13 Uses of 'THE' - Articles (a, an, the) - Lesson 2 - English Grammar

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome back.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:02
This is lesson two of my series on
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฐ•์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:04
articles.
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.
00:05
If you havenโ€™t seen the first lesson, you
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:07
will find the link to the full playlist below.
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์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ์ „์ฒด ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ชฉ๋ก ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
Alright, in this lesson, I will show you 13 uses of
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์ž, ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๊ด€์‚ฌ 'the' ์˜ 13๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
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the definite article โ€“ โ€˜theโ€™.
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.
00:15
As always, thereโ€™s a quiz at the end to test
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—๋Š” ์ดํ•ด๋„๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:18
your understanding.
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.
00:20
Use number one is something we discussed in
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜์—… ์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:23
the previous lesson.
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.
00:24
This is also the most important
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ
00:26
use.
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์šฉ๋„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์—
00:27
Use 'the' to talk about a person or thing known to
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”
00:31
your listener.
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.
00:32
For example, "Julie has a nine-year-old son.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "์ค„๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” 9์‚ด ๋‚œ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
The boy wants to be an astronaut."
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๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…„์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:38
Here, I first say 'a nine-year old son' because
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋จผ์ € ' ์•„ํ™‰ ์‚ด ๋œ ์•„๋“ค'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:41
you don't know him yet.
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.
00:43
But once I have introduced him in the sentence, I
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ ํ›„์—๋Š”
00:46
then say 'The boy' because he is now known to you.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— '์†Œ๋…„'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Here's another example: "Can you answer the
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
00:52
phone?"
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?"
00:53
If I say this to you, then there's probably
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
00:55
a phone ringing somewhere.
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์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์šธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
So the phone is already known to you, and I say
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”
01:00
'the phone'.
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'์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
And finally, "This is the watch that my sister gave
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์ด
01:05
me for my birthday."
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๋‚ด ์ƒ์ผ์— ์ค€ ์‹œ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:07
This example is a little
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„
01:08
different because if I stop with "This is the
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๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "This is the
01:11
watch" - you will be confused because you don't
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watch"๋กœ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:15
know the watch.
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.
01:16
But then if I give you more
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:18
information about the watch - it's the watch
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋” ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
01:21
that my sister gave me for my birthday - so that way
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์ œ ๋™์ƒ์ด ์ œ ์ƒ์ผ์— ์ค€ ์‹œ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
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it becomes known to you.
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.
01:27
Let's now move on to use number two: use 'the' with
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์ด์ œ 2๋ฒˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
unique things โ€“ that is, where there is only one of
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์ฆ‰, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
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something.
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01:36
For example, we say โ€˜the sunโ€™ (because
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํƒœ์–‘'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(
01:38
thereโ€™s only one sun).
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ํƒœ์–‘์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค).
01:40
Similarly, โ€˜the moonโ€™, โ€˜the skyโ€™, โ€˜the worldโ€™,
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ '๋‹ฌ', 'ํ•˜๋Š˜', '์„ธ๊ณ„',
01:43
โ€˜the universeโ€™ and so on.
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'์šฐ์ฃผ' ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ.
01:46
Here are a couple of sentences: "Everyone knows
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "
01:49
that the sun rises in the east."
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ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋œฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
01:51
and "Rahul has traveled all over the
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "Rahul์€ ์ „
01:54
world."
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:55
Some other things we consider unique are โ€˜the
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ '
01:58
governmentโ€™, 'the police', 'the Internet' and so on.
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์ •๋ถ€', '๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ', '์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท' ๋“ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
As in these sentences: โ€œThe police are
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ: โ€œ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋™๋„ค
02:04
investigating a murder in our neighborhood.โ€
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์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์‚ด์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .โ€
02:07
and โ€œAlmost everybody uses the
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:09
Internet today.โ€
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."
02:11
OK the next use is with some words referring to
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๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž์—ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:14
nature or the environment in a general way.
