Subject Verb Agreement | English Lesson | Common Grammar Mistakes

1,733,434 views ・ 2017-10-17

mmmEnglish


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:08
Hello, I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” mmmEnglish의 μ— λ§ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€! μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ΄ 저지λ₯΄λŠ”
00:12
One of the most common grammar mistakes
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κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 문법 μ‹€μˆ˜ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
00:15
that English learners make
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00:17
is to do with the subject verb agreement.
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μ£Όμ–΄ 동사 μΌμΉ˜μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨λœ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
What's that?
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μ €κ²Œ 뭐야?
00:23
It's as simple as it sounds!
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λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ κ°„λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:25
The subject and the verb in English sentences
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μ˜μ–΄ λ¬Έμž₯의 주어와 동사가
00:29
must agree.
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μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
They must match.
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μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
We go to the beach on Saturdays.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν† μš”μΌμ— 해변에 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
If the subject is plural,
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μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 볡수인 경우
00:39
you need to use a plural verb form.
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λ³΅μˆ˜λ™μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
He goes to the beach on Saturdays.
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κ·ΈλŠ” ν† μš”μΌμ— 해변에 κ°„λ‹€.
00:47
He goes.
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ°„λ‹€.
00:49
The subject is singular,
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μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ λ‹¨μˆ˜μ΄λ―€λ‘œ
00:51
so you need to use a singular verb form.
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
And this is true, most of the time!
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그리고 이것은 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 경우 μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:58
Now, you might be thinking that you
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이제 μ£Όμ–΄
01:01
understand subject verb agreement.
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동사 일치λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  생각할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
It's simple, it's easy, right?
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•΄μš”, 쉽죠?
01:05
But it's the first thing that many English learners forget!
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§Žμ€ μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ΄ κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € μžŠλŠ” 것이 λ°”λ‘œ μ΄κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
01:10
But don't worry, there are some simple
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ±±μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. 도움이 λ˜λŠ” λͺ‡ 가지 κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ
01:12
standard rules that you can use to help you.
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ν‘œμ€€ κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
But some aspects of singular and plural noun usage
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ‹¨μˆ˜ 및 볡수 λͺ…사 μ‚¬μš©μ˜ 일뢀 츑면은
01:21
make this a little more complex.
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이λ₯Ό μ’€ 더 λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
So that's why I'm going to teach you some tips
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
01:27
to master subject verb agreement in English.
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ μ£Όμ–΄ 동사 일치λ₯Ό λ§ˆμŠ€ν„°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λͺ‡ 가지 νŒμ„ μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦¬λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
Before we start,
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μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° 전에 μ£Όμ–΄
01:32
I want to highlight that there are two main areas
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01:35
where subject verb agreement can cause you problems.
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동사 μΌμΉ˜κ°€ 문제λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” 두 가지 μ£Όμš” μ˜μ—­μ΄ μžˆμŒμ„ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
The first is in your writing.
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첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ κΈ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
And it's important to know
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그리고 μ˜μ–΄ μž‘λ¬Έμ΄ λ¬Έλ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ μ •ν™•ν•˜λ„λ‘
01:44
the subject verb agreement rules
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주제 동사 일치 κ·œμΉ™
01:46
and how to use them correctly
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κ³Ό 이λ₯Ό μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ•„λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:48
so that your English writing is grammatically correct.
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.
01:52
The other is your speaking skills.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” λ§ν•˜κΈ° λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
Now, perhaps you feel confident that you know
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이제
01:58
how to match verbs to their subject
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동사λ₯Ό μ£Όμ œμ— μΌμΉ˜μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 방법을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν™•μ‹ ν•  수
02:01
but the challenge is making that clear
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 말할 λ•Œ 이λ₯Ό λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:04
when you're speaking.
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.
02:06
And sometimes,
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02:06
you might not even know this is a problem for you.
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λ•Œλ‘œλŠ”
이것이 μžμ‹ μ—κ²Œ λ¬Έμ œλΌλŠ” 사싀쑰차 λͺ¨λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
The final consonant sounds are so important
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 자음 μ†Œλ¦¬λŠ”
02:13
to communicating clearly.
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λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ μ˜μ‚¬ μ†Œν†΅ν•˜λŠ” 데 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
But for many English learners,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ”
02:16
it's not that easy to do.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜κΈ°κ°€ 쉽지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
Pronouncing the difference between do and does.
