Fluent in 15 Minutes: How Natives Use English Prepositions

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all right and we are rolling I am Drew  Badger the founder of englishanyone.com  

and the English fluency guide welcome  to another live video here on YouTube  

today I'm going to help you learn more  about developing fluency by focusing  

on a particular topic so I did the uh another  of these little I'm calling them Quick videos  

even though they take longer uh because I'm  answering questions from people [Laughter]

look at that all the Japanese people right at the  beginning oh nice to see everybody there all right  

uh glad to see people in the chat I'm going to try  to focus myself and uh hopefully so I will uh make  

sure I'm I'm trying not to get too distracted by  the comments but I want to get through this lesson  

at the beginning of the video and then as usual  if people have any questions I will do my best to  

answer those uh but today what we're going to do  is talk about prepositions because I know people  

have a lot of issue with those but I really want  to show again the point of this new kind of series  

if people enjoy it I will make more of these  but you don't become fluent by learning a lot  

of vocabulary you become fluent when you destroy  the doubts that stop you from speaking and you do  

that by uh focusing on a particular topic uh yes  Louis says I thought it was tomorrow yes uh today  

this is kind of a surprise lesson I will not be  doing the normal Thursday lesson I didn't mention  

this on uh Monday when I recorded before uh but  today look at that so you get a special lesson  

today but no lesson tomorrow but you get it a day  early so look at that anyway uh so we're going to  

talk about prepositions and I took some of my uh  my daughter's toys uh and we're going to look at  

prepositions with these uh but I really want to  again Focus we're just going to talk a lot about  

uh how preposition work and how you can use them  in different ways so you really understand and  

then if you have any questions you can ask those  as well remember the focus is the key not just  

learning a lot of vocabulary but how do we answer  the questions that stop us from speaking so if you  

think well I want to say this but I don't know  if we say on or in or at or whatever uh so let's  

look at this so uh just like the previous video uh  we've got uh I think that one I was talking about  

my hand my hand but today we're talking about  prepositions uh and I'll mention one more quick  

thing about uh just something to think about as  you're learning even if a lesson whatever lesson  

it could be a video of mine or you're watching  anything you can have a particular topic that you  

focusing on so if I'm a baseball coach for example  I might tell my child hey like uh there could be  

lots of things that happen in this game but you  just focus on this one thing today like watching  

the ball or trying to catch the ball or swinging a  certain way and in the same way like I could make  

this same lesson and say the focus is something  else but I'm trying to direct your focus just to  

the prepositions like on or in or at um but just  keep that in mind as you're learning because you  

can really take anything you're focusing on and  project that onto the lesson so if you're watching  

a movie maybe you're just listening to how people  speak or their pronunciation or something or  

you're focused on whatever else anyway so we're  talking about prepositions here and we'll just  

start with some simple things so first I have a  regular car just a a simple metal car I don't know  

what color this is it's kind of a like a like a  brass or maybe polished brown color interesting  

color but it's a metallic so kind of uh kind of  brushed polished little bit sparkly actually uh  

brown color here and then we have a car carrier  a car carrier so this is a vehicle that can carry  

other car so Louis is asking automatic gear I  don't know if this is automatic gear or not like  

looking from looking at the bottom you can kind  of see at the bottom of the car you tell me so  

I'm not going to pretend I know a lot about cars  but I do know how to talk about prepositions so I  

can't tell if this is automatic transmission or  manual but that is another thing to think about  

so automatic means you don't have to change  any gears the car automatically changes that  

for you but a manual transmission also known as a  stick shift so you can ask people hey do you know  

how to drive stick to drive stick uh since Lewis  brought that up I'll just give this here this is  

a really good native way of saying do you know how  to drive a manual transmission car so we just say  

drive stick so can you drive stick and again stick  just means it's like the actual little little gear  

shift that you have to that you have to change  while you're driving so can you drive stick that  

means can you drive a manual transmission car we  talked about hands in the last video uh and that's  

where we get another like uh I think uh Spanish  is Manos as well for hand and we get manual uh  

for the same meaning in English all right so we  have our uh two cars here our car carrier and we  

have our car over here and hopefully you should  know some of these basic things uh but I want to  

connect these physical ideas with some figurative  ones uh as well so here we have the uh little  

car is on the car carrier pretty simple so we can  have the car is on the car carrier or even in this  

location over here uh you could say like down here  the car is on the carrier also all right so we're  

just talking about the physical location of it it  could be you could talk about like it's on on if  

you want to be more specific on the lower level  the lower level of the car or the upper level  

of the car carrier same thing so pretty simple so  we've got on and now we can have we can talk about  

over or above over or above so both of these are  fine like the car is over the car carrier or the  

car is on so very simple over or above you can  use both of those and then the opposite we can  

say under or below so the car is under the car  carrier here or the car is below the car carrier  

uh it doesn't matter if it's if it's touching or  not but usually there's some a little bit of space  

there when we talk about being uh under something  else or below something else like that so you can  

imagine if this is a bridge then the car maybe is  under under the bridge or going below the bridge  

same idea now if we want to talk about motion so  if the car is just sitting here we have the car  

is on the the car carrier but if we're talking  about motion like the car is going on the car  

carrier over here so you can add a verb to that  and talk about where it's going like is it going  

on or going over or going up so the car you can  see right here like the car is going up the ramp  

the car is going up the ramp and going on or you  can you can also say going onto the car carrier  

the same thing so the is going up or the car is  uh the car is going onto the car carrier now we  

could move the ramp the upper ramp so this is the  lower ramp and we have also an upper ramp look at  

that aren't these toys so cool I I play with  these sometimes I have a lot of fun with these  

with my kids so here we go the car is going up or  it's going on the upper and then we can raise the  

the upper ramp over here and then close the lower  ramp or the bottom ramp in the same way all right  

so we have on something and going onto or moving  onto something else all right uh ABDO says when  

can we say the car is going into now good idea so  here you could say the car is going into and onto  

because we're talking about like a native would  think that the slight difference in nuances is  

it going inside something or are you talk about  or are you talking about the car riding something  

or just like being on a physical thing like this  so you you could talk about well we need to drive  

uh the car carrier on or drive the car onto or on  the car carrier but you could also talk about it  

being in something like this now it's a little bit  tricky a native could say both of those and you  

would be correct but typically we talk about in  when it's maybe a tunnel or some box or something  

like that that it's not moving so the car is in a  tunnel so if we imagine this is not a car carrier  

not a vehicle but just an actual tunnel then the  car is in the tunnel so it's covered around here  

you can't see the sides of it the car is in the  tunnel just like it's inside this box over here so  

here we I I want you to understand that there are  different ways of talking about things where it's  

not like there's just one correct way of saying  it but usually if there's a a slight difference  

in Nuance it's just are we talking about maybe  the car is inside this area so here you could  

say in or are we talking about the car being on  the car carrier itself and it doesn't matter if  

the car is up here or here so the car can be  on the character or on the car carrier here  

or the car could be on the car carrier up here  so any any location on this physical thing and  

it's a vehicle so we talk about being on that as  well Noel just said what about going through so  

that's another we're talking about the motion of  something just like we're going through a tunnel  

that way so we're talking about physical motion  from one place to another that's going through  

some kind of object all right now before I go  any further about prepositions I said I wanted  

to talk about some figurative uses as well so  a literal uses a literal usage uh just means  

you can see something it's actually happening  the car is on the car carrier pretty simple but  

we can also be on a particular topic like today's  topic we are talking about prepositions so today's  

lesson is on prepositions it can be just referring  to anything you're talking about or maybe we're  

covering something right now uh but anything  you're doing like I can be on this right now or if  

it's my responsibility to do something a friend of  mine says hey can you uh can you go get some milk  

from the grocery store and I say sure I'm on it so  it means I'm responsible for that thing like now  

