Complete Guide to English Modal Verbs - English Grammar Lesson

英文語法 — 情態助動詞介紹

730,689 views ・ 2020-01-16

Oxford Online English


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00:01
Hi, I’m Stephanie.
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嗨,我是Stephanie。
00:03
Welcome to Oxford Online English!
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歡迎來到Oxford Online English!
00:05
In this lesson, you can learn about English modal verbs.
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在本節課裡,您會學習 英文的情態助動詞。
00:09
What are modal verbs?
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什麼是情態助動詞?
00:11
What do they do?
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它們的功能是什麼?
00:12
Why do you need them?
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為什麼您需要它們?
00:13
You’ll see answers to all these questions in this class.
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您會在本節課裡看到所有 問題的答案。
00:17
Before we start, you should check out our website: Oxford Online English dot com.
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在我們開始之前,您要看看我們的網頁: Oxford Online English dot com.
00:21
You can find all our free English lessons.
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您能找到我們所有的免費課程。
00:24
We also offer online classes with professional teachers, where you can study speaking, prepare
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我們也提供有專業資質老師的線上課程, 您可以學習口說、雅思
00:28
for IELTS, improve your pronunciation, or whatever else you want!
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考試準備、發音進階或是 任何其他您想要的東西!
00:34
Let’s get back to our topic with some basic points you should know to use modal verbs
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我們回到主題,了解一些正確 運用情態助動詞的
00:38
correctly.
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重點。
00:42
Shall we start?
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我們要開始嗎?
00:44
Yeah, we probably should!
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是的,我們有可能要開始了!
00:45
So, can you tell me something about modal verbs?
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那麼,您可以告訴我某些與情態助動詞 相關的事情嗎?
00:48
Sure.
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當然。
00:49
What would you like to know?
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您想知道什麼?
00:50
I must know everything about them!
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我必須了解與它們有關的 每一件事情。
00:52
That might take a long time!
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那也許要花很多時間。
00:54
You’ll help me, though, right?
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不過,您會幫我,對嗎?
00:56
Of course, even though it may be challenging.
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當然,即使那可能有挑戰性。
01:00
There are nine modal verbs in English.
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英文裡有九種情態助動詞。
01:03
You just heard a dialogue with nine lines.
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您剛剛聽到了九行字的對話。
01:06
Each line contains one modal verb.
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每一行含有一個情態助動詞。
01:08
Can you name the nine modal verbs in English?
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您可以給這九種情態助動詞 命名嗎?
01:11
Maybe you know them already, but if not, you can go back and try to find them in the dialogue.
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也許您已經知道它們了,但是如果還沒有, 您可以回頭再在對話裡找它們。
01:18
The nine modal verbs are: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should and must.
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九個情態助動詞是:can、could、may、 might、will、would、shall、should和must。
01:30
What do modal verbs do, and how are they different from other verbs?
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情態助動詞的功用是什麼?它們與其他的 動詞有什麼不同?
01:34
Also, why are they so important?
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同樣,它們為什麼很重要?
01:38
Modal verbs add information to other verbs.
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情態助動詞給其他動詞增加信息。
01:40
That’s their job.
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那是它們的功能。
01:42
They can add ideas like possibility, uncertainty, or obligation to another verb.
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它們可以增加想法,像是可能性、不確定性、 或是對主動詞的義務。
01:48
Grammatically, modal verbs follow their own rules.
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語法上,情態助動詞追隨 它們自己的規則。
01:51
Let’s see what this means.
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我們看看這意思是什麼。
01:53
Rule number one: a modal verb is followed by an infinitive verb, without ‘to’.
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規則一:一個情態助動詞後面跟隨一個 沒有“to”的不定詞。
02:00
For example: ‘She can speak fluent Spanish.’
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例如:“She can speak fluent Spanish.”
02:05
‘We shouldn’t do anything until we know more.’
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“We shouldn’t do anything until we know more.”
02:09
‘They won’t be here before ten.’
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“They won’t be here before ten.”
02:13
You can’t put a noun after a modal verb, or an -ing verb, or anything else, only an
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您不能在情態助動詞的後面放置一個名詞, 或一個-ing動詞,或任何其他的,只能
02:19
infinitive verb without ‘to’.
