1 HOUR ENGLISH LESSON - ADVANCED ENGLISH VOCABULARY (Confusing English Words)

Welcome to this one hour English lesson. Are  you ready to improve your advanced English  

vocabulary? In this lesson, you're going  to learn the most common confusing words  

in English. So this lesson is divided into  smaller lessons. And then each part you're  

going to learn a group of confusing English  words. You're going to learn how to use that  

advanced English vocabulary and then at the  end, you're going to test your knowledge. So  

you'll learn a group of words and then you'll  complete a quiz and then you'll repeat that for  

the next hour. Are you excited? Welcome back to  JForrestEnglish training. Of course. I'm Jennifer  

and this is your place to become a fluent  confident English speaker. Let's get started.  

First, you're going to learn the difference  between on time and in time. Let's start off with  

on time. We use on time to refer to a specific  time and it's a specific time, but something will  

happen and we commonly use this with scheduled  events. For example, traffic was terrible,  

but thankfully I got to the meeting on time. So  of course, you can imagine that there's a schedule  

time that that meeting will start the meeting will  start at let's say, three o'clock. So if you get  

to the meeting at three o'clock or before, then  you're on time, if you get to the meeting at 301  

or after then you're what you're late, right so  that would be the opposite of on time late. Now,  

you could also make a general statement and say  I'm always on time. So notice it's in the present  

simple because it's a routine action, which means  I always get to my scheduled events on or before  

the time they're supposed to start the time  they're scheduled to start. I'm always on time.  

So what about you? Are you always on time? Let  us know in the comments. And if not, what adverb  

would you use? I'm sometimes on time I'm usually  on time I'm rarely on time, or I'm never on time.  

So let us know in the comments which one best  describes you? Now let's talk about in time and  

time simply means that you have sufficient time.  So you can think of it as to have enough time,  

enough time to do something to do what you want  to do or to do what you need to do. But the real  

difference that you need to keep in mind is that  there isn't a scheduled start time. Okay. So let's  

imagine let's imagine that I need to buy some  eggs, okay, because I'm going to make a cake.  

So I need to buy some eggs. Now. It will take me  15 minutes to drive to the store and then five  

minutes to get my eggs. So the amount of time I  need is 20 minutes. Now let's say that the store  

closes in 25 minutes, so I don't have a lot of  time, right? But remember, there isn't a scheduled  

time that I need to get to the store. I don't  have an appointment at the store to buy eggs,  

right? So that's the thing there isn't a scheduled  time, but I need a sufficient amount of time to  

buy my eggs before the store closes. So maybe I  could say Oh no, I'm not going to get there in  

time. I'm not going to get there in time. Because  remember, I need 20 minutes to complete this task.  

But the store closes in 25 minute, of course is  going to might take me a little bit longer, right  

so I might be concerned. Oh no, I'm not going to  get there in time. It's like saying I don't have  

enough time to do what I want to do. But luckily  thankfully there was no traffic at all and I  

got there in 15 minutes. Then I guess I who I got  here in time I got here in time. It's not on time,  

because there isn't a scheduled event. It's in  time simply because it means I have enough time  

sufficient time to do what I need to do. Buy  a car before the store closes. So it's a very  

subtle difference. Right? And I think the easiest  way for you to know which one should I use is just  

remember on time is for a scheduled event. If you  have a meeting that starts at a scheduled time,  

an appointment, lab, anything like that, then  you would use on time. And if you're just talking  

about having enough time, sufficient time, then  you use in time, the best way to feel confident  

with these is really to practice. So I want  you to leave two examples for each two examples  

for on time and two examples for in time, put  them in the comments below and that way I can  

review them and if I see any mistakes and I can  correct them and address them. So now you know  

the difference between on time and in time. Are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions,  

hit pause. Take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers  

did you do with that quiz? Make sure you share  your score in the comments below and let's  

continue on to the next group. Now let's talk  about the difference between effect and effect.  

