Upgrade Your Vocabulary: 6 ADVANCED ENGLISH VERBS

143,962 views ใƒป 2024-03-16

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi. I'm Rebecca from engVid. In this lesson,
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ engVid ใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒƒใ‚ซใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
00:03
you're going to learn six advanced verbs.
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6 ใคใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:06
You can use these verbs in conversation, in
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏไผš่ฉฑใ‚„
00:10
discussions, okay? And you can also use them
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ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ๆ›ธ้ขใง ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
00:14
in writing. You can use them for academic writing, professional writing, or just your
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ใ€‚ ๅญฆ่ก“็š„ใช ๆ–‡็ซ ใ€ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ˜ใชใ‚‹
00:20
personal writing, okay? Because they're just
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ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€
00:23
kind of more intelligent verbs that communicate
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00:26
certain ideas in a high... At a higher level,
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็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ ้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใงไผใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็Ÿฅ็š„ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
00:29
okay, of vocabulary. But the meaning is not
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’
00:32
hard to understand. The meaning is quite easy.
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็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:36
So, remember, you can also use these verbs
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€IELโ€‹โ€‹TS ใ‚„ TOEFL ใชใฉใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ฉฆ้จ“ใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:39
in exams if you're appearing for the IELTS or
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00:42
the TOEFL or anything like that. Certainly,
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ใ€‚ ็ขบใ‹ใซใ€
00:45
if you use any of this kind of vocabulary, it
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ใ“ใฎๆ‰‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใˆใฐ ใ€
00:48
will improve your score because it's higher
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ใƒใ‚คใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใชๅ˜่ชžใชใฎใงใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚ขใŒไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™
00:51
level vocabulary, okay? But don't be afraid.
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ใญใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:54
When I'm learning other languages, to me,
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ไป–ใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆใ€็Ÿฅใ‚‰
00:57
any word that I don't know is a new word and I
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ใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใฏใ™ในใฆ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
01:01
need to learn it. So, the same way in English,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅญฆใถๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
01:06
of course, first you learn the basic kind
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฏ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช็จฎ้กž
01:08
of verbs, but once you pass that basic level
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ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใฎๅŸบๆœฌใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’้ŽใŽใฆ
01:11
and you're at an intermediate or advanced
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ไธญ็ดšใพใŸใฏไธŠ็ดš
01:13
level, any new word is a new word and you're
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ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใฏใ™ในใฆ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใซใชใ‚Šใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใซ
01:16
going to learn it. So, it doesn't matter if it's
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้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅญฆใถใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒ
01:19
kind of considered advanced or intermediate,
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ไธŠ็ดšใจใฟใชใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ไธญ็ดšใจใฟใชใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใใ€
01:21
it's new to you, you can learn it, you can master it, and you can start to use it. So,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใ€ ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ—ใ€ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
01:27
let's see how to do that with these verbs today.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
01:29
Okay. So, the verbs are "to brace", "to emulate",
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ ใ€Œๅผทๅ›บใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็œŸไผผใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒๅซŒๆ‚ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ€
01:37
"to abhor", "to jeer", "to vacillate", and
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ใ€ใ€Œๅ˜ฒ็ฌ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๅ‹•ๆบใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใใ—ใฆ
01:44
"to implore". Now, you might have heard them
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ใ€Œๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—
01:48
before, you may not have, it's okay. One way
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ใ€่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ„ใšใ‚Œใซใ›ใ‚ˆ
01:51
or the other, I'm going to show you exactly what they mean and how we can use them with
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ใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’
01:56
lots of collocations and expressions, and also how to pronounce them, we'll practice
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ๅคšใใฎใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚„่กจ็พใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
02:02
that also. Alright. So, the first one, "to
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ใ€‚ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ 1ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ใ€Œ
02:06
brace for something". So, when you're bracing
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ
02:10
for something, you're getting ready for something
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ใ€
02:13
which is going to be difficult, a difficult
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ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใช
02:16
situation, a difficult context, okay? So, you
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็Šถๆณใ€ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใช ็Šถๆณใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
02:20
brace for it, you get ready. So, for example,
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ใใ‚Œใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅต
02:23
you need to brace for a storm, okay? If there's
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ใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใญใ€‚
02:27
a bad storm coming, you need to do certain
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ใฒใฉใ„ๅตใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:30
things to prepare for it, to get ready for it. But it's not just that you're getting
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
02:34
ready, like when you get ready to go out for
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ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅค•้ฃŸใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ
02:36
dinner, you're getting ready for something
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ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
02:39
difficult. That's the key part of this verb,
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ้‡่ฆใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
02:43
to brace for something. To brace for an attack,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:47
if there's going to be an attack of something
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ไฝ•ใ‹
02:51
or some people. You can brace for a hurricane,
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ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎๆ”ปๆ’ƒใŒใ‚ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€‚ ใƒใƒชใ‚ฑใƒผใƒณใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€
02:56
if there's going to be an accident, somebody
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ไบ‹ๆ•…ใŒ่ตทใใŸใ‚‰ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ
03:00
has to brace for the impact of that. Or brace
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ใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€
03:03
for unrest, any kind of violence, and so on.
