Basic English Grammar - Past Tense Questions

577,353 views ・ 2011-08-22

Learn English with Rebecca


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hi, I'm Rebecca from www.engvid.com and today we're going to have a grammar lesson on one
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, μ €λŠ” www.engvid.com의 Rebeccaμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였늘 μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
00:12
of the most common tenses where people make mistakes and that is the simple past tense.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ‹€μˆ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 μ‹œμ œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 문법 μˆ˜μ—…μ„ ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:19
I know there are a lot of tenses in English and it's not always easy to keep track of
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μ˜μ–΄μ—λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ‹œμ œκ°€ 있고 그것듀을 μΆ”μ ν•˜λŠ” 것이 항상 μ‰¬μš΄ 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ
00:25
them, but surprisingly the simple past tense is the tense that we use most often.
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λ†€λžκ²Œλ„ λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œκ°€ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μž₯ 자주 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
Usually we don't talk about what's happening now or what's going to happen in the future.
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일반적으둜 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 일 μ΄λ‚˜ λ―Έλž˜μ— 일어날 일에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:39
Usually we talk about what somebody did.
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보톡 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ ν•œ 일에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
So you use the past tense much more often than you actually realize.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신이 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κΉ¨λ‹«λŠ” 것보닀 훨씬 더 자주 κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
Now when you use the past tense, of course, there are three ways in which you'll be using
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ λ¬Όλ‘  μ„Έ 가지 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:53
it, right?
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. λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:54
You use it in a positive sentence, you use it in a negative sentence, and you use it
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긍정적인 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³ , 뢀정적인 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³ ,
01:00
in a question.
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μ˜λ¬Έλ¬Έμ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
So let's go over this because the focus of our lesson today is specifically on how to
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였늘 μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ μ΄ˆμ μ€ 특히 κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜λŠ” 방법에 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
ask questions in the past tense because what I have realized is that most students have
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μ œκ°€ 깨달은 것은 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 학생듀이
01:14
more difficulty with the questions than with any other aspect of English.
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μ˜μ–΄μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–΄λ–€ 츑면보닀 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— 더 어렀움이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
So let's focus just on that, okay?
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ κ·Έκ²ƒμ—λ§Œ μ§‘μ€‘ν•©μ‹œλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ?
01:23
So let's start with an example.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
The example is he worked yesterday, right?
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ κ·Έκ°€ μ–΄μ œ μΌν–ˆμž–μ•„μš”, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
01:31
He worked yesterday, past tense sentence, correct?
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ–΄μ œ μΌν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œ λ¬Έμž₯ 맞죠?
01:36
It's a positive sentence.
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긍정적인 λ¬Έμž₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
Now let's take this sentence, he worked yesterday, and make it negative.
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이제 이 λ¬Έμž₯을 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” μ–΄μ œ μΌν–ˆκ³  그것을 λΆ€μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
What would it be?
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무엇이 될까?
01:45
He didn't work yesterday, correct?
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ–΄μ œ μΌν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄, λ§žμ§€?
01:50
He didn't work yesterday, didn't, of course, is a contraction for the words did not.
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He n't work μ–΄μ œ, didn'tλŠ” λ¬Όλ‘  did not의 μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
Now let's come to what we are going to be studying today, which is the question form
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이제 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 였늘 곡뢀할 λ‚΄μš©μœΌλ‘œ κ°‘μ‹œλ‹€ . 그것은
02:03
of that sentence.
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κ·Έ λ¬Έμž₯의 μ˜λ¬Έλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
So what would be the question form?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 질문 ν˜•μ‹μ€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ κΉŒμš”?
02:07
If the positive sentence is he worked yesterday, the negative sentence is he didn't work yesterday,
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긍정적인 λ¬Έμž₯이 κ·Έκ°€ μ–΄μ œ μΌν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄ 뢀정적인 λ¬Έμž₯은 κ·Έκ°€ μ–΄μ œ μΌν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
the question will be this one, did he work yesterday, right?