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.
02:18
These are words such as the
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02:19
countryside (which means rural or village areas),
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์‹œ๊ณจ( ์‹œ๊ณจ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•จ),
02:23
the town, the mountains, the weather etc.
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๋งˆ์„, ์‚ฐ, ๋‚ ์”จ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
02:26
For example, "My son enjoys
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋“ค์€
02:28
spending time in the countryside."
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์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
02:31
It means my son likes to spend time
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์•„๋“ค์ด
02:34
relaxing in rural areas.
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์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
Here are a couple more sentences: "We're going to
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ช‡ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ
02:38
take a trip to the mountains."
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์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
02:41
and "I love the weather in Los
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋กœ์Šค ์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค์˜ ๋‚ ์”จ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:43
Angeles."
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."
02:44
Use number four is talking about objects of common
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์‚ฌ์šฉ 4๋ฒˆ์€ ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:48
experience like in the expressions that you see
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02:50
on the screen.
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.
02:52
We say that these are objects of
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:53
common experience because we all experience these in
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02:57
our lives.
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.
02:59
Have a look at this example: "I met an
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค . "์–ด์ œ ๊ณต์›
03:01
interesting man at the park yesterday."
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์—์„œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
03:04
You may not know which park but it
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ณต์›์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:06
doesn't matter - the park is common experience.
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์ƒ๊ด€์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต์›์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
In the same way "Did you read the newspaper this
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ " ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
03:13
morning?"
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?"
03:14
I don't care which newspaper you read,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
I just want to know if read one today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Here's another example: "Darren
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Darren์€ ์ƒค์›Œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:22
likes to sing in the shower."
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๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
03:24
We also use 'the ' with some types of media
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด
03:27
(including the word 'media' itself) and also
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(๋‹จ์–ด '๋ฏธ๋””์–ด' ์ž์ฒด ํฌํ•จ) ๋ฐ
03:31
forms of entertainment.
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์—”ํ„ฐํ…Œ์ธ๋จผํŠธ ํ˜•์‹๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
For example, "I don't listen to the radio a lot
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๋‚˜๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค
03:35
these days."
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."
03:36
or โ€œPooja is at the movies with her
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๋˜๋Š” โ€œPooja is at the movies with her
03:39
friends."
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friends."
03:40
Note that 'at the movies' means at a
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'at the movies'๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:43
movie theatre.
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.
03:44
But it's important to note that TV doesn't work this
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ TV๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:48
way.
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. ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ TV์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
03:49
You can use 'the' with TV if you mean a
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'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
03:51
television set.
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03:53
Like "Will you help me move the TV?"
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" TV ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋„์™€์ค„๋ž˜?"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด
03:56
But if you mean television as a medium, then you say
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์ฒด๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "์˜ค๋Š˜ TV์—์„œ
03:59
'on TV' - as in "I saw a documentary on TV today."
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๋‹คํ๋ฉ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ดค์–ด์š”"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'on TV'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '
04:04
Not 'on the TV'.
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TV์—์„œ'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
04:05
It's just a crazy rule in English.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
Let's move on to use number five now.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆซ์ž 5๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œํ˜„์—๋Š”
04:11
Use 'the' with some time
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'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:12
expressions.
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04:13
You see these on the screen - we always
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ํ™”๋ฉด์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
use 'the' in these expressions.
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:18
For example, "Kids hate getting up early in the
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"Kids hate ์•„์นจ ์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜
04:21
morning.", "A friend of mine got married the day
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.", "์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ์–ด
04:24
before yesterday."
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.", "
04:26
and "We love to go swimming in the
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์— ์ˆ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด
04:28
summer."
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."
04:29
We also say โ€˜the pastโ€™, โ€˜the presentโ€™ and โ€˜the
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ '๊ณผ๊ฑฐ', ' ํ˜„์žฌ', '
04:32
futureโ€™ probably because there's only one past,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜'๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ' ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ,
04:36
present and future.
