GERUND (-ing) or INFINITIVE (to) - When & How to Use them! (+ Free PDF & Quiz)

1,045,719 views ใƒป 2022-04-07

English with Lucy


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:03
(lively music)
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(ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐฌ ์Œ์•…)
00:10
- Hello, lovely students,
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
00:11
and welcome back to English with Lucy.
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Lucy์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
Today I have a grammar lesson for you.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
We're going to conquer a mistake
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:20
that I hear made all the time.
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.
00:23
Why do we say,
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:24
I enjoy walking,
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๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„
00:27
but also,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:28
I love to walk?
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๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:31
Why can't we say, I enjoy to walk?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:34
Why do we say, I plan to come,
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ฌ ๊ณ„ํš์ธ๋ฐ
00:37
but not I plan coming?
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์˜ฌ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:40
It's all about gerunds and infinitives,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
00:44
and it's a tough subject,
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์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ฃผ์ œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
00:46
but we're going to cover everything today
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
00:48
and you will leave this lesson
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00:50
with a much better understanding
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ด
00:52
and a slightly wider vocabulary.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๋„“์€ ์–ดํœ˜๋กœ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋งˆ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
As always, there is a free PDF and exercise pack
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ๋ฐ ์šด๋™ ํŒฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:59
that goes with this video.
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.
01:01
If you would like to read a full summary of the lesson
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๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ์ „์ฒด ์š”์•ฝ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ด๋„๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:04
and take lots of extra exercises to test your understanding,
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:08
then download it now
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01:09
by clicking on the link in the description box.
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์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:12
You enter your name and your email address,
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์ด๋ฆ„ ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ 
01:14
you sign up to my mailing list,
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๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด
01:16
and the PDF will arrive directly in your inbox.
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PDF๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
After that, you will automatically receive
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๊ทธ ํ›„์—๋Š”
01:21
all of my free weekly PDFs
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01:24
along with all my course offers, updates, and news.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ์ • ์ œ์•ˆ, ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ๋ฐ ๋‰ด์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ PDF๋ฅผ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Right, let's get started with the lesson.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
01:30
We're going to take a look at how we can change verbs
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ
01:33
into verbal nouns called gerunds and infinitives
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๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•
01:37
and how we can use these grammar tools effectively.
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๊ณผ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
Firstly, let's talk about gerunds.
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๋จผ์ € ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:42
What on earth is a gerund?
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๋™๋ช…์ด์ธ์€ ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:44
It's not as complicated as it sounds.
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๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
It's a verb that ends in -ing that acts as a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” -ing๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
For example, we can take the base verb, walk,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ walk์—
01:55
add -ing and it makes walking.
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-ing๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด 'walk'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
Walking is our gerund,
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walking์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ ,
02:00
and if we make a sentence using this gerund,
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์ด ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด
02:03
walking is our subject.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” walking์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Walking always puts me in a good mood.
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๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
02:08
Walking, the gerund is the subject.
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๊ฑท๊ธฐ, ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
That's a really important rule to remember.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Not every verb ending in -ing is a gerund.
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-ing๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Take a look at the progressive tenses
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ์‹œ์ œ
02:20
or the continuous tenses.
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๋‚˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:22
They use a be verb and the present participle
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ be ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:26
like a gerund, this adds -ing to a base verb.
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ์— -ing๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
I am eating.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จน๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
She is talking.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
So how do we know if a verb ending in -ing
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด -ing๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
02:36
is a present participle or a gerund?
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:39
Well, gerunds always act as nouns or noun phrases.
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์Œ, ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Never as a verb.
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๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ.
02:46
Jenny enjoys walking, walking is acting
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Jenny๋Š” ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
as the object of this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋Š” walking์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
What does Jenny enjoy?
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Jenny๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:54
Walking.
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02:54
Take a look at these two sentences.
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๊ฑท๋Š”.
์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:57
Jenny enjoys walking.
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Jenny๋Š” ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
Jenny is walking right now.
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Jenny๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
In the first sentence we have walking as a gerund.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค.
03:05
Walking is the object of that sentence.
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๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
What does Jenny enjoy doing?
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Jenny๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฆ๊ฒจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:11
Walking.
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๊ฑท๋Š”.
03:12
In the second sentence, Jenny is walking right now.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ Jenny๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
Walking is acting as a verb or part of the verb.
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๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
She is walking.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
Be verb plus the present participle.
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Be ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ.
03:25
Okay, enough about gerunds.
