19 Adverbs to Express Your Opinion in English | Build Your Vocabulary

44,668 views ใƒป 2023-10-18

Speak Confident English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey, I'm Annemarie with Speak Confident English,
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€Speak Confident English ใฎใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:02
and I've got a question for you.
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่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:03
What's the difference between these two sentences?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
00:07
The restaurant will be closed on Thursday for a private event.
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ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏ ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ไผ‘ๆฅญใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:12
Apparently, the restaurant will be closed on Thursday for a private event.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ€ ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏไผ‘ๆฅญใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:16
Of course, in the second sentence we have that extra word apparently,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใซใฏ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
00:21
but why and do we really need it?
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ใŒใ€ใชใœใใ‚ŒใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
00:25
Apparently along with words such as obviously clearly, kindly,
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€่ฆชๅˆ‡ใ€็Ž‡็›ดใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ€
00:30
and frankly is an adverb in English more precisely it's a comment.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃ็ขบใซใฏใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
00:35
Adverb comment,
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€
00:37
adverbs elevate your speech by adding nuance and emotion.
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ ใƒ‹ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใ‚นใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:42
Moreover,
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00:42
they help you highlight your emotions and attitudes towards something which
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹
่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚„ๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใ€
00:47
allows you to more easily express your opinion in English.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่กจ็พใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:51
These adverbs can be used in polite diplomatic communication. And finally,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏใ€ไธๅฏงใชๅค–ไบคใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
00:55
they also indicate cultural fluency.
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ๆ–‡ๅŒ–็š„ใชๆตๆšขๆ€งใ‚‚็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:59
So let's go back to that sentence. Apparently,
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใฎๆ–‡ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ€
01:02
the restaurant will be closed on Thursday for a private event. In this sentence,
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ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏ ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏไผ‘ๆฅญใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€
01:06
that word apparently adds on additional meaning and nuance.
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ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:11
It tells others that this information is true based
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01:16
on what you currently know. However, maybe there's been an update,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็พๅœจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไป–ใฎไบบใซไผใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ€
01:19
maybe something has changed. Do we need this extra word? Well,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹? ใพใ‚ใ€
01:25
that depends. That depends on what you want to say.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็Šถๆณใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใŒ้–‰ๅบ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
01:28
Do you want to indicate a concrete fact that the restaurant will be
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ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹
01:33
closed? There's no question.
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? ็–‘ๅ•ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:36
Or do you want to insert that nuance,
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€
01:39
that understanding that this is true based on what you know?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็†่งฃใจใ„ใ†ใƒ‹ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒฟๅ…ฅใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:44
However, it's possible things have changed.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ ็ŠถๆณใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:48
I know that using adverbs can be a bit of a challenge.
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใฏ ๅฐ‘ใ—้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:50
Sometimes it's hard to know what these adverbs mean and how or when you should
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใ„ใคใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
01:55
use them. So in this Confident English lesson today,
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹โ€‹โ€‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่‡ชไฟกใฎใ‚ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
01:58
I want to introduce you to 19 advanced adverbs so you can more
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02:03
clearly express your opinion in English and indicate your understanding about
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่‹ฑ่ชžใง่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ˜Ž็ขบใซ่กจ็พใ—ใ€
02:08
something that you know with each adverb.
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ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใง็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็†่งฃใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€19 ๅ€‹ใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ
02:11
You'll understand exactly what it means,
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ€
02:13
and I'll give you example sentences so you can see how to use it in your English
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚„ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใง็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
02:18
speaking and writing.
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ใ€‚
02:32
But if this is your first time here, welcome. I am Annemarie,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏ
02:36
an English confidence and fluency coach.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่‡ชไฟกใจๆตๆšขใ•ใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฎใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
02:38
Everything I do is designed to help you get the confidence you want for your
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็งใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใฏใ€
02:42
life and work in English. If you want more free resources from me,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใ‚„ไป•ไบ‹ใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็›ฎ็š„ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:46
including lessons I have on fluency and confidence building,
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ๆตๆšขใ•ใจ่‡ชไฟกใฎ้†ธๆˆใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚„ใ€
02:50
as well as my in-depth How to Say What You Want in English training,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใง่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใŸใ‚ใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใชใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใชใฉใ€็งใฎ็„กๆ–™ใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
02:54
visit my website at speakconfidentenglish.com. I want to start.
