์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:44
But don't worry, I'll explain all of them soย  you feel confident using them after this lesson.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:50
Here's how this lesson will work.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:52
You'll see a word on the screen andย  you'll have 5 seconds to define that word.
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ํ™”๋ฉด์— ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋ฉฐ 5์ดˆ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:59
After you'll learn the definition andย  pronunciation, you'll review exampleย ย 
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์ •์˜์™€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ํ›„
53:04
sentences using that word, and then you'll hearย  real world native speakers using that word.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:12
Welcome back to First English.
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First English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:14
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:15
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:17
Number one, do you know this word?
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
53:22
Grim.
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์—„ํ•œ.
53:24
Grim.
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53:24
Repeat after me.
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์—„ํ•œ.
๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
53:26
Grim.
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์—„ํ•œ.
53:29
This is an adjective that meansย  extremely bad, worrying or without hope.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค, ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค, ํฌ๋ง์ด ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:35
The news about the economic downturn was grim.
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์นจ์ฒด ์†Œ์‹์€ ์•”์šธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ์ž
53:40
His expression turned grimย  when he heard the bad news.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํ‘œ์ •์ด ์–ด๋‘์›Œ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
53:46
The weather forecast this weekend looks grim.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง ์ผ๊ธฐ์˜ˆ๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:52
Don't worry about writing this down becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ ์–ด ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
53:58
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:00
Now let's listen to some real worldย  examples of native speakers using this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:06
Envisioning a totally totally differentย  and less grim history or future.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋œ ์•”์šธํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:11
We we joke sometimes that, you know, with allย  the grim stuff I have to deal with every day,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์•”์šธํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
54:16
get me in a room with some young people.
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์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:18
Stadiums like Lucille will continue to be aย ย 
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Lucille๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
54:21
grim reminder that it all came at aย  human cost #2 do you know this one?
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ์  ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•”์šธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค #2 ์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
54:30
Baffle, baffle.
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๋ฐฐํ”Œ, ๋ฐฐํ”Œ.
54:33
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
54:34
Baffle.
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ํ—›๋˜์ด ์• ์“ฐ๋‹ค.
54:36
This is a verb, and it meansย  to result in total confusion.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:42
The result baffled the scientist.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:47
She was baffled by his decision to quit.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:51
Notice this example sentenceย  is in the passive voice.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:55
She was baffled by his decision.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
54:59
This is commonly used in the passive.
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์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:02
You could also say phrasal verbsย  often baffle students just like you.
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:09
But don't worry, that's why I'm hereย  to help you learn all of these wordsย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
55:15
so they don't baffle you, soย  you're not baffled by them.
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.
55:20
So if you agree that I can help youย  learn these words, put that's right.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
55:25
Put that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
55:28
Now let's listen to some realย  native speakers using this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ฒญ์ค‘์„
55:33
Entertain, provoke, and baffleย  audiences all over the world.
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์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž๊ทนํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
55:36
But who is he?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
55:38
What Searchers found continuesย  to baffle people to this day.
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๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹นํ˜น์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:41
There's still a ton about nature'sย  creations that baffle us to this day.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ฌผ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:45
#3 How about this word Demeanor, Demeanor.
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#3 ํ’ˆํ–‰, ํ’ˆํ–‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
55:53
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
55:54
Demeanor.
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ํ–‰์‹ค.
55:56
This is a noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:57
It's one's way of looking and behaving.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์™ธ๋ชจ์™€ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:01
Having a patient demeanor is anย  important quality for teachers.
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์ฐธ์„์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ž์งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:06
I'm sure you would agree with that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:08
If you do, then put that's right.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:10
Put that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ง์žฅ
56:12
Despite his serious demeanor atย  work, he has a great sense of humor.
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์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ ๋จธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:19
The manager's friendly demeanorย  made the new employee feel welcome.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์˜ ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹ ์ž…์‚ฌ์›์€ ํ™˜์˜๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:25
Now let's listen to some real worldย  examples from native speakers.
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์ด์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:29
His folksy charm and grandfatherly demeanorย ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ ์„œ๋ฏผ์ ์ธ ๋งค๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํƒœ๋„๋Š”
56:32
endeared him to the mediaย  and his at home audience.