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do와 does의 차이점을 λ°œμŒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
Now if this sounds like you,
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이제 이것이 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦°λ‹€λ©΄,
02:27
then I want you to try and practise with me
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02:30
out loud during this lesson.
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이 레슨 λ™μ•ˆ 저와 ν•¨κ»˜ 큰 μ†Œλ¦¬λ‘œ μ—°μŠ΅ν•΄ λ³΄μ‹œκΈΈ λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
Make sure you're hitting those final consonant sounds.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 자음 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό 치고 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
02:37
Okay?
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μ’‹μ•„μš”? 의
02:38
Let's begin.
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μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μž.
02:40
In the present tense,
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ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œ
02:41
nouns and verbs agree
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λͺ…사와 λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
02:44
in opposite ways.
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λ°˜λŒ€ λ°©ν–₯으둜 μΌμΉ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
When your subject is plural,
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μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 볡수일 λ•Œ
02:48
you usually add S to show that it's plural, right?
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λ³΅μˆ˜μž„μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 보톡 Sλ₯Ό 뢙이죠?
02:53
Car becomes cars.
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μžλ™μ°¨λŠ” μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
Baby becomes babies.
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μ•„κΈ°λŠ” μ•„κΈ°κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:59
But when your subject is plural,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 볡수일 λ•ŒλŠ”
03:01
you do not add an S to your verb.
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동사에 Sλ₯Ό 뢙이지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
The cars look expensive.
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차듀이 λΉ„μ‹Έ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
Our noun, cars,
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우리의 λͺ…사인 μžλ™μ°¨λŠ”
03:10
is plural.
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λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
Cars.
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μžλ™μ°¨.
03:13
Now our verb agrees with our subject.
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이제 동사가 μ£Όμ œμ™€ μΌμΉ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
The cars look expensive.
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차듀이 λΉ„μ‹Έ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
Now compare this to:
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이제 이것을 λ‹€μŒκ³Ό λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
03:23
The car looks expensive.
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μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ λΉ„μ‹Έ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
When our noun is singular,
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λͺ…사가 λ‹¨μˆ˜μΌ λ•Œ
03:29
our verb needs to include an S.
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λ™μ‚¬λŠ” Sλ₯Ό 포함해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
In these examples,
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이 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ
03:34
the noun and the verb agree in opposite ways.
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λͺ…사와 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ°˜λŒ€ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μΌμΉ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
But I can already hear you saying
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ‚˜λŠ” 이미 당신이
03:41
"What about if your subject is I or you?
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"λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ I λ˜λŠ” youλ©΄ μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:46
They're singular subjects
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그듀은 λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄
03:48
but they don't use the singular verb form."
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "라고 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 이미 듀을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
Yes,
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03:51
but they're an exception to the rule.
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예,
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그듀은 κ·œμΉ™μ˜ μ˜ˆμ™Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
Subject verb agreement rules are different
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03:59
when your subject is in the third-person singular.
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μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 3인칭 λ‹¨μˆ˜μΌ λ•ŒλŠ” μ£Όμ–΄ 동사 일치 κ·œμΉ™μ΄ λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
So that's when your subject is a he,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것은 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μ£Όμ œκ°€ κ·Έ,
04:05
a she or an it.
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κ·Έλ…€ λ˜λŠ” 그것일 λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
The subjects I and you are different.
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λ‚˜μ™€ 당신은 λŒ€μƒμ΄ λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:12
Even though they're also singular nouns,
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…사이기도 ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
04:14
they take the plural form of the verb
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λ™μ‚¬μ˜ λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ„ μ·¨ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
04:17
and you just need to remember that.
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이 점만 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
I like to go swimming.
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λ‚˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ˜ν•˜λŸ¬ κ°€λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
She likes to go swimming.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μˆ˜μ˜ν•˜λŸ¬ κ°€λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
Both of these subjects are singular
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이 두 μ£Όμ–΄λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹¨μˆ˜
04:28
but the verb forms are different.