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็งใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ (speakconfidentenglish.com) ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:59
This lesson with a quick review of adverbs. What are they?
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:03
Why are they important, and how do you use them? Where do you put them?
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใชใœ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ‹? ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใฉใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:07
In the sentence?
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ๆ–‡ไธญใงใฏ๏ผŸ
03:09
Adverbs are words that provide extra information about the action
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏใ€
03:14
that someone or something is taking. It provides extra information about verbs.
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่ชฐใ‹ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฟฝๅŠ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่ฟฝๅŠ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹
03:19
It also provides extra information about adjectives. For example,
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่ฟฝๅŠ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚‚ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
03:24
is someone beautiful or really beautiful?
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ใใฎไบบใฏ็พŽใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็พŽใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:28
These words are useful because they provide more information.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™ใ€‚
03:32
For example, they can describe how, when, where, and why something happened.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ ใ„ใคใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ€ใชใœใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
And most importantly, adverbs can help make our communication more engaging,
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใงใ€
03:43
deep, and precise.
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ๆทฑใใ€ๆญฃ็ขบใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅ
03:45
The adverbs you're going to learn today are specifically comment adverbs.
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ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ ็‰นใซใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
03:50
These adverbs are used to give context or help others better
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏใ€ๆ–‡่„ˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใ‚Šใ€ ไป–ใฎไบบใŒ็Šถๆณใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ˆใ
03:54
understand the situation. They can also be used for emphasis and clarity.
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็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:00
And lastly, they can highlight your attitude, your feelings,
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใ€ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ€
04:04
and your opinion on the information you're sharing.
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆ–‡็ซ ใŒๆญฃ็ขบใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ–‡ใฎ
04:07
Let's talk briefly about where to put the adverb in a sentence so your sentences
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ใฉใ“ใซๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’็ฝฎใในใใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆ
04:12
are accurate and then we'll move on directly into three different uses of how to
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 19 ๅ€‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใซ็›ดๆŽฅ้€ฒใฟใพใ™
04:17
use these 19 comment adverbs that you're going to learn today.
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ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅ
04:20
Because the adverbs you're learning today are focused on giving extra
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ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏใ€
04:25
information about someone's viewpoint or they provide some sort of evaluation,
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่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่ฆ–็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฟฝๅŠ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ่ฉ•ไพกใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้‡็‚นใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
04:30
you'll find these adverbs usually come at the very beginning of the
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๆ–‡ใฎ ๅ…ˆ้ ญใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:35
sentence. You saw this in the example I started with. Apparently,
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎไพ‹ใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ€
04:39
the restaurant will be closed on Thursday for a private event. However,
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ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏไผ‘ๆฅญใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
04:43
occasionally you'll also see these adverbs put in the middle of the sentence
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ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒๆ–‡ใฎ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็›ดๅ‰ใซ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:47
just before the verb. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
04:51
the restaurant will apparently be closed on Thursday for a private event.
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ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏ ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ไผ‘ๆฅญใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:56
And then finally,
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04:56
sometimes in informal speaking you might hear the adverb at the very end.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
ใใ ใ‘ใŸไผš่ฉฑใงใฏใ€ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:01
It's almost like someone forgot to add it at the beginning,
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸใฎใงใ€
05:04
so they add it at the end.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:07
The restaurant will be closed on Thursday for a private event apparently.
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ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏ ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ไผ‘ๆฅญใจใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:12
With that, let's get into our 19 comment adverbs.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ 19 ๅ€‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:16
To better organize this list, I've divided them up into three distinct uses.
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ใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ฉๅˆ‡ใซๆ•ด็†ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹็”จ้€”ใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใฉใฎ็จ‹ๅบฆๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™
05:22
Use number one adverbs that indicate how likely we think
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ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผใƒฏใƒณใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:27
something is. Use number two,
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ใ€‚ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€่จ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹
05:30
adverbs that indicate our attitude or our emotional response to
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ๆ…‹ๅบฆ ใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใชๅๅฟœใ‚’็คบใ™ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
05:35
something that was said. And finally, use number three,
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€
05:39
adverbs that show your judgment about someone's actions.