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ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฟ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
Like in this sentence: "We must
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:38
learn our lessons from the past and work towards the
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:41
future."
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." '
04:42
'The' is also found in time expressions like โ€˜the
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The'๋Š”
04:46
eighteenth centuryโ€™, 'the 1960s' (or simply 'the
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'18์„ธ๊ธฐ', ''์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œํ˜„์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 19 60๋…„๋Œ€'(๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ
04:50
60s') and so on.
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'60๋…„๋Œ€') ๋“ฑ.
04:51
For example, "This house was
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "์ด ์ง‘์€ 60๋…„๋Œ€
04:53
built by my grandfather in the sixties."
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์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ˆ์–ด์š” ."
04:57
Now you have to be a little careful with time
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ด€์‚ฌ ์—†์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:59
expressions because there are many that should be
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05:02
used without articles.
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.
05:04
You see some of these on the
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์ด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:06
screen.
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. ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์—
05:07
We will discuss these more in the next
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05:09
lesson when we talk about where to use no article.
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:13
The next use is superlative forms.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์šฉ๋„๋Š” ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
These are expressions like โ€˜the
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'
05:18
bestโ€™, โ€˜the worstโ€™, โ€˜the biggestโ€™, โ€˜the smallestโ€™
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์ตœ๊ณ ', '์ตœ์•…', ' ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๋‹ค', '๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘๋‹ค'
05:21
and so on.
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๋“ฑ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
For example, "Mrs. Benson is the best
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๋ฒค์Šจ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€
05:24
teacher I've ever had.", "Liechtenstein is one of
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "๋ฆฌํžˆํ…์Šˆํƒ€์ธ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:28
the smallest countries in the world."
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."
05:30
and "In my opinion, family is the
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์ธ์ƒ
05:33
most important thing in life."
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์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
05:36
Remember that these are all fixed โ€“ you must
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:38
use โ€˜theโ€™ in all superlative forms.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์‹์—๋Š” 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:42
Alright, here's use number seven.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 7๋ฒˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:44
Use 'the' with words such as 'first',
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'the'๋Š” 'first',
05:47
'second', 'third', 'previous', 'next' and so
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'second', 'third', 'previous', 'next' ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
05:49
on when they are used as adjectives.
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๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:52
That means we put 'the' when these words appear
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์ฆ‰, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ 'the'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:56
before a noun.
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.
05:57
For example, "Neil Armstrong
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๋‹ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ์€
05:59
was the first person to walk on the moon.", "When
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๋‹ฌ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์€ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "
06:03
is the next presidential election?", "Hurry up or
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?", "์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
06:07
you're going to miss the last bus."
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๋ง‰์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋†“์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:09
"Is it important for friends to
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" ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
06:12
have the same interests?".
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?".
06:14
"Rachel is the only one here who has a driver's
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"๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ์€ ์šด์ „ ๋ฉดํ—ˆ์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:18
license."
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."
06:19
But remember that when any of these words are not
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€
06:22
adjectives, that is they don't come before a noun,
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ฆ‰ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:26
we normally don't use 'the'.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:29
Like in these sentences: โ€œHabib came
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ: "ํ•˜๋น„๋ธŒ๊ฐ€
06:31
third in the race.โ€
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๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์—์„œ 3๋“ฑ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:33
โ€“ thereโ€™s no โ€˜theโ€™ before
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โ€“ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'three' ์•ž์— 'the'๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:34
โ€˜thirdโ€™ because itโ€™s not modifying a noun, and โ€œI
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "I
06:39
only have four cookies leftโ€ โ€“ โ€˜onlyโ€™ is an
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only have four cookies left" โ€“ 'only'๋Š”
06:42
adverb here, so no โ€˜theโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'the'๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
Use number eight is with names of musical
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์—ฌ๋Ÿ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์•…๊ธฐ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:48
instruments.
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.