I am doing the act the activity so very useful uh  again trying to understand things and when young  

children so native children are learning uh things  like this they they obviously learn these simple  

prepositions first like the car is on the car car  uh the car carrier excuse me but they hear their  

parents or other people talking about oh I'm on  the phone in the same way so even though the the  

person is is not physically standing on the phone  it's like what they're doing at the moment so  

I'm on the phone all right or what are we talking  about right now this conversation is on something  

or this is a lesson on prepositions all right so  that's one way you could talk about it we could  

also talk about being about something like this  prepos or this lesson is about prepositions or  

this lesson is on prepositions as well all right  but hopefully you're getting the idea usually  

when people are learning language they begin with  something they can see like this it's easier but  

then we also learn how we can use it in different  ways so I can be on uh maybe uh on a phone call or  

I'm talking about a particular thing like today's  lesson is on something else all right pretty  

simple now we talked about being inside and on as  well and this one a car carrier it's a little bit  

tricky because you could have the Nuance of both  of those things being on something or in the car  

the car character a car carrier I keep calling  this a car character it's a car carrier even  

says car carrier right here uh Toma this is a  Japanese brand because I'm out in Japan this  

is not sponsored by the way uh but I just thought  this would be a good thing since we can show both  

of these uh at the same time so we talked about on  and over and just like we're talking about being  

over something or in something we have figurative  ways of using that so we could be again inside  

something physical or I could be talking about  being in the middle of something else like I'm in  

the middle of a phone call or in the middle of a  conversation or just in a conversation so anytime  

you're you're talking about something being inside  something else it doesn't necessarily need to be

physical so it's more about the idea of being  inside or in the middle of doing something so I  

could be playing a sport so I could be in a  game or I could be in a meeting in the same

way or I could be in a lesson or a

class okay so we're talking about something  happening inside something else just like  

there can be something physical like a marker in  my hand all right so here we would talk about the  

marker being on my hand like on the top of my hand  but here it's in my hand in my hand all right let  

me go back and check uh comments see if anybody  has any questions that I missed but uh if you  

are still following me and you have any questions  about anything else let me know uh let's see uh  

soogan says hello there George and Silvana nice to  see you thank you for the class rooll says hello  

Fatima says hello uh and again we got the gono  chimpo so chimpo subas says there and Tom and  

let's see meth says hello from Bangladesh Lauren  nice to see you there the best teacher ever were  

you too kind if you are enjoying these and you  would like more of these again the the point is  

really to focus on something it's not even just  to play with toys or something although that is  

a really good way to learn because you can see  what I'm talking about I'm not just talking or  

even doing my usual uh not so good drawings on  the board but you can hear what I'm talking about  

and actually understand it by see it all right  Natalia says hi super teacher well hello that's  

a cool little Emoji there that little little uh  what is that it's like a like a star some kind of  

thing it looks very cool comido says good morning  marcelian says hello from Brazil and Tom wasn't  

prepared for this but now you are now you are here  so Danny says good evening from Brazil that's a  

very good subject so tricky yes so if you have  particular questions about uh prepositions or the  

better way way to think about this is uh I'm in  this situation or talking about this but I don't  

know the correct way to say that so let me know  probably you know something like on something else  

or under something else but hopefully I can help  you understand maybe something more difficult uh  

the way people might use it in a different context  so not just physical things like that George says  

a diecast car yes I think these are small uh  little metal part part metal and part plastic  

and then paint Ed Vehicles Toma is uh pretty good  it's a pretty popular Famous Brand here in Japan  

Fabio says hello and ildar again what's up Drew  so uh station or gas you mean for the like for  

the kind of card all right let's see uh today's  agenda yes you so here we would say again on  

today's agenda or for today's agenda or you could  also say in today's class we're talking about toys  

part two yes so again when I'm learning Japanese  it's the same thing I'd much rather see something  

and try to understand it in Japanese rather  than just get someone to tell me a translation  

all right uh let's see Alex says hi from China  the fifth time welcome back Alex and ala from  

Yemen Miram from Vancouver crypto pigeon that's an  interesting name from Cuba and pal looks like that  

comment is deleted Splinter Man could you please  spell your truck car oh this it's called a car

carrier so we're carrying to carry other vehicles  and this one actually has the name right on it so  

Toma is just the name of the brand and then  car actually this says carrier car he kind of  

reverse it but uh in English we would call it  usually a car carrier a car carrier Jose said  

from Brazil uh truck is a word that had the two  ideas how do you understand the simple truck is  

a word that two ideas what do you mean Louis  that sounds like an interesting question but  

I want to know exactly what you mean so post  another comment and let me know ad a teacher  

if your car is broke what name the vehicle uh it  will moved your car to the mechanic to fix it ah  

good question so that's a uh kind of related to  this but let's say uh your car and typically the  

the word we use for this is broke broke down so  my car broke down or you could say it is broken

down and broken down is a general term for  something is wrong with my car and I don't  

know maybe it's an engine problem or a wheel  or something I don't know what the issue is  

uh but it's broken down but if you're going to  get someone to take your car usually from the  

road back to make like a mechanic where you can  get it fixed this is typically a tow truck so  

you call a tow truck to tow something this is  the verb to pull something like that to tow a  

car so a tow truck uh just I'll draw a kind of  not so good picture of it but so here's a tow  

truck and usually the tow truck has some kind of  crane on the back so it has a little hook and it  

can move the put some wheels on there as well  so it can pull your car and tow your car just  

like when people are riding uh even the same  kind of idea maybe some people have seen when  

you're driving you have let's say a here's just  a van and the van has we call this a hitch so  

the hitch is this little little kind of ball part  over here uh that we use to connect to something  

else like a trailer hitch uh and then you could  put maybe a boat or you know something else over  

here that also has a trailer with wheels on  it so we can tow something like that okay so  

we can tow a car or we can tow a boat or tow a  trailer anything like that to tow so it's the  

same pronunciation as toe like the toes on my  foot to o e so that is a toe and then toe to o  

w means to pull the vehicle to tow something like  that uh all right and P let say hello teacher how  

are you I'm from Haiti nice to see you there n  Nelson says good evening from Colombia T says  

good evening and CNC hello I have one question  how about this preposition the plane is over me  

yes so that's fine like the plane is over you you  wouldn't want to say like the plane is on top of  

you unless it's actually on physically on you but  usually over you or above you is fine so even way  

up in the sky the plane would still be over you  in that way Splinter Man says thanks a million  

tar again train track versus Train Truck what is  the difference oh uh if you're talking about a

track now you could have if we're just  talking about physical things like a  

track so the word track just means some kind  of line or road or area where a vehicle would  

move so we could have different kinds of  tracks we could have like a walking Track

or a RAC track same kind of thing r a c a RAC  track where dogs or people or whatever something  

else or cars could run or drive um or we could  have train tracks as well so train tracks it just  

means like this any any kind of physical thing  like this where some vehicle would move along  

that but we can also again like a person can walk  on a track or you could run on a track all right  

it just means this is a particular way you're  going and this also has the same idea of literal  

and figurative so literally we have a physical  place where someone might walk like I'm on a train  

track or the train is on the train track uh and  in case someone has a question about pronunciation  