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์ข‹์•„, ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ.
03:27
Let's move on to infinitives.
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:29
I also said that we use infinitives to create verbal nouns
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
03:33
and infinitives are the simplest form of a verb.
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
To make an infinitive,
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด
03:38
we simply place to in front of the base verb.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ to๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋†“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
Infinitives are sometimes called to infinitives
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ
03:46
and this always reminds me of Buzz Lightyear,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ ์ด์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ Buzz Lightyear๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:48
to infinitives and beyond.
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.
03:51
- To infinity and beyond.
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- ๋ฌดํ•œ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๋„ˆ๋จธ๊นŒ์ง€.
03:53
- We'll take our base verb walk.
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- ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
We add to and we have our infinitive to walk.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑท๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
In a sentence, she expected to walk right in.
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
Okay, we've covered the basics.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Now I think it's time to look a little deeper
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
04:09
at how we use gerunds and infinitives.
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ
04:13
Let's start by looking at how we use them
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:15
in similar situations.
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.
04:17
Firstly, let's look at them as of objects of a sentence.
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๋จผ์ €, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋กœ ๋ณด์ž. ์˜์–ด
04:21
The basic form of a sentence
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด
04:24
in English is subject plus verb plus object.
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๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
When a gerund comes before the main verb in a sentence
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋ฉด
04:32
it will act as the subject of that sentence.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
You saw this in the example I used earlier.
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์ด์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
Walking always puts me in a good mood.
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๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
04:41
Walking is the subject of that sentence.
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๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
I can replace walking with a noun
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๋‚˜๋Š” walking์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜
04:47
and the subject will still make sense.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Harry Potter always puts me in a good mood.
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌํฌํ„ฐ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค€๋‹ค.
04:53
Let's have a look at a few more examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
Playing the guitar was always his favourite hobby.
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๊ธฐํƒ€ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ทจ๋ฏธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
Baking is a great way to relieve stress.
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๋ฒ ์ดํ‚น์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ํ•ด์†Œ์— ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Reading helps me keep my mind sharp.
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๋…์„œ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
If I say that my mind is sharp
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๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:09
it means I'm quick to think I'm not slow.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
I'm sharp.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์นด๋กญ๋‹ค.
05:13
Cheating will never get you anywhere in life.
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๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
Now that first example is interesting.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Can you see that I underlined playing and the guitar?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์ฃผ์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€์— ๋ฐ‘์ค„์„ ๊ทธ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š” ?
05:24
That's because the gerund there
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
05:25
is used as part of a noun phrase.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
We could make baking part of a noun phrase by saying,
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05:32
baking a cake is a good way to relieve stress.
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์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฒ ์ดํ‚น์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
Using gerunds as the subject of a sentence
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
05:39
is pretty straightforward
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๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จ
05:41
but using to infinitives
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ to ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
05:44
as the subject of sentences is slightly different.
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๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
When we use an infinitive
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
05:49
as the subject of a sentence, it can sound extremely formal.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜•์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋กœ
05:55
Almost like you are writing in the style of Shakespeare.
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๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:00
It can sound quite fancy.
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๊ฝค ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
And if that's what you are going for
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
06:03
then use all of the infinitives you like.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:06
It sounds natural for me to say,
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06:08
singing gives me great pleasure.
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๋…ธ๋ž˜๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
But if I say to sing, gives me great pleasure.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ํฐ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
It doesn't sound wrong.
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ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
It just really formal and posh and slightly old fashioned.
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์ •๋ง ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ™”๋ คํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
As always with English, there are exceptions
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:22
and we do use infinitives as the subject of sentences
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06:26
when we are giving instructions or giving directions,
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์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ,
06:30
when we're quoting someone
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ธ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ
06:32
or when we are giving a dictionary definition.
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๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ „ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
For example, to cook properly,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
06:37
place the fish skin side down
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์ƒ์„  ๊ป์งˆ ์ชฝ์„ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋†“์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:40
or to get there, take the bus to the highstreet
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ํ•˜์ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ
06:43
and then cross the road.
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๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:44
Okay, now we're getting to the good bit.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
This part is really going to help you make some quick fixes.
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์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ •๋ง ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
We're going to talk about using gerunds or infinitives
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:56
after certain verbs.
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.
06:58
Now some verbs, some lovely verbs allow you to use
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์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
07:02
either a gerund or an infinitive after it.
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๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
I'll show you some examples, but we've got way more examples
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ PDF์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ
07:10
in the PDF and some exercise questions.