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ไธๅฎ‰ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กž ใฎๆšดๅŠ›ใชใฉใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:07
Alright? So, you brace for that, you prepare
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‚™ใˆใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—
03:10
for that, you get ready for something difficult.
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ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใ“ใจใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
03:14
Alright, the next one. You ready? "To emulate".
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆฌกใ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€œใ‚’็”จๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็œŸไผผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใ€‚
03:20
Say it after me. "To emulate". So, basically,
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็งใฎๅพŒใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ็œŸไผผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ
03:26
"emulate" means to imitate, to copy, to try to be as good as something else. This is a
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ใ€Œใ‚จใƒŸใƒฅใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ€ใจใฏใ€ๆจกๅ€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
03:35
positive thing. You want to achieve something
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ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใŒ้”ๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆ
03:38
that you know that someone else has, and you
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03:41
would like to, your dream is, your hope is to be at that high level. It could be that
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ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅˆฐ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคขใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅธŒๆœ›ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆชใฎ็œŸไผผใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
03:47
you want to emulate your parents. Okay? Maybe
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
03:51
you want to emulate your father, you want
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็ˆถ่ฆชใ‚„
03:54
to emulate your mother. That's definitely
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ๆฏ่ฆชใฎ็œŸไผผใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ
03:57
possible. You could also want to emulate some
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ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
04:01
kind of an artist, could be a singer, a dancer,
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ๆญŒๆ‰‹ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใ€
04:05
someone who has a lot of talent, or a sportsman.
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ๆ‰่ƒฝใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใ€ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„้ธๆ‰‹ใชใฉใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ‚ขใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็œŸไผผใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:08
Okay? An athlete. You could also emulate not
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„้ธๆ‰‹ใ€‚
04:12
just people, but the behavior of those people,
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ไบบใ€…ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ ใใฎไบบใ€…ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•
04:17
or the qualities that certain people have. So, you can emulate behavior and qualities
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ใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎไบบใ€…ใŒๆŒใค็‰น่ณชใ‚’็œŸไผผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„่ณ‡่ณชใ‚‚ใ‚จใƒŸใƒฅใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใงใใพใ™
04:24
as well. Okay? So, you want to try to copy
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็œŸไผผใ—
04:27
them or imitate them, and try to rise to that
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ใŸใ‚Š็œŸไผผใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซ ใซไธŠใŒใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
04:31
higher level. Okay.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:34
Let's look at the next one. "To abhor". Say it after me. "Abhor". Okay? There's an "h"
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ๆฌกใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅซŒๆ‚ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅพŒใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅซŒๆ‚ชๆ„Ÿใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ“ใซใ€Œhใ€ใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
04:42
in there, which we do pronounce. So, "abhor"
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒ ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œabhorใ€ใฏ
04:46
basically is a fancy word that means to hate.
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ ๆ†Žใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๆดพๆ‰‹ใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:50
The opposite of love, hate. "To abhor violence".