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是一個沒有“to”的不定詞。
02:22
Rule number two: modal verbs can’t be used in different times or tenses.
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規則二:情態助動詞不適用於 不同的時間或時態。
02:27
Modal verbs don’t have past, perfect or future tenses like regular verbs do.
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情態助動詞不像是規則動詞那樣,它沒有 過去式、完成式或未來式。
02:32
There are some cases where this isn’t 100% true.
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有一些事情不是 100%是事實。
02:36
For example, ‘could’ is the past tense of ‘can’ in some cases.
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例如:“could”是“can”在一些事例裡的 過去式。
02:41
‘Would’ sometimes acts like a past version of ‘will’.
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“Would”有時扮演像是 “will“的一個過去時態版本。
02:45
However, ‘could’ can also have a present or future meaning.
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然而,”could“也可以有一個現在 或未來式的意思。
02:50
It’s better to think about each modal verb individually.
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最好是獨立地考慮每個情態助動詞。
02:55
Rule number three: modal verbs are *auxiliary* verbs.
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規則三:情態助動詞是*助*動詞。
02:59
That means you make negatives by adding ‘not’ to the end of the verb.
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那意思是您在它的後面加 ”not“來造否定意思。
03:04
For example: can, can’t.
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例如: can、can’t。
03:06
Would, wouldn’t.
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Would、 wouldn’t。
03:08
Might, might not.
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Might、might not。
03:10
Negative modal verbs are often contracted, although ‘might not’ and ‘may not’
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否定助動詞經常是短寫的, 儘管”might not“和”may not“
03:16
are usually written fully, without contractions.
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常常寫完整的,沒有短寫形式。
03:19
For ‘will’ and ‘shall’, the spelling changes in the negative: will, won’t; shall,
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至於”will“和”shall“,在否定形式時 拼寫會改變”will、won’t;shall、
03:25
shan’t.
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shan’t。
03:27
To make a question, move the modal verb before the subject.
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要造疑問句,移動情態助動詞 到主語的前面。
03:31
For example: ‘Should I tell him?’
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例如:“Should I tell him?”
03:35
‘What would you do?’
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“What would you do?”
03:38
What about the other question: why are modal verbs important?
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那其他的問題呢:為什麼情態 助動詞是重要的?
03:43
Modal verbs can express many basic concepts which you will need regularly, in any situation.
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情態助動詞可以表達很多在任何情況下 您都定期需要的基本概念。
03:50
Modal verbs are used to express obligation, give advice, talk about possibility and probability,
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情態助動詞常用於表達義務、給出意見、 談論可能性和概率、
03:56
ask for permission, and more.
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尋求許可,等等。
03:59
Next, let’s look at the meanings which modal verbs can express in more detail.
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接下來,我們更詳細地看看 情態助動詞可以表達的含義。
04:07
Can I ask you something?
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我可以問您某些事情嗎?
04:08
Sure.
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當然。
04:09
I’m thinking I might ask for a transfer to the Singapore office.
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我在想我也許會請求派遣到 新加坡的辦公室。
04:12
I’ve always wanted to live abroad, and I think now’s the right time.
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我總是想在海外生活, 我覺得現在是時候了。
04:16
What do you think?
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您覺得呢?
04:17
I think if you’ve thought about it, then you should try it.
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我認為如果您已經考慮了 這個,那麼您要試一試。
04:21
Better to regret something you did than something you didn’t do; that’s my view.
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後悔自己做過的事要比後悔自己沒有 做過要好;那是我的觀點。
04:25
Hmm…
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呃…
04:26
Will they agree, though?
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他們會同意嗎?
04:28
You don’t know till you ask!
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您不問就不會知道!
04:29
Anyway, I’m sure they’ll agree; you have a good track record here, and if you come
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隨便,我確定他們會同意的;您在 這有一個好的追蹤記錄,
04:34
back later you’ll have a lot of valuable experience.
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如果您以後回來,您會有大量的 有價值的經驗。
04:37
So, they should say yes.