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์™€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
So don't forget to download that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
07:15
The link is in the description box.
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๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
She hates sleeping late.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค.
07:19
She hates to sleep late, both work beautifully.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
We prefer eating at home.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
We prefer to eat at home.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
They started working on the project at school.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
They started to work on the project at school.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
Eat, sleep, work, these are all fine.
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๋จน๊ณ , ์ž๊ณ , ์ผํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
They allow the use of both infinitives and gerunds
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜
07:38
but you can imagine what comes next.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
There are some verbs that only allow gerunds to follow,
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋งŒ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋„
07:45
and there are some verbs that only allow
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋งŒ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:48
infinitives to follow.
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.
07:50
Let's take a look at the verbs that allow gerunds first.
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๋จผ์ € ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
We have the verbs consider, deny,
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๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค, ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค, ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋‹ค, ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:58
enjoy, imagine
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08:01
and suggest.
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.
08:02
When we add gerunds to these sentences
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด
08:04
they function as direct objects.
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์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
He considered moving to Spain last year.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„์— ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Jack denied cheating on his test.
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Jack์€ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
Wendy enjoys watching movies at weekends.
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์›ฌ๋””๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์˜ํ™” ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค.
08:16
We imagined waking up to a beautiful sunrise.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ผ์ถœ์— ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋œจ๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
Dan suggested bringing home a rescue dog.
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Dan์€ ์ง‘์— ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
We can also use the verb go plus a gerund
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋™์‚ฌ go์™€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:27
when we're talking about hobbies
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08:29
or recreational activities like the following,
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08:32
go hiking, go shopping, going swimming,
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08:37
going fishing, went sightseeing, went snorkelling.
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.
08:41
There are loads more, and these will come with practise.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฐ์Šต๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋กœ
08:45
We can also use gerunds as the object of prepositions.
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:49
Meaning we use them after a preposition.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
Let's quickly review some common prepositions
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ
08:54
and how we can use them with gerunds.
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์™€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:56
Before, before completing university,
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์ „์—๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
09:00
he already had many job offers.
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
By, by getting up early, I'm ready for my morning runs.
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์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์•„์นจ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ
09:06
Since, I have been thinking of him nonstop
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์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:10
since meeting him.
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.
09:12
Except, he hates all forms of creative expression
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๋‹จ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜•ํƒœ ์˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์  ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:16
except writing.
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.
09:17
Except here means apart from.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ์™ธ๋Š” ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
Without, we decided to take a trip without planning,
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์—†์ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš ์—†์ด ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์œŒ์€
09:23
and after, after recovering from his injury,
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๋ถ€์ƒ์—์„œ ํšŒ๋ณต๋œ ํ›„
09:27
Will retired from rugby.
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๋Ÿญ๋น„๋ฅผ ์€ํ‡ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
Okay, so those were the basic functions of gerunds
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
09:33
to get you started on your gerund journey,
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09:36
but let's jump into the infinitives now.
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
Just like with gerunds,
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
09:41
infinitives follow certain verbs.
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
With these next sentences, the infinitives will act
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋Š”
09:46
as the direct object of the verbs.
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
We have agree.
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๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
We agreed to never speak to each other again.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:54
Demand, they demanded to change their flight.
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์š”๊ตฌ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋น„ํ–‰ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
Manage, he managed to sell his house
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ๋Š”
10:02
after only three days on the market.
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์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ์ง€ 3์ผ ๋งŒ์— ์ง‘์„ ํŒ”์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
Plan, she's planning to quit her job
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๊ณ„ํš, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
10:08
after returning from holiday,
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ํœด๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ํ›„ ์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘˜ ๊ณ„ํš
10:10
and a very common one:
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์ด๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
Want, Ben wants to travel to London by train.
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๋ฒค์ด ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋กœ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
We use infinitives after certain verb
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋’ค์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:18
and object combinations.
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.
10:20
The sentence pattern will be subject plus verb
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ
10:24
plus object, plus infinitive.
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๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
Take a look at these examples.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:28
They asked us to help with the washing up.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๊ฑฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋„์™€๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
She told him to bring home the dog food.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
He encouraged her to follow her dreams.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ฟˆ์„ ์ข‡๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
We can also use infinitives after adjectives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:41
Take a look at these examples.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:43
He was happy to include her in the new project at work.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์˜ ์ƒˆ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ธฐ๋ปค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:47
They were sad to leave the island at the end of the holiday.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฐํœด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ์„ฌ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ŠฌํŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
We are pleased to welcome you into our home.