I'll give you this over here as well listen to  the difference of these carefully this is TR  

with the short vow sound a track track and this  is the short u sound truck truck truck so track  

truck track truck if you're curious about any of  these things click on the link in the description  

below for Frederick and it will give you all  of these different kinds of combinations of  

letters so you can learn these sounds the same way  natives do all right so we have a track but here's  

the interesting thing now we can take this and  talk about it in a figurative way like a career

track so my career track or you could talk about  I'm on track to do something so my career track  

is like the path that I'm on if I want to  become a doctor maybe the career track is  

going to school learning about biology and then  I go to medical school and then become a doctor  

that's a track that I'm on just like a train  is on a track all right so just means like a  

physical or a figurative road that you might  be on going from one place to another so all  

of these things are very useful and we can  have many different kinds of tracks but if  

you understand it now like a native hopefully you  feel more confident about using it good questions  

though all right let me see if I'm making sure  all right it will okay I answered those already  

all right and tell me some prepositions when  you need to leave uh your house or something  

like that so if you're talking about being like  inside your house or going out so we didn't talk  

about in or out yet uh but the same kind of  thing so I could be inside my house like if  

I'm physically inside it or I could be outside  over here and we also use in or inside or out  

or outside both of those are fine for each of  these situations so I am in my house right now  

right now I am in a room or I'm am inside a room  both of those are fine they mean the same thing  

or I am outside or I am outside uh out either  either one of those both of them are fine okay  

so inside or out side so you could talk about  like the which which side are you on are you on  

this side or that side are you inside or outside  all right lots of good questions over here keep  

these going all right and Miriam says a flat tire  yes a flat tire this is where you have a maybe a  

little I'll draw a kind of funny looking Tire over  here so the air there is a hole in your tire here  

again we we Us in the word in so there is a hole  in the tire we don't say there is a hole on the  

tire we talk about a hole in the tire there's  a hole in your tire and then you get a flat

tire flat

tire all right and all right yeah LS let me  know if you still have a question about that  

Danny I think what LS is trying to say is that  truck has uh two different meanings maybe H uh  

well we can talk about carrying something like  truck something so you can use truck as a noun  

or a verb so I can truck something like my I have  a really heavy bag that I bring everywhere I so I  

truck that bag with me or I truck that bag around  so anything you're carrying and typically when  

it's uh something big or large just like a regular  truck you know would uh maybe carry something like  

that uh then I would talk about carrying something  typically heavy uh and we would use truck for that  

for that verb to truck something around uh novel  says can we use down for another links like the  

television or phone yeah so that's another  idea about something being down so I didn't  

talk about that preposition but we're getting  there and it's we're I guess we're just flowing  

through these things flowing through here's that  other that preposition through again uh but we're  

talking about something being down so if we have  uh like the power being down uh typically we talk  

about like the physical idea the way you can  think about this is let's say we have let me

erase if we have some power lines so maybe we  have like a telephone pole like this and another  

telephone pole over here uh and there's a storm  and there's maybe so here are the wires over here  

but there's a lightning strike or something  and it breaks the wire so it snaps the wire  

it disconnects that and now instead of the wires  being connected they're actually kind of hanging  

down like this so you can remember it this way  like oh no the power is down now we don't we don't  

know if this is a specific problem maybe there's  actual uh there's no real disconnection there  

but there's some other issue and the power is not  working so we can talk about the power is down so  

the power is down so just like we can talk about  like the power being on power being on or off  

we can talk about it being down usually meaning  they're having they're like there there's some  

kind of problem with the power and it's not  working now we don't really talk about like the  

power being I mean you could say like the power is  up again some people could say that but typically  

we talk about the power being back as in the power  returned so the power is back or the power is back  

on the power is back on so the power might go down  or you could even say the power is out same idea  

isn't this interesting how natives can use all  these different ways to describe the same thing  

and so this is another important reason why we  focus when we learn because we don't want to just  

learn one way to say something that's not really  going to help us very much if people say something  

different but if you are prepared for lots of  different ways that natives might say something  

you will feel much more confident and relaxed  in conversations so look so the power is on the  

power is fine but no now something happened the  power is off or the power is down so if the power  

is just off usually you maybe uh turn a switch or  flip a switch we can talk about both of those to  

flip flip a switch like if I have just something  that's on or off like that like flip the switch  

up or flip the switch down like pretty pretty  easy thing so I can turn it on or turn it off  

uh even if I'm not actually turning something when  I go up and down like that I can flip it but look  

at that now the power comes back and the power is  back on all right some natives might even just say  

the power is gone it just disappeared all right  so lots of uh interesting ways to describe this  

when the power goes out when the power is out or  the power has disappeared uh let's see and let's  

see okay I think you got that one all right and  greetings from Peru says Joseph and again where  

are you from I don't know uh and I subscribed for  learning but nothing no nothing no what do you  

mean by that uh I am from Chicago though uh or do  we where are you where are you form you said where  

are you form you mean where am I from fab says uh  Drew how do you say highway in Germany you mean  

in German like the German language I don't know  what what is a Highway in German I don't speak  

German I don't know uh I know how to say that in  Japanese you would say like the co so Doo but uh I  

don't know how to say that in German but I'm sure  it's like a long interesting word I'm sure where  

is Anette uh where I think we have maybe one or  two Germans that are watching this right now uh  

crypto pigeon what about underneath yes that's  another good uh way to describe things so if I  

can bring my uh car carrier uh back up here again  so we have the car on the car character or the car  

carrier I keep saying that or the car could be  under or below or underneath all both of those  

are fine so underneath the same thing I'll write  that up here as well under let's make sure that

fits underneath underneath so there's no  difference there something could be under  

maybe I I lose my my keys or something my keys are  under the sofa or my keys are below the sofa uh or  

they are like underneath something now I I'll  make one kind of to try to help you understand  

make make this even a bit more clear uh let's say  here here here's a here's an instance where maybe  

you wouldn't or you would want to choose one  or the other so if we look at something like  

this so here's the here's the car carrier  and here's the car now right here this uh  

this car is under so it's right under the car  car carer it's below the car carrier and it's  

also underneath but now if we if we show you a  slightly different angle so right now looking  

at it from this side so the car is like you can  you can still see the car here is under or below  

or beneath but right here what do we have here  so right now this car it's still below so it's  

kind of like below the level of this one but it's  not under it anymore so you can see the difference  

where sometimes we would use below and sometimes  we would use under but below it just means like  

you can imagine a level of something like this  this car it could go out you know infinitely I  

guess how how high or how far this level is and  anything under there so maybe the car is at the  

same level but here it is below this level so  even though the car is not under it's not under  

the car carrier right now it's still below the  car carrier the car character a car carrier see  

the difference so here it's under and Below but  now it's just below the car carrier make sense so  

the same way we can have like the the car could  be above over here but it's not over the truck  

or it's not over the car carrier so here it's  above and over but here it's just above because  

it's it's above that level so this is typically  when people are using that but you can see why  

in some situations people would use it so this  situation this particular look at that like the  

car is under and it's also below but here it's  just below you see the difference okay so that's  

why the the more information you get and the more  examples you get the more confident you feel about  

oh that that's what something really means all  right so this is why if you just get one example  

of something or a typical lesson is is not going  into detail they're not focusing on something it  

becomes harder to really feel confident but  the more examples you get your brain really  

starts to understand the difference why we can  say one thing and not something else hopefully  

that is helpful for people but good questions  here uh so Louis says I talked to when is a  

car has a truck but there is a truck has a truck  also are you are you a car has a truck are you  

talking about like the truck bed uh maybe you  maybe you're referring to the bed of the truck