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那麼,他們會同意的。
04:39
I’m just worried, because I know that Olga asked for a transfer to Canada, and they wouldn’t
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我只是擔心,因為我知道Olga 請求派遣到加拿大,他們
04:44
let her…
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沒有派遣她…
04:45
That’s a totally different situation.
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那是一個完全不同的情形。
04:46
Olga’s a tax specialist; she’s irreplaceable.
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Olga是一個稅務專家; 她是不可取代的。
04:50
I wanted to ask one more thing: will you write a reference for me?
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我想再問一件事:您會幫我 寫一封引薦信嗎?
04:54
No problem!
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當然可以!
04:55
I’d be happy to.
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我太高興了。
04:56
There’s one more thing you must do before you apply.
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在您申請之前還有一件 您必須要做的事情。
04:59
What’s that?
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是什麼?
05:00
Talk to the Singapore office.
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和新加坡辦公室談一下。
05:02
I can put you in contact if you need.
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如果您想,我可以幫您聯繫安排好。
05:04
That’s great!
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那太棒了。
05:05
Thanks so much for helping me out.
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太感謝您的幫助了。
05:07
You can use modal verbs to express nine fundamental ideas.
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您可以用情態助動詞來表達 九種基本的意思。
05:12
Maybe you’re thinking: “That’s nice and easy!
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也許您在想:“That’s nice and easy!
05:15
There are nine modal verbs, and nine meanings, so each verb must have one meaning, right?”
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There are nine modal verbs, and nine meanings, so each verb must have one meaning, right?”
05:22
Nope!
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休想!
05:23
Unfortunately, it’s more complicated than that.
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不幸的是,它比那些更複雜。
05:26
First, the nine meanings are broad.
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首先,九個意思是廣泛的。
05:29
Each contains several smaller ideas.
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每一個包含有幾個較小的概念。
05:32
Secondly, every modal verb can have more than one meaning.
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其次,每個情態助動詞可以 有一個以上的意思。
05:36
Anyway, we’ll worry about that later!
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不管它了,我們以後再擔心那個!
05:40
For now, let’s look at the nine fundamental ideas which modal verbs can express.
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至於現在,我們看看情態助動詞 可以表達的9個基本意思。
05:46
Asking permission.
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請求許可!
05:48
Expressing possibility or impossibility, when you think something could be true or not.
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在您考慮某事是事實或不是事實時, 表達可能性和不可能性。
05:55
Giving advice or suggestions.
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提供意見。
05:58
Expressing certainty or uncertainty, when you’re sure something is true or not.
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在您確定某事是事實或不是事實時, 表達確定性或不確定性。
06:06
Expressing probability, when you think one result is more likely than another
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在您考慮一個結果比另一個結果 更有可能時,表達概率。
06:11
Expressing willingness or refusal, for example when someone lets or doesn’t let someone
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表達願意或拒絕,例如 在某人想或不想讓
06:17
else do something.
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某人做某事時。
06:19
Making a request or an offer.
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提出要求或要約。
06:22
Expressing an obligation, when it’s necessary to do something.
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在有必要做某事時,表達一個義務。
06:27
Expressing ability, when someone has the capacity to do something, or not.
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在某人有能力或不能 做某事時,表達能力。
06:33
In the dialogue, there’s at least one example of each of these nine basic meanings.
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在對話裡,9個基本意思中的 任何一個至少有一個例子。
06:38
Can you find them?
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您可以找到它們嗎?
06:40
If you want a challenge, go back and listen to the dialogue again.
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如果您想要這個挑戰,回頭 再聽一次對話。
06:44
Try to find one sentence with a modal verb which expresses each of the nine basic meanings.
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試著找到一個含有表達了9種基本意思中 任何一種的情態助動詞的句子。
06:52
Let’s look together.
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我們一起來看看。
06:53
Here are nine sentences from the dialogue.
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這裡是對話裡的9個句子。
06:58
The first sentence is asking permission.
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句一是請求許可。
07:01
You use ‘can’ to ask ‘Is this OK?’
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您用“can”來問“Is this OK?”
07:06
Sentence two is talking about possibility.
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句二是談論可能性。
07:09
You’re saying that something is possible, but not certain.