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์–ธ๋ก  ๊ณผ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒญ์ค‘์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:35
But he has this Queen's tough guyย  demeanor that rallies the base.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‹จ๊ฒฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์—ฌ์™•์˜ ํ„ฐํ”„๊ฐ€์ด ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
56:38
If you're a leader, your demeanorย  is going to carry to your team.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฆฌ๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ํŒ€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:42
#4 Do you know this word?
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#4 ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
56:48
Camaraderie or camaraderie.
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๋™์ง€์•  ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์ง€์• .
56:52
Notice the first pronunciationย  has an extra sound, camaraderie.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์—๋Š” ๋™์ง€์• ๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:59
The second one just says come camaraderie.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋™์ง€์• ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:04
Most American speakers, in myย  experience, say camaraderie.
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๋‚ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” ๋™์ง€์• ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:09
That's the one that I personally use.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:12
This is a noun that meansย  mutual trust and friendshipย ย 
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57:16
among people who spend a lot of time together.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์™€ ์šฐ์ •์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:20
The camaraderie among the team was evident.
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ํŒ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์šฐ์• ๊ฐ€ ๋‹๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:24
They enjoyed the camaraderie of working together.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์ง€์• ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:29
The trip was filled with laughter and camaraderie.
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์—ฌํ–‰์€ ์›ƒ์Œ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฃŒ์• ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:33
Now let's review some real world examplesย  and I'll show you both pronunciations.
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:39
Camaraderie.
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์šฐ์ •.
57:40
Camaraderie.
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์šฐ์ •.
57:42
So you have that camaraderie.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋™์ง€์• ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:44
And so there was a real kind of senseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
57:45
of camaraderie who were workingย  together towards the same goal.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋™์ง€์• ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:49
When you're working on your own,ย  you miss that sort of sense ofย ย 
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ํ˜ผ์ž ์ผํ•˜๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—
57:52
camaraderie that you get when you have aย  team around you #5 do you know this word?
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ํŒ€์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋™์ง€์• ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค #5 ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
58:00
Intimidating.
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์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ด๋‹ค.
58:02
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
58:03
Intimidating.
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์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ด๋‹ค.
58:06
Intimidating.
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์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ด๋‹ค.
58:08
This is an adjective, and it meansย  making you feel frightened or nervous.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ, ๊ฒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:15
Speaking with native speakers can be intimidating.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:20
I'm sure you would agree with that, but that'sย  again why I'm here making these videos to helpย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ด์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ €๋Š”
58:26
you improve your English fluency so it doesn'tย  feel intimidating, so you feel more confident.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ๊ฒ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋” ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:34
If you agree with that, well, why not putย  that's right, that's right in the comments.
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”.
58:40
Another example, her intimidating demeanor.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:44
Remember this word demeanor?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
58:46
Her intimidating demeanor made everyone uneasy.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:52
Moving to a new city alone is intimidating.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:57
Now let's listen to some real.
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
58:58
World Examples.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€.
59:00
Working with a legend like Daniel isย  intimidating, but he makes everyone better.
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๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์—˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์„ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:05
He finds extroverts energizing,ย  but a bit intimidating.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:08
That being said, he is, I think,ย  quite intimidating for many people.
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์ฆ‰, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฝค ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:14
Number six, How about this word?
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์—ฌ์„ฏ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”?
59:20
Prevalent, Prevalent.
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๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:23
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
59:24
Prevalent.
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๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:27
This is an adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:28
It means very common,ย  happening often, or widespread.
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์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:34
The flu is prevalent during the winter months.
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๋…๊ฐ์€ ๊ฒจ์šธ์ฒ ์— ์œ ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:39
Smartphones have becomeย  prevalent in today's society.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:43
They're everywhere.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:44
They're widespread.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:46
They're prevalent.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:47
Droughts are prevalent in this area.
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์ด ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:51
Now let's listen to some real worldย  examples from native speakers.
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์ด์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:56
It's there, but it's notย  as prevalent as you think.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋งŒํผ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:58
Let's walk through three ofย  today's more prevalent theories.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด๋ก ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:01
Duration and technology risk that'sย  very prevalent in 6048 portfolios.
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6048 ํฌํŠธํด๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์œ„ํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:06
#7 do you know this one?