06:49
We say โ€˜the guitarโ€™, โ€˜the violinโ€™,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ' ๊ธฐํƒ€', '๋ฐ”์ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ', '
06:51
โ€˜the pianoโ€™, 'the saxophone' and so on.
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ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ', ' ์ƒ‰์†Œํฐ' ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
For example, "Heidi plays the
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "ํ•˜์ด๋””๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:57
guitar."
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."
06:58
or "Is the violin easy to learn?"
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๋˜๋Š” "๋ฐ”์ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด๊ฐ€์š”?"
07:01
So remember to put 'the'
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•…๊ธฐ ์ด๋ฆ„ ์•ž์— 'the'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:02
before names of musical instruments.
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.
07:05
In the same way, to talk about scientific
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผํ•™์ 
07:08
inventions, we often use โ€˜theโ€™.
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๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
For example, โ€œThe telephone was invented by
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, " ์ „ํ™”๋Š” Alexander Graham Bell์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:13
Alexander Graham Bell.โ€ and โ€œSome say that the
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." ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด 20์„ธ๊ธฐ
07:16
Internet is the most important invention of the
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์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:19
20th century.โ€
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."
07:21
The next use of โ€˜theโ€™ is when we talk about body
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'the'์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:24
parts.
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.
07:25
Now, usually we just use possessive forms
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์ž, ๋ณดํ†ต ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
07:27
like my, your, his, her etc. with these.
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my, your, his, her ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
For example: โ€œShe held my hand
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์˜ˆ: "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด ์†์„ ์žก๊ณ 
07:34
and told me she loved me.โ€
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:36
But when we want to talk about something bad
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:38
happening to a body part, we use โ€˜the โ€™: โ€œThe
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์‹ ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:41
suspect was shot in the back while running from
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07:44
the police.โ€
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.
07:45
Notice I didnโ€™t say โ€˜in his backโ€™,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ์˜ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
07:48
I said โ€˜in the back.โ€™
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'๋“ฑ์—์„œ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:49
Similarly, โ€œI was standing by the side of the road
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธธ๊ฐ€์— ์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:53
and a tennis ball hit me in the eye.โ€
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ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๊ณต์ด ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋งž์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
07:55
So we can say in the eye, on the nose,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์—, ์ฝ”์—,
07:58
on the head, in the stomach, in the arm, in
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—, ๋ฐฐ์—, ํŒ”์—,
08:01
the leg etc.
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๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
Use number eleven is referring to place names.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ˆซ์ž 11์€ ์ง€๋ช…์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
Now, normally, we use NO ARTICLE when we refer to
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์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ NO ARTICLE์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:10
names of places.
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.
08:12
We say Canada, India, South
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค, ์ธ๋„,
08:15
Africa, Paris, New Delhi, San Francisco and so on.
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๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด, ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ, ๋‰ด๋ธ๋ฆฌ, ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ” ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
As in these sentences: "I'm going to Canada on a
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด: "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ์ถœ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ๊ฐˆ๊ฑฐ์•ผ
08:21
business trip next week."
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."
08:23
or "Vincent lives in New Delhi."
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๋˜๋Š” "Vincent๋Š” ๋‰ด๋ธ๋ฆฌ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
08:26
But some places have 'the' as part of the name.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์žฅ์†Œ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ 'the'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:31
These can be countries like the
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08:32
United States or the Netherlands, or it can be
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ค‘๋™
08:35
regions such as the Middle East or the Baltics.
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์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐœํŠธํ•ด ์—ฐ์•ˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
In these cases, you have to
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
08:40
put 'the' in their names.
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์ด๋ฆ„์— 'the'๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ
08:43
There are many other place names that have 'the' in
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์™ธ์—๋„ 'the'๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€๋ช…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:46
them.
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. ํ™”๋ฉด
08:47
You see a list on your screen.
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์— ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:50
So with names of seas and oceans,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์™€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค,
08:52
rivers, mountain ranges, island groups and deserts,
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๊ฐ•, ์‚ฐ๋งฅ, ์„ฌ, ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์—๋Š”
08:56
we use 'the'.
