Tenses in English Grammar with Examples & How to Learn Them (AJ #16)

6,884 views ใƒป 2015-10-09

To Fluency


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hello. This is Jack from ToFluency.com and this is Ask Jack, the free series where I
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ToFluency.com ใฎใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใซ่žใใ€
00:06
answer your questions about learning English and the English language. So, today we have
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่‹ฑ่ชžใจ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹็„กๆ–™ใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ
00:12
a question about the tenses in English. So, here it is. Dashiev from Russia asks, "Why
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ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใฎใƒ€ใ‚ทใ‚จใƒ•ใฏใ€ใ€Œใชใœ
00:20
are there so many tenses in English? In Russian, there are only 3."
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹? ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ชž ใซใฏๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒ 3 ใคใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€‚
00:26
Thank you for your question, Dashiev. So, what Iโ€™m going to do is to go through the different
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ใ”่ณชๅ•ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
00:32
tenses in English and then talk about what you should do about this, you know, what you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ในใใ‹ใ€
00:38
should do to learn these tenses.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ๅญฆใถใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ในใใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™.
00:40
So, literally speaking, there are only 2 tenses, the past and the present. But, the idea of
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ€ๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏ้ŽๅŽปใจ็พๅœจใฎ 2 ใคใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎ่€ƒใˆๆ–น
00:48
a tense is extended. So, most people when they talk about tenses they extend the idea
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ใฏๆ‹กๅผตใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบ ใฏๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ๆ™‚ๅˆถใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆ‹กๅผตใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ
00:56
of what a tense is and donโ€™t worry too much about this.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
01:00
So, here are the list of tenses. So, we have the Past Simple, the Past Continuous, the
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ้ŽๅŽปๅ˜็ด”ใ€้ŽๅŽป็ถ™็ถšใ€
01:08
Past Perfect and the Past Perfect Continuous. We have the Present Simple, Present Continuous,
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้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†็ถ™็ถšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใ€็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ€
01:16
Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous. And then, we have the Future Simple, using
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆœชๆฅๅ˜็ด”ใ€
01:22
will here, Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect and Future Perfect Continuous.
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ใ“ใ“ใงๆ„ๅฟ—ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ๆœชๆฅๅ˜็ด”ใ€ๆœชๆฅ้€ฃ็ถšใ€ ๆœชๆฅๅฎŒๅ…จใ€ๆœชๆฅๅฎŒๅ…จ้€ฃ็ถšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:29
And, you can also add โ€˜Going Toโ€™ as well to this because this is used like were using
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ใพใŸใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ€ŒGoing Toใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
01:36
a verb tense.
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ใ€‚
01:37
That has given you an overview of the different tenses that we use in the English language.
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ใ“ใ‚Œ ใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎๆฆ‚่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:43
Now, to go back to your question where you asked โ€˜Why are there so many tenses in English?โ€™
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๆˆปใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ€Œใชใœ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏๅคšใใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
01:50
The simple answer is I donโ€™t really know, but I do know that the language evolved to
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ใจใ„ใ†็ฐกๅ˜ใช็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€่จ€่ชžใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้€ฒๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„
01:56
use these different tenses. My advice is to accept that there are more
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ใพใ™. ็งใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฏ
02:01
tenses in English than there are Russian. And then, get used to them. Learn these different
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ชžใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹
02:09
tenses. Explanations will help you but to really know how to use them, you need to get
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ๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฌๆ˜Žใฏๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‹
02:16
lots of exposure to see them used in different context and also to practice using them too.
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ใซใฏใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–‡่„ˆใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅคšใใฎ้œฒๅ‡บใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™.
02:25
And, it might seem like theyโ€™re strange now or that theyโ€™re really complicated at
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไปŠใงใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆ ใŸใ‚Šใ€็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ค‡้›‘ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
02:30
the moment. But, with this exposure and practice, these tenses will soon feel normal to you.
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. ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ้œฒๅ‡บใจ็ทด็ฟ’ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏใ™ใใซๆญฃๅธธใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:37
Now, my question for this video is this, โ€œAre there more tenses in English than your language?โ€
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็งใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€ใ€Œ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:42
Are there more tenses in English than in your language? So, leave your answers below this
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹? ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎไธ‹ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
02:47
video. Thanks for watching and Iโ€™ll see you next time.
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ใ€‚ ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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