Upper-Intermediate to Advanced English Vocabulary - Compound Adjectives

30,052 views ใƒป 2023-04-16

English Like A Native


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello everyone, Anna hereย  from englishlikeanative.co.uk
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, Anna๋‹˜์ด englishlikeanative.co.uk์—์„œ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:05
Thank you for joining me for this top-class, fun-filled, upper-intermediate English lesson.
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. ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ค‘์ƒ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Wow, what are those?
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์™€์šฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:14
They are compound adjectives.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
What is a compound adjective?
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๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:20
A compound adjective is made up of two orย  more words that work together to describeย 
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๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:27
a noun.
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.
00:28
These words should be hyphenated soย  that the reader knows that they areย ย 
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋…์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:33
working together as an adjective.
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.
00:35
Besides the compound adjectives you just heard,ย  other examples of compound adjectives are:
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋“ค์€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
โ€˜well-knownโ€™
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'well-known'
00:42
This is a well-known song.
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This is a well-known song.
00:44
and โ€˜full-timeโ€™
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00:46
Iโ€™m looking for a full-time job.
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์ •๊ทœ์ง์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Compound adjectives provide a conciseย  and descriptive way to modify a noun,ย ย 
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๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
00:54
often conveying a specificย  quality or characteristic.
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์ข…์ข… ํŠน์ • ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
Today we are covering 15 compound adjectivesย  that are commonly used to describe people.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” 15๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
Now knowing and using compound adjectives willย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
01:10
help you to express yourselfย  more precisely and fluently.
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๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
But of course, simply having a largeย  vocabulary doesnโ€™t make you fluent.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์–ดํœ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
And so, if you would like to know about theย  effective strategy that I use to help my studentsโ€™ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ „๋žต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด
01:24
reach English fluency, then come and takeย  part in my FREE 90-minute Fluency Masterclass.
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์ œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ 90๋ถ„ ์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:30
I will leave a link in the description belowย  so you can see when the next class is running.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์–ธ์ œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์•„๋ž˜ ์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘˜๊ฒŒ์š”.
01:35
Now letโ€™s boost your vocabulary.
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์ด์ œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์—ฌ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:41
Number one.
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ.
01:42
Absent-minded.
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์ •์‹ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ์ •์‹ ์— ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด๋ง์ฆ
01:43
This means forgetful or lacking attentionย  to detail due to a preoccupied mind.
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์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์˜๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:52
โ€œAh I forgot to bring the tickets with me,ย ย 
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"์•„ ๋‚˜ ํ‹ฐ์ผ“ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นœ๋นกํ–ˆ์–ด.
01:55
honestly I am so absent-minded at the moment,ย  Iโ€™m surprised I donโ€™t forget my own name.โ€
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์†”์งํžˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์žˆ์–ด. ๋‚ด ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•ด."
02:00
The second vowel in theย  word โ€˜absentโ€™ is pronouncedย 
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'absent'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชจ์Œ์€
02:04
as a schwa /ษ™/, so we haveย  /หˆรฆbsษ™nt/ rather than /หˆรฆbsent/.
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์Šˆ์™€ /ษ™/๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ /หˆรฆbsent / ๋Œ€์‹  /หˆรฆbsษ™nt/๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
Absent, repeat after me absentย  /หˆรฆbsษ™nt/, absent /หˆรฆbsษ™nt/.
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๊ฒฐ์„, ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ์„ /หˆรฆbsษ™nt/, ๊ฒฐ์„ /หˆรฆbsษ™nt/ ์ดํ›„์— ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
In the compound adjective, the T is dropped.
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๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” T๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
So we have /หŒรฆb sษ™n หˆmaษชndษชd/,ย  absent-minded /หŒรฆb sษ™n หˆmaษชndษชd/.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” /หŒรฆb sษ™n หˆmaษชndษชd/, ๋ฉํ•œ /หŒรฆb sษ™n หˆmaษชndษชd/๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Next on the list is โ€˜bad-temperedโ€™.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์€ '์„ฑ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
This means easily irritated or quick to anger.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์งœ์ฆ์„ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
โ€œOh, my sisterโ€™s bad-tempered husband castย  a shadow over the entire celebration.โ€
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โ€œ์˜ค, ๋‚ด ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ๋‚˜์œ ๋‚จํŽธ์ด ์ถ•์ œ ์ „์ฒด์— ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์› ์–ด.โ€
02:37
For this one, I want to focus onย  the ending, โ€˜temperEDโ€™, we have theย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฏธ 'temperED'์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
โ€œ-ษ™dโ€ sound, tempered /หˆtempษ™d/.