effect. Is that um now or put it in the comments  below now, or did you get it? Are you sure? Do you  

know which one up fact is a verb? Okay? Verb it's  an action word. So brain Association effect action  

effect action that can be an easy way for you to  remember that Okay, so now I want to make this  

very easy for you put it in the comments effect is  that a noun or a verb? What do they put it in the  

comments? Well, of course, if all fact is a verb  then effect agent now to really right there. Boom,  

you know the difference? Because like I said,  if you know if one's verb and ones are now then  

based on sentence structure, only one of them can  be used. But let me give you some examples so you  

can really see the difference. And then at the  end, I'm going to show you how you can actually  

use effect and effect in the same sentence. And  this does happen more than you would think. So  

let's start with a fact. Like I said, effect  is a verb. So for sentence structure, something  

affects something that's really the structure  that you need to remember. So let's see before  

we go any further if you can think of an example  sentence using effect, put it in the comments.  

Pause the video if you need with that example  sentence using effect in the comments below.  

Did you put one in the comments? Okay, here  is mine. The dry weather affected the crops.  

Remember our sentence structure we have  something with the something that in the  

comments. What's the something? Mood  dry weather right that's our something  

something effect something the dry weather  affected the crop. So the other something is  

put it in the comment is the crops we have  something affects something. Well, what do  

you notice about effect in this sentence? It's a  verb right? So What verb tense in this sentence in  

what verbs and since Listen, put it in the  comments below. The dry weather affected past  

simple so we know this is a completed action in  the past. And that's what you need to remember  

with effect because it's a verb. It's going to  be conjugated in different structures based on  

the context of the sentence. Now because effect  is a verb, I can take this sentence and put it  

in the present symbol. For example, I can put  it in a different verb tense, which simply just  

changes the meaning. So pause the video if you  need and think about what would this sentence  

be in the present simple and when you have  your answer, put it in the comments below.  

So take your time pause the video if you need.  The dry weather affected the crops. What would  

that be in the present simple Do you have it? It  wouldn't be the dry weather affects the crops. Did  

you get that as? Yeah, I made it really dramatic  there. Obviously you wouldn't say that in real  

situation. But just so you remember, effect is a  verb. The dry weather as a subject would be what?  

It right it affects the crop. So we need to  remember to conjugate a verb and in the present  

simple we add an F to he she it verbs okay? The  dry weather affects the crops. So it's important  

for you to remember that effect is what a noun or  a verb put it in the comments is over and because  

of that, it needs to be conjugated according to  the time reference and according to this subject  

as well. Now let's move on to effect effect is  what a noun or river put it in the comments.  

effect isn't now and you can think of it as the  result of something okay? Because remember, nouns  

are people, places or things. So in this case,  it's like a thing is the result of something.  

It's a thing. It's a now effect. And remember,  because it's a noun, it could have an article.  

It could be singular or plural. Those will be  our choices with a now so let's take a look at  

an example. I say the effect of the dry weather  was devastating. The effect okay, I'm starting  

my sentence with the now the effect all notice  that sentence structure the effect of sampling.  

The song Something is the dry weather the effect  of the dry weather was devastating. So here  

because it's a noun, I need my article in front of  it the the effect another example. I couldn't ask,  

Did this policy have any negative effects? So  notice here, what's different about the noun?  

I made it plural, right? And I'm not using an  article in that case. Did the policy have any  

negative effect? So were there any results on the  policy and were any of those results negative?  

Now, just for fun? Let's take a look at a sentence  using both effect and effect. This side effects of  

this medication can negatively affect your liver.  So pause the video if you need and think about  

this example. Hmm. So this side effects there.  We're using it as a noun and not a very common way  

we use this as a noun talking about side effects,  or the effects of something like in our previous  

example the side effects of this medication can  make actively affect your liver and of course  

hear something affects something. So it's really  the side effects that affect your liver as the  

something so this really isn't that uncommon. I  was situation to see effect and effect in the same  

sentence. So it's a summarize Remember, a fact  is what a noun or a verb, put it in the comments  

over an effect is put it in the comments now, so  that should be a great trick to help you instantly  

know which one you need to use. Now once and by  going back to my original email that I was writing  

so remember, I wrote Do you think this could have  it? So what do you think? In this example, do I  

need effect or effect do I need a noun or a verb?  Put it in the comments below. Pause the video if  

you need think about it, and then put it in the  comment. Do you think this could have affected it?  