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您在詢問某事是可能的, 但不十分確定。
07:13
The third sentence is giving advice.
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句三那是給出建議。
07:17
Number four is expressing certainty.
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句四是表達確定性。
07:19
You’re sure that something is true now, or that something will happen in the future.
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您現在確信某事是真實的, 或某事會在未來發生。
07:24
In case you’re wondering, possibility and certainty are closely related.
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如果您想知道,那麼可能性和確定性 是密切相關的。
07:29
We’re separating them, but you could also see them as two sides of the same idea.
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我們把它們分離開了,但是您也能 當做一個意思的兩面來看它們。
07:35
However, probability, as in sentence five, is different.
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然後,概率,在句五,是不同的。
07:39
Here’s a question: what’s the difference between probability and possibility?
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這是一個問題:概率和可能性 之間的區別是什麼?
07:46
Probability has different levels.
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概率有不同的數值。
07:49
Something can be 90% probable, or 50% or 20%, or whatever.
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某事可以有90%的可能,或50%, 或20%或任何比例。
07:54
Possibility is binary: either something is possible, or it isn’t.
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可能性是二元的:或者某事是 可能的,或者不。
08:00
It doesn’t make sense to say that something is 50% possible.
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講某事是50%可能的沒有意思。
08:05
This might sound abstract, but it’s relevant to using modal verbs.
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這也許聽起來是抽象的,但是它與 運用情態助動詞有關。
08:10
Here, ‘should’ expresses probability.
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在這裡,“should”表達概率。
08:13
The sentence ‘They should say yes’ means that it’s more likely they’ll say ‘yes’
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句子“They should say yes”意思是 那更像是他們會說“yes”,
08:19
than ‘no’.
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而不是“no”。
08:21
The sixth sentence expresses refusal.
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句六表達了拒絕。
08:24
‘Wouldn’t’ here has a similar meaning to ‘refused to’.
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“Wouldn’t”這裡有一個類似 “refused to”的意思。
08:29
Number seven is a request, when you ask someone to do something for you.
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句七是一個要求,在您要求 某人為您做某事時。
08:35
The eighth sentence expresses an obligation.
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句八表達了一個義務。
08:38
‘Must’ here means that it’s necessary to do something.
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“Must”在這裡意思是有必要做某事。
08:42
Finally, the ninth sentence expresses ability.
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最後,句九表達了能力。
08:47
So, there’s a lot of information here!
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所以,這裡有很多信息!
08:50
What should you take away?
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您應該要帶走什麼?
08:51
Let’s look at two key points.
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我們來看兩個重點。
08:54
First, not every modal verb was used in these nine sentences.
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首先,在這九句中,並非 每個情態助動詞都可以用。
08:59
There’s no ‘could’, no ‘shall’ and no ‘may’.
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沒有“could”,沒有“shall”以及沒有 “may”。
09:03
What does this tell you?
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這告訴您什麼?
09:05
It shows you what we told you before: every modal verb can have more than one meaning.
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它表達了我們之前告訴您的內容: 每個情態助動詞可以有多個含義。
09:11
Also, it shows you that every idea, like obligation, certainty, and so on, can be expressed by
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此外,它還告訴我們,每個意思, 像是義務、確定性等都可以
09:18
more than one modal verb.
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有多個情態助動詞來表達。
09:20
Let’s look at this point in more detail.
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我們來更詳細地了解這一點。
09:26
Can you look at something for me?
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您可以幫我看一些東西嗎?
09:27
Sure.
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當然。
09:28
What’s up?
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什麼事?
09:29
It’s my laptop.
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那是我的筆電。
09:30
It’s acting weirdly.
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它跑起來有點奇怪。
09:32
I know you’re good with these things, so…
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我知道您很內行這些東西,所以…
09:34
What’s the problem exactly?
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到底是什麼問題呢?
09:35
It keeps freezing, and I can’t do anything for a while.
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它有點卡卡的,我暫時不能 做任何事情。
09:39
Sometimes it’s just a few seconds, but sometimes it goes on for half an hour.
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有時只是幾秒鐘,但是 有時半個小時。
09:43
It’s really annoying!
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那真的很煩人!