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ๆ„›ใฎๅๅฏพใ€ ๆ†Žใ—ใฟใ€‚ ใ€ŒๆšดๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆ†Žใ‚€ใ“ใจใ€ใ€‚
04:54
Okay? Somebody who really believes in peace
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅนณๅ’Œใ‚’ๅฟƒใ‹ใ‚‰ไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏ
04:58
may also abhor violence.
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ๆšดๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅซŒใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:01
"To abhor spinach". Okay? Unfortunately, this
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ใ€Œใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใ‚’ๅฟŒใฟๅซŒใ†ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎ
05:05
poor vegetable gets a lot of negative publicity,
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ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใใ†ใช้‡Ž่œใฏ ๅคšใใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช่ฉ•ๅˆคใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
05:09
and some people, especially kids, sometimes
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ไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใ€ ็‰นใซๅญไพ›ใŸใกใฏใ€ใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใŒ
05:12
say that they abhor or hate spinach. All right?
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ๅคงๅซŒใ„ใ ใ€ ๅซŒใ„ใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ
05:16
So it could be something as simple as that. Some people abhor horror movies. They don't
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ˜็ด”ใชใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒ›ใƒฉใƒผๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’ๅซŒใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
05:22
like to feel scared and frightened. And they
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ๆๆ€–ใ‚„ๆๆ€–ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€
05:26
might also abhor the attitudes that some people
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ไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใŒ
05:30
have towards certain things. Okay? But basically,
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็‰นๅฎšใฎไบ‹ๆŸ„ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๆŒใคๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚’ๅซŒๆ‚ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ
05:35
"abhor" means what? To hate. Basically, what
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ใ€ŒๅซŒๆ‚ชๆ„Ÿใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅซŒใ„ใซใ€‚ ใใ‚‚ใใ‚‚
05:39
does "emulate" mean? To copy or to imitate.
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ใ€Œใ‚จใƒŸใƒฅใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ—ใŸใ‚Š็œŸไผผใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
05:42
And basically, what does "to brace for" mean?
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ใใ—ใฆๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ ใ€Œๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
05:45
It means to get ready for something tough and difficult. All right, let's look at the
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใ“ใจใธใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ๆฌกใฎ 3 ใคใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:53
next three. This one is "to jeer". Have you ever been to an event or a sports event or
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๅ˜ฒ็ฌ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใ‚„ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใ‚„ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ใใ“ใงใฏใ€
06:01
a concert where people were very unhappy with
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ไบบใ€…ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ ้žๅธธใซไธๆบ€ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
06:04
what was happening, and so they started to
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06:07
shout and boo, and they started going like
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ๅซใณๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ใƒ–ใƒผใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใ€
06:10
this, and they were going boo, boo, and they're
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ใƒ–ใƒผใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใƒ–ใƒผใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:13
making a lot of noise, and they're not happy.
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ใ™ใ”ใ้จ’ใ„ใงใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆบ€่ถณใ—ใฆใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:16
They're complaining, kind of. So that kind
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไธๅนณใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใช ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ็จฎใฎ
06:18
of complaining, when it's done by a lot of
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่‹ฆๆƒ…ใฏใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅคšๆ•ฐใฎไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
06:21
people, when it's done by a crowd, when it's
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ใ€ ็พค่ก†ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:23
done by an audience at an event, or by fans at a sports event, for example, that action
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ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎ่ฆณๅฎขใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใฎ่กŒ็‚บใฏ
06:31
is called "jeering". "To jeer". So it's like
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ใ€Œ้‡Žๆฌกใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้‡Žๆฌกใ‚’้ฃ›ใฐใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
06:35
to boo or to make noise to show that you're
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ใƒ–ใƒผใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใŸใ‚Š ้จ’ใ„ใ ใ‚Šใ—ใฆ
06:40
unhappy. You're unhappy with the performance,
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ไธๆบ€ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
06:43
maybe with a speaker. People don't like what
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใซไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไบบใ€…ใฏ
06:47
a speaker is saying, and sometimes they're not quiet. They don't just sit and listen.
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่ฌ›ๆผ”่€…ใฎ็™บ่จ€ใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ้™ใ‹ใซใงใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใ ๅบงใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:51
They start to make noise, they start to protest,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ้จ’ใŽๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ๆŠ—่ญฐใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€
06:55
they start to shout and make noises, and they
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ๅซใณใ€ ้จ’้Ÿณใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใ€
06:58
are jeering. Okay? So this is to jeer a speaker.