Because I need a verb something affects something  and of course, this verb is conjugated according  

to the sentence. All right, so now you know  the difference between effect and effect. This  

is an advanced topic and you're going to need to  practice and review this. So why don't we start  

now, put in the comments below an example  sentence with effect, and then an example  

sentence with effect. And bonus point major  bonus point. If you can think of an example  

sentence that uses both effect and effect are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions  

hit pause. Take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers.  

How did you do with that quiz? Make sure you  share your score in the comments below. And  

let's continue on to the next group. I see  lots of mistakes with this next one. Let's  

talk about the difference between borrow  and lend. Now let's go back to my original  

question for you at the beginning. Hey, can  you borrow me your car? What do you think about  

this sentence? Can you borrow me your car?  Do you think that this sentence is correct  

or incorrect? Put your answers in the comment so  you can say right or wrong thumbs up thumbs down  

yes or no whatever you need. Put your answer in  the comments. Hey, can you borrow me your car?  

Did you get your answer in the comments? Okay,  this is what I hear quite a lot from students,  

even really advanced students. But I have  to bring it to you that incorrect. And to  

a native speaker. It's like what for old me, huh?  It does not sound good. It's because the sentence  

structure is incorrect. Okay. So while I'm  explaining the difference between borrow and lend,  

you really need to pay attention to that  sentence structure. So let's start with oro.  

Now when you use for oil, you need to understand  that you're the one receiving the aina.  

Let's compare that to land. When you use land,  you're the one giving the aina now let's take  

a look at this sentence structure with borrow.  You borrow something you borrow something. This  

is why my original sentence sounded so weird.  It might sound weird to you, but trust me to a  

native speaker that just sounds like nails on  a chalkboard because that's not the sentence  

structure. You do not borrow someone Okay? When I  said can you borrow me your car? Can you borrow me  

your car? That's incorrect sentence structure.  But there's a really easy fix. All you need to  

do is get rid of the someone because it's Borel  something right. So to make my original sentence  

correct, what would it mean to do now remember  with borro you receive so as a question it would  

be Can I borrow your car because I'm the one  receiving the car. So can I borrow your car? Can  

I receive your car temporarily, of course. So let  me know in the comments. Can I borrow your car?  

So now it's your turn to practice? borro Okay,  so let me start you off with the beginning of  

the sentence. Can I borrow? We're going to use  this as a question for so put in the comments  

can I borrow and fill in the blank? So you need to  identify the something. It could be anything can I  

borrow your cell phone charge or your pen your  earrings? Can I borrow $50 It can be anything.  

Put your example in the comments to make sure  you practice this structure. Now let's compare  

the sentence structure with lend. This is why  these two are confused because with lend you lend  

someone something. So with lens we have someone  identified. Okay. So perhaps I'm feeling really  

generous and I say to you, I can lend you my car  this weekend. I can lend you my car this weekend.  

Because remember with lend you give so I'm giving  my car that as a positive statement. I can lend  

you lend someone something. I can lend you my car.  This weekend. Alright, so now it's time for you  

to practice lend. Now with lend as an offer is  going to be as a positive statement. I can lend  

you and then we need the something we can change  our subject, right. It could be she can lend you  

she can lend him my boss can lend my coworker  we can play around with those subjects. Okay,  

but make sure your sentence structure is subject,  lend someone something. So put your example in  

the comments to practice. So when are you going to  offer to lend me I'm excited to find out. Now one  

important note before we wrap up. Let's go back  to my beginning sentence which was in correct.  

Can you borrow me your car? Huh? Can you borrow  me your car? So that sentence is incorrect. But  

there's another way we can change the sentence  to make it a question. And that question would  

be can you lend me your car? Can you lend me your  car? So notice, although lend means to give notice  

that subject, right can you lend me? So although  lend means to give, you're the one giving and  

I'm the one receiving right? So in that case,  can you lend me your car is exactly the same as  

Do you know what I'm about to say? It's exactly  the same as put it in the comments if you do huge  

bonus points if you get this. Can you lend me your  car? is exactly the same as Can I borrow your car?  

