IELTS BAND 9.0 VOCABULARY | 33 words YOU MUST KNOW to pass the IELTS exam

29,017 views ใƒป 2024-11-07

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Do you need to expand your vocabulary soย  you can get a high score on the IELTS?
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IELTS์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:05
Well, today you'll add 33 words to yourย  vocabulary so you can score a 9.0 on the IELTS.
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์–ดํœ˜์— 33๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ IELTS์—์„œ 9.0์ ์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Of course, I'm Jennifer Nell, Let'sย  get started #1 feasible, feasible.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” Jennifer Nell์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ, ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ 1์œ„๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
This means possible to do easily or conveniently.
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์‰ฝ๊ณ  ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
Now, this is commonly used inย  writing when discussing theย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Š”
00:30
practicality how practicalย  is proposals or solutions.
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์ œ์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ์ง€ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
For example, switching to renewable energyย  on a large scale may not be feasible,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์€ ์‹คํ˜„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ์ œํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ
00:44
may not be easily or conveniently done inย  certain regions due to geographic limitations.
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์—์„œ๋Š” ์‰ฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:52
Or for an everyday example, you couldย  say when you have a great teacher,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
00:57
getting a high IL score becomesย  feasible, becomes easy to do.
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๋†’์€ IL ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์‰ฌ์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
Do you agree with that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:04
If you do, put that's right, that'sย  right, put that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
01:09
And don't worry about taking notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:13
You can find the link in theย  description #2 Proponent Proponent.
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์„ค๋ช… #2 ์ œ์•ˆ์ž ์ œ์•ˆ์ž์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ก , ์ œ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์นจ์„
01:20
This is a person who advocates for who supportsย  a theory, proposal, or course of action.
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์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์˜นํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:29
Now, this is frequently seen inย  discussions about policy debatesย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ํ† ๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก 
01:33
and research in both speaking and writing,ย  for example, proponents of renewable energy.
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๊ณผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ( ์˜ˆ: ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ง€์ง€์ž)์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
01:41
So this is people who support whoย  advocate for renewable energy argueย ย 
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์˜นํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์ง€์ž๋“ค์€ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€
01:47
that it provides a sustainableย  alternative to fossil fuels.
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ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
I am a a proponent of of supporting any,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š”
01:56
any foundation, any, any type of groupย  that is being proactive about this.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์žฌ๋‹จ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:02
As you know, I, I, I've been a a very strongย  and vocal proponent in the industry regardingย ย 
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ €๋Š”
02:09
the both the need and the opportunity toย  rethink the models from the ground up.
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๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํšŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์—…๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
I'm a huge proponent of all of us beingย  interdependent versus independent.
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์˜์กด์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
Independent.
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ.
02:22
#3 deploy, deploy.
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#3 ๋ฐฐํฌ, ๋ฐฐํฌ.
02:26
This means to move into position forย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ
02:29
action or it can mean to utilizeย  something in a strategic manner.
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „๋žต์  ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
This is often used in writing toย  describe the implementation of resources.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค ๊ตฌํ˜„์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:39
So the use of resources orย  strategies in various fields,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ,
02:45
for example, the government, thisย  is commonly used with government.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ž์›์ด๋‚˜ ์ „๋žต์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
The government deployed emergency teams,ย ย 
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋น„์ƒํŒ€์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ
02:52
so they put those teams in positionย  or used them strategically.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ํŒ€์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
So how did they use them strategically, perhapsย  to help tackle the aftermath of the hurricane?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ธ์˜ ์—ฌํŒŒ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ์ „๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:05
Deploy algorithm and accidentally deployย  when you were landing, deploy the fleet.
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์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๋ฐฐํฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋ฐฐํฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•จ๋Œ€๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋ฐฐํฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
#4 Notable.
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#4 ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค.
03:12
Notable this means worthy of attention or notice.
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Notable ์ด๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
It could also simply mean remarkable.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
This is commonly found in writing to highlightย  significant differences or achievements.
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์ด๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:27
For example, one notable differenceย  so one significant difference.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด์  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์  ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
One important difference between rural andย ย 
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๋†์ดŒ ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
03:35
urban lifestyles is the level ofย  access to healthcare facilities.