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ 동사 ν˜•νƒœλŠ” λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
Now,
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이제
04:32
if there is an auxiliary verb,
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쑰동사,
04:35
a helping verb,
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보쑰 동사가
04:36
in your sentence
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04:38
like do or does
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04:41
in the present simple
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ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•
04:42
or am, is, are, was, were in the continuous tenses
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λ˜λŠ” am, is, are, was, were 진행 μ‹œμ œμ— μžˆκ±°λ‚˜ have λ˜λŠ” have와 같은 λ¬Έμž₯에 do λ˜λŠ” does와 같은 보쑰 동사가 있으면
04:50
or have or has
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04:53
in the perfect tenses
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μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œκ°€
04:55
then,
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04:56
you need to think about your subject verb agreement
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ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 쑰동사가 λ™μ˜
05:00
because the auxiliary verb
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동사, 주어와
05:02
becomes the agreeing verb,
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μΌμΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 동사가 되기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ£Όμ–΄
05:04
the verb that agrees with the subject.
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동사 μΌμΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
The dogs don't want it.
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κ°œλŠ” 그것을 μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
The dog doesn't want it.
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κ°œλŠ” 그것을 μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:15
We're going to the beach.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 해변에 κ°ˆκ±°μ•Ό.
05:18
He is going to the beach.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 해변에 갈 것이닀.
05:21
Anna and Tony have been driving for hours.
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Anna와 TonyλŠ” λͺ‡ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μš΄μ „μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
Anna has been driving for hours.
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AnnaλŠ” λͺ‡ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μš΄μ „μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:30
Now modal verbs
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이제
05:32
like may, could, will, must, should,
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may, could, will, must, should와 같은 쑰동사
05:38
they're also auxiliary verbs.
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도 μ‘°λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
They help the main verb in the sentence
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그듀은 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 본동사λ₯Ό 돕지
05:43
but the subject verb agreement rules are different
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만 쑰동사와 μ£Όμ–΄ 동사 일치 κ·œμΉ™μ΄ λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:47
with modal auxiliary verbs.
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.
05:50
The verb following a modal verb
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쑰동사 뒀에 μ˜€λŠ” λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
05:52
is never in the S form.
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μ ˆλŒ€λ‘œ S ν˜•νƒœκ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
It's always in the infinitive form.
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항상 뢀정사 ν˜•νƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
My friends might come.
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λ‚΄ μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ΄ 올 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:02
My friend might come.
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λ‚΄ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ 올 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:06
Not my friend might comes.
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λ‚΄ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ˜€μ§€ μ•Šμ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
You should come.
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μ˜€μ…”μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
He should come.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 와야 ν•œλ‹€.
06:15
Not he should comes.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ˜€μ§€ 말아야 ν•œλ‹€.
06:18
Now, English sentences are not always this simple,
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자, μ˜μ–΄ λ¬Έμž₯이 항상 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ‹¨μˆœν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ£ 
06:22
are they?
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?
06:24
As you add more information to your sentences,
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λ¬Έμž₯에 더 λ§Žμ€ 정보λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν• μˆ˜λ‘ λ¬Έμž₯이
06:27
they become more complex
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더 λ³΅μž‘ν•΄μ§€κ³ 
06:30
and it might be difficult to know whether your noun is
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λͺ…사가
06:33
singular or plural.
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λ‹¨μˆ˜μΈμ§€ λ³΅μˆ˜μΈμ§€ μ•ŒκΈ° μ–΄λ €μšΈ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
But just remember that the same structure
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ™μΌν•œ ꡬ쑰
06:38
and rules apply.
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와 κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μ μš©λœλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
06:40
But you need to pay close attention
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 동사와 μ£Όμ–΄ 사이에 μ˜€λŠ” 단어에 관계없이
06:43
to where your subject is
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06:45
and if it's singular or plural
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06:48
because your verb must always match the subject
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λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 항상 주어와 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 어디에 μžˆλŠ”μ§€, λ‹¨μˆ˜μΈμ§€ λ³΅μˆ˜μΈμ§€μ— μ„Έμ‹¬ν•œ 주의λ₯Ό κΈ°μšΈμ—¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:52
regardless of the words
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06:53
that come in between
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06:55
the verb and the subject.
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.
06:57
It must always match.
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항상 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
Do you know what an indefinite pronoun is?
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λΆ€μ • λŒ€λͺ…사가 무엇인지 μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:04
They're words like
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07:05
everybody, nobody
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λͺ¨λ‘, 아무도
07:07
anybody, someone.
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아무도, λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ™€ 같은 λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
Usually indefinite pronouns
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일반적으둜 λΆ€μ • λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ”
07:13
take singular verbs.
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
Everybody wants to be loved.