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'-ษ™d' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ, ํ™”์Œ /หˆtempษ™d/๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Bad-tempered /หŒbรฆdหˆtempษ™d/.
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์„ฑ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ /หŒbรฆdหˆtempษ™d/.
02:48
Moving on we have โ€˜big-headedโ€™.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํฐ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
This means having an inflatedย  sense of one's own importance,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ’€๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
so you think you are more importantย  than you are, like, to be arrogant.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ค๋งŒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:03
โ€œI want to hire the young celebrity butย  he is so big-headed and egotistical.โ€
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โ€œ์ Š์€ ์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ณ  ์ž๊ธฐ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ด์—์š”.โ€
03:08
Next, โ€˜easy-goingโ€™. This means toย  be generally relaxed and tolerant.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ 'ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
โ€œIt helps to be easy-going when youโ€™re workingย  with kids. They are often noisy and messy.โ€
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โ€œ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋Š๊ธ‹ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
03:23
Now the S in โ€˜easyโ€™ is pronouncedย  as a Z, so donโ€™t pronounce it asย ย 
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์ด์ œ 'easy'์˜ S๋Š” Z๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:30
easy-going /หˆiหSฤฑหˆgษ™สŠฤฑล‹/, butย  as easy-going /หˆiหZฤฑหˆgษ™สŠฤฑล‹/.
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easy-going /หˆiหSฤฑหˆgษ™สŠฤฑล‹/๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  easy-going /หˆiหZฤฑหˆgษ™สŠฤฑล‹/๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:35
Next we have โ€˜good-temperedโ€™,ย  opposite to โ€˜bad-temperedโ€™.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ '์„ฑ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ'์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ธ '์„ฑ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
โ€˜Good-temperedโ€™ describes a person withย  a pleasant and agreeable disposition.
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์„ฑ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€'์€ ์œ ์พŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๋ƒฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
โ€œMost people think rottweilers are dangerous,ย ย 
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"๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋กœํŠธ์™€์ผ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ
03:49
but in my experience, they have alwaysย  been sweet and good-tempered dogs.โ€
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ƒ ์• ๋งˆ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ƒ๋ƒฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฐœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:54
Moving on. โ€˜Laid-backโ€™. This meansย  to be relaxed not tense or stressed.
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๊ณ„์†. ์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์›€'. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
โ€œI love eating in this restaurant becauseย  it has a lovely, laid-back atmosphere.โ€
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์—์„œ ์‹์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
04:09
With this adjective the D at the end of โ€˜laidโ€™ย  /leษชd/ is not released, your tongue tip movesย ย 
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์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด 'laid' /leษชd/ ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” D๊ฐ€ ํ’€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ํ˜€๋์ด
04:16
up to the /d/ position on the roof of the mouthย  d โ€“ d โ€“ d, but doesnโ€™t release the /d/ sound.
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์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ์˜ /d/ ์œ„์น˜๊นŒ์ง€ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€๋งŒ d โ€“ d โ€“ d๋Š” ๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€๋งŒ /d๋Š” ํ’€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. / ์†Œ๋ฆฌ.
04:24
Instead, your lips close ready for the B of โ€˜backโ€™ย ย 
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๋Œ€์‹  '๋’ค'์˜ B /bรฆk/๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž…์ˆ ์„ ๋‹ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:31
/bรฆk/. /หˆleฤฑ... หˆbรฆk/, /หˆleฤฑ... หˆbรฆk/.
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. /หˆleฤฑ... หˆbรฆk/, /หˆleฤฑ... หˆbรฆk/.
04:33
Next, narrow-minded.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ํŽธํ˜‘ํ•œ ๋งˆ์Œ.
04:35
If you are narrow-minded thenย  you are unwilling to considerย ย 
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๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํŽธํ˜‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:40
different ideas or opinions, youโ€™re intolerant.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ํŽธํ˜‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
โ€œMy manager doesnโ€™t understand the benefits ofย  diversity in the workplace. I am surprised he thatย ย 
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โ€œ๋‚ด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋Š” ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์˜ ์ด์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํŽธํ˜‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€
04:50
he was promoted into the management teamย  when he has such narrow-minded views.โ€
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๊ฒฝ์˜ํŒ€์œผ๋กœ ์Šน์ง„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค โ€๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
When saying the word โ€˜narrowโ€™ย  avoid tapping the R sound.