So you may need to pause the video and think about  it because you need to keep in mind the direction  

of who's giving who's receiving and you need to  pay attention to that sentence structure as well.  

So that's a final exercise you can do before you  leave in the comment. Write your own example using  

the two different questions. although keep in mind  that they mean exactly the same thing. So try that  

out. And see if you can get that as well. Are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions,  

hit pause. Take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers  

how'd you do with that quiz, make sure you  share your score in the comments below and let's  

continue on to the next group. And you're doing  awesome let's continue on and review compared  

to and compare with now. First we'll talk about  the verb compare to compare as a verb This means  

to identify the similarities and or differences  between two things. There are two prepositions  

that you can use compare to or compare with. So  let's start with compare two. As for sentence  

structure, you compare something to something  remember, compare is a verb so you need to  

conjugate it with your subject and time reference.  When you compare something to something, it means  

that you're examining two things to identify  their similarities. You're focusing on how a  

is similar to B, you're looking at a and b and  you're trying to see how are they on like what  

are the similarities? That's how we use compare  to so for example, I could say many people are  

comparing this election to the one in 1968. So  we have the election 2020 And the election in  

1968. So you're putting them side by side and  you're doing that so you can see how are they  

similar? What are the commonalities what is the  like Miss between these two? Now let's talk about  

compare with the sentence structure is exactly the  same. We're just changing the preposition so you  

compare something with something. In this case,  you have your two things a and b. And you put them  

side by side to look at their similarities  and or differences but with a focus on the  

differences. So you're trying to see how are they  different? What does he have that's different  

from B? Hmm. So that's more of what you're doing  when you compare something with something. So I  

would also say thinking about our last example, I  could say, let's compare this candidate with this  

candidate. Okay, so we have candidate a candidate  B. I want to put them side by side, but this time,  

I want to see how they're different. What is  this one doing that this one isn't doing? Hmm,  

how are they different? So that's all you need  to know compare to focus on similarities compare  

with focus on differences. Now, here's the thing.  Native speakers generally don't follow this rule.  

I'll be honest, I don't follow this rule. Okay.  And when native speakers don't follow this rule,  

we just use them interchangeably. So I don't  think about whether I'm comparing similarities  

or differences. And compare to two is the more  common preposition interestingly, in the past,  

like many, many years ago, with was the more  common preposition and they used it for both.  

But now in modern usage of English, I don't  know why, but it's more common just to use  

two. And there's most native speakers don't use a  difference between it. Okay? I don't like I said,  

so whether or not you actually want to follow  this rule. I'll leave it up to you, but I don't.  

And most of the people that I know don't either,  in fact, I don't really know anybody that does  

follow this rule, but since there was a question  I wanted you to know, by definition in a textbook,  

what the answer is, and this is a great example of  how we have textbook English which is quite rigid  

and very strict about usage of words and language,  but then we have real English every day English,  

which is a lot more flexible. And I use everyday  English. I don't use textbook English and I always  

encourage my students to use everyday English  as well. So ultimately, the choice is yours,  

but regardless, when you're trying to examples in  the comments below one with compared to you can  

focus on similarities, one with compare with you  can focus on differences. And then why don't you  

just do a third example where you're using them  interchangeably? And I recommend using compare  

two because that's the more common choice. Are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions,  

hit pause, take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers.  

Did you do with that quiz? Make sure you share  your score in the comments below and let's  

continue on to the next group. This next one  confuses a lot of native speakers. Let's talk  

about the difference between a compliment with  an i and complement within E. Now first of all,  

you need to know that there's no difference in  pronunciation. Okay, so if you're using this  

in spoken English, it doesn't really matter which  one you use. Because they sound exactly the same.  