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#7 ์ด๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„์š”?
60:12
Blatant repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
60:14
Blatant.
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๋– ๋“ค์ฉํ•œ.
60:16
Blatant.
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๋– ๋“ค์ฉํ•œ.
60:18
This is an adjective, andย  it's when doing a bad thing,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ, ๋‚˜์œ ์ง“์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
60:23
but you're doing it intentionallyย  or openly for everyone to see.
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์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:30
For example, his blatant disregardย  for the rules got him in trouble,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ
60:35
so he didn't follow the rules, but heย  did it openly in front of everyone.
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์•ž์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:41
He wasn't trying to hide it.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:43
It's blatant that you'reย  trying to cheat on the exam.
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์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:48
The company was fined for blatantย  violations of safety regulations.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์ธ ์•ˆ์ „ ๊ทœ์ • ์œ„๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
60:55
Now let's hear some nativeย  speakers using this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:58
You would see the blatant reinforced destruction.
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๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋œ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
61:02
Reporting I was embarrassed by theย  just blatant disobeying the law.
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์‹ ๊ณ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ•์„ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:06
Aside from this blatant conflict of interestย  lies the problem of self censorship.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด ์ƒ์ถฉ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฒ€์—ด์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:10
#8 Do you know this one?
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#8 ์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
61:16
Resolute.
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๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค.
61:18
Resolute.
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๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค.
61:19
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
61:20
Resolute.
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๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค.
61:23
This is an adjective that meansย  determined in character, action, or ideas.
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์ด๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ, ํ–‰๋™ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:30
It's generally a positive thing.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:32
She remained resolute in her decision toย  pursue a new career despite the challenges.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์›€์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ตณ๊ฑดํžˆ ์œ ์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:41
He was resolute in his goals.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ํ™•๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:45
Her resolute attitude inspiredย  her team to keep going.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํŒ€์ด ๊ณ„์† ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:51
Let's hear some native speakers using this word.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:54
Through a resolute we have determinedย  and your help is not required.
989
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์šด๋ช…์ž„์„
62:00
The resolute figure who provesย  the character is destiny it.
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์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•œ ์ธ๋ฌผ .
62:04
Was one of those moments we had toย  be resolute and what you were doing.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๋‹จ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:07
How are you doing with these words so far?
992
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
62:10
Let's keep going with #9 Do you know this word?
993
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ #9๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณผ๊นŒ์š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
62:16
Hinder, Hinder.
994
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ํžŒ๋”, ํžŒ๋”.
62:19
Repeat after me.
995
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
62:20
Hinder.
996
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๋ฐฉํ•ด.
62:22
This is a verb and it means to limit one'sย  ability or the development of something.
997
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ œํ•œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:31
His knee injury hindered his training schedule.
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๋ฌด๋ฆŽ ๋ถ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ›ˆ๋ จ โ€‹โ€‹์ผ์ •์ด ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:36
Poor weather conditions canย  hinder outdoor activities.
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์•…์ฒœํ›„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์•ผ์™ธ ํ™œ๋™์ด ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:41
The lack of proper equipmentย  will hinder our project.
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์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:47
Let's hear some native speakers.
1001
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:48
Using this word without letting the past hinderย ย 
1002
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๋Š”
62:52
us is really key to our abilityย  to staying alive as a company.
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
62:56
That promote or hinder growth and seems to reallyย  hinder your ability to be an inspirational leader.
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์ด๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:02
#10 Do you know this one?
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#10 ์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
63:08
Obstacle.
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์žฅ์• .
63:10
Obstacle.
1007
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์žฅ์• .
63:11
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
63:12
Obstacle.
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์žฅ์• .
63:15
This is a noun, and it's something that blocksย  one's way or prevents or hinders progress.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ง‰๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ ๋ง‰๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:24
Remember, hinder.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
63:26
So an obstacle hinders yourย  progress, it limits it.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์€ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œํ•œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ณต์˜
63:32
The biggest obstacle to theirย  success was a lack of funding.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์€ ์ž๊ธˆ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:38
Or you might be in a meeting at work and youย  ask, how can we overcome these obstacles?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์นจ ์ถœ๊ทผ๊ธธ์—
63:46
Traffic is a major obstacleย  during my morning commute.