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'์ข๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ R ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํƒญํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
05:00
Float the tongue in the middle of the mouth toย ย 
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์ž… ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋„์›Œ ์ด
05:03
create this steady sound /รฆr/ -ย  narrow /หˆnรฆrษ™สŠ/, narrow /หˆnรฆrษ™สŠ/.
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๊พธ์ค€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ /รฆr/ - ์ข์€ /หˆnรฆrษ™สŠ/, ์ข์€ /หˆnรฆrษ™สŠ/์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
Narrow-minded /หnรฆrษ™สŠ`maฤฑndฤฑd/.
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ํŽธํ˜‘ํ•œ /หnรฆrษ™สŠ`maฤฑndฤฑd/.
05:12
Rather than /หnรฆrษ™.../, /หnรฆrษ™.../ /หnรฆrษ™...ย  rษ™... rษ™... /. You do not want that.
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/หnรฆrษ™.../๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” /หnรฆrษ™.../ /หnรฆrษ™... rษ™... rษ™... /. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Opposite to โ€˜narrow-mindedโ€™ is โ€˜open-mindedโ€™. This means you are willing to consider differentย ย 
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'์ข์€ ๋งˆ์Œ'์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€ '์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:24
ideas and opinions; you are open,ย  youโ€™re receptive to new experiences.
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. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ด๋ ค ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
โ€œShe was an open-minded teacherย  who encouraged her students toย ย 
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"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
05:34
think critically and explore new ideas.โ€
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๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
05:36
Moving on. We have โ€˜self-centredโ€™.
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๊ณ„์†. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” '์ž๊ธฐ ์ค‘์‹ฌ'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
This means excessivelyย  focused on oneself, selfish.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š”, ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
A self-centred person willย  only think about themself,ย ย 
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
05:47
they will put their needsย  before the needs of others.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ•„์š”๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ•„์š”๋ฅผ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
โ€œYou shouldnโ€™t spend all your money on new clothesย  and nightโ€™s out with friends if you canโ€™t affordย ย 
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โ€œ์ž์‹์„ ๋จน์ผ ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ƒˆ ์˜ท์„ ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ฐค์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:57
to feed your children. This sort of self-centredย  behaviour makes you look like a bad parent.โ€
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. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋‚˜์œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
06:02
The ending of this compound adjectiveย ย 
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์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์–ด๋ฏธ๋Š”
06:06
is โ€œ-ษ™dโ€. Centred /หˆsentษ™d /, centredย  /หˆsentษ™d /, self-centred /หself`sentษ™d/.
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'-ษ™d'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์‹ฌ /หˆsentษ™d /, ์ค‘์‹ฌ /หˆsentษ™d /, ์ž๊ธฐ ์ค‘์‹ฌ /หself`sentษ™d/.
06:11
Also note that you will see a variationย  in the spelling depending on the country,ย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งž์ถค๋ฒ•์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:17
you may see centered ended with E-R-E-D.
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๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๋งž์ถค์ด E-R-E-D๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Next, we have โ€˜self-assuredโ€™. This basically meansย  confident in one's own abilities or qualities.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ '์ž๊ธฐ ํ™•์‹ '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
โ€œThe self-assured athletes perform better overallย  in competitions than the nervous newcomers.โ€
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"์ž๊ธฐ ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์งˆ์ ์ธ ์‹ ์ž… ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:35
Ignore the letter R in โ€˜assuredโ€™ย  /ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd / and pronounce it asย ย 
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'assured' /ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd /์˜ ๋ฌธ์ž R์„ ๋ฌด์‹œ ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:40
โ€˜assuredโ€™ /ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd/. Self-assured /หself ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd/.
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'assured' /ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd/๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” /หself ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd/.
06:44
You may be able to notice thatย  the double S is pronouncedย ย 
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์ด์ค‘ S๋Š”
06:48
as an a sh /สƒ/, shhhh self-assured /หself ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd/.
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sh /สƒ/, shhhh self-assured /หself ษ™หˆสƒษ”หd/๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
Self-assured.
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์ž๊ธฐ ํ™•์‹ .
06:54
Next, we have โ€˜strong-willedโ€™. Thisย  means to be determined; resolute.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ '๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜์ง€'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค.
07:00
โ€œMy strong-willed toddler is a handful now butย  I am confident that he will achieve whateverย 
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"์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋‚ด ์•„์ด๋Š” ์ด์ œ ํ•œ ์คŒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์„ฑ์ทจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:07
he wants in life.โ€
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."