so there could be some cars that look like  trucks but uh in general here is a uh like  

a a a truck over here a truck usually has and  we'll just put uh some extra wheels on there  

um some this this is called the cab so this is  where people sit where the driver goes this is  

the cab of the truck uh and this is called the bed  of the truck back here all right so you might have  

the cab somebody is driving in the cab of the  truck but this is the bed or the truck bed over  

here all right so a truck usually has something  like this if you if you if you don't have a bed  

if it's just like this uh it it it's basically a  still a truck but you have a a covered bed where  

you're putting things inside something else okay  so you can put something uh on the truck or in the  

truck in the same way so it's a vehicle so we can  talk about being on it and usually if you can walk  

into something you can be it like you can walk and  be on an airplane uh but you can't walk on a car  

you would be on the top of the car so we say uh  you're in a car all right but for something like  

a motorcycle you're sitting on that thing so even  though you don't really walk on a motorcycle we're  

sitting on a motorcycle like we would sit on a  horse or sit on a bicycle icle in the same way but  

you can see just like this car carrier here we can  describe being in that thing so inside this space  

but also on this space so this car as I mentioned  before so the car is on the car carrier but it's  

also in the car carrier physically where it's  located here okay hopefully that makes sense all  

right let's keep going here lots of good questions  I'm trying to keep up with everybody over here  

uh but this is interesting these lessons always  go in unexpected directions just like a regular  

conversation would all right no says can we use  broke down for another things like Al things like  

television or phone yes so we can talk about like  usually broke down is is talking about physical  

parts that are moving so if we have a truck  there's an engine and parts are moving around  

in the inside of that so something is broken Bren  down but typically a phone like an iPhone I don't  

think it has moving Parts I think actually the new  newer iPhones or for the past few years they don't  

have any moving Parts in them so we wouldn't  really say it broke down we just say it's not  

working so we don't know why it's working but  again typically people are using broke down for  

a physical thing so a television might be broken  down or a phone could be broken down but usually  

like something that's broken down it's a physical  object and something that has physical moving  

parts inside of it uh let's see all says into  when we talk about something has been inferred  

or thrown and the same about onto but a different  position yeah like into and onto you don't have to  

throw something but it is talking about movement  in some way so if we have like the car is on right  

now I'm not touching the car the car is on the  car interior but I could take the car off or put  

the car on so I could move it here like I could  place the car on the car carrier or I could put  

the car or I could set the car on the car carrier  all right so if I'm moving something like moving  

it onto or into something else then that's where  I'm talking about the two part is talking about  

motion or or some kind of movement all right so I  could move onto something or go onto something or  

I could throw something as well all right but it  it's not it's not only for that so we could use  

it in different ways so moving it on to something  else uh and let's see Danny says underneath nice I  

knew this word but I didn't know how to use it  yes so it just means under something else but  

hopefully you understand now the difference like  this hand is under this one but now it's not but  

this hand is still below this hand okay so you  could think about there's kind of a line or a  

space here this hand is below this hand now it's  above this hand but it's not over this hand right  

now so over not over but it's still above so this  hand is above something else so one person could  

be like at a higher level than someone else they  could be above that person but maybe not over that  

person like in like people working in a company in  the same way uh so Fabio says the autobond oh yeah  

that's right so I think I think it's Auto Bond  right isn't it like now this is probably going  

to be a mistake since I am not a uh German I think  it's B A hn is that correct Auto Bon it's not Barn  

I don't I don't think that's correct but I think  it's it's like BN Auto but any anybody can please  

correct me if that is not uh if that is not the  case but I'm pretty sure it's not Auto uh thank  

you teacher you are the best is crypto glad to  hear it uh so this is between yes so you've got  

like one red car in between two I guess maybe  those are uh some police cars some cop cars  

English at night back again just because you  go abroad doesn't mean you won't be able to get  

fluent correct uh so if you're if you're talking  about like living abroad so I lived uh in Japan  

for a year and still couldn't speak fluently and  I know people today who have lived in Japan longer  

than me like 30 years or 40 years and they still  don't feel confident speaking Japanese so being in  

a local location doesn't guarantee fluency but if  you understand the language like a native that's  

when you have the confidence to speak so that's  why I focus on that and I remind people you don't  

need a speaking partner to get fluent you just  need to really feel confident by getting lots of  

examples of the native language so that you really  understand how natives understand it and and  

you're not thinking about it through translations  uh Krypto says when uh going to be the next class  

you would say when is the next class or when will  will the next class be or when is the next class  

going to happen there are different ways you could  say that uh but probably next Thursday maybe next  

Wednesday I think there is probably not a class  on or a lesson on Monday I believe but uh there  

are lots of other videos of mine that you have  probably not seen so enjoy those uh e mcra says  

that was very helpful I've learned to use under  and Below thank you teacher glad to hear yes so  

once you can see the difference it clicks in your  head ah so I call that a fluency trigger where you  

feel oh I actually understand that thing now and  I feel more confident about using it so that's why  

again it's important to look at times where maybe  you could say something is the same but sometimes  

when it's not but then you really understand the  difference uh CN C BMX again okay this preposition  

is very common but I think it a little complicated  two yes typically two is just talking about a  

direction something so if I'm here I'm giving a  message to you or I'm giving a present to you it  

just means that's the direction that the thing is  moving in so it could be to to this place or to  

that place or where are you going something like  that we're talking about uh the physical place or  

the physical direction or even the figurative  Direction so I could be giving you a message  

sending a message to you same thing and that's  why we talk about like onto so I could talk about  

like this car going onto here's we open  up our car carrier I think maybe someone  

was asking about the spelling but this is  how you spell it c a r r i e r so it just  

means to carry something I think I wrote that  earlier uh but this car is going on we could  

say it's just going on the car carrier or onto  the carrier onto the car carrier both of those  

are fine all right in the same way we can talk  about going in in or going into both of those  

are fine so we're just talking about motion  from one place to the other uh and typically  

we understand from the context you can see  the car actually going on or going on to and  

they mean the same thing so this situation  it's going on or on to same idea all right  

so anything also uh oh I think palom also just  had a uh had a good a good point there about on

so on it doesn't only it doesn't only mean on the  top of something and this is why people will often  

use on top of because on could also mean stuck on  a different part of something else here I could  

even say like let's say I'm this car is kind of  holding on it's on the car carrier but it's still  

it's under here but right now it's kind of stuck  on the bottom of it so I could still say oh the  

car is on the car carrier so it's still on the car  Carri uh the car carrier physically so this is on  

the car carrier this is on the car carrier this is  on the car carrier as well so anytime something is  

uh kind of stuck on something or like I could have  something on my face like oh no there's something  

on my face but it could be up here the car is  on my head the car is on my head the car is on  

my head or I could be more specific the car is on  my ear the car is on my nose the car is on my chin  

all right so the important thing is not like the  location it's it's more about touching that thing  

and it could be even below or under that thing uh  if it's still touching all right hopefully that  

makes sense so don't don't worry about it like  only being just on something uh and typically  

uh that's why people might say like oh the car  the car is on the car carrier now if I don't  

know maybe I can't see it I say oh where exactly  someone might say oh it's on top of on top of the  

car carrier or on the side of over here so on top  of the car carrier on the back of the car carrier  

on the front of the car carrier so we could be  more specific but all of these things are still  

on all right so again there are different ways  to express things but the more EX examples you  

get the more confident you feel about how they  work uh let's see and Jose says could you make  

more prompts for chat gbt please the video made on  that was very helpful for me well think about what  

