Upper-Intermediate to Advanced English Vocabulary - Compound Adjectives

Hello everyone, Anna here  from englishlikeanative.co.uk

大家好，Anna 来自 englishlikeanative.co.uk

Thank you for joining me for this top-class, fun-filled, upper-intermediate English lesson.

感谢您和我一起参加这个一流的、充满乐趣的中高级英语课程。

Wow, what are those?

哇，那些是什么？

They are compound adjectives.

它们是复合形容词。

What is a compound adjective?

什么是复合形容词？

A compound adjective is made up of two or  more words that work together to describe 

复合形容词由两个或多个词组成，它们一起用来描述

a noun.

一个名词。

These words should be hyphenated so  that the reader knows that they are  

这些词应该用连字符连接起来，这样读者就知道它们是

working together as an adjective.

作为形容词一起使用的。

Besides the compound adjectives you just heard,  other examples of compound adjectives are:

除了您刚刚听到的复合形容词外，复合形容词的其他示例还有：

‘well-known’

'well-known'

This is a well-known song.

This is a well-known song。

and ‘full-time’

和“全职”

I’m looking for a full-time job.

我正在寻找一份全职工作。

Compound adjectives provide a concise  and descriptive way to modify a noun,  

复合形容词提供了一种简洁和描述性的方式来修饰名词，

often conveying a specific  quality or characteristic.

通常传达特定的品质或特征。

Today we are covering 15 compound adjectives  that are commonly used to describe people.

今天我们将介绍 15 个常用来形容人的复合形容词。

Now knowing and using compound adjectives will  

现在了解和使用复合形容词将

help you to express yourself  more precisely and fluently.

帮助您更准确、更流利地表达自己。

But of course, simply having a large  vocabulary doesn’t make you fluent.

但是，当然，仅仅拥有大量词汇并不能使您流利。

And so, if you would like to know about the  effective strategy that I use to help my students’  

因此，如果您想了解我用来帮助我的学生达到

reach English fluency, then come and take  part in my FREE 90-minute Fluency Masterclass.

流利英语的有效策略，请来参加我的 90 分钟免费流利大师班。

I will leave a link in the description below  so you can see when the next class is running.

我会在下面的描述中留下一个链接，这样你就可以看到下一节课什么时候开课了。

Now let’s boost your vocabulary.

现在让我们提高你的词汇量。

Number one.

第一。

Absent-minded.

恍惚。

This means forgetful or lacking attention  to detail due to a preoccupied mind.

这意味着由于全神贯注而健忘或缺乏对细节的关注。

“Ah I forgot to bring the tickets with me,  

“啊，我忘记带票了，

honestly I am so absent-minded at the moment,  I’m surprised I don’t forget my own name.”

说实话我这会儿心不在焉，没想到我居然没忘记自己的名字。”

The second vowel in the  word ‘absent’ is pronounced 

“absent”这个词的第二个元音发音

as a schwa /ə/, so we have  /ˈæbsənt/ rather than /ˈæbsent/.

为 schwa /ə/，所以我们有 /ˈæbsənt/ 而不是 /ˈæbsent/。

Absent, repeat after me absent  /ˈæbsənt/, absent /ˈæbsənt/.

缺席，在我缺席后重复 /ˈæbsənt/，缺席 /ˈæbsənt/。

In the compound adjective, the T is dropped.

在复合形容词中，T 被去掉。

So we have /ˌæb sən ˈmaɪndɪd/,  absent-minded /ˌæb sən ˈmaɪndɪd/.

所以我们有 /ˌæb sən ˈmaɪndɪd/, absent-minded /ˌæb sən ˈmaɪndɪd/。

Next on the list is ‘bad-tempered’.

名单上的下一个是“脾气暴躁”。

This means easily irritated or quick to anger.

这意味着容易被激怒或容易生气。

“Oh, my sister’s bad-tempered husband cast  a shadow over the entire celebration.”