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μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 이것이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” μ–΄μ œ μΌν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:23
Now what happens is that many students have a problem with the word did.
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이제 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일은 λ§Žμ€ 학생듀이 didλΌλŠ” 단어에 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
They either forget to use it or they are using it in the wrong way and then what happens
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그듀은 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ¦¬κ±°λ‚˜ 잘λͺ»λœ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그러면
02:35
is that people start saying things like you worked yesterday, he worked yesterday, he
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 당신이 μ–΄μ œ μΌν–ˆκ³ , κ·ΈλŠ” μ–΄μ œ μΌν–ˆκ³ , κ·ΈλŠ”
02:41
didn't work and all kinds of combinations, when actually all you have to do is remember
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μΌν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ , λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 쑰합이 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 당신이 가진 전뢀인데도 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ§ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. to doλŠ”
02:48
to use the word did, did is really important in the past tense because without did it's
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didλΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”. κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œλŠ” didκ°€ 정말 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:54
really hard to ask any questions correctly.
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.
02:57
So you need to use the word did, then you put the subject and last you put the verb
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ didλΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그런 λ‹€μŒ 주제λ₯Ό λ„£κ³  λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°λ³Έν˜•μ— 동사λ₯Ό λ„£μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:03
in the base form, the base form means the regular form of the verb, alright?
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. κΈ°λ³Έν˜•μ€ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μ •κ·œν˜•μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:10
So we have did he work yesterday, right?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ μ–΄μ œ 일을 ν–ˆ μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:15
You can see that the verb has come back, we don't say did he worked, we don't say he worked,
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동사가 λŒμ•„μ˜¨ 것을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ μΌν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έκ°€ μΌν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
we say did he work, alright?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ μΌν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
Let's take another example.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
So let's take another sentence first and run it through all three forms.
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그럼 λ¨Όμ € λ‹€λ₯Έ λ¬Έμž₯을 κ°€μ Έμ™€μ„œ μ„Έ 가지 ν˜•νƒœ λͺ¨λ‘λ₯Ό 톡해 μ‹€ν–‰ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
03:32
So the sentence was, let's take you went to the party yesterday, you went to the party
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ¬Έμž₯은, μ–΄μ œ νŒŒν‹°μ— κ°”λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. μ–΄μ œ νŒŒν‹°μ— κ°”λ‹€λ©΄
03:41
yesterday, how will you make it negative?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λΆ€μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€ κ±΄κ°€μš”?
03:45
You didn't go to the party and the question is did you go, alright, did you go?
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당신은 νŒŒν‹°μ— 가지 μ•Šμ•˜κ³  μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 당신이 κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:55
Let's take another one.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 것을 κ°€μ Έ κ°‘μ‹œλ‹€.
03:57
She finished her homework, negative, she didn't finish her homework, question, did she finish
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό λλƒˆμ–΄μš”, λΆ€μ •μ μ΄μ—μš”, κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό μ•ˆ λλƒˆμ–΄μš”, 질문, κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό λλƒˆλ‚˜μš”
04:08
her homework?
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?
04:09
Ok?
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μ’‹μ•„μš”?
04:10
Good.
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쒋은.
04:11
Let's take another example.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
They cleaned the room, they cleaned the room is the positive sentence, what's the negative
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They clean the room, they clean the room은 긍정문, 뢀정문은 What's the λΆ€μ •λ¬Έ
04:21
of that, they didn't clean the room and the question form will be did they clean the room,
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, they didn't clean the room 그리고 질문 ν˜•μ‹μ€ did they clean the room,
04:29
right?
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right?
04:30
Did they clean, alright?
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그듀은 μ²­μ†Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:33
So that's the most important thing that you need to remember that it's really quite simple
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04:38
to ask questions in the past tense, however if you are forgetting to use the word did
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κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜λŠ” 것은 맀우 κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, didλΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μžŠμ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄
04:43
then most likely you are making a mistake.