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λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ μ‚¬λž‘λ°›κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:19
Nobody likes to be left out.
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아무도 λΉ μ§€λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:23
Now the subject of English sentences
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이제 μ˜μ–΄ λ¬Έμž₯의 μ£Όμ–΄λŠ” 볡합 μ£Όμ–΄λ‘œ
07:25
can be a little more complicated
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쑰금 더 λ³΅μž‘ν•΄μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:27
with compound subjects.
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.
07:30
Group nouns and relative clauses.
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κ·Έλ£Ή λͺ…사와 κ΄€λ ¨ 절.
07:33
Look at this sentence.
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이 λ¬Έμž₯을 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
07:36
My mum is happy for me.
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우리 μ—„λ§ˆλŠ” λ‚˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν–‰λ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:39
My mum and dad are proud of me.
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우리 μ—„λ§ˆμ™€ μ•„λΉ λŠ” λ‚˜λ₯Ό μžλž‘μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:43
Two singular subjects
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07:45
joined by "and"
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"and"둜 κ²°ν•©λœ 두 개의 λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄λŠ”
07:47
means that your subject becomes plural
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μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ λ³΅μˆ˜κ°€ λ˜μ–΄
07:50
and now your verb needs to show this.
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이제 동사가 이λ₯Ό ν‘œμ‹œν•΄μ•Ό 함을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
It's the same as saying that
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07:55
they are proud of me.
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그듀이 λ‚˜λ₯Ό μžλž‘μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œν•œλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:58
So we can say that
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λ”°λΌμ„œ
07:59
two or more singular subjects
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08:02
joined with "and"
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"and"둜 κ²°ν•©λœ λ‘˜ μ΄μƒμ˜ λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄λŠ”
08:05
become a plural subject
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볡수 μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 되며
08:07
and they need a plural verb.
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볡수 동사가 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:09
Now look at this sentence.
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이제 이 λ¬Έμž₯을 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
08:12
Peter or Paul is coming.
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λ² λ“œλ‘œλ‚˜ λ°”μšΈμ΄ 였고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
Now in this sentence,
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이제 이 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ
08:17
the two singular subjects
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두 개의 λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄λŠ”
08:20
are treated as a singular subject
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08:22
because "or" gives us an option.
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"λ˜λŠ”"이 μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ„ νƒκΆŒμ„ μ£ΌκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ£Όμ–΄λ‘œ μ·¨κΈ‰λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
We're not saying both.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‘˜ λ‹€ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
It's one singular noun or the other.
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ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…μ‚¬μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:30
Not both of them together.
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λ‘˜ λ‹€ ν•¨κ»˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
We would say
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
08:33
Peter and Paul are coming.
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λ² λ“œλ‘œμ™€ λ°”μšΈμ΄ 였고 μžˆλ‹€κ³  말할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:36
or
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λ˜λŠ”
08:37
Peter or Paul is coming.
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Peter λ˜λŠ” Paul이 올 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
Playing football is fun.
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좕ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μž¬λ―Έμžˆλ‹€.
08:46
Now the same rule applies
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이제 λ™μΌν•œ κ·œμΉ™μ΄
08:48
for gerunds and gerund phrases.
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동λͺ…사 및 동λͺ…사ꡬ에 μ μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:51
When gerunds are the subject,
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동λͺ…사가 주어일 λ•Œ
08:53
they take the singular form of the verb.
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λ™μ‚¬μ˜ λ‹¨μˆ˜ν˜•μ„ μ·¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:57
Waiting for the bus is annoying.
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λ²„μŠ€λ₯Ό κΈ°λ‹€λ¦¬λŠ” 것은 μ§œμ¦λ‚˜λŠ” 일이닀.
09:01
But
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
09:02
when they're linked by "and"
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"and"둜 μ—°κ²°λ˜λ©΄
09:04
they also take the plural form.
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λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•λ„ μ·¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:07
Meeting friends after work
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퇴근 ν›„ μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚˜κ³ 
09:09
and going to the beach
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해변에 κ°€λŠ” 것이
09:11
are my favourite things about living here.
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이곳 μƒν™œμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
Okay, so what about group nouns?
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μ’‹μ•„, 그럼 κ·Έλ£Ή λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” μ–΄λ•Œ?
09:17
Single nouns that are actually
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ
09:20
groups of people or things.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λ‚˜ μ‚¬λ¬Όμ˜ 그룹인 단일 λͺ…사.