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์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
African soldiers proved to be notable jungleย  fighters and that's one of the more notableย ย 
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ์ •๊ธ€ ์ „์‚ฌ์ž„์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 1490๋…„๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
03:46
aspects of how we painted at this timeย  anyway, certainly through the 1490s.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:50
This well preserved church isย  notable due to its high churchย ย 
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์ž˜ ๋ณด์กด๋œ ์ด ๊ตํšŒ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฒˆ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋งž์€ ๋†’์€ ๊ตํšŒ ํƒ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:52
tower that has been struck by lightningย  numerous times throughout its history.
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.
03:56
#5 detrimental.
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#5 ํ•ด๋กญ๋‹ค.
03:59
Detrimental This means causingย  harm or tending to cause harm.
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ํ•ด๋กœ์šด(Detrimental) ์ด๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ผ์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ผ์น˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
This is used in writing mainly to discuss negativeย  impacts or consequences of policies and actions.
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์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฐ ์กฐ์น˜์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
You could say while many aspectsย  of technology are beneficial,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์œ ์ตํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:17
excessive screen time can have a detrimentalย  effect a negative effect on mental health.
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๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ํ™”๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
So this is a great word to have thatย  contrast which is commonly done in writing.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
Can be detrimental.
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ํ•ด๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
Matt, you're a detriment here.
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๋งท, ๋„Œ ์ •๋ง ์†ํ•ด์•ผ
04:34
Bitterness would be detrimental to my recovery.
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๊ดด๋กœ์›€์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ํšŒ๋ณต์— ํ•ด๋กœ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Number six, mitigate.
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์—ฌ์„ฏ์งธ, ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:39
Mitigate.
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์™„ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค.
04:40
This means to make lessย  severe, serious or painful.
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์ด๋Š” ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
This is useful in writing and speaking toย  discuss ways to reduce negative impacts,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ILS์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:50
especially in environmental contexts,ย  which are common on the ILS.
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04:56
For example, countries worldwide are investing inย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š”
04:59
renewable energy as a means to mitigateย  to reduce the effects of climate change.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
So to make those effects less seriousย  to mitigate, stop mitigating everyone.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์™„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:12
With mitigating circumstancesย  on mitigating the health risks.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
#7 Discrepancy Discrepancy This is a lack ofย ย 
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#7 ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜
05:22
compatibility or similarityย  between two or more facts.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ํ˜ธํ™˜์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
This is commonly used in writing whenย  analyzing data or discussing research findings.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
For example, a noticeableย  discrepancy exists betweenย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
05:40
the reported income levels ofย  urban and rural populations.
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๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๋„์‹œ ์ธ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋†์ดŒ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์†Œ๋“ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
So the discrepancy is that difference.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
Why is there this discrepancy?
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋น„๊ตํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
05:51
It seems that we're doingย  a comparative evaluation,ย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ,
05:53
but typically I could find a discrepancy andย  then I would say, well, I'm not saying it.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ ํ•˜๋ฉด '๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
And any discrepancy should hopefully be external.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
So as I go #8 resilient.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ # 8 ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
Notice that resilient, resilient.
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ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ, ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:08
If someone is resilient, it means they're able toย ย 
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ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„
06:11
withstand or recover quicklyย  from difficult conditions.
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๊ฒฌ๋””๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:16
This is very useful in speaking andย  writing when discussing communitiesย ย 
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์ด๋Š”
06:21
or individuals facing challenges,ย  which is very common on the IELTS.
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IELTS์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
For example, communities affected by naturalย  disasters have proven to be remarkably resilient,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณต๊ตฌ
06:34
rebuilding their lives and homes so they're ableย  to quickly recover from these negative situations.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ง‘์„ ์žฌ๊ฑดํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์–ต์••์ด ์•„๋‹Œ
06:41
It's time to embrace a resilient, strongย  culture of processing, not repressing.
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ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:48
We can push for a safe, kind, resilient and human.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
Digital Future People are leavingย  these climate resilient areas forย ย 
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:59
economic reasons #9 alleviate, alleviate.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์œ  #9 ์™„ํ™”, ์™„ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
This is to make suffering orย  deficiency or a problem less severe.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐํ• ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
This is commonly used in writing and speaking toย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋นˆ๊ณค์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:14
discuss solutions to societalย  issues like poverty or health.
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.
07:21
For example, local governments areย  implementing policies to alleviateย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๋„์‹ฌ์ง€ 10๊ณณ์˜ ์ฃผํƒ ๋ถ€์กฑ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:27
to reduce housing shortages inย  urban centers #10 vulnerable.
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.
07:34
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
07:35
Vulnerable.
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์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ.
07:37
This means susceptible toย  physical or emotional harm.