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่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅˆคๆ–ญใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:43
For the first group,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใฏใ€
05:44
we're going to look at seven adverbs We use to indicate how likely something is,
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7 ใคใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใฉใฎ็จ‹ๅบฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
05:50
and this is exactly how the word apparently is used apparently
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใพใ•ใซใ€ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใŒใ€
05:54
indicates that something seems.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…ˆใปใฉใฎ
05:57
To be true based on the information available similar to the sentence
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ๆ–‡ใจๅŒๆง˜ใฎๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ๅฏ่ƒฝใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซๅŸบใฅใใจ
06:02
we had before, "Apparently,
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ใ€ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ€
06:04
the restaurant will be closed on Thanksgiving day." Now,
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ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏ ๆ„Ÿ่ฌ็ฅญใฎๆ—ฅใฏ้–‰ๅบ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใŒ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
06:07
just as you might guess,
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ใ”ๆƒณๅƒใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€
06:08
the word certainly adds on an extra layer of assurance or
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ็ขบๅฎŸใซ ไฟ่จผใ‚„่‚ฏๅฎšใฎๅฑคใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅŠ ใˆใพใ™
06:13
affirmation. In fact, it emphasizes that assurance.
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ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใใฎไฟ่จผใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๅŒๆ„ใ‚„ๆ„ๆฌฒใ‚’
06:19
It can also be used to indicate complete agreement or willingness.
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็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:24
For example, I certainly can meet you at 9:00 AM on Tuesday.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ็ซๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅ‰ 9 ๆ™‚ใซๅฟ…ใšใŠไผšใ„ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:28
Our third adverb clearly can be used to indicate a high level
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€ ้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซ
06:34
of clarity or understanding. It also indicates that something is evident,
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ใฎๆ˜Žๅฟซใ•ใพใŸใฏ็†่งฃใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆ˜Ž็™ฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
06:39
obvious or easy to see. For example, clearly,
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€่กŒๅ‹•ใซ
06:43
we need a good plan before jumping into action similar to our adverb,
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็งปใ™ๅ‰ใซ่‰ฏใ„่จˆ็”ปใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ ใ€‚
06:48
certainly we can also use definitely in fact this
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
06:52
indicates a high level of certainty or firm
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้ซ˜ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซ ใฎ็ขบๅฎŸๆ€งใพใŸใฏ็ขบๅ›บใŸใ‚‹
06:57
assertion. For example,
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ไธปๅผตใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไบˆ็ด„ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€
06:59
we should definitely call the doctor's office to reschedule the appointment.
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ๅฟ…ใš่จบ็™‚ๆ‰€ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:04
Let's pause here for a moment and again, imagine this sentence without the word.
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅฐ‘ใ—็ซ‹ใกๆญขใพใฃใฆใ€ ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใšใซใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:09
We could certainly say we should call the doctor to reschedule this
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ ๅŒปๅธซใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆไบˆ็ด„ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
07:14
appointment. However, by adding that adverb,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
07:18
we have an extra layer of meaning or nuance.
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใ‚นใŒใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
07:21
We understand your attitude and how strongly you feel about the need
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใจใ€ไบˆ็ด„ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€ไบˆ็ด„ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ ๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใ‚’ใฉใ‚Œใปใฉๅผทใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
07:26
to make an appointment or to reschedule the appointment.
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ใ€‚
07:30
Number five on our list is undoubtedly this is used to indicate a strong
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็งใŸใกใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎ 5 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€็–‘ใ„ใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใฎใชใ„ ๅผทใ„ไฟกๅฟตใ‚„็ขบไฟกใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
07:35
unquestionable belief or certainty. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
07:40
undoubtedly Susan's help contributed to the success of this event.
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ใ‚นใƒผใ‚ถใƒณใฎๅ”ๅŠ›ใŒใ“ใฎใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎๆˆๅŠŸใซ่ฒข็Œฎใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
07:45
In other words, it's without question. Number six is obviously,
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่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ็–‘ใ„ใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ 6 ็•ช็›ฎใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€
07:50
and this means that something is easily seen, understood, or recognized.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€็†่งฃใ•ใ‚Œใ€่ช่ญ˜ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:56
In other words, there's no need for further explanation.
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่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใฎ ่ชฌๆ˜Žใฏไธ่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:00
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไปŠๅนดใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹
08:02
we really need a family vacation this year has been hard, obviously.
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ใซๅฎถๆ—ๆ—…่กŒใŒ ๅคงๅค‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใจใ„ใ†
08:07
Why do you think I added the word obviously at the end in this example?
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ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใฎใฏใชใœใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ?