09:45
Older laptops can get like that sometimes.
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較舊款的筆電有時會像這樣。
09:47
But I only bought it six months ago!
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但是我六個月前才買的耶。
09:50
Do you have an antivirus program?
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您有防毒軟體嗎?
09:52
Yes, and I do scans regularly.
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有,我定期做這個。
09:54
It can’t be a virus.
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那不可能是一個病毒。
09:56
I’m not so good with technology, but I am pretty security conscious.
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我在技術方面不內行,但是 我很注重安全性。
09:59
Hmm…
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呃…
10:00
That’s probably not the problem, then.
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那可能不是問題,那麼。
10:03
Can I take it for an hour or so?
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我可以拿著它一個多小時嗎?
10:04
I’ll need your login password, too.
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我也要您的登入密碼。
10:07
That way I can take a proper look.
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那樣我可以適當地看看。
10:09
OK, here.
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好的,這裡。
10:10
Thank you so much!
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太感謝您了。
10:12
In this dialogue, there were five different sentences using the modal verb ‘can’.
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在這個對話裡,有五個運用情態 助動詞“can”的不同句子。
10:18
Do you remember them?
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您還記得它們嗎?
10:21
Here they are.
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它們在這裡。
10:24
In each sentence, ‘can’ has a different meaning.
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在每個句子裡,“can”有一個 不同的意思。
10:27
Think about the nine basic meanings of modal verbs, which you saw in section two.
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考慮您在第二單元看到的情態助動詞 的九個基本意思。
10:32
Can you explain the meaning of ‘can’ in each of these sentences?
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您可以解釋“can”在每一個句子 裡的含義嗎?
10:36
Can you see how they’re different?
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您能看出它們有什麼不同嗎?
10:39
‘Can you look at something for me?’ is a request.
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“Can you look at something for me?” 是一個要求。
10:44
‘I can’t do anything for a while’ expresses ability.
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“I can’t do anything for a while” 表達了能力。
10:49
‘Older laptops can get like that sometimes’ expresses a general possibility.
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“Older laptops can get like that sometimes” 表達了一個一般的可能性。
10:55
It’s like saying ‘It’s common for older laptops to get like that.’
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那像是說“It’s common for older laptops to get like that.”
11:01
‘It can’t be a virus’ expresses certainty.
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“It can’t be a virus”表達了確定性。
11:04
It’s like saying ‘I’m sure it isn’t a virus.’
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那像是說“I’m sure it isn’t a virus.”
11:08
‘Can I take it for an hour or so?’ is asking permission to do something.
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“Can I take it for an hour or so?” 是請求許可做某事。
11:15
This is just one modal verb.
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這只是一個情態助動詞。
11:17
‘Can’ is an extreme example, because most modal verbs don’t have five different meanings.
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“Can”是一個極端的例子,因為大部分 的情態助動詞沒有五種不同的意思。
11:22
Actually, ‘can’ has a sixth meaning—it can be used to make an offer, as in ‘Can
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實際上“can”有六個意思— 它可以用來提出要約,就像在“Can
11:28
I help you with anything?’
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I help you with anything?”一樣。
11:30
However, every modal verb has at least two different meanings, and most have three or
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然而,每個情態助動詞至少有兩個 不同的意思,大部分有
11:36
four.
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三個或四個。
11:37
So, what’s the point here?
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那麼,這裡重點是什麼?
11:40
Point one: *really* don’t try to understand modal verbs by translating them into your
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重點一:*真正地*不要嘗試以翻譯 它們成您的語言
11:45
language.
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的方式來理解情態助動詞。
11:46
Of course, this is true generally, but it’s especially important with modal verbs, because
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當然,一般來說,這是對的, 但這對情態助動詞尤其重要,
11:52
they don’t translate cleanly between languages.
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因為它們無法在語言之間 清晰地翻譯。
11:55
If you think that ‘can’ in English translates to one verb in your language, you’ll create
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如果您覺得英文的“can”翻譯成您的 語言裡的一個動詞,
12:00
problems for yourself.
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您會自找麻煩。
12:02
Point two: to understand a modal verb in a sentence, you need to understand the context.