09:23
Club,
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클럽,
09:25
team,
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νŒ€,
09:26
company,
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νšŒμ‚¬,
09:27
family,
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κ°€μ‘±,
09:29
crowd,
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800
ꡰ쀑,
09:30
class.
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μˆ˜μ—…. κ°œλ³„ λ¬Έμž₯의 μ˜λ―Έμ— 따라
09:32
They can be either singular or plural,
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ λ˜λŠ” λ³΅μˆ˜κ°€ 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:35
depending on the meaning of an individual sentence.
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.
09:39
This is because they can describe
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μ΄λŠ”
09:41
the individuals in the group
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그룹의 κ°œμΈμ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•  수
09:44
and since there's more than one,
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있고 λ‘˜ 이상이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
09:46
it must be plural.
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λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ΄μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:48
But it's also possible to use these nouns
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·Έλ£Ή 전체λ₯Ό μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•  λ•Œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λͺ…사λ₯Ό
09:50
as a single group
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단일 그룹으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:52
when you're referring to the group as a whole.
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.
09:56
Then they're singular.
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그런 λ‹€μŒ 그듀은 λ‹¨μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
So they can be a little tricky!
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀은 쑰금 κΉŒλ‹€λ‘œμšΈ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
10:01
For example.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄.
10:02
The team is organising the event.
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νŒ€μ—μ„œ 행사λ₯Ό μ‘°μ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:06
So this is referring to just the single unit,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것은 단일 λ‹¨μœ„λ₯Ό κ°€λ¦¬ν‚€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:10
it's a singular noun.
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:11
So we need to use the singular verb.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:14
The team are meeting today.
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νŒ€μ΄ 였늘 νšŒμ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:18
So the members of the club are meeting together.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 클럽 νšŒμ›λ“€μ΄ ν•¨κ»˜ λͺ¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
Using the plural form of the verb.
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λ™μ‚¬μ˜ λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:26
The teams are meeting today.
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νŒ€λ“€μ΄ 였늘 회의λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:29
So when used plurally,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 볡수둜 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λ©΄
10:30
this means that there are
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10:33
many of the individual group nouns.
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κ°œλ³„ κ·Έλ£Ή λͺ…사가 많이 μžˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:35
There are more than one team
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ν•˜λ‚˜ μ΄μƒμ˜ νŒ€
10:38
or family or a club.
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μ΄λ‚˜ κ°€μ‘± λ˜λŠ” 클럽이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:41
And don't forget that some nouns
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그리고 일뢀 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ”
10:44
look like plural nouns
229
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볡수 λͺ…μ‚¬μ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
10:46
but they take a singular form.
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ν˜•μ„ μ·¨ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μžŠμ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
10:49
For example, news.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ‰΄μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:52
It seems plural because of the S
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S λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 볡수처럼 λ³΄μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
10:54
but we need to treat it as a singular noun.
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œ μ·¨κΈ‰ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
You need a singular verb.
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:00
The news is interesting.
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λ‰΄μŠ€κ°€ ν₯λ―Έλ‘­μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:03
Of course, any uncountable noun is treated this way too.
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사도 이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ·¨κΈ‰λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:07
So don't say the furnitures are comfortable.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 가ꡬ가 νŽΈμ•ˆν•˜λ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
11:12
Say the furniture is comfortable.
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가ꡬ가 νŽΈμ•ˆν•˜λ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
11:17
Okay let's keep going!
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μ’‹μ•„ κ³„μ†ν•˜μž!
11:19
We're getting a little more complex now.
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이제 μ’€ 더 λ³΅μž‘ν•΄μ§€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:22
Sometimes
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λ•Œλ‘œλŠ”
11:23
the subject is tricky to find in English sentences.
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μ˜μ–΄ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 주제λ₯Ό μ°ΎκΈ°κ°€ κΉŒλ‹€λ‘œμšΈ λ•Œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:27
It's not always before the noun.
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항상 λͺ…사 μ•žμ— μ˜€λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:30
Subjects and verbs change positions
244
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주어와 λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
11:33
in English questions
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μ˜μ–΄ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ—μ„œ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ λ°”λ€Œ
11:34
so you need to make sure you identify
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λ―€λ‘œ
11:37
which is the subject
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11:38
before you choose the verb form.