what are some specific things you're interested  in what would you like to be able to talk about  

so for that prompt uh I made a video about telling  chat GPT how you want it to teach you uh and this  

is using some naturally varied reviews so telling  chat GP T to explain something like a native so  

explaining something the way a native would get it  like an elementary school maybe 10-year-old child  

would learn something uh but also to get lots of  examples so if you'd like to watch that video you  

can search my my channel for chat GPT hiker fan  says I work uh upgrading commercial Vans interior  

for the most part wow that's an interesting job  so you like you you kind of maybe design things  

or build things for Vans uh I would like to do  that job too that sounds like a lot of fun I like  

kind of Designing things and figuring out uh how  to use spaces that kind of thing but yeah that's  

that's an interesting job uh real check says  screw up meaning because I have understood what  

you uh please to screw something up uh typically  screw something up to screw up so we have uh like  

a screwdriver I'll draw a big picture of it here  so a screw usually looks like this and it's got  

you know something we use a screwdriver to twist  that screw and put it down into some wood uh so  

you can have a minus or a like a plus like that um  and when you screw something down you're closing  

it or screwing something up you're actually  removing it uh typically we talk about like  

screw or to un screw something but the this term  here this is a phrasal verb meaning to make a big  

mistake or to cause a problem to screw something  up so when we talk about screwing it's kind of  

twisting something in a way and so I could take  something and and cause a lot of confusion where  

in lots of situations maybe I'm supposed to have  a meeting and I call the wrong people and so a  

bunch of people come to this meeting but they're  the wrong people so I screwed up the meeting  

or I screwed up the plans or I could screw up  anything like a physical thing I'm supposed to  

put this machine over here and I connect some  parts the wrong way yes so uh Satish it just  

means to to make a mistake but usually a pretty  big mistake all right so you messed you messed  

something up all right you screwed up oh no I  screwed up so if I screw up this lesson it means I  

I I wasted your time and didn't teach you anything  that would be that would be me screwing up my job  

it would be like causing a lot of problem uh for  people or um you know like just making some kind  

of big mistake uh Lou says again car carrier  how do you spell yes you spelled that correctly  

so again it's just carry so c a r r y to carry  something but is a car carrier so a car carrier  

c a r r and then the Y becomes i e r car carrier  a car carrier so you could really carry anything  

you could have a wood carrier or a I don't know  another machine carrier or a some kind of other  

carrier but a car carrier uh specifically is this  vehicle and usually it's carrying a bunch of cars  

maybe like so this one you can actually load many  cars onto this I only brought one car but we could  

do a marker carrier as well so I put my markers  on here here's one marker okay we Clos the bottom  

I put another marker on top and now we have a  marker carrier same kind of idea a marker carrier  

all right so in the same way we have a physical  thing here like my marker carrier I could also  

have like an idea carrier so the the people maybe  I'm teaching you and you understand something now  

you are an idea carrier a money carrier yes to  carry anything uh just moving it from one place  

to another so anytime I carry something like I am  a bag carrier but often we use this um it's it's  

the same idea usually you will see this ER for  someone or something doing an object or excuse me  

doing some kind of job so again like a teacher is  the same way so I could teach something I become  

a teacher a teacher all right pretty simple same  idea so a car carrier is also carrying things uh  

let's see so I think pal yes I was answering that  before so on the mirror or in the mirror or into  

the mirror uh so I don't have a mirror with me  but you can let's just draw a mirror over here  

so if let's say there's something on the mirror  itself I'm probably talking about the physical  

surface like I don't know there's some kind of  stain or something uh but when I look into the  

mirror I can I can say look in or look into it's  the same idea just like a window so I could look  

in the window or look like out of but uh I'll save  the window example for a moment but uh for right  

now when you're looking in a mirror you can look  look look in or you can look into both of those  

are fine so we're we're we're talking about the  motion or where our eyes are going so I'm looking  

in I can also talk about looking at a mirror both  of those are fine all right so we got uh on or in  

or into or even at for all of these things and we  typically I'm going to draw it in kind of a a 3D  

way so you can you can think about how a mirror  works this this might not be the best picture  

uh but let's imagine a mirror like this and we're  going to kind of draw it out and draw it back that

way so when I'm when I'm kind of looking I'm  looking it's almost you could even also talk  

about like through in a in a figurative way  but if I'm looking I'm looking at the mirror  

I could also be looking through it because  the the image of me or the other things in  

this room it's it's the it's the other side of the  mirror it looks like it's almost like a tube and  

it gives us a 3D space so that's how we can look  at something it's it's it's a a regular flat so  

2D like a twodimensional object it's just got the  height uh and the width over here so that's 2D so  

1D 1D we get 2D but 3D we're actually going kind  of deep or back into the mirror at the same same  

time so here if I'm looking into the mirror it's  like I'm kind of looking through the mirror uh but  

actually kind of going across or like that but  it's it's taking up this whole Space so that's  

why natives could talk about looking in the mirror  or looking into the mirror or looking even at or  

looking kind of on or even upon you'll hear this  like looking upon the mirror this is kind of an  

older English expression people don't really say  u p o n to look upon a mirror but if you if you  

listen to maybe an old Disney like Sleeping Beauty  like oh let me look upon to look upon something it  

just means looking on or looking at something all  right so uh anyway so this is a 3D we've got the  

again the width the height and then the depth the  depth as well so how deep does it go so how deep  

does the mirror go when you look into the mirror  when you look into the mirror so good questions  

but this is why there's like a slight difference  in Nuance are you talking about the surface of  

something or you're talking about the reflection  and it it actually seems like there is more space  

there uh so you could be looking at a mirror or in  a mirror uh and the same thing and let's see all  

right as it says guys let's show appreciation for  the gr lessons by liking the video which is the  

least we can do you know I like this is a it's  a a common expression in English first of all  

thank you very much for saying so but when people  say it's the least I could do actually the least  

you could do is just nothing it's like I I mean I  guess technically doing something is like like oh  

I like yeah it's like it's the least I could do  like yeah I don't really need to do anything but  

I make that joke sometimes so let's say my my dad  he's he's like talking with me about something uh  

and I I say like do you need any help or something  and he's like no it's okay is it I I see it's okay  

I'm I'm not not going to help you anyway that  that's the least I could do so the least I could  

do is actually to do nothing that would that would  be really the least you could do but yes if you  

enjoy the video do click on the like button  it is easy to do that uh let's see where did

I all right uh learn English with Mattis is  high school and middle school yeah AB is in  

the moon so in the Moon Under on under  carrier so if you're talking about the

moon this is another 3D object it's uh you  know you can imagine like we're going to  

kind of draw the the the moon like this  imagine a ball out in space uh so you  

could be like here let me use my I don't know  what happened to my somebody somebody took my  

little uh that's weird I I had some magnets  over here anyway you can imagine a person and  

remember what I mentioned before about on  so this person if we imagine this cap this  

marker cap over here it could be on the moon  at any location on the surface of the Moon the

surface so just like your your face we have  the surface the surface of the Moon here so  