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๊ตํ†ต์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
63:52
Maybe that's something that youย  experience, an obstacle that youย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
63:56
experience everyday traffic, and it hinders you.
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ตํ†ต ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
64:01
Let's review some example sentences from nativeย  speakers if there's an obstacle in the way.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
64:08
You.
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64:08
Find a way to clear it.
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๋„ˆ.
ํด๋ฆฌ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
64:11
And could could this personย  be a possible obstacle?
1021
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
64:16
This is another obstacleย  for BFR passenger transport,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” BFR ์—ฌ๊ฐ ์šด์†ก์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:20
since it would only be able toย  travel between big coastal cities.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋„์‹œ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ๋งŒ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:24
#11 Do you know this one?
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#11 ์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
64:30
Circumvent, circumvent, repeat after me.
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์šฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
64:35
Circumvent.
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์šฐํšŒ.
64:38
This is a verb, and it's toย  find a way around an obstacle.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์„ ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:44
So you have an obstacle,ย  something that limits you.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:47
And if you circumvent thatย  obstacle, you find a way around it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:53
And you do that in a very clever way,ย  but also in an illegal way where you'reย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
65:01
breaking the rules, perhapsย  blatantly breaking the rules.
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:06
For example, how did youย  circumvent getting a visa?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„์ž ์ทจ๋“์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
65:12
So getting a visa is your obstacle,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋น„์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
65:14
and you circumvented it, you foundย  a way around it, but was it legal?
1034
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ , ์šฐํšŒํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
65:21
Hmm, we don't know.
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ํ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
65:23
Here is one that definitely sounds illegal.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:26
The hacker circumvented the security system,ย  so this is commonly used with illegal activity.
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ํ•ด์ปค๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์•ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ํ–‰์œ„์— ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:35
They tried to circumvent the rules.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:39
Now let's hear some native speakersย  using this word in a real world context.
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:44
Loud the government to circumvent reportersย  rights to circumvent any of these sorts of laws.
1040
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ž์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์™ธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ณต์‚ฌ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ
65:50
And even though it's still easy to circumventย  digital copy protection, most users can't do it.
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์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:56
#12 do you know this one?
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#12 ์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
66:02
Exacerbate, exacerbate.
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์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค, ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค.
66:06
Repeat after me, Exacerbate.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค์„ธ์š”.
66:10
This is a verb, and this means to make a problemย  or bad situation or something negative even worse.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์œ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋”์šฑ ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:21
For example, his actionsย  exacerbated the situation.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์•…ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:26
So the situation was already negativeย  and his actions made it worse.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋”์šฑ ์•…ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:32
Exacerbated the situation.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์•…ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค.
66:36
Her comment exacerbated the conflict.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์€ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์•…ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค.
66:40
The power outage exacerbated the riots.
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์ •์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํญ๋™์ด ๋”์šฑ ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:45
Now let's listen to some nativeย  speakers using this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:50
And exacerbate small moments, turning them intoย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž‘์€ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์•…ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ ์‹ธ์›€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€
66:53
fight, but greatly exacerbate ourย  runaway population growth problem.
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๋งŒ ํญ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:57
So changes to one effect and exacerbate theย  other and vice versa #13 do you know this word?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์•…ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. #13 ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
67:09
Nuance, nuance, repeat after me nuance.
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๋‰˜์•™์Šค, ๋‰˜์•™์Šค, ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
67:15
This is a noun and it is a subtleย  difference in meaning, expression, or sound.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์˜๋ฏธ, ํ‘œํ˜„, ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:23
This is an excellent word to use as a languageย  learner in any language, especially English.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์–ธ์–ด, ํŠนํžˆ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์–ธ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
67:31
For example, understanding the nuances ofย  English idioms, Those small differences,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์˜์–ด ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ž‘์€ ์ฐจ์ด,
67:39
those subtle differences, the nuancesย  can greatly improve your fluency.
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๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด, ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๊ฐ€ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:46
The nuances in pronunciation,ย  those small differences,ย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค, ๊ทธ ์ž‘์€ ์ฐจ์ด,
67:51
the nuances in pronunciationย  can change the meaning of words.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:56
English grammar is filled with nuances.