But in written English, there is a difference  okay? So just keep that in mind. Now these two  

words have very different meanings. What start  with complement. Complement is a verb, Okay? To  

complement. And for sentence structure, something  complements something. Now remember, it's a verb,  

so it needs to be conjugated according to  the sentence. What does this mean? It means  

to add to something, or to complete something, or  simply to go together nicely. Here's a really easy  

example for you. When I am doing my makeup,  I think when I'm choosing my lipstick color,  

I think you know what lipstick would complement  my shirt, for example, or when I'm picking out a  

shirt. I might think what shirt would complement  my pants? Which combination of things go nicely  

together. Does this lipstick add to my shirt?  Does it complement it or does it take away  

from my shirt, and in that case, it doesn't  complement it. So that's a very easy example,  

if you're a guy, probably picking up a tie what  tie would complement the shirt you're wearing?  

Now let's take a really fun example. Here we have  a delicious piece of apple pie. My favorite pie  

flavor. Now think about this okay, thinking about  our definition to add to to complete to go nicely  

together. What do you think would complement this  apple pie? There's no right or wrong answer what  

you think would complement this pie? It could  be very different than what I think. But do you  

think there are other food items or beverage items  that could complement this piece of apple pie? Put  

your answer in the comments. What complements  this apple pie? Hmm. Remember, it's a verb so  

you need to conjugate it accordingly when you  put your example in the comments. So stop,  

pause the video if you need and put it in  the comment. What complements this apple pie?  

Well, many things could. Rhe first thing I thought  of was ice cream. Ice cream definitely complements  

apple pie, in my opinion. You may disagree and  that's okay. Whipped cream complements apple pie.  

Now, I've heard many people put a piece of cheese  on apple pie and they think that cheese really  

complements apple pie. That's one that's for me a  little bit. I don't know it sounds a little weird,  

but lots of people think that cheese complement  apple pie. Now thinking about beverages maybe a  

cup of coffee or tea or even hot chocolate  hot apple cider could complement this apple  

pie. A glass of milk complements apple pie. Once a  different options could complement this apple pie.  

So now you know what complement with an E means.  So put an example sentence in the comment. Pause  

the video and think of an example sentence and  remember our structure is something complements  

something and it's a verb so you need to conjugate  your verb accordingly. Pause the video put your  

example in the comment. Now let's talk about  a compliment with an i. This can be both a  

verb to compliment and in noun, compliment or  compliments. The meaning is completely different  

than complement with an E. They don't relate to  each other at all. Okay, so they're completely  

separate words. Compliment with an i, you can  think of them as kind words of praise or approval.  

So if you write in the comment, hey, Jennifer,  awesome video. You can pause right now and write  

that in the comments. Do it, just do it. Okay,  it's part of the example. So pause the video and  

write Hey Jennifer awesome video. Right there. You  just complimented me. Notice you just complimented  

me is that uh now or ever? What do you say now or  were put it in the comments. You just complimented  

me. Well, that's a verb and you can probably  identify the verb because it's conjugated in the  

past simple. You just complimented me because you  just did the action right? If completed, you wrote  

in the comment. You complimented me. I can also  say you complimented my video. I can say that as  

well. And this simply means you offered me words  of praise, words of approval and kind words. Now,  

if I'm walking down the street, and you see me  you say hey, I really liked that sweater. You just  

complimented me. You complimented my sweater. If  I smile and you're like, Jennifer, you have such  

a nice smile. You just complimented me. Okay?  So all these small little nice words those are  

compliments. Those are compliments. Right there.  Did I use it as a noun or a verb? Those those kind  

words, those are compliments. Here, it's been noun  okay. So as a noun, it's a thing like that word of  

approval, that word of praise. It's a thing. Now  of course, you can compliment somebody's smile,  

their hair, their earrings or clothing, things  like that. But in a workplace. Hopefully you're  

going to offer compliments now, hopefully you're  going to offer compliments based on their work  

based on their performance, right? So anytime your  coworker or your employee does a good job, you can  

pay them a compliment, pay them a compliment.  You can also give them a compliment. Those are  

two verbs that we use interchangeably with the  noun. So you can give someone a compliment. You  

can pay someone a compliment, okay, so let's say  you're in a meeting and your coworker gives a  

presentation at the end of the presentation. You  can say that was a really amazing presentation.  