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้‡Žๆฌกใ‚’้ฃ›ใฐใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็™บ่จ€่€…ใ‚’ๅ˜ฒ็ฌ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:03
You could jeer another sports team. Okay?
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ไป–ใฎใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใƒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’้‡Žๆฌกใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:07
Because maybe they did something, or they
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ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
07:10
scored something, or they did something, and
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆ
07:12
the referee said, "Yes, we're going to give them a point", but the other fans are very
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ไธปๅฏฉใฏใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ็‚นใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไป–ใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใฏ้žๅธธใซ
07:16
unhappy, so they start jeering. Okay? And
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ไธๆบ€ใชใฎใงใ€ ้‡Žๆฌกใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€
07:19
you could also jeer... People sometimes jeer
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้‡Žๆฌกใ‚’้ฃ›ใฐใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™... ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€
07:22
a performer if they feel the performer is
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ใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒผใฎ
07:25
doing a very poor job, or something like that.
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ไป•ไบ‹ใŒ้žๅธธใซๆ‚ชใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใพใŸใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒผใ‚’้‡Žๆฌกใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:29
Okay? So that's the meaning of the word, "to jeer". All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒ ใ€Œๅ˜ฒ็ฌ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ
07:34
Next, "to vacillate". So, "to vacillate" means
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ๆฌกใซใ€Œ่ฟทใ†ใ“ใจใ€ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ่ฟทใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ใฃใกใซ
07:38
to go this way, and then that way, and you're
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่กŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ใฃใกใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€
07:43
not sure which way to go, so you are vacillating.
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ใฉใฃใกใซ ่กŒใ‘ใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฟทใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใญใ€‚
07:47
You're not sure which decision to make, so
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ใฉใฎ ๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ในใใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใšใ€่ฟทใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
07:50
you're vacillating. So you see with my hands
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ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ็งใฎๆ‰‹ใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€
07:53
that basically it means going this way, and
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏ ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€
07:57
then you go that way, you're not sure. Right?
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ใใฎๅพŒใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
08:01
So you could vacillate over an issue. Okay?
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ•้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฟทใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:05
You're not sure where you stand on this problem.
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ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:08
There's a social problem, there's a situation,
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็คพไผš็š„ใชๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็ŠถๆณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
08:12
and you're not sure what your opinion is exactly,
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใŒๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„
08:15
so you're vacillating. Okay? You could vacillate
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆบใ‚Œๅ‹•ใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚’ๅทกใฃใฆ่ฟทใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
08:19
over a decision. Okay? Should I take this
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใฏๅคงไผๆฅญใงๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ในใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
08:22
job with a large company? Should I take that
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๏ผŸ ไธญๅฐไผๆฅญใง ใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใในใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
08:25
job with a small company? I don't know. Should I
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? ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
08:27
live in the city? Should I live in the country?
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้ƒฝไผšใซไฝใ‚€ในใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็”ฐ่ˆŽใซไฝใ‚“ใ ใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:30
Should I get married? Should I not get married?
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็ตๅฉšใ™ในใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ็ตๅฉšใ—ใชใ„ใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:34
Whatever. Okay? "To vacillate". You could
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ไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ ่ฟทใ†ใ“ใจใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹
08:38
also vacillate not just over an issue, but between this and that. Okay? So those are
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ๅ•้กŒใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใจ ใ“ใ‚Œใจใฎ้–“ใงๆบใ‚Œๅ‹•ใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€
08:46
the different prepositions that you might use with the verb "to vacillate".
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto vacillateใ€ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
08:51
Next, "to implore". So "to implore" means to
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ๆฌกใซใ€Œๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ€Œๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€Œๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™
08:55
beg. If somebody says, "Please, please, please",
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ใ€‚ ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŒใŠ่“ๅญใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ€ŒใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎไบบใฏ
08:58
when a child is doing that because he wants you to buy him candy, then he's imploring.