I could be on the moon on on on on on on  anywhere on the outside on the surface of  

the Moon but if I'm in here somewhere within  the moon then I am inside the moon or in the  

moon uh let's see and so car upon the car here  can I use that too yeah you could say the car  

is upon the car here but it's it's sounds kind  of like Old English so like yes like the the  

marker the marker is a on the the car carrier  if I use some kind of older English talking  

about that uh but we would typically just  say on all right so maybe an older movie or  

a story would use the word upon but it's  like up on something that's where we get  

that idea uh but like to talk about being upon  something people don't really use that so much  

uh other than kind of old stories so people  will say once upon a time so a long time ago  

once like this one thing happened once upon on  a time at the beginning of stories like that

and all right so s says screwed up equals  ruin something yes that is correct let's see  

if I missed anybody Jefferson says good evening  teacher I'm home from work now I'm going to watch  

your live welcome Joseph says what should I do  after the aha moment I mean how should I practice  

writing the sentences or something else well it's  it's up to you the the doubt is really what tells  

you what you should do next so let's say I learn a  word and I feel very confident about using it but  

maybe I'm still uncertain about the pronunciation  or some other use or something like that if I'm  

uncertain at all then that uncertainty tells me  what to do next so if you feel very confident  

about it then move on to something else that  you that you have doubt about all right it's up  

to you so don't don't worry about like having  to do a specific thing it's just what are you  

un certain about or maybe what would be the next  thing that you are thinking about next so imigra  

I love this class glad to hear it click that like  button pm on the B uh beat says I'm looking on  

the mirror or in the mirror or into the mirror  I want to know sir are they all correct yes so  

you could say like looking on the mirror but  typically natives will say I'm looking in the  

mirror or I'm looking into the mirror all right  so looking looking into the mirror is more like  

I'm looking at at myself in the mirror but if  I'm just looking at the mirror I'm I'm kind of  

staring at the surface of the mirror rather than  the reflection so there's a slight difference  

there in the meaning but natives are generally  talking about what you're looking at you're not  

really looking at the mirror you're looking at the  picture in the mirror and the mirror and again it  

kind of looks like a like a 3D thing when you look  inside it so that's why we talk about looking in  

a mirror rather than looking at a mirror but but  both of those are correct uh the meaning is just a  

little bit different so splend man says in front  yes you could talk about in front of something  

as well so I'm looking at the mirror so remember  if I if I look at a mirror maybe maybe I I could  

even be looking at the mirror from from the side  and it's not you know I'm I'm not I'm not like  

I'm not looking at myself I'm just looking at the  mirror and maybe o this is a very pretty mirror  

I like the design of this mirror so I'm looking  at the mirror but if I'm if the focus is myself  

I'm looking at my picture or something like my  image or something else reflected in the mirror  

then that's that's what I'm talking about so I'm  looking in the mirror trying to see something like  

that and Al says I I tell chat gbt to repeat the  vocabulary uh that we started in new sentences so  

there this method uh the word stick in my memory  yes so that's called getting naturally varied  

review so you can so chat GPT like I have to teach  jat chat GPT what natur naturally varied review is  

uh but if you just say give me lots of different  examples and change the contexts uh then it chat  

GPT will understand what to do sio says hi bro  I'm part of your class and first day I want to  

ask you how many classes in a week and what time  of days uh if you're if you're just talking about  

here on YouTube maybe we do one or two of these  a week uh sometimes more or less uh but the if  

you're looking for actual classes and you want to  just get a step-by-step uh system that will get  

you fluent automatically guaranteed just click on  the link in the description below this video uh to  

learn more about Frederick and fluent for Life uh  Jefferson says teacher these strategies to learn  

are are very good keep doing it thank you very  much yes well I've been doing this for over 20  

years uh so I'm I'm pretty good at it now I think  but it's actually pretty easy to do and this is  

what most parents are doing when they teach their  own kids the point is can I help you understand  

English in English and then can we focus on  things and until you really feel confident  

about saying them all right I don't want to just  teach you English I really want you to think oh I  

actually understand this and I can feel confident  saying it all right uh hiker says this class is  

amazing let's carry the absorbing knowledge uh  real chck says so through means when you see  

something from a certain angle well it's more like  it's it's hard to it's hard to see with a mirror  

but imagine like I can kind of look through this  marker as well if this marker is just just a like  

or I could look through like my hands in that  same way like you could you could look through  

my hands so I'm looking through something and a  mirror is like that because it's reflecting kind  

of the the one side and the other side so it's  it's it's a flat thing but it looks like it has  

depth so that's why we're talking about looking  through a mirror all right so it's it's kind of a  

figurative understanding it's a flat surface and  you don't actually go inside it but that's the  

interesting thing about a mirror actually if you  want to see some interesting things with mirrors  

if you have not seen this already uh there are  videos on YouTube about animals seeing mirrors and  

they think oh that's like it's not me it's like a  it's a different like another animal another bear  

or something like that so there's some interesting  videos of animals seeing themselves in mirrors and  

how they think about that so most animals are not  able to recognize themselves but if you have like  

like a like a lot of the great apes I think  so like a gorilla or an orang ofan could like  

if you they could they know it's like wait a  minute that's me I'm looking at you know so  

they recognize it's a mirror uh all right let's  see poman thanks so much Drew I'm very satisfied  

glad to hear it yes tell some other people hey  come watch this video so they can get satisfied uh  

as well and again learn English with M says I love  there's an English lesson occurring in a chat room  

for something unrelated I genuinely love this have  a great night glad to hear it look up on a star so  

in that case we're using kind of an older uh like  an older expression of like look upon look upon  

a star so this is where we we get this like When  You Wish Upon a Star to look upon a star that same  

thing like to look on that thing we don't really  say look on but it's it's like kind of an older  

way of expressing this and people don't really  look we don't really use a pawn in that way in  

general conversations unless you're trying to be  very dramatic or I'm talking to my wife I say oh  

I'm looking upon your beautiful face or something  like that rather than just say I'm looking at you  

so it's it's it's kind of a a slightly older but  more elegant way of saying it but people don't  

use it very much uh you say begin from seven or  begin at 7 you can say both of those uh like it  

starts from seven or starts at 7 and you will hear  both of those expressions uh or you can even just  

say like from from s or at seven Splinter Man says  look at or on your car carrier so I could look on  

I could look on that thing but typically I'm I'm  like looking looking directly at that thing and  

looking at just means where's the direction where  my eyes looking if I'm looking at you or looking  

at the car car carrier or looking at something  else uh and I have a new one about yes about it  

just means like this is the topic or the subject  like so today we are talking about this marker  

so we're not like talking on the marker I'm I'm  like the conversation is just what can you explain  

about this thing and about it just means general  like not a specific thing uh but in the case of  

like a lesson about a marker or talking about  that like today's lesson is about prepositions so  

we're talking generally about something but we can  also mean about like it's around me in a general

area so if I am standing uh here there's  me and my hands and my legs over here uh  

this this area generally around me you  can also call this kind of like it's  

about like there's some trouble about  so it means there's something around  

or something happening in this general  area close to me there's some trouble

about trouble about so something happening around  in a particular area uh is a difference between  

up and a pawn so up like if you're if you're  talking about the direction it's not like a  

a difference between a word or another word it's  just more what contexts do you use things in and  

so I gave the example example before about under  and below so sometimes you can use both of those  

and sometimes one is appropriate uh while another  is not and so if you're talking about like like  

just going up like I'm going up in a particular  direction maybe the car or a rocket or a balloon  

is going up or I can just talk about something  being up even if it's not moving like it's higher  

up uh let's say I have a friend of mine has a uh  there's a Shelf with some some different toys or  

something like that on it and he says oh where  is the where is the doll uh and I say it's on  

the Shelf he says oh here I say no no up up like  up higher up higher so here it just mean like the  

doll is maybe uh sitting over here but I can  just say oh it's it's up like from where you  

are or where you're looking it's up here so  at a higher higher level so something could  

be moving up or just at a higher level level  but upon just means something is on something  

else so it's on something so on and up on are are  slightly different things all right uh make sure  

we get through all these rocket is buried in the  moon or on well to be buried uh would mean inside  

something else so you would be buried in the  ground or buried in the moon or if I punch you  

and my fist is like buried in your face like  it's really like oh it's like stuck in there  