You did an awesome job. Right there. You  just gave your coworker a compliment. Okay,  

you paid your coworker a compliment. Those  two sentence structures are interchangeable  

and they're using the noun form. Now you can  also use the verb form. So pause the video and  

think how can I take this example and change it  into the verb form? Hmm, what do you think? Write  

it in the comments below. How can I take this and  change it into the verb form to compliment? Do you  

have it? You just complimented your coworker you  complimented their presentation you complimented  

them. So in this case, you need to remember that  the meaning is very different between compliment  

and compliment and also how you use them because  compliment with an eye can be used as both a verb  

and a noun. So I want you to get comfortable with  both of these forms. So pause the video and write  

in the comment and example with the noun and the  verb. So why don't you tell us the last time that  

you gave someone a compliment? And the last  time that you complimented somewhat using the  

same sentence in both a noun and a verb form? Are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions,  

hit pause, take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers  

How did you do with that quiz? Make sure you  share your score in the comments below and let's  

continue on to the next group. Lots of students  make mistakes with the next pair. Let's review  

elder and older both of these are used to talk  about advanced age when making a comparison.  

So in order to make that comparison, we need two  people one needs to be younger and one needs to be  

older or older. So let's take Don and Edie and  let's say that Don is 15 and Edie is 18. So of  

course Don is younger and is older. Now let's say  Don and add our brother. So Dawn, Dawn speaking  

and Dawn could say and is my older brother, my  older brother using older to make that comparison  

between the ages and is to describe what type of  brother he is. Now Don could also say Edie is my  

elder brother. Technically, technically Don can  say that. But if Don is a native English speaker  

in North America, don't is not going to see  that because although according to a dictionary,  

and a grammar rule, you can use elder to replace  older in a comparison between two people to talk  

about their age. We don't do that okay to me, it  sounds awkward. It sounds unnatural and it's not  

something I hear. So my recommendation to you is  to use older even though elder is grammatically  

correct. I still want you to use older because it  will help you sound more natural. Now we can also  

make a general statement and say Ed is older than  Don. So notice here I'm using older than that's a  

comparative adjective olders our adjective  then we have our comparative adjective Edie  

is older than dawn. Now in this case, I cannot  say grammatically, I cannot say ad is older than  

dawn. We don't use older then it doesn't exist  as a comparative adjective and that's according  

to grammar as well. So you might be wondering  if I'm telling you don't use elder when you're  

talking about ages between two people. When  can you use elder should you ever use it? Well,  

there is one specific case that we commonly use  it in North America, and that's using elder as  

now a noun okay? Not an adjective as a noun. And  elder an elder would be one and elders would be a  

group. They are senior citizens, senior citizens,  and using the name elder sounds respectful. It  

sounds like a nice thing to say. It's certainly  more polite than describing them as old people,  

right, just describing them. As elders. It's  a sign of respect, and it's very polite,  

but we use this for senior citizens. Now honestly,  my definition of a senior citizen is probably  

about someone who's 80 or older 80 or older.  Why? Because I think in today's modern world,  

people are working well into their 70s. So maybe  previously, you'd be considered a senior citizen  

at 70 or maybe even 65. But I don't see that in  this modern world out when I see a 70 year old. I  

see somebody who's still working still traveling.  When I think of elder I think of like grandmas and  

grandpas sitting in a rocking chair like midday,  okay, so in my mind is someone who's about 80 or  

older. So we have an expression it's just like  a common saying, always respect your elders. I  

heard this all the time when I was growing up  as a kid. Always respect your elders. And keep  

in mind elders as a group as a now remember,  just senior citizens people who are at plots.  

This isn't people in your direct family. So  it's not just talking about my grandmother,  

my grandfather or anything like that. My great  uncle great, great uncle. No, it's about any  

senior citizen. Okay. It doesn't have to be  related to you. So when we say like, always  

respect your elders. I imagine if I'm on a bus,  for example, public transportation, and an elder  

enters the bus gets on the bus. I would give my  seat to that elder person why? Because that's how  

we respect our elders are same thing. If I was in  a grocery store, I would let the elder person go  

in front of me, but remember, that is 80 plus  senior citizen so that's an expression that we  

have always respect your elders. So let me know in  the comment, is that an expression that you have  

in your country? I'm sure it's a universal  concept. And what's something that you do  

to respect your elders? So for me, I always open  doors, I let them go ahead and be in lines. I even  

offered to carry their bags. If they look heavy,  things like that. I always try to help out elders.  