08:12
As I mentioned earlier,
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ๅ‰ใซ่ฟฐในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
08:14
we use this in informal spoken speech and it's often as an afterthought
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช่ฉฑใ—่จ€่‘‰ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅพŒไป˜ใ‘ใจใ—ใฆใ€ใพใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็™บ่จ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’
08:18
or something that you want to add at the end to underscore or
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ๅผท่ชฟใพใŸใฏๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
08:23
highlight everything that you've said. And finally,
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
08:26
number seven for this category is presumably now so far
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใฎ 7 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใ€
08:31
we've had adverbs that indicate a rather high level of certainty
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎ็ขบๅฎŸๆ€งใ‚’็คบใ™
08:36
or perhaps even indicate that there's no question. However,
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ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ็–‘ๅ•ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
08:40
this one is different.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:42
This one is used to indicate an educated guess.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็ตŒ้จ“ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใŸๆŽจๆธฌใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:47
In other words,
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08:47
it's based on reasonable assumptions or some evidence.
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่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€
ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆ็†็š„ใช ไปฎๅฎšใพใŸใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่จผๆ‹ ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:53
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
08:54
presumably they're stuck in traffic and it'll be a while before they arrive.
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ๆธ‹ๆปžใซใฏใพใ‚Šใ€ ๅˆฐ็€ใพใงใซใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
08:59
Now, in that sentence,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€
09:01
because I'm using presumably there's a sense that maybe I don't really
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€
09:06
believe that's true or I'm not really sure that that's accurate information.
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ใพใŸใฏ ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃ็ขบใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ขบไฟกใŒๆŒใฆใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:11
Before we go on to our second set of comma adverbs,
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒžๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๅ‰ใซใ€
09:15
I want to pause here and ask you to practice one adverb you've learned so far.
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ใ“ใ“ใงไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใซๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใŸๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ 1 ใค็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:21
For example,
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09:21
use an adverb such as obviously clearly or certainly to
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
09:26
indicate your overall attitude or your high level of confidence that something
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ๅ…จไฝ“็š„ใชๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚„ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†้ซ˜ใ„่‡ชไฟกใ‚’็คบใ™ใซใฏใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใชใฉใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
09:32
is true.
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ใ€‚ ไปฅไธ‹ใฎ
09:33
Share in an example sentence with me below and now let's move on to seven
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ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
09:37
comment adverbs you can use to indicate your attitude or emotional response
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใชๅๅฟœใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ 7 ใคใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:42
first, surprisingly, this is used to indicate that something is unexpected,
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ใพใšใ€้ฉšใในใใ“ใจใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไบˆๆœŸใ›ใฌใ€
09:48
unanticipated, or astonishing. For example,
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ไบˆๆƒณๅค–ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ้ฉšใในใใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
09:52
the engine on this car won't last too long, surprisingly. Next,
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ใ“ใฎ่ปŠใฎใ‚จใƒณใ‚ธใƒณใฏ ้ฉšใใปใฉ้•ทใใฏๆŒใกใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€
09:57
frankly,
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็Ž‡็›ดใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€
09:59
we use this adverb to indicate direct honesty.
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ใ“ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใชๆญฃ็›ดใ•ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
10:03
For example, frankly,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ็Ž‡็›ดใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€ไปŠ้€ฑๆœซใฏ
10:05
I'd rather stay in than go out this weekend similar to the word
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ๅค–ๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฎถใซใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ† ่จ€่‘‰ใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™
10:10
frankly. We can also use honestly,
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ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:13
which indicates that what you say is genuine or without deception.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒ ๆœฌ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆฌบ็žžใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:19
For example, honestly, I don't have the energy to take on my tasks today.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚€ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:24
Number four in this category is generally this is used to indicate
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใฎ 4 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€ ้€šๅธธใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใพใŸใฏๅ…ธๅž‹็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
10:29
that you view something as common or typical. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
10:34
the company generally doesn't allow employees to take more than three weeks off
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ๅŒ็คพใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ ๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใŒๅนด้–“ใซ 3 ้€ฑ้–“ใ‚’่ถ…ใˆใ‚‹ไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
10:38
during the year.
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ใ€‚
10:39
I highlighted that this category of adverbs is focused on indicating your
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใฎ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
10:44
attitude or emotional response, and with the word generally,
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ๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใชๅๅฟœใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใซ้‡็‚นใŒ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎ ๅ˜่ชžไธ€่ˆฌใงใฏใ€
10:48
it's almost indicating a lack of emotional response.