“哦，我姐姐脾气暴躁的丈夫给整个庆典蒙上了阴影。”

For this one, I want to focus on  the ending, ‘temperED’, we have the  

对于这首，我想关注结尾“temperED”，我们有

“-əd” sound, tempered /ˈtempəd/.

“-əd”音，tempered /ˈtempəd/。

Bad-tempered /ˌbædˈtempəd/.

Bad-tempered /ˌbædˈtempəd/。

Moving on we have ‘big-headed’.

继续前进，我们有“大头”。

This means having an inflated  sense of one's own importance,  

这意味着对自己的重要性有一种夸大的感觉，

so you think you are more important  than you are, like, to be arrogant.

所以你认为自己比实际更重要，比如，傲慢自大。

“I want to hire the young celebrity but  he is so big-headed and egotistical.”

“我想聘请这位年轻的名人，但他太固执和自负了。”

Next, ‘easy-going’. This means to  be generally relaxed and tolerant.

其次，“随和”。这意味着通常要放松和宽容。

“It helps to be easy-going when you’re working  with kids. They are often noisy and messy.”

“当你和孩子们一起工作时，随和会很有帮助。它们通常又吵又乱。”

Now the S in ‘easy’ is pronounced  as a Z, so don’t pronounce it as  

现在'easy'中的S发音为Z，所以不要把它读成

easy-going /ˈiːSıˈgəʊıŋ/, but  as easy-going /ˈiːZıˈgəʊıŋ/.

easy-going /ˈiːSıˈgəʊıŋ/，而是读成easy-going /ˈiːZıˈgəʊıŋ/。

Next we have ‘good-tempered’,  opposite to ‘bad-tempered’.

接下来我们有“good-tempered”，与“bad-tempered”相对。

‘Good-tempered’ describes a person with  a pleasant and agreeable disposition.

“good-tempered”形容一个人性格开朗、讨人喜欢。

“Most people think rottweilers are dangerous,  

“大多数人认为罗威纳犬是危险的，

but in my experience, they have always  been sweet and good-tempered dogs.”

但根据我的经验，它们一直都是温文尔雅的狗。”

Moving on. ‘Laid-back’. This means  to be relaxed not tense or stressed.

继续。 '悠闲'。这意味着放松而不是紧张或压力。

“I love eating in this restaurant because  it has a lovely, laid-back atmosphere.”

“我喜欢在这家餐厅用餐，因为它拥有可爱、悠闲的氛围。”

With this adjective the D at the end of ‘laid’  /leɪd/ is not released, your tongue tip moves  

对于这个形容词，'laid' /leɪd/ 末尾的 D 没有释放，你的舌尖向上移动

up to the /d/ position on the roof of the mouth  d – d – d, but doesn’t release the /d/ sound.

到 /d/ 上颚 d – d – d 的位置，但不释放 /d / 声音。

Instead, your lips close ready for the B of ‘back’  

取而代之的是，你的嘴唇会闭上，准备好听到“back” /bæk/ 的 B。

/bæk/. /ˈleı... ˈbæk/, /ˈleı... ˈbæk/.

/ˈleı... ˈbæk/, /ˈleı... ˈbæk/.

Next, narrow-minded.

其次，心胸狭隘。

If you are narrow-minded then  you are unwilling to consider  

如果你心胸狭窄，那么你就不愿意考虑

different ideas or opinions, you’re intolerant.

不同的想法或意见，你就是不宽容。

“My manager doesn’t understand the benefits of  diversity in the workplace. I am surprised he that  

“我的经理不了解工作场所多元化的好处。

he was promoted into the management team  when he has such narrow-minded views.”

当他有如此狭隘的观点时，他被提拔到管理团队，

When saying the word ‘narrow’  avoid tapping the R sound.

我感到很惊讶 。” 说“窄”这个词时，避免轻拍 R 音。

Float the tongue in the middle of the mouth to  

将舌头漂浮在嘴巴中间，发出

create this steady sound /ær/ -  narrow /ˈnærəʊ/, narrow /ˈnærəʊ/.