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'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
This is also true for names of certain
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์ด๋Š”
09:00
types of buildings like hotels, theaters and
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ํ˜ธํ…”, ๊ทน์žฅ,
09:03
museums.
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๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ด๋ฆ„์—๋„ ํ•ด๋‹น๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
If you want, stop the video and have a look
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์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ 
09:06
at these.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:11
Here are some examples: "Oman is a country in the
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์˜ค๋งŒ์€ ์ค‘๋™์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:14
Middle East."
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." '
09:16
You see that there's no 'the' before
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09:18
'Oman' but we say 'the Middle East.โ€™, "The Alps
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์˜ค๋งŒ' ์•ž์— '๋”'๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ' ์ค‘๋™'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•Œํ”„์Šค๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ
09:22
are the largest mountain range in Europe.โ€, โ€œWe
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .", "์ €๋ฒˆ ์‹ฑ๊ฐ€ํฌ๋ฅด ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ๋•Œ
09:26
stayed at the Ritz Carlton hotel on our last visit to
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๋ฆฌ์ธ  ์นผํŠผ ํ˜ธํ…”์— ๋ฌต์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:29
Singapore.โ€
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. โ€
09:30
and โ€œCan you get us tickets to the
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "
09:32
concert at the Sydney Opera House this weekend?โ€
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง ์‹œ๋“œ๋‹ˆ ์˜คํŽ˜๋ผ ํ•˜์šฐ์Šค์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ ํ‹ฐ์ผ“์„ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
09:36
Let's move on to use number twelve - this is
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ˆซ์ž 12๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
09:38
using 'the' with family names.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ด๋ฆ„์— 'the'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:41
Now if you watched the previous lesson, you
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์ด์ œ ์ด์ „ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์—๋Š” 'the'๋ฅผ
09:43
know that we don't use 'the' with names of
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:46
people.
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.
09:47
However, this is an exception.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
We use 'the' + a family name in the
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'the' + ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
09:53
plural form to refer to the family as a single
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋‹จ์ผ
09:56
group.
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๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
09:57
For example, "We live next door to the Smiths -
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, "We live next door to the Smiths -
10:00
they're great neighbors!"
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They're great neighbor!"
10:02
This means, the family name is "Smith" - they
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์ฆ‰, ์„ฑ์ด "Smith"๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " - ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ค‘์—
10:05
might have "John Smith", "Mary Smith" and so on in
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"John Smith", "Mary Smith" ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:08
the family.
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.
10:10
But we make the family name plural to
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:12
refer to the entire family.
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.
10:15
Here's another example: "The Garcias have
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "The Garcias๋Š”
10:18
invited us to go on a picnic with them this
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†Œํ’์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
10:21
weekend."
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."
10:22
Here, what's the family name?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ์„ฑ์ด ๋ญ์ฃ ?
10:24
It's 'Garcia' - when we make it plural,
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'Garcia'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋Š”
10:28
we say 'the Garcias'.โ€ƒ
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'the Garcias'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
10:29
Alright, letโ€™s now turn to our final use of โ€˜theโ€™ โ€“
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์ž, ์ด์ œ 'the'์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ์šฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
this is using word โ€˜theโ€™ to generalize, meaning to
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the' ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
10:37
refer to people or things generally.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:40
We normally do this with โ€˜theโ€™ + a
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 'the' + ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”
10:43
singular countable noun that represents a group.
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
10:46
For example, โ€œThe small business owner faces more
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๋“ค์–ด, โ€œThe small business owner face m
10:50
competition today than ever before.โ€
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ด‘์„ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋А ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์น˜์—ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
10:52
Here, Iโ€™m not referring to a
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
10:55
specific business owner but small business owners
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ํŠน์ • ์ž์˜์—…์ž๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์†Œ์ƒ๊ณต์ธ
10:58
generally.