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ๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:03
He's saying, "Please, please, please", right?
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ใ€ŒใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใฃใฆ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
09:06
So that's like begging, but another word for
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็‰ฉไนžใ„ใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใง่กจใ™ใจ
09:08
that is "to implore". It's the more formal word for that action. So you could implore
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ใ€Œๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่กจใ™ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃๅผใช ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
09:15
a leader to take a certain action or not to
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ใƒชใƒผใƒ€ใƒผใซ ็‰นๅฎšใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใพใŸใฏ
09:18
take a certain action. Basically, when you're
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
09:21
imploring, you're asking people to be able
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ๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ไบบใ€…ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
09:24
to do something or... Sorry. To do something
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ใ€‚
09:27
or not to do something, in effect. Right? You're saying, "Please do this" or "Please
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ไบ‹ๅฎŸไธŠใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ—ใชใ„ใ‹ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ
09:33
don't do that." You could be imploring someone
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไป–ใฎ ไบบใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
09:37
not to hurt someone else, or you could be
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ใ—ใ€
09:40
imploring someone to take the right steps
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09:43
to solve a problem. Okay? And you're usually
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ๅ•้กŒใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ‰‹้ †ใ‚’่ธใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้€šๅธธใ€
09:47
imploring... You're probably going to be imploring
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ๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใพใ™...ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใๆจฉๅจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใซ ๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:50
a person in authority. Okay? Like that, whether
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ่‰ฏใใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใใ‚‚ใใ‚“ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใงใ™
09:54
it's good or bad.
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ใ€‚
09:56
So, let's look at the pronunciation again.
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
10:03
"Implore", "vacillate", "jeer", "abhor", "emulate",
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ใ€Œๅ˜†้ก˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ‹•ๆบใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ ๅ˜ฒ็ฌ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒๅซŒๆ‚ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็œŸไผผใ‚‹ใ€ใ€
10:15
and "brace". All right? So, we've looked at the verbs, you've learned the meaning the
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ่บซๆง‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆ ใ€ๅˆใ‚ใฆๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใฎใง
10:22
first time around, now we're going to check
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ใ€ไปŠๅบฆใฏ
10:25
that. We've checked the pronunciation, we've
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใ€
10:28
looked at many ways in which we can use it
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10:30
in... With different kinds of vocabulary and
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช ็จฎ้กžใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ€
10:33
expressions and collocations. Now let's try a little quiz to see if you can choose the
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่กจ็พใ€ใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 6 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ ้ธๆŠžใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
10:38
right one from these six words. Ready? Let's get started.
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ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆ๏ผŸ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:43
Number one. So, what should you say? "The crowd vacillated the referee's decision."
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ไธ€็•ชใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ ่ฆณ่ก†ใฏไธปๅฏฉใฎๅˆคๅฎšใ‚’่ฟทใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€
10:50
or "The crowd jeered the referee's decision."
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œ่ฆณ่ก†ใฏ ไธปๅฏฉใฎๅˆคๅฎšใซ้‡Žๆฌกใ‚’้ฃ›ใฐใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
10:56
Which is the right verb? It should be "The
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹ ? ใ€Œ
11:01
crowd jeered the referee's decision." Right?
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่ฆณ่ก†ใŒ ไธปๅฏฉใฎๅˆคๅฎšใซ้‡Žๆฌกใ‚’้ฃ›ใฐใ—ใŸใ€ใจใชใ‚‹ใฏใšใ ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ€ใ‚’
11:06
Do you remember "jeer"? Like to boo, to say
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่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ ใƒ–ใƒผใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
11:11
no, no, no, whoa, make a lot of noise. All right? So, this is "to jeer". All right?
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ใƒŽใƒผใ€ใƒŽใƒผใ€ใƒŽใƒผใ€ใŠใฃใจใ€ๅคง้จ’ใŽใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ้‡Žๆฌกใ‚’้ฃ›ใฐใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ 2
11:19
Let's look at number two. "They braced for the
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็•ช็›ฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅน้›ชใซๅ‚™ใˆใŸ
11:24
snowstorm." or "They implored the snowstorm."