稳定的声音 /ær/ - narrow /ˈnærəʊ/, narrow /ˈnærəʊ/。

Narrow-minded /ˏnærəʊ`maındıd/.

狭隘的/ˏnærəʊ`maındıd/。

Rather than /ˏnærə.../, /ˏnærə.../ /ˏnærə...  rə... rə... /. You do not want that.

而不是 /ˏnærə.../， /ˏnærə.../ /ˏnærə... rə... rə... /。你不希望出现这种情况。

Opposite to ‘narrow-minded’ is ‘open-minded’. This means you are willing to consider different  

与“心胸狭隘”相对的是“心胸开阔”。这意味着您愿意考虑不同的

ideas and opinions; you are open,  you’re receptive to new experiences.

想法和意见；你是开放的，你乐于接受新的体验。

“She was an open-minded teacher  who encouraged her students to  

“她是一位思想开明的老师，鼓励她的学生批判性思考

think critically and explore new ideas.”

和探索新想法。”

Moving on. We have ‘self-centred’.

继续。我们有“自我中心”。

This means excessively  focused on oneself, selfish.

这意味着过度专注于自己，自私。

A self-centred person will  only think about themself,  

一个以自我为中心的人只会为自己着想，

they will put their needs  before the needs of others.

他们会将自己的需求置于他人的需求之上。

“You shouldn’t spend all your money on new clothes  and night’s out with friends if you can’t afford  

“如果你不能

to feed your children. This sort of self-centred  behaviour makes you look like a bad parent.”

养活你的孩子，你不应该把所有的钱都花在买新衣服和和朋友出去玩。这种以自我为中心的行为让你看起来像个糟糕的父母。”

The ending of this compound adjective  

这个复合形容词的词尾

is “-əd”. Centred /ˈsentəd /, centred  /ˈsentəd /, self-centred /ˏself`sentəd/.

是“-əd”。 centered /ˈsentəd/, centered /ˈsentəd/, self-centred /ˏself`sentəd/。

Also note that you will see a variation  in the spelling depending on the country,  

另请注意，您会看到拼写因国家/地区而异，

you may see centered ended with E-R-E-D.

您可能会看到居中以 ERED 结尾。

Next, we have ‘self-assured’. This basically means  confident in one's own abilities or qualities.

接下来，我们要“自信”。这基本上意味着对自己的能力或品质充满信心。

“The self-assured athletes perform better overall  in competitions than the nervous newcomers.”

“与紧张的新人相比，自信的运动员在比赛中的整体表现更好。”

Ignore the letter R in ‘assured’  /əˈʃɔːd / and pronounce it as  

忽略'assured'/əˈʃɔːd/中的字母R，读成

‘assured’ /əˈʃɔːd/. Self-assured /ˏself əˈʃɔːd/.

'assured'/əˈʃɔːd/。自信 /ˏself əˈʃɔːd/。

You may be able to notice that  the double S is pronounced  

您可能会注意到双 S 发音

as an a sh /ʃ/, shhhh self-assured /ˏself əˈʃɔːd/.

为 a sh /ʃ/, shhhh self-assured /ˏself əˈʃɔːd/。

Self-assured.

自信。

Next, we have ‘strong-willed’. This  means to be determined; resolute.

接下来，我们有“坚强的意志”。这意味着要确定；坚决。

“My strong-willed toddler is a handful now but  I am confident that he will achieve whatever 

“我的意志坚强的孩子现在很少了，但我相信他会

he wants in life.”