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重點二:要理解在句子裡的一個 情態助動詞,您需要理解上下文。
12:08
Again, this is general advice, but again it’s especially important with modal verbs.
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同樣,這是一般性的建議,但 對於情態助動詞特別重要。
12:14
The meaning of a modal verb can be completely different in different contexts.
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在不同上下文裡的一個情態助動詞的 意思可以是完全不同的。
12:19
Point three: the different meanings of a modal verb are unconnected.
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重點三:情態助動詞的不同 意思是沒有相互關聯的。
12:24
Look at two sentences with ‘must’: ‘It must be late—it’s dark outside.’
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看兩個有“must”的句子:”It must be late—it’s dark outside.“
12:30
‘You must read this article.
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”You must read this article.
12:32
It’s so interesting!’
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It’s so interesting!“
12:36
What does ‘must’ mean in these two sentences?
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在這兩句裡”must“意思是什麼?
12:40
In the first sentence, ‘must’ expresses certainty.
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在句一,”must“表達了確定性。
12:44
You’re saying ‘I’m sure it’s late, because it’s dark outside.’
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您在說”I’m sure it’s late, because it’s dark outside.“
12:50
In the second sentence, ‘must’ expresses strong advice.
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在句二,”must“表達了 強烈的意見。
12:56
Most English learners will first learn ‘must’ to express obligation, in sentences like ‘Employees
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大部分的英文學習者會首先學習運用”must“ 來表達義務,句子像是”Employees
13:02
must keep records of all expenses.’
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must keep records of all expenses.“
13:05
Often, they’ll think about ‘must’ by translating it into their language.
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通常,他们会通过翻译它成 他们的语言来考虑”must“。
13:09
Then, when they see the word ‘must’, they think about the verb in their language.
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然而,當他們看到單字”must“,他們會 考慮他們自己語言裡的動詞。
13:16
If you do this, you might think that other meanings of ‘must’ are somehow connected
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如果您這樣做,您也許認為”msut“ 的其他意思是以某種方式
13:21
to the idea of obligation, or whatever you learned first.
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與義務的概念或您首先 學到的東西去相關聯。
13:25
But, there’s no connection.
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但是,那是沒有關聯的。
13:28
It’s just coincidence that you use the word ‘must’ in these three sentences.
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您在這三個句子裡運用 “must”這個單字只是一個巧合。
13:33
The meaning is completely different in each case.
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在每個事例裡的意思 是完全不同的。
13:36
There’s no connection except that the word is the same.
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除了單字是一樣 之外,沒有聯繫。
13:41
Now, let’s look at one more thing you should know about modal verbs.
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現在我們再看一件您要知道的 關於情態助動詞的事情。
13:47
What time are we supposed to be there?
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我們應該什麼時候到那裡?
13:49
Ten, I think, but I think we ought to aim to arrive at least fifteen minutes before.
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10點。我覺得,但是我覺得我們 應該盡量至少提前十五分鐘到達。
13:54
So, that means we have to leave here at… what?
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那麼,那意思是我們必須在…離開這裡, 什麼?
13:57
Nine?
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9點?
13:58
We’d better leave earlier, I think.
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我們最好是早點離開,我覺得。
14:00
There’s a metro strike tomorrow, so the traffic will be terrible.
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明天捷運要罷工,那麼 交通會是很恐怖的。
14:03
Are we going to drive, or take a taxi?
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我們開車去還是搭計程車去?
14:06
I’m not sure we’ll be able to find a taxi, so I think driving is best.
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我不確定我們會找到一部計程車, 所以我認為開車去最好。
14:11
In the dialogue, you heard several examples of semi-modal verbs.
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在對話裡,您聽到半情態 助動詞的幾個例子。
14:15
Do you know what these are?
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您知道那是什麼嗎?
14:19
Here are the sentences you heard.
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這裡是那些您聽到的句子。
14:23
So, what are semi-modal verbs?
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那麼,半情態助動詞是什麼?
14:27
Semi-modals have some of the features of modal verbs, but not all.
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半情態助動詞有一些情態助動詞的 特點,但不是全部。
14:32
Most importantly, semi-modal verbs do the same thing as modal verbs.