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์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ,
10:59
In fact I could say โ€œSmall business owners
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์‚ฌ์‹ค โ€œ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์†Œ์ƒ๊ณต์ธ์€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋А ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค
11:02
face more competition today than ever before.โ€
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์น˜์—ดํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ๋‹ค โ€๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
โ€“ it has the same meaning.
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โ€“ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
Hereโ€™s another example โ€“ โ€œThe blue whale is the
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ โ€œ๋Œ€์™•๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š”
11:10
largest animal on the planet.โ€
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .โ€
11:12
I could also say โ€œBlue whales are the
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"๋Œ€์™•๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š”
11:15
largest animals on the planet.โ€
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ +๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
11:17
Itโ€™s also very common to use the + an adjective to
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๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:21
refer to a group.
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.
11:23
We do this commonly in these
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:25
expressions: the rich, the poor, the unemployed, the
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: ๋ถ€์ž, ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‹ค์—…์ž,
11:28
elderly etc.
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๋…ธ์ธ ๋“ฑ.
11:30
The meaning is โ€˜rich peopleโ€™, โ€˜poor
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์˜๋ฏธ ๋Š” '๋ถ€์ž', '๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ
11:32
peopleโ€™, โ€˜unemployed peopleโ€™, โ€˜elderly peopleโ€™
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ', ' ์‹ค์ง์ž', '๋…ธ์ธ'
11:35
and so on.
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๋“ฑ
11:36
Hereโ€™s an example sentence: โ€œMany people say
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์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:39
that the government must create more job
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11:42
opportunities for the unemployed.โ€
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.
11:44
meaning โ€˜for unemployed peopleโ€™.
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' ์‹ค์—…์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”๋ฉด์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ตญ์ ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•  ๋•Œ๋„
11:47
We also use the same form to refer to certain
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:50
nationalities that you see on the screen.
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
11:53
For example, โ€œThe Japanese are
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"์ผ๋ณธ์ธ์€
11:55
very polite people.โ€
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๋งค์šฐ ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:57
Notice here that when I say โ€˜the Japaneseโ€™, Iโ€™m
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ '์ผ๋ณธ์ธ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
12:00
referring to the Japanese people, not the Japanese
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12:04
language.
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์ผ๋ณธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ผ๋ณธ์ธ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š”
12:05
Itโ€™s the same thing with all the other
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“ 
12:06
nationalities here.
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๊ตญ์ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
Alright, if youโ€™re ready, itโ€™s now time for a quiz
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์ž, ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๊ด€์‚ฌ 'the'๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
12:11
to see if you can use the definite article โ€˜theโ€™
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
12:14
correctly.
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12:15
On the screen, there are eight sentences.
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ํ™”๋ฉด์—๋Š” 8๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
In each sentence, I want you to
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ
12:19
put โ€˜theโ€™ wherever necessary.
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๊ณณ์— 'the'๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
12:22
OK, stop the video, try the exercise,
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์ข‹์•„, ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ , ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ ,
12:25
then play the video and check.
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๋†€์•„ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:30
OK, here are the answers.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ •๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
12:33
You can stop the video and check them with your
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๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ 
12:35
answers if you like.
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๋‹ต์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
In the comments section, let
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๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์—์„œ
12:38
me know how you many got correct.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งžํ˜”๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š” . ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€
12:40
If youโ€™re not sure about any of these,
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์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
12:42
feel free to ask me in the comments and I will help
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์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:45
you out.
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.
12:46
Alright, if you liked this lesson, give it a thumbs
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:48
up by hitting the like button.
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์ข‹์•„์š” ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
12:50
Also remember to subscribe to this channel
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋… ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
12:52
by clicking the subscribe button to get my latest
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12:55
lessons right here on YouTube.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ YouTube์—์„œ ์ œ ์ตœ์‹  ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
12:58
Happy learning and I will see you in the
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์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ ์‹œ๊ณ 
12:59
next lesson soon.
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๊ณง ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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