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์ด๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์  ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์„œ์  ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:43
Again, this is often used inย  discussions about social issues,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ,
07:47
health, and even environmental concerns.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
You could say older populations are moreย  vulnerable, so they're more susceptibleย ย 
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๋…ธ์ธ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
07:56
to health issues, which means theyย  get health issues easier and faster.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋” ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
Vulnerable, especially duringย  severe weather conditions.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์•…์ฒœํ›„์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:08
He's vulnerable, vulnerable.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ทจ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Being vulnerable #11 paradigm.
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์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ #11 ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„.
08:13
This one is very common paradigm.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
This is a typical example or pattern of something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋‚˜ ํŒจํ„ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
You can think of it as a model.
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๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
This is frequently found in writing toย  discuss shifts in thinking or approaches.
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์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์‹ค์—์„œ
08:30
You could say the adoption of digital technologyย ย 
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๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
08:33
in classrooms represents aย  significant paradigm shift.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
So a shift in thinking in education.
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๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
Is that it's a paradigm that's trying to.
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ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์ธ๊ฐ€.
08:44
Hold us back.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์žก์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
08:45
So it's kind of a new paradigm that actually seemsย  to unlock things not only in fundamental physics,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:50
but also in the foundations ofย  mathematics and computer science,ย ย 
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์ˆ˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ,
08:53
and possibly in areas likeย  biology and economics as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ž ๊ธˆ์„ ํ•ด์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:56
I believe it's time to reject that old paradigmย  and realize that our faiths are linked.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๋‚ก์€ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹ ์•™์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋•Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
#12 viable.
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#12 ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ.
09:05
Viable.
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์ƒ์กด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ.
09:06
This means capable of working successfully.
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์ด๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
It can also mean feasible.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
So it's very important to learn alternatives,ย  synonyms because you'll commonly see them.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ, ๋™์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:18
And if you want to discuss these same issues,ย  you can use an alternative word, a synonym.
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๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ ๋™์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
So now we have viable.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
This is used in discussions aboutย  sustainability and practical solutions.
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์ด๋Š” ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
For example, solar power, you couldย  say, is becoming a viable alternativeย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์€
09:38
to traditional energy sources in manyย  sunny regions at least #13 benign.
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ํ–‡๋ณ•์ด ์ž˜ ๋“œ๋Š” #13 ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
Notice that silent G Benign.
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์กฐ์šฉํ•œ G Benign์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:50
9.
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9.
09:51
Benign.
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์–‘์„ฑ.
09:52
This means having no significantย  harm or adverse effect.
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์ด๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
Negative effect.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ.
09:59
This is commonly used in discussions aboutย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ
10:02
impacts and effects to talk aboutย  something not having an effect.
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ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
For example, despite initial fears,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
10:10
the new construction projects are expectedย  to have a benign effect on local wildlife.
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์ƒˆ ๊ฑด์„ค ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
So it means the new constructionย  projects don't have an effect.
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์ฆ‰, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฑด์„ค ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
They don't have a significant effect.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
They have a benign effect.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–‘์„ฑ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
It's benign.
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์–‘์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
Were they benign, fine and benign?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜จํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ณ  ์˜จํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:32
#14 conducive.
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#14 ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
Conducive.
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๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
10:36
This means making a certain situationย  or outcome likely or possible.
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์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
This is common in discussions about environmentsย  that encourage certain behaviors or outcomes.
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์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:48
For example, students suggestย  that a clutter free space.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊น”๋”ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
A space free of clutter, freeย  of things, distracting things,ย ย 
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์–ด์ˆ˜์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ฌผ๊ฑด, ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€
10:57
is conducive to better concentration andย  learning, so it helps you achieve that outcome.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ•™์Šต์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
It's not conducive to health.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
That engineer wasn't conducive, right?
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๊ทธ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋Š” ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ ?
11:08
Doesn't, isn't.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
Conducive to rhyming.
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์šด์œจ์— ๋„์›€์ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
Well #15 incentive, Incentive.
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์Œ #15 ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ, ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ.
11:14
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
11:15
This is a thing that motivates orย  encourages someone to do something.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
This is used in discussions aboutย  economics, business, and public policy.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค, ๊ณต๊ณต ์ •์ฑ…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
You hear this frequently.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
For example, to reduce emissions, the governmentย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
11:31
introduced financial incentives forย  companies investing in clean energy.
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์ฒญ์ • ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์— ์žฌ์ •์  ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
So those companies will get something in return,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
11:41
an incentive if they invest inย  clean energy #16 compile, compile.