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใชๅๅฟœใฎๆฌ ๅฆ‚ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:52
You don't really have a strong feeling toward this issue. Instead,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅผทใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใฏใชใใ€
10:56
you're indicating that you view this as something common or normal from your
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใพใŸใฏๆญฃๅธธใชใ“ใจใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
11:00
point of view. Number five on our list is luckily, and as you might imagine,
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ใ€‚ ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎ 5 ็•ช็›ฎใฏ ๅนธ้‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆƒณๅƒใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€
11:05
we use this to indicate that we've had some positive or
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅถ็„ถใซใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ€ใพใŸใฏๅนธ้‹ใช็ตๆžœใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
11:10
fortunate outcome by chance. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
11:15
luckily we stocked up on batteries before the power outage.
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ๅนธใ„ใซใ‚‚ ๅœ้›ปๅ‰ใซ้›ปๆฑ ใ‚’่ฒทใ„ใ ใ‚ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:19
Next on the list is naturally we use this adverb to
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎๆฌกใฏใ€ๅฝ“็„ถใฎใ“ใจใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€
11:24
indicate that something is logical or expected.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ ่ซ–็†็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไบˆๆƒณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:29
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใŒๅบƒใŒใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€
11:31
my goals naturally changed over time as my knowledge expanded.
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็งใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใฏๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซ่‡ช็„ถใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
11:35
And number seven,
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ใใ—ใฆ 7 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€
11:37
sadly of course this one is used to indicate your feelings of sorrow
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๆ‚ฒใ—ใฟใ‚„ๅพŒๆ‚”ใฎๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
11:41
or regret. For example, sadly,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€
11:45
one of NASA's programs will be discontinued by the end of the year.
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NASA ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฎ 1 ใคใฏ ๅนดๆœซใพใงใซไธญๆญขใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ†’้ ญใง่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใŸ
11:49
I want to go back to the question we discussed at the beginning.
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่ณชๅ•ใซๆˆปใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ใฎไธญใซ
11:52
Do we need these extra words in a sentence,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชๅ˜่ชžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹ ใ€‚
11:56
and I think this example highlights how useful adverbs can be.
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ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒใ„ใ‹ใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ NASA ใซใฏไปŠๅนดๅพŒๅŠใซๅปƒๆญขใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
12:01
I could simply state a fact that NASA has a program that will be
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ไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’่ฟฐในใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงๆธˆใฟใพใ™
12:05
discontinued later this year,
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12:08
and by adding on one simple word, sadly,
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ใŒใ€ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชไธ€่จ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€
12:12
I give you my feelings about this fact.
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ใ“ใฎไบ‹ๅฎŸใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็งใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ใŠไผใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:16
I've added on that nuance and emotion.
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ใใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใ‚นใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:20
And now category number three,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใใฎ 3 ใฏใ€
12:22
adverbs you can use to show your judgment towards someone's actions.
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่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅˆคๆ–ญใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
12:27
Number one, bravely. Of course,
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1็•ชใ€ๅ‹‡ๆ•ขใซใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
12:30
this is used to indicate that you view someone else's actions as being
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไป–ไบบใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’
12:35
courageous, maybe even fearless. For example,
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ๅ‹‡ๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ ๆใ‚Œ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใšใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
12:40
Tina bravely faced the audience and presented next
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ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒŠใฏๅ‹‡ๆ•ขใซ ่ด่ก†ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใ„ใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’
12:44
carelessly. If you describe something as happening carelessly,
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ไธ็”จๆ„ใซ่กŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไธ็”จๆ„ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
12:49
it indicates that you see it as thoughtless or maybe even done
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ ่ปฝ็Ž‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ€ ๆ…ขใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
12:54
with negligence. In other words, there's a lack of caution.
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ใ€‚ ่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๆณจๆ„ๅŠ›ใŒๆฌ ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:59
For example, let's not write this email carelessly.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒกใƒผใƒซใฏไธ็”จๆ„ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใƒˆ
13:03
We need to connect with this client. Number three,
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ใจๆŽฅ็ถšใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไธ‰ใซใ€
13:07
in this category generously,
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใงใฏใ€ๅฏ›ๅคงใซใ€่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่ฆชๅˆ‡ใพใŸใฏๅˆฉๅทฑ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใฟใชใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’
13:09
you might use this to suggest that you view someone's actions as being
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็คบๅ”†ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
13:14
kind or unselfish.