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์ €ํฌ ์ง‘์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
If you are still unsure
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10:56
on when to use a gerund or when to use an infinitive,
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์–ธ์ œ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์ง ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:59
I have a little trick that may help you.
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๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์š”๋ น์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
But please bear in mind,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
11:04
it doesn't work all the time, but it can guide you
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
11:07
in an emergency in the middle of an exam.
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์‹œํ—˜ ๋„์ค‘ ๊ธด๊ธ‰ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
11:10
In general, if the first action leads to a second action
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด
11:16
then we use an infinitive.
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์ง€๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
He wants to eat pizza for dinner.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋…์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
If the first action is happening at the same time
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์ด
11:24
as the second action, then we use gerund.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
He likes eating pizza for dinner.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋…์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
Right, that is it for today's lesson.
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๋งž์•„์š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
I hope you enjoyed it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
11:34
And I hope you feel a little more clarity
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:37
over the topic of infinitives and gerunds.
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.
11:40
As I've said before, the PDF today is a gold mine.
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์ด์ „์— ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ PDF๋Š” ๊ธˆ๊ด‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
We have included so much more vocabulary
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–ดํœ˜์™€
11:48
so many more examples
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ์™€
11:50
and loads and loads of exercise questions.
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๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
So you can test your understanding.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ดํ•ด๋„๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
You can make sure that you've understood the lesson
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ 
11:57
and you've taken it all in and that you'll retain it
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
11:59
and remember it for later.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
If you'd like to download that PDF
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ํ•ด๋‹น PDF๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
12:02
just sign up to my mailing list.
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๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:04
The link's down below.
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๋งํฌ๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
The PDF will arrive directly in your inbox.
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PDF๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
And then you'll automatically receive
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
12:11
all of my free lesson PDFs and my course updates,
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๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF ์™€ ๋‚ด ๊ณผ์ • ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ,
12:14
news and offers.
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๋‰ด์Šค ๋ฐ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
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๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š”
12:19
I've got a new Instagram page where I share
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:22
English learning content.
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.
12:23
That is @EnglishwithLucy
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ @EnglishwithLucy์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:26
or if you want to follow my personal one
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๋‚ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐ
12:28
and see my life, basically it's @Lucy.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์‚ถ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ @Lucy์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
I've also got my vlogging channel, Lucy Bella
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
12:35
where my husband and I document our lives
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๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ
12:38
here in the English countryside.
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์˜๊ตญ ์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„์ธ Lucy Bella๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
All of the vlogs are fully subtitled.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์˜์ƒ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์—๋Š” ์ž๋ง‰์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
So you can use them for listening practise
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต
12:44
and to expand your vocabulary.
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๊ณผ ์–ดํœ˜ ํ™•์žฅ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
I also have my website englishwithlucy.co.uk
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
12:51
where I've got lots of lessons, information
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๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์—…, ์ •๋ณด
12:54
and an amazing IPA pronunciation tool.
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๋ฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด IPA ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ englishwithlucy.co.uk๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
You can click on the phonemes names and you can hear me
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์Œ์†Œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด
13:00
pronounce the phonemes and words
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์Œ์†Œ์™€
13:02
that contain those phonemes.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์Œ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
It's a great tool.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
Try it out.
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13:05
That's all for me.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ
13:07
I will see you soon for another lesson, mwah.
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๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค , mwah.
13:10
Right, let's get started with the lesson on jet--
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์ž, ์ œํŠธ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
Well, it's a verb that--
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
Okay, do it again.
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์ข‹์•„, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•ด๋ด.
13:19
Oops.
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13:19
The basic form of a subject.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ.
์ฃผ์–ด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•.
13:21
Oops. Oops.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ. ์ด๋Ÿฐ.
13:23
My pronunciation wasn't good then.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
13:24
Oops.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ.
13:25
Deny.
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๋ถ€์ธํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ
13:26
Enjoy
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์ฆ๊ธฐ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
13:28
Bah.
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.
13:30
Whoops.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ.
13:32
Gerund ugh.
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๊ฒŒ๋ฃฌ๋“œ ์œผ.
13:33
Manage.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค.
13:34
He managed to, ugh, why am I'm struggling with that?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ตฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:37
Manage.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค.
13:38
He managed to, stupid.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿญ์ €๋Ÿญ, ๋ฐ”๋ณด์•ผ.
13:41
That's actually really hard to say managed to.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
(lively music)
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(ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐฌ ์Œ์•…)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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