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์ฒญ์ • ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ #16 ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ, ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
This means to produce by assemblingย  information and other sources.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:55
This is often used in academicย  writing and research discussions.
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์ด๋Š” ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ† ๋ก ์— ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
For example, the researchersย  compiled so gathered togetherย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์€
12:04
compiled data from numerous sourcesย  to ensure a comprehensive analysis.
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ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†Œ์Šค์—์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Compiled them in our data processesย  and combined it with compilation.
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์—์„œ ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. WHO
12:16
Who?
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12:16
Who?
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12:16
Compiled this map.
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? WHO
?
์ด ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ํŽธ์ง‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
17 Contradictory Contradictory Thisย  means mutually opposed or inconsistent.
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17 ๋ชจ์ˆœ ๋ชจ์ˆœ ์ด๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
This is used in writing when discussingย  conflicting ideas or conflicting data.
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์ด๋Š” ์ƒ์ถฉ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋‚˜ ์ƒ์ถฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
For example, the study presentsย  contradictory findings,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”
12:38
with one portion indicating benefits andย  another highlighting potential risks.
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ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ด์ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์ˆœ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
So they're opposed to each other.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
Risks and benefits and risks, they'reย  opposed, so it's contradictory.
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์œ„ํ—˜๊ณผ ์ด์ต๊ณผ ์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
Saying that out loud almost sounds contradictory.
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ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
Upside and grief.
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์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ์Šฌํ””.
12:58
And honestly, our physics is tellingย  us a lot of contradictory things.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์ˆœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
13:02
They allow us to interpret itsย  complex and contradictory signals.
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ์ˆœ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:07
#18 Foster Foster This is to encourage orย  promote the development of something, and usuallyย ย 
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#18 Foster Foster ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
13:16
something good, and this is commonly used inย  discussions about education and social policies.
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๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
Educational institutions should foster creativity,ย ย 
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๊ต์œก ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ ์ฐฝ์˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ‚ค์›Œ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์œ ์ง€์—
13:29
encourage creativity because it is positive andย  critical thinking in their students #19 retention.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:39
Retention.
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๋ณด์œ .
13:40
This is the continued possession,ย  use, or control of something.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์œ , ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋˜๋Š” ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
This is used in writing when discussingย  education and employment practices.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:52
Very common in employment, for example, employeeย  retention, the ability to retain keep employees.
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์ง์› ์œ ์ง€, ์ง์› ์œ ์ง€ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋“ฑ ๊ณ ์šฉ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
Employee retention remainsย  a priority as high turnover.
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๋†’์€ ์ด์ง๋ฅ ๋งŒํผ ์ง์› ์œ ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
Employees leaving as high turnover canย  disrupt team dynamics #20 depict depict.
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๋†’์€ ์ด์ง๋ฅ ๋กœ ํ‡ด์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์›์€ ํŒ€ ์—ญํ•™ #20 ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
This is to represent by a drawing,ย  painting, or other art form.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
This is common in discussions about art andย  literature, which is common in writing tasks.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ณผ์ œ์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ•™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:29
For example, art from this.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ .
14:32
Typically depicts scenes so in thatย  art you see this scene represented,ย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์—์„œ ์ด ์žฅ๋ฉด์ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
14:39
so depicts scenes of everyday life.
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์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์˜ ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
Show casting rural traditions.
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์‹œ๊ณจ ์ „ํ†ต์„ ์บ์ŠคํŒ…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
14:45
Inside the church, the paintings depict scenesย ย 
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๊ตํšŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—๋Š”
14:47
from the Old and New Testamentsย  and effigies of patron Saints.
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๊ตฌ์•ฝ๊ณผ ์‹ ์•ฝ์˜ ์žฅ๋ฉด ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ˜ธ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ƒ์ด ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
Would it would depict it as an illustration of theย  flexibility and wisdom of common law adjudication.
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๊ด€์Šต๋ฒ• ํŒ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
14:57
The paintings depict the image of a chair inย  various stages of completion or dissolution.
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ์™„์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•ด์ฒด์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์ž์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:06
21 to steer clear of.
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21 ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
So notice here we have a phraseย  to steer clear of of something.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
This means to avoid someone or something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ํ”ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
This is used in speaking and you can useย  it to give advice or recommendations,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ IELTS์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์กฐ์–ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์ถ”์ฒœ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:23
which is very common on IELTS.
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.