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ใ€‚
13:17
You could also use it to say that someone gave or shared something
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ใพใŸใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ–œใ‚“ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใ‚Šๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใซใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™
13:22
willingly. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
13:24
she generously donated all the new toys to the fundraiser.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใŠใ‚‚ใกใ‚ƒใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๅ‹Ÿ้‡‘ๆดปๅ‹•ใซๆƒœใ—ใฟใชใๅฏ„ไป˜ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
13:28
Number four,
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4 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€ๅฅฝๆ„ใจ่ฆชใ—ใฟใ‚„ใ™ใ•ใ‚’
13:29
kindly we use this to indicate goodwill and friendliness.
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็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
13:34
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
13:36
kindly she took extra time to explain the pros and cons of the role
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ฆชๅˆ‡ใซใ‚‚ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ€ ๅฝนๅ‰ฒใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€
13:41
and our final adverb wisely.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ณขใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:44
You might use this to say that you view someone's actions as having
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใŒ
13:49
sound judgment or careful thought.
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ๅฅๅ…จใชๅˆคๆ–ญๅŠ›ใ‚„ๆ…Ž้‡ใชๆ€่€ƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใซใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
13:53
It also indicates a good understanding of a situation.
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ใพใŸใ€ ็Šถๆณใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:57
For example, wisely she invested in the company at the right time.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ณขๆ˜Žใชใ“ใจใซใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใงไผš็คพใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:02
Now, I know I've introduced you to many new adverbs today,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅคšใใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
14:07
and the best thing you can do now is choose two or three to practice
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ไปŠใงใใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆ–‡ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ 2 ใคใพใŸใฏ 3 ใคใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™
14:11
using in real sentences.
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ใ€‚
14:14
That is the number one way to not just learn,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ ๅ˜ใซๅญฆใถใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€
14:17
but remember how to use these adverbs so that you incorporate them
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ€
14:22
naturally in your English conversations and in your English writing.
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่‹ฑไผš่ฉฑ ใ‚„่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใซ่‡ช็„ถใซ็ต„ใฟ่พผใ‚€ใŸใ‚ใฎไธ€็•ชใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:26
Earlier I asked you to select an adverb,
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ๅ…ˆใปใฉใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใชใฉใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
14:29
such as obviously clearly or certainly. Now,
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
14:33
I want you to think about someone who has done something courageous in your
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็›ฎใฎๅ‰ใงๅ‹‡ๆฐ—ใ‚ใ‚‹่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ใจใฃใŸไบบใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใปใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™
14:38
eyes. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅˆใ‚ใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’
14:40
maybe you have a coworker who gave a presentation in English for the very first
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ใ—ใŸๅŒๅƒšใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
14:44
time,
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ใ€‚
14:45
or maybe your daughter walked to school for the first time by herself.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๅจ˜ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆไธ€ไบบใงๆญฉใ„ใฆๅญฆๆ กใซ้€šใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
14:50
How would.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€‚
14:51
You describe those actions in a sentence using the adverb bravely?
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎๅ‹‡ๆ•ขใซไฝฟใฃใฆๆ–‡็ซ ใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
14:56
If there's another adverb on this list that you'd really love to remember right
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ใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎไธญใซใ€
15:00
now for future conversations in English,
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ไปŠๅพŒใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎไผš่ฉฑใฎใŸใ‚ใซไปŠ
15:03
go ahead and create an example sentence and share it with me below.
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ใ™ใ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใŸใ„ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆ ไปฅไธ‹ใซๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:07
If you found today's lesson helpful to you,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
15:10
I would love to know and you can tell me in one very simple way.
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ใœใฒใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚้žๅธธใซ ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ YouTube ใง
15:14
Give this lesson a thumbs up here on YouTube and while you're at it,
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซ้ซ˜่ฉ•ไพกใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใฎ้–“ใ€
15:17
make sure you subscribe to my Speak Confident English YouTube channel so you
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็งใฎ Confident English ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ•ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Speak Confident English YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
15:21
never miss one of my Confident English lessons.
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ใ€‚
15:24
Thank you so much for being here and for watching this lesson.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ–่ดใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ€่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:28
I really appreciate it and I look forward to seeing you next time.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ ๆฌกๅ›žใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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