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๅน้›ชใ‚’ๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
11:30
Which is the right answer? "They braced for",
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„็ญ”ใˆใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹ ? ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใ€
11:34
okay? "They braced for the snowstorm" means
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ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅน้›ชใซๅ‚™ใˆใŸ ใ€ใจใฏ
11:39
what? They got ready, they got prepared for something difficult, which in this case was
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹? ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใ“ใจใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ
11:44
the snowstorm. "Implored" is not correct because
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ๅน้›ชใซๅ‚™ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ€ใฏ ๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:48
what does that mean? Like to beg, say please,
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹? ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™
11:51
please. No, they didn't beg the snowstorm, they got ready for the snowstorm, they got
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ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅน้›ชใ‚’ๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใŸใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ ๅน้›ชใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆ
11:57
prepared for it. And here, "The crowd booed
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œ่ฆณ่ก†ใฏ
12:00
the referee's decision." They didn't vacillate,
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ไธปๅฏฉใฎๅˆคๅฎšใซใƒ–ใƒผใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ใŸใ€ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใฃใกใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅ‹•ๆบใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
12:04
which means going this way and that way. Okay?
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:07
You can get these words. There are six words,
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ใ“ใ‚“ใช่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅ˜่ชžใฏ6ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€
12:10
you can get them.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:12
Number three. "She emulated the habits of successful people." or "She vacillated the
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ๆ•ฐ3ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใŸไบบใ€…ใฎ็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใ‚’็œŸไผผใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
12:21
habits of successful people." Which one is
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ๆˆๅŠŸ่€…ใฎ็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใ‚’ๆบใ‚‹ใŒใ—ใŸ ใ€ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒ
12:27
correct? "She emulated", okay? Remember "emulate"?
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็œŸไผผใ—ใŸใ€ใ€ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚จใƒŸใƒฅใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ€ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:34
To imitate, to copy, right? "She emulated the
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็œŸไผผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
12:38
habits of successful people." Not "vacillate",
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ๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใŸไบบใ€…ใฎ็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใ‚’็œŸไผผใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ€ ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚ŠๆฅใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ€Œvacillateใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
12:42
which means going back and forth. All right.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€‚
12:46
Number four. "He abhorred his job, so he resigned."
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4็•ช็›ฎใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅซŒใ„ใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€่พž่ทใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
12:51
or "He braced for his job, so he resigned."
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใฏไป•ไบ‹ใซๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ็ท ใ‚ใŸ ใฎใงใ€่พžไปปใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
12:58
Which word is correct? Which verb? It should be
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ใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:02
"he abhorred", right? Because what does it mean
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆ†Žๆ‚ชใ—ใŸใ€ใฏใšใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ ใฃใฆใ€
13:07
"he resigned"? It means he left his job. Okay?
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ่พžใ‚ใŸใ€ใฃใฆใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใŒ ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’่พžใ‚ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:10
He said, "No, I quit. I don't want to work here
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ๅฝผใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€่พžใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ† ใ“ใ“ใงๅƒใใŸใใชใ„ใงใ™
13:13
anymore." Why? Because he hated his job. All
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ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใชใœ๏ผŸ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ ๅฝผใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅซŒใ„ใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:17
right? So, "abhor", as we said, means hated.
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ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œabhorใ€ใจใฏใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ ่ฟฐในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅซŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
13:22
And "braced for" means to get ready, but he
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใŸใ€ใจใฏ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใŒใ€
13:25
didn't get ready for it because, in fact, he left.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅฝผใฏๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:28
All right? So, that was number four.
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ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ 4ไฝใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:32
Let's look now at number five. "They emulated
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ๆฌกใซใ€5 ็•ช็›ฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ฆ–็›ธใ‚’่ฆ‹็ฟ’ใฃใฆ
13:36
the Prime Minister to change his policy."
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ๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใŸใ€‚ใ€
13:41
or "They implored the Prime Minister to change his policy." Which word is correct?
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ฆ–็›ธใซๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ€ ใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:54
"They implored", okay? They begged him. They said, "Please change your policy."
