Learn English Tenses: Introduction to Perfect Tenses

241,162 views ใƒป 2020-08-10

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
In this video, I'm going to give you an overview of the advanced tenses in English.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎๆฆ‚่ฆใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:06
Now, if you've been following our www.engvid.com series on English tenses, you may have already
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ www.engvid.com ใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ™ใงใซใ“ใฎๆŽฒ็คบๆฟใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:12
seen this board.
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ใ€‚
00:14
And then, you will know that here, we have all twelve of the active tenses in English.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎ 12 ใฎใ™ในใฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:20
Probably, if you're watching this lesson, you have already learned the basic tenses,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œ ใฐใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ 6 ใคใฎๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ใ™ใงใซๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใš
00:27
the first six.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:28
Now, you're ready to move on to the advanced tenses, which are the perfect tenses.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จๆ™‚ๅˆถใงใ‚ใ‚‹้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒๆ•ดใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถ
00:35
And it doesn't matter if you know the names of these tenses or not, or if you understand
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ใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
00:41
the examples that I'm going to read in a second, but as we go along, you will learn each one,
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็งใŒใ™ใใซ่ชญใ‚€ไพ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃ
00:47
step by step.
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:48
How to use it, when to use it, just like you did up here.
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ„ใคไฝฟใ†ใ‹ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใพใงใ‚„ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
00:53
But let's get a quick idea of what's coming up.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†ใ€‚
00:56
So here, we will learn present perfect, present perfect continuous, past perfect, past perfect
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใ€็พๅœจ ๅฎŒไบ†็ถ™็ถšใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†
01:06
continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous.
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็ถ™็ถšใ€ๆœชๆฅๅฎŒไบ†ใ€ๆœชๆฅๅฎŒไบ† ็ถ™็ถšใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚
01:13
What do you notice?
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ไฝ•ใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸ๏ผŸ
01:14
Okay, again, we have a pattern.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:17
We have the perfect and then we have the continuous form of it, alright?
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็งใŸใกใซใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใฎ็ถ™็ถš็š„ใช ๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:21
So, now let's look at a little example of each one.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
01:26
I have worked - I have been working.
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็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ - ็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:31
I had worked - I had been working.
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็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ - ็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:36
I will have worked - I will have been working.
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็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† - ็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:41
Yes, believe it or not, by the end of this program, you will understand and be able to
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใงใซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใ€ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
01:47
use tenses like this.
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
That will help you not only to express yourself more effectively - whether it's for academic
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใซ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ขใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใช
01:55
purposes or in a business context, or just in general English, but also to understand
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็›ฎ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจ ใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ™‚ๅˆถ
02:00
exactly what people mean when they're using these different tenses around you, okay?
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไบบใ€…ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ .
02:06
Now, the best part is that many of the rules that you learned up here, with the basic tenses,
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ใ“ใ“ใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๅŸบๆœฌๆ™‚ๅˆถใงๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใƒซใƒผใƒซใฎๅคšใใŒ
02:13
will help you when you learn the advanced tenses.
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ใ€้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ๅญฆใถใจใใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:16
Because you'll see, there are continuous forms throughout.
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅ…จไฝ“ใซ้€ฃ็ถšใ—ใŸใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:20
For example - and also here, many of the verb forms are the same.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ ๅฝขใฎๅคšใใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:25
What is a little bit different is that here, we will be using the verb, the helping verb
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ๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ ใงใฏๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉž
02:31
"to have", and here, the helping verb "to have" + the helping verb "to be" in a special
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ใ€Œto haveใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto haveใ€+ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใ‚’็‰นๅˆฅใช
02:38
way, which you will learn.
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ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚
02:40
So, don't worry about anything.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:42
We're going to go forward, step by step, and all you have to do now is go on to watch the
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ไธ€ๆญฉไธ€ๆญฉๅ‰้€ฒใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใจ
02:47
next video in this series, which is on the present perfect tense.
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ใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎใ“ใฎใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บใฎๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ ใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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