15:26
For example, health professionalsย  often advise patients to steer clearย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์˜๋ฃŒ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ์›ฐ๋น™์„
15:31
of to avoid processed foods to maintainย  overall well-being 22 solely solely.
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์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๊ณต ์‹ํ’ˆ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์กฐ์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:41
This means not involving anyone or anything else.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
It can also be a replacement toย  only This is useful in writingย ย 
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์ด๋Š”
15:49
to clarify specific points or responsibilities.
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ํŠน์ • ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
For example, the success of the projectย  does not solely depend on funding.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์—๋งŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
So it does not only depend on funding,ย  but also on effective management.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์—๋„ ์˜์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
So this is a nice complex sentence andย  you can replace only with solely 23.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋ฉฐ 23์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:13
Abundant.
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. ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
Abundant.
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ํ’์กฑํ•œ.
16:16
This means existing orย  available in large quantities.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
It also means plentiful.
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ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
This is commonly used in discussionsย  about resources and, again, environments.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
The country is known for its abundant naturalย  resources, particularly oil and timber.
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ฒœ์—ฐ ์ž์›, ํŠนํžˆ ์„์œ ์™€ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
Public.
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16:38
Space must be as free and abundant as the.
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜.
๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ณ  ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:40
Air we breathe.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆจ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ.
16:42
Fishing near the village, sealsย  and Caribou were abundant.
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๋งˆ์„ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—๋Š” ๋‚š์‹œ, ๋ฌผ๊ฐœ , ์ˆœ๋ก์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
To speak of, it does have abundantย  land and abundant sun and wind.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๋•…์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
We can't all duplicate.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ œ๋  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
That 24 Sustainability, ustainability.
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๊ทธ 24 ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ.
16:56
This is the ability to be maintainedย  at a certain rate or level.
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์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋น„์œจ์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:01
This frequently appears in discussionsย  about environmental issues and development.
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์ด๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:08
Investing in renewable resources is criticalย  for the sustainability of our environment.
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์žฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์ž์›์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
You will absolutely hear this word,ย  and you should use it as well.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
Biodiversity can contributeย  to the sustainability of a.
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์ƒ๋ฌผ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:23
Community and I think.
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์™€ ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
The main way I.
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์ฃผ์š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
17:27
Think you.
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17:27
Should look at it is.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:29
About sustainability.
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์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด.
17:30
Sustainability, it's become somethingย  that a lot of people in the world areย ย 
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์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ
17:34
striving for because we recognize what'sย  going on with the world these days.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:38
25 Assess Assess This means toย  evaluate or estimate the nature,ย ย 
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25 ํ‰๊ฐ€ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ,
17:45
ability, or quality of something.
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋˜๋Š” ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
This is common in writing when discussingย  evaluations in education and business, forย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
17:55
example, teachers assess students understandingย  through regular tests and assignments.
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๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์‹œํ—˜๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:03
It assesses test, assess your options.
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ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ต์…˜์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
Interesting assessment.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํ‰๊ฐ€.
18:07
26 Target Target This is an objective orย  result toward which efforts are directed.
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26 ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ด๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:16
So you direct your efforts toward a target.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
This is commonly used in writing, especiallyย  in essays discussing your goals and objectives.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:27
You can say the initiative targets a 25%ย  reduction in carbon emissions within five years.
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์ด ์ด๋‹ˆ์…”ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋Š” 5๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ 25% ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:36
So notice here it's a verb.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
18:38
The initiative targets to target.
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์ด๋‹ˆ์…”ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
This is also a noun odd target.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:44
The target is a 25% reduction.
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๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” 25% ๊ฐ์†Œ์ด๋‹ค.
18:48
27 Illicit Illicit.
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27 ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•.
18:51
This is to get a response, answer or fact fromย  someone, often through questioning or discussion.
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์ด๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‘๋‹ต, ๋‹ต๋ณ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:59
This is commonly used in writing whenย  discussing studies, research or data.
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์ด๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:04
For example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด.
19:05
The questions were designedย  to elicit authentic responses.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:10
So to get real honest responsesย  from participants #28 decipher.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๋ง ์ •์งํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด #28์„ ํ•ด๋…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:18
Decipher.
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ํ’€๋‹ค.
19:19
This means to interpret or to make sense ofย  something that is difficult to understand.
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์ด๋Š” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:25
A synonym is to decode, to decipher, to decode.