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใซๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ–น้‡ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:59
All right? "Emulate" means to copy or imitate,
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ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚จใƒŸใƒฅใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ€ใจใฏใ€ ๆจกๅ€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ๆจกๅ€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใช
14:02
so that word does not make sense there,
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ใฎใงใ€ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ใชใ•ใชใ„ใŒใ€
14:05
but they pleaded with him. They said, "Please
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใซๆ‡‡้ก˜ใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
14:08
change your policy." All right? That was correct
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ๆ–น้‡ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใงๆญฃ่งฃใงใ—ใŸ
14:11
for that one. Let's look at the last one we have here. "She vacillated between staying
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็•™ใพใ‚‹ใ‹ๅŽปใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎ้–“ใงๆบใ‚Œๅ‹•ใ„ใŸ
14:17
and leaving." or "She braced between staying
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ็•™ใพใ‚‹ใ‹ๅŽปใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎ้–“ใง่ฆšๆ‚Ÿใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใŸ
14:21
and leaving." Which one is correct here?
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงๆญฃใ—ใ„ใฎใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹?
14:29
"She vacillated." Okay? As we've said many
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ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅ‹•ๆบใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:31
times as we were looking at these exercises,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆผ”็ฟ’ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
14:33
to vacillate means to change your mind, go this
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่ฟทใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ๅฟƒใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฌกใฏใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใซ
14:37
way and then that way, and then go this way and
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใฃใกใซ ่กŒใฃใฆใ€
14:40
that way. Right? "She vacillated between staying
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ใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ็•™ใพใ‚‹ใ‹ๅŽปใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎ้–“ใงๆบใ‚Œๅ‹•ใ„ใŸ
14:43
and leaving." First, she thought she should stay,
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ใ€‚ใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฏใ“ใ“ใซ ็•™ใพใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใ€
14:46
then she thought she should leave, and back and
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ๆฌกใซ ๅŽปใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‚ŠๆฅใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
14:49
forth. All right? And that means to vacillate.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆ ใใ‚Œใฏๆบใ‚Œๅ‹•ใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:53
So, these are six advanced level verbs that I
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ไปฅไธŠใŒใ€
14:56
hope you'll be able to use in your conversation,
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ไผš่ฉฑใ€
14:59
in your discussions, in your writing, and so on.
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ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ ๆ–‡็ซ ใชใฉใงไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ 6 ใคใฎไธŠ็ดšใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใฎ
15:03
And a good way to do that is to take one or two
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่‰ฏใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ไปŠใ™ใ 1 ใคใพใŸใฏ 2 ใคใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๆ–‡ใ‚’
15:06
of them right now and see if you can write some
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆ›ธใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™
15:09
sample sentences of your own. Think about something
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ้€šใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
15:13
that makes sense using these verbs. The sooner
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ใ€‚ ๆ—ฉใ
15:15
you use them, the more likely you are to use them
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€ๅ†ๅบฆ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™
15:18
again. If you let a lot of time go by, you may not
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ใ€‚ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใจใ€
15:21
use them, you may forget them. So, do something
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ไฝฟใ‚ใชใใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
15:24
soon to lock them in so you can remember them and
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ™ใใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ›บๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆŽช็ฝฎใ‚’่ฌ›ใ˜ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
15:27
improve your vocabulary. And if you're... Again,
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ... ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
15:30
if you're appearing for the IELTS or the TOEFL
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IELTSใ€TOEFLใ€
15:33
or any kind of exam, or even in... If you're in
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ใพใŸใฏใใฎไป–ใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ...
15:36
academic life, then a lot of these words will come in very, very useful. All right?
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ๅคงๅญฆ็”Ÿๆดปใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ ๅ…ฅใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—๏ผŸ
15:42
So, if you'd like to do a quiz on this, please
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
15:46
go to our website at www.engvid.com. There,
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ๅฝ“็คพใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ (www.engvid.com) ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใฏใ€
15:49
you can do the quiz and you can look at hundreds
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ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซ็ญ”ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅฝ“็คพใŒๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎ ไฝ•็™พใ‚‚ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
15:53
of other videos that we have available for you.
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ใ€‚
15:56
Okay? Thanks very much for watching. Don't forget
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใšใซ
15:59
to subscribe, and all the best with your English.
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่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:02
Bye for now.
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ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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