在生活中实现他想要的一切。”

Here, the ‘-NG’ can sometimes be  mispronounced as a /n/ sound (a single N),  

在这里，'-NG' 有时会被误读为 /n/ 音（单个 N），

with the front of the tongue  touching the roof of the mouth

因为舌头前部接触上颚

/n/

/n/

rather than the back of the  tongue creating the ‘NG’

而不是舌头后部产生“NG”

/ŋ/ (ng)

/ŋ/ (ng)

So don’t say

所以不要说

/strɒn/

/strɒn/

say strong /strɒŋ/

说 strong /strɒŋ/

strong /strɒŋ/

strong /strɒŋ/

strong-willed /ˌstrɒŋ ˈwɪld/.

strong-willed /ˌstrɒŋ ˈwɪld/。

Next, we have - thick-skinned.

接下来，我们有——脸皮厚。

This means that you are not  sensitive to criticism or insults.

这意味着您对批评或侮辱不敏感。

You’re able to withstand adversity.

你有能力经受住逆境。

“Politicians need to be thick-skinned  as they often face a lot of criticism.”

“政治家需要脸皮厚，因为他们经常面临很多批评。”

The 'th' here should see the  tongue placed between the teeth.

这里的“th”应该看到放在牙齿之间的舌头。

Thick /θɪk/

Thick /θɪk/

thick /θɪk/

thick /θɪk/

thick-skinned /ˌθɪk ˈskɪnd/

thick-skinned /ˌθɪk ˈskɪnd/

Moving on we have ‘tight-fisted’.

继续说“tight-fisted”。

Someone that is tight-fisted  is unwilling to spend money.

吝啬的人是不愿意花钱的。

A fun synonym of this is ‘stingy’.

一个有趣的同义词是“吝啬”。

“Don’t be tight-fisted all your  life, you can’t take your money  

“一辈子不要吝啬，

with you when you die so you may  as well enjoy it, live a little.”

死了钱也带不走，还不如好好享受，好好活着。”

And there are some silent letters  here to try and confuse you.

这里有一些无声的字母试图让你感到困惑。

We have tight /taɪt/

我们有 tight /taɪt/

tight /taɪt/

tight /taɪt/

tight-fisted /ˌtaɪt ˈfɪstəd/.

tight-fisted /ˌtaɪt ˈfɪstəd/。

Next on the list is ‘two-faced’.

名单上的下一个是“双面人”。

‘Two-faced’ means deceitful or hypocritical;  

“两面派”表示欺骗或虚伪；

you behave one way with certain people  but contradict yourself with others.

你对某些人行事为人，但对其他人却自相矛盾。

Like if you are complaining about  Jerry, saying how much you hate him,  

就像你在抱怨杰里，说你多么恨他，

but then smile and behave like  his friend when you see Jerry,  

但是当你看到杰里时，你会微笑着表现得像他的朋友，

“Alright, Jerry!” Then you are two-faced.

“好吧，杰里！”那你就是两面派。

“Do not trust anything she says to  you because she is so two-faced.”

“不要相信她对你说的任何话，因为她太两面了。”

Next, we have ‘well-balanced’. When describing a person as well-balanced it  

接下来，我们有“均衡”。当形容一个人平衡时，

means they have a stable, harmonious disposition;  they are mentally and emotionally stable.

意味着他们具有稳定，和谐的性格；他们在精神和情绪上都很稳定。

“Tina has always been a positive influence  within the group, she is just a nice,  

“蒂娜一直在团队中产生积极的影响，她是一个漂亮、

well-balanced young woman; always willing  to get involved and support everyone.”

平衡的年轻女性；总是愿意参与并支持每个人。”

Now, if you were to choose two  compound adjectives to describe  

现在，如果你要选择两个复合形容词来描述

yourself and how you are feeling  today, which two would you choose?

你自己和你今天的感受，你会选择哪两个？

Let me know in the comments below.

请在下面的评论中告诉我。

Now, these are commonly used adjectives,  

现在，这些是常用的形容词，

but you can also use slang terms to describe  people, like the words I cover in this lesson.

但您也可以使用俚语来形容人，就像我在本课中介绍的词一样。

Did you see that one?

你看到那个了吗？

If not, then check it out!

如果没有，请检查一下！

Until next time, take care and goodbye.

直到下一次，保重，再见。