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๋™์˜์–ด๋Š” ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋‹ค, ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋‹ค, ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
This is commonly used in writing whenย  discussing the meaning of someone or something.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:36
For example, scholars spent decadesย  attempting to decipher the ancient script,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์„ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌธ์ž์˜
19:43
so attempting to understand theย  meaning of the ancient script.
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์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:48
Professor Arm wants to decipher which dataย  can lead to discriminatory actions or privacyย ย 
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Arm ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ํ–‰์œ„๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ •๋ณด ์นจํ•ด๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ•ด๋…
19:54
invasions, and to set safeguards for a betterย  protection of human subjects in data science.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ”ผํ—˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:59
Students with hearing loss rely more.
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์ฒญ๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์˜์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:02
Heavily on visual cues to decipher.
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ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:04
What is being said?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
20:06
And now we have the capacity to decipherย  life in a way we never did before.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ํ•ด๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ถ์„ ํ•ด๋…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:12
29 Fluctuate, fluctuate.
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29 ๋ณ€๋™ํ•˜๋‹ค, ๋ณ€๋™ํ•˜๋‹ค.
20:15
This means to change or vary irregularly,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š”
20:20
so not by following a patternย  and often in amount or level.
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ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์–‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
This is commonly used when discussing theย  results or current state of something.
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์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:31
For example, the stock market fluctuates.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ฃผ์‹ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๋ณ€๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
It's up, it's down, andย  it's not a regular pattern.
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์ƒ์Šน, ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:38
It's irregular.
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•ด์š”.
20:39
The stock market fluctuates dramaticallyย  in response to world events.
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์ฃผ์‹ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:45
Any weight fluctuations?
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์ฒด์ค‘ ๋ณ€๋™์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
20:46
Is weight fluctuates?
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์ฒด์ค‘์ด ๋ณ€๋™๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
20:48
Any weight fluctuations?
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์ฒด์ค‘ ๋ณ€๋™์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
20:50
#30 Outline Outline.
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#30 ๊ฐœ์š” ๊ฐœ์š”.
20:53
This is to give a summary of something and isย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ์š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ
20:56
often used in writing to presentย  main ideas or structures clearly.
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์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:02
For example, the professor outlined theย  main points of the lecture at the beginning.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:09
Just the outline.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐœ์š”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
21:10
Anything you outline withย  this I just outlined for you.
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:13
31 Promote Promote This means to supportย  or actively encourage This is frequentย ย 
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31 ํ™๋ณด ํ™๋ณดํ•˜๋‹ค ์ด๋Š” ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
21:22
in discussions about public health,ย  education, and social initiatives.
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๊ณต์ค‘ ๋ณด๊ฑด, ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ด๋‹ˆ์…”ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:27
For example, government campaigns often promoteย  healthier lifestyles to reduce healthcare costs.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ •๋ถ€ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ™๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
32 Habitat Habitat This is the naturalย  environment in which an Organism lives.
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32 ์„œ์‹์ง€ ์„œ์‹์ง€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:44
This is commonly used in discussionsย  about ecology and conservation.
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์ด๋Š” ์ƒํƒœํ•™๊ณผ ๋ณด์กด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:49
For example, protecting forests isย  essential to preserving the habitats.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ˆฒ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œ์‹์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:56
The homes of numerous species.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ข…์˜ ์ง‘.
21:59
33 Augment Augment.
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33 ์ฆ๊ฐ• ์ฆ๊ฐ•.
22:03
This is to make somethingย  larger, greater, or more intense.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ, ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:08
This is common in speaking and writingย  to discuss increases or improvementsย ย 
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์ด๋Š”
22:14
in systems, infrastructures or even skills.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:18
For example, the government allocated additionalย  funds to augment public health services so toย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
22:25
help improve the size or state of these publicย  health services in response to rising demands.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณต ์˜๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋‚˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ๊ณต์ค‘ ๋ณด๊ฑด ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ํ• ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:34
Now you have 33 new words in your vocabulary.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜์—๋Š” 33๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:37
And I'm sure when you review the free lesson PDF,ย  remember you can find the link in the description.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
22:43
You'll learn many, many other wordsย  in the example sentences as well.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:48
Do you want me to keep making theseย  lessons teaching you more IELTS words?
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ IELTS ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:53
If you do, put more, more,ย  more, more, more, more, more.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
22:55
Put more, more, more in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋”, ๋”, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
22:58
And of course, make sure you like this lesson,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ,
23:00
share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:04
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
23:07
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:10
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
23:13
And you can keep expanding yourย  vocabulary with this lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์† ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:16
Make sure you watch it now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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