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μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό 저지λ₯Έ 것일 κ°€λŠ₯성이 ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
So just put this word in and it will make things a lot easier.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이 단어λ₯Ό μž…λ ₯ν•˜λ©΄ μž‘μ—…μ΄ 훨씬 μ‰¬μ›Œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
Now the other thing I wanted to point out to you is that all the words you see here
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이제 μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ μ§€μ ν•˜κ³  싢은 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ³΄λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  단어가 이 ꡬ쑰
04:59
can be used before this construction.
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이전에 μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:03
So you could say what did you do yesterday or where did you go yesterday, when did you
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 μ–΄μ œ 무엇을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λ˜λŠ” μ–΄μ œ 어디에 κ°”λŠ”μ§€, μ–Έμ œ
05:13
go, how did you go, who did you go with, how much did you pay, how long did you stay, alright?
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κ°”λŠ”μ§€, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°”λŠ”μ§€, λˆ„κ΅¬μ™€ κ°”λŠ”μ§€, μ–Όλ§ˆλ₯Ό μ§€λΆˆν–ˆλŠ”μ§€, μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ¨Έλ¬Όλ €λŠ”μ§€ 등을 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
So what do you see with all of these question words, you are putting them in this position
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이 λͺ¨λ“  질문 λ‹¨μ–΄μ—μ„œ 무엇을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 이전에 이 μœ„μΉ˜μ— λ°°μΉ˜ν•˜κ³ 
05:34
before did and the rest of the sentence stays exactly the same, the rest of the question.
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λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ λ¬Έμž₯은 μ •ν™•νžˆ λ™μΌν•˜κ²Œ μœ μ§€λ˜κ³  λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μœ μ§€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:43
So you can put these conveniently right before the word did.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것을 didλΌλŠ” 단어 λ°”λ‘œ μ•žμ— νŽΈλ¦¬ν•˜κ²Œ 놓을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
The same with certain expressions that we use, what color, what color dress did you
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” νŠΉμ • ν‘œν˜„λ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ–΄λ–€ 색, μ–΄λ–€ 색 λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό
05:56
buy, ok?
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μƒ€μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:58
So what color did you buy or what size did you buy, what kind of book do you like, what
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 무슨 색을 μƒ€λŠ”μ§€, μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬μ΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό μƒ€λŠ”μ§€, μ–΄λ–€ 책을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ”μ§€, μ–΄λ–€
06:10
flavor ice cream did you buy, alright?
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λ§›μ˜ μ•„μ΄μŠ€ν¬λ¦Όμ„ μƒ€λŠ”μ§€, μ•Œκ² μ–΄?
06:14
So you see that not only do the question words go before did but also these kind of expressions
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 질문 단어가 μ•žμ— 갔을 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
06:22
like what color, what size, what flavor, ok?
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μ–΄λ–€ 색, μ–΄λ–€ 크기, μ–΄λ–€ 맛과 같은 이런 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ ν‘œν˜„λ„ ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
And as long as you are doing that with the word did then you are asking questions correctly
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그리고 didλΌλŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λ‘œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” ν•œ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
in the past tense, alright?
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06:35
I hope I made it a little bit easier for you to understand this but if you'd like to have
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 이것을 쑰금 더 μ‰½κ²Œ 이해할 수 있기λ₯Ό λ°”λΌμ§€λ§Œ
06:41
a little more practice which is always helpful, please visit our website www.engvid.com and
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항상 도움이 λ˜λŠ” μ—°μŠ΅μ„ 쑰금 더 ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ 저희 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ www.engvid.com을 λ°©λ¬Έν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
06:49
there you'll find a quiz where you can practice this a lot until you get it right, ok?
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κ±°κΈ°μ—μ„œ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό 찾을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 될 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ 이것을 많이 μ—°μŠ΅ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ?
06:55
So all the best with that and bye for now, thanks for watching.
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그럼 λͺ¨λ‘ μ΅œμ„ μ„ λ‹€ν•˜κ³  μ•ˆλ…•νžˆ κ³„μ„Έμš”. μ‹œμ²­ν•΄ μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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