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最重要的是,半情態助動詞 擔當與情態助動詞一樣的工作。
14:37
They add information to other verbs.
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他們給其他動詞增加信息。
14:39
They can express many of the same ideas, like obligation or giving advice.
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他們可以表達很多相同的意思, 像是義務或提出建議。
14:44
They don’t follow all the grammar rules of regular modal verbs.
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他們並不追隨規則情態助動詞 的所有語法規則。
14:48
For example, ‘have to’ is a semi-modal, and you can use it in different tenses: it
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例如,“have to”是一個半情態助動詞, 您可以在不同的時態運用它:
14:53
has a past tense, ‘had to’; you can use it in the present perfect, ‘I have had to…’
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它有一個過去時態,“had to”;您可以在現在 時態運用它“I have had to…”
14:59
and so on.
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類似這樣。
15:01
Often, modals and semi-modals can be used with the same meaning.
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通常,情態助動詞和半情態助動詞 能運用在相同的意思。
15:06
Look at two sentences: ‘It’ll rain this afternoon.’
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看兩個句子:“It’ll rain this afternoon.”
15:10
‘It’s going to rain this afternoon.’
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“It’s going to rain this afternoon.”
15:14
Here, you use ‘going to’, which is a semi-modal, to express certainty, in the same way that
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這裡,您使用“going to”,它是一個 半情態助動詞,以與您使用“will”
15:20
you can use ‘will’.
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相同的方式來表達確定性。
15:22
It doesn’t matter which verb you use in this case.
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在此種情況下,您用哪一個 動詞沒有關係。
15:26
However, in some cases, semi-modal verbs have their own specific meaning.
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然而,在一些事例裡,半情態助動詞 有它們自己的特定意思。
15:32
For example, ‘supposed to’ is similar to ‘should’, but not the same.
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例如,“supposed to”與“should” 相似,但不完全一樣。
15:38
Look at two sentences: ‘We’re supposed to be there at ten.’
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看兩個句子:“We’re supposed to be there at ten.”
15:43
‘We should be there at ten.’
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”We should be there at ten.“
15:48
The basic meaning is similar, but not the same.
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基本含義是相似的, 但不完全一樣。
15:51
If you use ‘should’, you’re saying that *you* think this is important.
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如果您使用“should”,您在說 *您*認為這是重要的。
15:56
If you use ‘supposed to’, you mean that *other people* think that this is important.
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如果您使用“supposed to”,您的意思是 *其他人*認為這是重要的。
16:03
‘We’re supposed to be there at ten’, suggests that someone else has told you to
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“We’re supposed to be there at ten”, 意味著其他人告訴您
16:07
be there at ten, and maybe it’s not so important to you.
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10點會在哪裡。也許那對您 來說不重要。
16:12
Maybe you’re thinking at this point: how many semi-modal verbs are there?
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也許您在考慮這一點: 有多少個半情態助動詞?
16:17
Can you give us a list?
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您可以給我們一個清單嗎?
16:18
Not really, because it’s not entirely clear what makes something a semi-modal verb.
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不完全是這樣的,因為尚未完全清楚 一個半情態助動詞擔當的作用。
16:24
Many textbooks will say that ‘need’ or ‘dare’ are semi-modals, but they’re
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很多課本會說“need”或 “dare”是半情態助動詞,但是在現代英文裡
16:30
rarely used in this way in modern English.
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很少以這種方式來運用它們。
16:33
The most common semi-modals are all in the dialogue at the beginning of this section.
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最常見的半情態助動詞是在本單元開頭的 對話裡有的全部半情態助動詞。
16:38
If you understand how to use these six semi-modals, you are doing well!
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如果您理解了怎樣用這六個半情態助動詞, 您做得很好!
16:43
Finally, a question: which modal verb is most difficult for you to understand and use in
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最後,有一個問題:對您來說,英文裡, 哪一個情態助動詞是
16:49
English?
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最難懂和最難用的?
16:50
Why do you think that is?
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為什麼您那樣想?
16:52
Please share your thoughts in the comments!
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請在留言板上分享您的想法!
16:55
Thanks for watching!
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感謝觀看!
16:56
See you next time!
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下次見。
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