I've got like oh my finger is like buried in my  nose like that or in my ear something so you you  

don't like bury something on top bury means it's  it's inside something else all right uh yes let's  

see said it says okay I got that one all right s  it sir could you please go over the word related  

to the window example ah okay yes uh correct I  forgot to go back to the window example let me  

see EX exactly what you're asking for uh so do  we look out the window look through the window  

the bird flew out the window flew through the  window Etc yeah uh I actually made another video  

specifically talking about Windows uh but this is  it's an interesting example where when you think  

about it like a native it's it's looking at all  these these slight differences in the situation so  

let's say uh this is this is me I'll draw uh this  here and and so this is me I'm inside my house  

and this is outside the house over here so I'll  put a sun over here and a tree some other things  

outside so this is inside right now we are inside  and this is outside so if I'm looking at the

window when I'm looking at the window the  the window itself is is the subject of my  

my viewing so oh I'm looking at the marker I'm  looking at the window I'm not like looking at  

at anything else you know beyond the window I'm  just looking at the window itself it's like oh  

like this window has a has a really nice wood  or a nice design so I'm looking at the window  

itself now uh if I'm looking through the window  it's like oh I'm looking through the window at  

the tree so I'm always looking at something but  maybe my vision is going through something else  

so I I gave you the example before of like looking  through my finger so right now if you're looking  

through you can see me you're looking through  my my hands right here you see me you're looking  

through that so you can see my eye so you're  looking at my eye but you're looking through my  

hands all right so the same thing with the window  so just imagine instead of my hands like this it's  

a bigger space and you're looking through that  to see something else so you're looking through  

the window to see the sun all right so it's  a similar idea to looking through a mirror or  

looking into a mirror but like so it's still a 3D  three-dimensional space so I'm inside and there's  

a wall here with a hole in it the window and then  there's something outside that I'm looking at so  

we're we have this whole area and that's how I'm  looking through a window all right now I could  

also be like from the from my perspective excuse  me if I'm inside the house here I would say I'm  

looking out all right even even if I'm not talking  talking about looking at a particular thing I'm  

still looking out at something so I'm looking out  the window or I'm looking through the window all  

right so I'm looking through the window either  way I could be standing out here or I could be  

standing in here and I'm still looking through the  window but uh from my perspective I'm inside the  

house so I'm looking out the window but over here  I'm outside the house so if I'm looking in the  

window from the outside okay so that the it's the  the idea is not just about the window itself it's  

your relationship with the window are you looking  at the window itself are you looking through it at  

something else or you just looking through the  window in general so right now I'm I'm looking  

through a like a telescope so I'm not looking  at anything I'm I'm maybe just looking through  

it but I could be looking through and looking at  something so I'm looking through the telescope  

and I see another boat out there so I'm looking  through the telescope and I'm looking at a boat so  

here with the window example I'm looking out the  window if I'm inside and if I'm outside I could  

be looking in so if I'm like a burglar and I'm  coming to to check inside your house like oh I'm  

looking oh like the burglar is outside we'll just  kind of draw a like a bad looking guy over here  

looking he's looking he's looking in look at that  he's got his hands up here on on your window he's  

looking in the window he's also looking through  the window but he's not looking out the window  

because he's already outside okay so all of these  things are correct the point is are you saying the  

right thing for your Nuance or for your situation  all right uh let's get through these last couple  

cuz we could go on and on with all this let's  see so anything Think answer that one about spend  

man says thanks for your effort Palm oh 20 years  that's a long time it is a long time uh but I've  

gotten very good at it and I've gotten better over  the years at explaining what I do so I'm actually  

uh working on a new guide that helps people really  understand the whole process of how fluency Works  

uh so I think it's probably the best guide I've  ever written about this but it's taken me a really  

long time because I'm you know I have to make sure  people can understand it and it's it's not too  

confusing because I I can talk for a long time if  I to uh J says thank you so much for these lessons  

Drew it's my pleasure do click the like button  and if you'd like to learn more if these are  

helpful for you will enjoy fluent for life even  more because it's not just me explaining things  

you also get to hear lots of examples of natives  talking about the same vocabulary uh so I want to  

learn Norwegian because I want to do an academic  exchange how would you start learning from scratch  

well I would watch uh examples of Norwegian kids  shows and get books in Norwegian for kids so if  

you want to understand Norwegian in Norwegian  and that's what I recommend uh roundabout that's  

another another good example from E mcra uh  roundabout like you have a physical roundabout  

uh or it also means like to do something kind of  going around something else I know we could cover  

every single preposition here but uh we would  be here all day and I'm trying to keep these  

lessons actually quite short but now this is just  getting it's a really long uh lesson but hopefully  

you find this value uh Zing says Hi teacher I'm  coming well come on over so around and around  

what's the difference so around and Surround  uh around that's another good question here so

around is that same idea before like I could have  a general area around myself so just like a circle  

it's it's kind of like this something around like  something I'm looking for uh something it's it's  

around here somewhere I don't know where exactly  but in this general area it's around here uh but  

to surround something usually means that there's  something coming from many different sides and  

they are covering the whole thing so my hand is  surrounding the marker it's it's kind of covering  

up the whole thing and this one if I I do it in  three dimensions I could cover the top and the  

bottom of the marker as well so to surround  something or if we have some bad guys some  

criminals in here some bank robbers and the police  are around them like this we say oh the police say  

we have you surrounded so we are all around you so  anytime something is surrounding you it just means  

it's it could be many different things that are  all all covering or protecting or something like  

that like a shirt so this shirt is surrounding  my chest all right so could be it could be one  

thing or it could be many different things that  are working together to cover something like

that uh and R says I'm about to lose my mind  well there you go be careful over there all  

right curious question uh in Japan you are you  talk with other people always in Japanese or  

sometimes in English uh typically with Japanese  people it's only Japanese uh but sometimes I will  

if somebody speaks some English to me I will speak  English with them it say drew when you try to sing  

it's it cracks me up yes you would say cracks me  up that's the the uh to crack crack up to crack up  

we wouldn't say crack down but I get what you're  saying but the expression is to crack me up yes  

people don't typically come here for my singing  I'm I'm not the best singer but years ago I was in  

a choir so singing with some other kids uh yeah it  was a long time ago though but that that was when  

I had a like a like a higher a high higher voice  but now I don't have much range with my voice so  

I can't go very high or very low all right thanks  a lot and cool says CNC BMX and your artwork is on  

point yes I try I mean it basically I want to make  it uh clear but hopefully you understand what I'm  

talking about without me drawing a lot of details  that's why in Frederick uh we really want to make  

sure it's easy for people to understand so we just  use uh very simple like stick figures and things  

like that so try to make it very simple and easy  for people to understand but yes I know it's not  

it's not beautiful art uh and Jin or Jin Z says  uh great course very helpful and Vivid glad to  

hear English at night this is not related to the  lesson but how did you feel when you first went to  

Japan convenience store in Japan uh I don't know I  didn't feel anything it's it's like the same as a  

convenience store in the United States I mean even  7-Eleven is from the United States and uh and in  