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์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:01
And again, that's why I'm here to help you so put.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:06
That's right, That's right, because I'm here toย ย 
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๋งž์•„์š”, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
68:08
help you learn and master all theย  nuances of the English language.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ตํžˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
68:14
So now let's listen to this word by nativeย  speakers, and you can listen to the nuances.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:21
Sometimes there's a shade of nuance orย  meaning that feels important and useful.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š” ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:25
That eliminates all the nuance of the normalย  distribution, But the answer has some nuanceย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ ๋ถ„ํฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์—๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„
68:29
and can depend on where we're looking inย  time and space #14 do you know this one?
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์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. #14 ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
68:39
Disdain.
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๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ๊ฐ.
68:40
Disdain.
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๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ๊ฐ.
68:42
Repeat after me Disdain.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ.
68:46
This is a noun, and it's the feeling that someoneย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€
68:49
or something is unworthy of one'sย  attention, support, or respect.
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๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ, ์ง€์› ๋˜๋Š” ์กด๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:57
Maria's disdain for her ex-husband is blatant.
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์ „๋‚จํŽธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์€ ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:02
Remember that word?
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
69:04
Blatant, very obvious or clear Her disdain.
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๋ป”๋ป”์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:09
Her feeling that her husband is unworthyย  of her attention or support is blatant.
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๋‚จํŽธ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์€ ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:18
He spoke about his competitor with disdain.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์›๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ๋Š”
69:23
Disdain for the new policy wasย  evident among the employees.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:29
Let's listen to some nativeย  speakers using this word.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:32
There is our disdain for the status quo.
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ํ˜„์ƒ ์œ ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:35
The very word modesty isย  often met with such disdain,ย ย 
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๊ฒธ์†์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€
69:39
especially among the younger high school crowd.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ Š์€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:43
Have to be paid for by the taxes so bitterlyย  disdained by the GOP #15 Do you know this word?
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๊ณตํ™”๋‹น 15ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ๋ฉธ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
69:54
Pivotal, Pivotal.
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์ค‘์ถ”์ , ์ค‘์ถ”์ .
69:57
Repeat after me Pivotal.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
70:01
This is an adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:03
It means of crucial importance in relation toย  the development or success of something else.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
70:11
For example, the decision wasย  pivotal to the company's future.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ค‘์ถ”์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:16
He played a pivotal role in the negotiations.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์—์„œ ์ค‘์ถ”์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
70:21
Her speech was a pivotal moment in the campaign.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์€ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:26
Or maybe how about this example?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
70:29
J Forest English is pivotal to my English fluency.
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J Forest English๋Š” ์ €์˜ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์— ์ค‘์ถ”์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:34
Would you agree with that?
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ง์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
70:36
It's of crucial importance.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:39
It's extremely important.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:41
It's pivotal.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์ถ”์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
70:43
I hope you would agree with that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:45
Put that's right.
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๋„ฃ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
70:46
That's right.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์ถ”์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
70:47
Why not put that's right in theย  comments if you agree that it's pivotal.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š” ?
70:52
Now let's listen to some nativeย  speakers using this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:56
The treaty marked a pivotalย  moment in Middle Eastern history.
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์ด ์กฐ์•ฝ์€ ์ค‘๋™ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:59
That first 90 seconds is pivotal.
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์ฒ˜์Œ 90์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์žฅ์˜
71:02
Play a pivotal role in the stressย  and well-being of a workplace.
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์›ฐ๋น™์— ์ค‘์ถ”์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
71:05
To answer that pivotal question,ย  congratulations, you did it.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜์‹œ๋ ค๋ฉด, ์ถ•ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:09
You added 60 new words to your vocabulary.
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์–ดํœ˜์— 60๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:13
Of course, make sure you practice,ย  practice, practice all of these words.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
71:17
And if you want me to make anotherย  lesson just like this, put yes,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธธ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— yes,
71:20
yes, yes, put yes, yes, yes, yes,ย  yes, yes in the comments below.
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yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
71:24
And of course, make sure you like this lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
71:26
Share with your friends and subscribe.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
71:28
So you're notified every time I post a newย  lesson and you can get this free free speakingย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ,
71:32
guide where I share 6 tips on how toย  speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:36
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
71:40
And you can keep expanding yourย  vocabulary with this lesson right now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์† ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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