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동사 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ„ νƒν•˜κΈ° 전에 μ–΄λ–€ 것이 주어인지 확인해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:42
What are the steps we need to follow?
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 따라야 ν•  λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
11:45
In this sentence, "the steps" are the subject
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이 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ "the steps"λŠ” μ£Όμ–΄
11:49
and the verb is "are"
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이고 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "are"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:51
because it's plural.
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λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:53
There are many plants in your garden.
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μ •μ›μ—λŠ” λ§Žμ€ 식물이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:58
There is a plant in the bathroom.
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μš•μ‹€μ— 식물이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:02
Look at this sentence.
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이 λ¬Έμž₯을 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
12:04
The car, which belongs to my brother,
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동생 μ†Œμœ μ˜ μ°¨λŠ”
12:07
is not very clean.
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그닀지 κΉ¨λ—ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:10
Relative clauses can make it difficult
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κ΄€κ³„μ‚¬μ ˆμ€
12:12
to locate the subject and the verb.
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주어와 동사λ₯Ό μ°ΎκΈ° μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:15
Noun phrases also make this difficult,
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λͺ…μ‚¬κ΅¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ 단어
12:19
where a group of words act as a noun.
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그룹이 λͺ…사 역할을 ν•˜λŠ” 경우 이λ₯Ό μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:22
The new features of the car are impressive.
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μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κΈ°λŠ₯이 μΈμƒμ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:27
"The features" are the subject.
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"κΈ°λŠ₯"이 μ£Όμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:30
It's plural, so it needs a plural verb
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λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ΄λ―€λ‘œ λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜• 동사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:34
The more complex that your sentence becomes,
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. λ¬Έμž₯이 λ³΅μž‘ν• μˆ˜λ‘
12:36
the harder you need to look for the subject and the verb
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주어와 동사λ₯Ό μ°Ύκ³ 
12:40
and make sure that they agree.
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μΌμΉ˜ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ°κ°€ 더 μ–΄λ €μ›Œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€. 정말
12:43
That was exhausting, wasn't it?
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μ§€μ³€μ–΄μš”, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
12:46
You might need to go for a walk now
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12:48
to let all of that sink in or watch again.
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κ·Έ λͺ¨λ“  것을 가라 μ•‰νžˆκ±°λ‚˜ λ‹€μ‹œ μ‹œμ²­ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μ§€κΈˆ 산책을 λ‚˜κ°€μ•Ό ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:52
I'm sure that some of this lesson
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λ‚˜λŠ” 이 μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ 일뢀가
12:54
was good revision for you,
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ 쒋은 μˆ˜μ •μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  ν™•μ‹ 
12:56
but perhaps you learned a few new things
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 당신은
12:58
about subject verb agreement, too.
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μ£Όμ–΄ 동사 μΌμΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ λͺ‡ 가지 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것을 배웠을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:01
I hope so!
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν¬λ§ν•œλ‹€!
13:02
If you love this channel and you enjoy my lessons,
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이 채널이 λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“€κ³  제 μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“ λ‹€λ©΄
13:06
please subscribe just here
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ κ΅¬λ…ν•˜κ³ 
13:08
and let me know in the comments
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13:10
what type of lessons you'd like me to make in the future.
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œ μ–΄λ–€ μœ ν˜•μ˜ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ λ§Œλ“€κ³  싢은지 λŒ“κΈ€λ‘œ μ•Œλ €μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
13:14
And keep watching this playlist!
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그리고 이 ν”Œλ ˆμ΄λ¦¬μŠ€νŠΈλ₯Ό 계속 μ‹œμ²­ν•˜μ„Έμš”!
13:16
This playlist here
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이 μž¬μƒ λͺ©λ‘μ€
13:17
will help you to practise your pronunciation
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λ°œμŒμ„ μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κ³ 
13:20
and learn more about silent letters in English.
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ 묡음 κΈ€μžμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 더 많이 λ°°μš°λŠ” 데 도움이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:24
And in this lesson, you'll be able to try out
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그리고 이번 λ ˆμŠ¨μ—μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€
13:26
one of my English imitation lessons for free!
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제 μ˜μ–΄ λͺ¨λ°© 레슨 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 무료둜 듀을 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
13:31
So I'll see you next week for another mmmEnglish lesson!
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그럼 λ‹€μŒ 주에 λ‹€λ₯Έ mmmμ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ‚˜μš”!
13:35
Bye for now!
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ•ˆλ…•!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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