07:08
Here, the โ€˜-NGโ€™ can sometimes beย  mispronounced as a /n/ sound (a single N),ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ '-NG'๋Š” ๋•Œ๋กœ ํ˜€์˜ ๋’ค์ชฝ์ด 'NG'๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ํ˜€์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ /n/์— ๋‹ฟ์•„ /n/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ(๋‹จ์ผ N)๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป ๋ฐœ์Œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
with the front of the tongueย  touching the roof of the mouth
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07:18
/n/
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07:19
rather than the back of theย  tongue creating the โ€˜NGโ€™
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07:23
/ล‹/ (ng)
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/ล‹/ (ng)
07:25
So donโ€™t say
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ
07:26
/strษ’n/
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/strษ’n/
07:27
say strong /strษ’ล‹/
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say strong /strษ’ล‹/
07:30
strong /strษ’ล‹/
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strong /strษ’ล‹/
07:33
strong-willed /หŒstrษ’ล‹ หˆwษชld/.
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strong-willed /หŒstrษ’ล‹ หˆwษชld/๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
07:34
Next, we have - thick-skinned.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‘๊ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
This means that you are notย  sensitive to criticism or insults.
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์ด๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์š•์— ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Youโ€™re able to withstand adversity.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
โ€œPoliticians need to be thick-skinnedย  as they often face a lot of criticism.โ€
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โ€œ์ •์น˜์ธ์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํŒ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ”ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‘๊บผ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
07:50
The 'th' here should see theย  tongue placed between the teeth.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 'th'๋Š” ์น˜์•„ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
Thick /ฮธษชk/
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Thick /ฮธษชk/
07:57
thick /ฮธษชk/
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thick /ฮธษชk/
07:58
thick-skinned /หŒฮธษชk หˆskษชnd/
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thick-skinned /หŒฮธษชk หˆskษชnd/
07:59
Moving on we have โ€˜tight-fistedโ€™.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ '๋นก๋นก'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
Someone that is tight-fistedย  is unwilling to spend money.
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์ธ์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
A fun synonym of this is โ€˜stingyโ€™.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์˜์–ด๋Š” 'stingy'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
โ€œDonโ€™t be tight-fisted all yourย  life, you canโ€™t take your moneyย ย 
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"ํ‰์ƒ ์ธ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
with you when you die so you mayย  as well enjoy it, live a little.โ€
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์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:18
And there are some silent lettersย  here to try and confuse you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌด์–ธ์˜ ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:22
We have tight /taษชt/
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ํƒ€์ดํŠธํ•œ /taษชt/
08:25
tight /taษชt/
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ํƒ€์ดํŠธํ•œ /taษชt/
08:26
tight-fisted /หŒtaษชt หˆfษชstษ™d/.
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ํƒ€์ดํŠธํ•œ /หŒtaษชt หˆfษชstษ™d/๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
Next on the list is โ€˜two-facedโ€™.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์€ '๋‘ ์–ผ๊ตด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
โ€˜Two-facedโ€™ means deceitful or hypocritical;ย ย 
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'์–‘๋ฉด'์€ ๊ธฐ๋งŒ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„์„ ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
you behave one way with certain peopleย  but contradict yourself with others.
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ํŠน์ • ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ชจ์ˆœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Jerry์—
08:41
Like if you are complaining aboutย  Jerry, saying how much you hate him,ย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์›Œํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
08:46
but then smile and behave likeย  his friend when you see Jerry,ย ย 
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Jerry๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
โ€œAlright, Jerry!โ€ Then you are two-faced.
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"์ข‹์•„, Jerry!" ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‘ ์–ผ๊ตด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
โ€œDo not trust anything she says toย  you because she is so two-faced.โ€
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"๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‘ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”."
08:58
Next, we have โ€˜well-balancedโ€™. When describing a person as well-balanced itย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ '๊ท ํ˜•'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ท ํ˜• ์žกํžŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ
09:05
means they have a stable, harmonious disposition;ย  they are mentally and emotionally stable.
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์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ์กฐํ™”๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ์ •์„œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
โ€œTina has always been a positive influenceย  within the group, she is just a nice,ย ย 
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โ€œTina๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ 
09:18
well-balanced young woman; always willingย  to get involved and support everyone.โ€
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๊ท ํ˜• ์žกํžŒ ์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•  ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
09:23
Now, if you were to choose twoย  compound adjectives to describeย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:28
yourself and how you are feelingย  today, which two would you choose?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:32
Let me know in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
09:34
Now, these are commonly used adjectives,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
09:37
but you can also use slang terms to describeย  people, like the words I cover in this lesson.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์†์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
Did you see that one?
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ๋ดค์–ด?
09:45
If not, then check it out!
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค!
09:47
Until next time, take care and goodbye.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ณ„์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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