Japan so crack up yes so you would say like oh you  are making me laugh like you are cracking me up so  

you can think about a person uh and part of this  like it it might not be the actual story of where  

the vocabulary comes from but I like to tell these  stories just to help you understand the vocabulary  

better so if you imagine a person uh as usual as  my my drawing is not going to be very good but  

it will be quick I'll give it I'll give you the  drawing quick so imagine a person sitting here  

like this and they're listening to me talk but  then I say something funny and suddenly they're  

like ah like they start moving it it's almost like  they like I put cracks into them so they they were  

kind of you know just making a regular face but  now like they they start moving around in a funny  

way I've cracked them up so you can think about  that that person they were kind of one way about  

uh like maybe like let's say even someone has a  serious face and they're not moving they're just  

but then I make them laugh and I cracked them up  so a person would say like oh you you are or you  

cracked me up so you are cracking cracking me up  so it's like I'm causing cracks in that person  

so they used to be like just standing there or  something they're not laughing they're controlling  

themselves but now I made them laugh and ah like  uh I cracked them up to to crack someone up uh  

so crack and typically again like a cracking up  like breaking up it's the same thing where you  

take something and put it into different pieces  uh be on point what does it mean well hopefully  

you should first see if you can guess from the  uh from the example it's probably not so clear in  

that example cuz maybe someone could be saying my  my writing is or my drawing is good or they could  

be saying my drawing is bad uh but to be on point  typically means you're doing something very well  

to be on point but uh in this case you can use it  in a sarcastic way where you're actually saying  

it's not very good and you're jokingly saying  that it's very good so it's different things  

but typically on point means to do do something  well you're on point with something or like you're  

like doing it exactly as you should be doing it  Finn part says what's the difference between as  

a matter of fact and by the way uh well those are  those are two different things uh I'll cover them  

anyway just because these are common Expressions  but they're not really related to prepositions  

specifically but by the way is when you're trying  to uh transition a conversation so I'm talking  

about this thing I'm talking with my friend hey  yesterday I went to the chocolate store it was  

really good oh by the way now I'm I'm switching  the conversation to talk about something else by  

the way my sister is getting married so I just  remembered you know maybe there's no connection  

to these things at all um like it's it's just  I'm changing the topic of the conversation so  

by the way all right so you can think about it  it's like uh like a by way is is a different

direction a by way so I'm moving I was moving  here but now I'm going to take a different  

direction so it's like we're going to take a by  way over here a different place so by the way  

here's some other thing unrelated to what we're  talking about maybe it's related maybe it's not  

but I'm changing the the subject in some way by  the way all right so uh the chocolate uh Factory  

was delicious by the way so I'm I'm thinking I  just remembered by the way my sister is getting

married I know some people tell me  not to hold in the sneezes but yeah  

whatever I don't want to I don't want  to get my microphone all messed up all  

right so the other expression  was uh as a matter of fact I

believe of fact fct so as a matter of fact uh so  these these two uh phrases here are not related  

they don't mean the same thing uh so as a matter  of fact is typically what we say when we add more  

information or we're going to give more detail  or we're going to share some kind of fact F A  

as a matter of fact um or I could just say uh  in fact uh so as an example I might I might say  

something like uh yesterday I was uh in school  and the temperature was really hot and then I  

could say actually as a matter of fact or another  person could even add something onto that like as  

a matter of fact it was really hot the uh I don't  know the air conditioning was broken okay so I'm  

going to share some additional information that  maybe is true or you know should be true or it's  

some kind of factual information about something  uh that adds something else so I wouldn't use by  

the way like to connect these things it's two  different things all right so by the way click  

the like button by the way you know think thinking  about something related to that uh all right thank  

you again uh or thank you for explaining again  says always my pleasure ET say says uh I was  

there before and the feeling was overwhelming  I wasn't used to buying cold food and using  

the microwave to heat it up bless you a little  because you weren't a sneeze aha fall into the  

cracks I thought that expression yeah uh so that's  another thing I taught in maybe a month ago I  

talked about like falling through the cracks uh  that it doesn't have anything to do with with  

these though and Jin or Jin says I am wondering  how to call a female stranger politely before a  

conversation lady Madam is there a word uh fit  for all like um usually we would just like for  

a younger woman to say miss miss miss and maybe  like ma'am for a for an for an older woman so  

maybe like under 25 years old you can just say  Miss and over I don't know with women you can  

get like maybe for if it it actually it would  depend on who I'm talking to because sometimes  

I I can use Miss for like a 40-year-old woman or  even older than that if I'm if I don't know like  

I I don't want to make them angry by saying ma'am  like maybe they think that's like I'm not old or  

whatever women get angry about that whatever uh  but in general it' be like Miss and like like  

ma'am like ma'am we don't usually say Madam that's  that's it's kind of a it's like an older English  

expression but typically Miss for younger women  uh and ma'am uh for older women uh Mo says hi and  

Zoe Clark again with a bunch of Hearts thank you  very much all right well this is supposed to be  

fluent in 15 minutes but we've gone 84 minutes  uh for this video but hope y you have enjoyed  

it just like a regular conversation you never  know where things will go maybe you're can you  

be talking about something else and then by the  way uh the conversation goes into many different  

uh unexpected ways or locations or whatever uh  but hopefully you have enjoyed this again the  

point of this video is really to demonstrate the  power of focus I don't want to teach you a bunch  

of random vocabulary even though we do have a few  questions about that um but it's is really to help  

you understand uh when we do focus on something  that's when you really develop fluency because  

the focus allows you to answer the questions  you have or eliminate the doubts that stop you  

from speaking so I recommend you go back and watch  this video again you will definitely notice more  

things and again as I mentioned at the beginning  of this video when you are focused on a particular  

thing like in this video you just think today I'm  going to listen for prepositions like on or into  

at and there will be many times I use things  where I'm not specifically teaching it but you  

will hear the examples and if you really listen  for those things you will you will recognize  

them and you will feel much more confident uh that  you understand them better uh Zara says H Drew is  

actually same with literally uh no I mean actually  actually is just like like this is actually a a uh  

a marker or an eraser excuse me it's actually  an eraser uh but literally is T typically when  

we're talking about literally versus figuratively  like he was literally 20t tall so in that case I'm  

using literally incorrectly which means but people  use it in a kind of joking way like that so he was  

actually 20t tall if if a person is actually 20t  tall like that's the height they really are uh but  

if I just say it's really a guy that just looks  pretty tall so I'm not actually saying that he's  

or saying that he's literally uh or actually  in that case like you could use it in that way  

but uh you will hear it used in correctly often I  think I made a video before about uh those kinds  

of mistakes that people make uh let's see it says  thanks thank you very much George nice to see you  

there again thanks Drew very good class good class  let me know if you would like uh other things that  

you're specifically struggling with so if you  like this kind of format where we go a little  

bit faster but we stay focused on a particular  topic I don't always have to bring some toys  

with me but I notice you know it's easier for  people to understand things when I can show you  

that thing working but I'm just trying to make  sure it's easy for people to understand so you  

eliminate the doubts that stop you from speaking  hopefully you've enjoyed it if you have click the  

like button and uh do let just put a comment  down if you have any questions about things  

I do go back and read those uh I might not answer  every question we do get a lot of questions uh but  

I do my best to go back and take a look at every  buy uh and then I will see you I guess next week  

uh if you join us in the next video all right  igra says thank you so much teacher I enjoyed  

this class very much thank you for accepting  the call on teaching us up here on the platform  

around the world yeah it's my pleasure I enjoy  teaching but I enjoy even more seeing people get  

those aha moments where they understand things  have a fantastic day if you'd like to get more  

and have have me actually guide you to fluency  along with all the other natives INF fluent for  

life you can click on the link in the description  below this video I'll see you next time bye-bye