COMMON NOUNS at the C1 Level to Sound Advanced!

Today you're going to expand your  vocabulary with common C1 nouns,  

advanced nouns to help you sound very  fluent and professional in English.

Welcome back to JForrest English, of course.

I'm Jennifer.

Now let's get started.

1st, I'm going to quiz you to see  how well you know these C1 nouns.

Don't worry if you don't know any,  because the purpose of this quiz  

is just to understand where you  are now, to assess your level.

And then after, I'll explain  every C1 noun in detail.

And then you'll complete the quiz again.

And I promise you, your score from  the beginning to the end is going  

to be very different and you're going to  feel very proud of your accomplishment.

So let's start the test question one.

She's a good detective.

We can trust her.

Now.

I'm only going to give you 3 seconds to answer,  

so hit pause if you need more time  and then hit play when you're ready.

Her inferences.

Question 2 Have you always had  towards languages An inclination?

Question 3 Choosing between studying abroad or  staying home close to family is a a dilemma.

Question 4 Learning a new language  is a worthwhile endeavour.

Question 5 The word freedom has  positive for most people connotations.

Question 6 Lockdowns during COVID  created a lot of controversy.

Question seven, There was a big  in the election results disparity.

Question 8.

J for his English lessons act as a  in my language learning a catalyst.

Question nine She guessed  her friendly from her mother.

Disposition Question 10 Your is  your best Quality Resilience.

So was that quiz difficult for you?

It probably was, but don't worry  because you haven't learned these yet.

So now I'm going to teach  you each C1 noun in detail.

And then you'll do that quiz again.

And I promise your score will improve.

Disparity.

Disparity.

This is a noticeable difference  or inequality between things,  

often in terms of quantity, quality, or status.

For example, there is a significant disparity  

in income levels between the  rich and poor in this city.

Remember grammatically that  we're talking about nouns.

So pay attention to if the  noun requires an article,  

or if not, because it's either  an exception or it's uncountable.

In this case, we have a disparity.

We need an article.

There is a modifier, a significant disparity.

The article is conjugated with the modifier.

So if you need a or an, it depends on  what directly comes after the article.

A significant disparity.

Resilience.

Resilience.

This is a concept and it's when you can recover  quickly from challenges or difficulties.

For example, the community's  resilience was evident in how  

quickly they rebuilt after  the devastating earthquake.

So there was this devastating  earthquake that destroyed the homes.

But the city's resilience, their ability to  recover quickly from challenges or difficulties,  

allowed them to rebuild the home and notice  that the resilience, it belongs to the city.

The city's resilience.

Dilemma.

Dilemma.

That's fun to say.

Dilemma.

This is a difficult situation or  problem where a choice must be  

made between two options, but  they're equally undesirable.

So both of the options aren't very  good, but you have to make a decision.

That's a dilemma.

And notice that article a dilemma.

For example, she faced A dilemma  between taking a high paying job  

she didn't enjoy or pursuing her passion  for art, but with an uncertain income.

So she can take the high paying  job, but she doesn't like it.

Or she can pursue art, but there's no money.

So that's a dilemma, because both of  those options have undesirable qualities.

Endeavor.

Endeavor.

This is a serious or determined  effort to achieve something,  

especially something challenging or worthwhile.

For example, the team made every endeavor  to complete the project ahead of schedule.

Notice here, because it's a  noun, we sometimes require  

other grammatical structures to make it complete.

And here you make an endeavor.

Otherwise, we could actually  use endeavor as a verb.

The team endeavored to complete the project.

But this lesson is teaching you nouns.

And in this case, endeavor is also a noun.

But you make an endeavor.

In this example, it's made every endeavor.

So we have our verb make in the past Simple.

And because every implies there was more  than one, we don't have an article made.

Every endeavor but endeavor is a  noun that doesn't take a plural form.

So the noun is plural, but  we don't add an S to it.

Inclination.

Inclination.

This is a natural tendency or  preference towards something.

His inclination towards music led him to  pursue a career as a professional musician.

So he has a natural tendency towards music.

Or simply he has a preference and because of that  preference, he's pursuing a career as a musician.

His inclination and notice the  inclination belongs to him.

His inclination towards music.

Catalyst, catalyst.

A catalyst is something that speeds up  

a significant change or that  causes a significant change.

For example, the new technology served  

as a catalyst for the company's rapid  expansion into international markets.

So in this case, the catalyst is the  new technology and the new technology  

allowed the company to speed up a  significant change, which in this  

case is expanding into international markets  or it simply caused that significant change.

So either they were in the process of doing  this, or they started it as a new project.

But the new technology was the catalyst.

It speed it up or it caused it.

Disposition.

Disposition.

This is a person's inherent  qualities of mind and character.

Or you can think of it as  one's temperament or nature.

For example, her cheerful disposition made her  a joy to be around even in difficult situations.

So here her disposition, disposition is the noun,  

and it simply represents her  character, her personality.

And then we have an adjective,  her cheerful disposition,  

And in that case it sounds  like a positive disposition.

But somebody could have a negative disposition.

His angry disposition made him  a negative person to be around.

To completely change the example  to the opposite connotation.

Connotation.

This is the emotional or cultural associations  that a word has beyond is literal meaning.

So let's take the word home literally.

A home is where you live.

That's the literal meaning.

Well, what other connotations  are there with the word home?

We could say the word home has positive  connotations of warmth and security.

So that's the emotional characteristics  that the word has beyond is literal meaning.

That's the connotation controversy, controversy.

I'm sure you know this one.

This is a prolonged public dispute or debate,  

often involving opposing  views or conflicting opinions.

For example, the new government policy  sparked A controversy among citizens  

and politicians alike sparked a controversy.

Here the word spark simply means created.

The controversy only exists  because of this new policy.

And remember, the controversy is that there  are opposing views, conflicting ideas.

So there's going to be some sort of debate,  and is going to be a prolonged debate,  

a longer than usual debate,  because it's a controversy.

Inference, inference.

This is a conclusion reached based on evidence  and reasoning rather than direct observation.

So I could look at something  and reach a conclusion.

That's direct observation, but maybe I don't  have the advantage of looking at something,  

So I have to use evidence and  reasoning to reach that conclusion.

That's inference.

This is something that detectives do, because  detectives don't always get to simply look  

at something, to directly observe it,  for example, from the clues provided.

So the clues, that's the  reasoning and the evidence.

From the clues provided, the detective made a  crucial inference about the suspect's location.

So the detective reached a conclusion  about the suspect's location,  

not based on observation, because if you  could observe where a suspect is, well,  

then you would know exactly where that person is.

But the detective didn't know.

He had to use inference,  the clues to determine that.

Now that you're more comfortable with  this vocabulary, let's do the quiz again.

Here are the questions.

Hit, pause.

Take as much time as you need.

And when you're ready to  see the answers, hit play.

Here are the answers.

Hit, pause.

Take as much time as you  need to review the answers.

And when you're ready to continue, hit play.

So did your score improve?

I'm sure it did.

Now I want you to post your quiz  results from the first quiz and  

the second quiz in the comments below  so you can motivate and inspire other  

students because they see how much progress  they can make in this short period of time.

So post your scores in the comments below.

And of course, make sure you like this video,  

share it with your friends and subscribe so  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.

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And you can keep improving your  vocabulary with this lesson right now.