What about you? What's something you do? Now? So  that's how I would recommend using elders to refer  

to a group of senior citizens. And to summarize  when you're just talking about your brother or  

you know, a family member that is more advanced  in age use older don't use elder he'll sound more  

natural. So now you have everything you need to  use these two competently so feel free to leave  

two comments below one with older one with  elder I O. Ira told you how to use elder give  

us an example of how you respect your elders. Are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions,  

hit pause, take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers.  

How did you deal with that quiz? Make sure you  share your score in the comments below and let's  

continue on to the next group. I get questions a  lot on the difference between employed employer,  

employee and employment. Let's review these  now let's start with employed this is a verb  

to employ as a verb of course you need to  conjugate it with your subject and your time  

reference. Now what does this mean? Well, you need  to understand the sentence structure of how to use  

this verb and someone or something like a company  someone employs someone and when that someone or  

something like a company employs someone, that  means that they pay them money in order to do a  

job. That's what the verb employee means. So  let's look at some examples. I could say the  

company employs many students. Now you might think  oh as a student they're just doing the work for  

free volunteer work or it's an internship. No, it  can't. If you use the verb employee, there has to  

be money exchanged for work so it isn't volunteer,  even though that person is a student, if a company  

employs them it means they're paying them to do  that job. Another example you could commonly ask,  

how many people does your company in boy, how many  people work at your company and receive money? In  

order to do that work employee isn't now you are  most likely an employee. If you work for someone  

else, whether it's a company or an individual,  and that someone pays you money to do the work,  

then you're an employee. You're not an employee.  If you own your own business and you work for  

yourself, for example, but if you work for someone  else, or a company, of course, then you're an  

employee. Now as an example, you can ask the same  question that we ask before using the verb employ,  

but this time you would ask how many employees how  many employees does this company have? Because now  

we know an employee is someone who works for a  company and is paid for it. How many employees  

does this company have? Or another example the  company gave every employee a raise? So every  

person at that company that received a paycheck  they gave them all a raise all their employees got  

a raise? Now let's talk about employer. I hear  many students even sometimes needed speakers,  

confused employee and employer. All you have  to remember is employee is the one getting  

paid and the employer is the one paying the  employee. Okay, so employer that's like the bots,  

it's the company employee is the one working at  that company and getting paid. So you can think  

of it as an employer is a company or a person that  employed people now that you know what the verb  

employee needs. For example, let's say you're  going to a job interview. And they say to you,  

HR says to you, we need a reference from  your last employer, your last employer,  

so the last person or company that employed you  notice how all these words are coming together.  

Or another example and this could be a  great example sentence that you leave in  

the comments below. So just think of it I can  say the government is the largest employer in  

my city. And this is true because I live in the  capital and in the capital. That's where all the  

official government business takes place. So the  government is the biggest employer in my city,  

the government employees, the most people so all  the employees, their employees of the government.  

See how it's all coming together. Now, finally,  employment, employment, you can think of this more  

as a concept. It's a noun, and it's the concept  of paying someone for work. But as a concept,  

we talk about it more in terms of employment  rate, employment level, so you'll see employment  

used in a lot of statistics, for example, they  might say right now employment levels are at an  

all time low. So employment levels, that's simply  the number of people employed. Now also they talk  

about unemployment, unemployment. Unemployment,  of course, are the people that are not employed  

are not working for money, right. So you might say  the unemployment rate in my city is really high.  

So the number of people who are not employed  so now you know how to use employ employee,  

employer and employment. So definitely,  it's your turn to practice. Try writing  

four sentences. Leave them in the comments  below. And then feel free to leave a fifth  

bonus sentence and see how many you can use in  one sentence because they all relate together.  

So you might need to watch this video again. Are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions,  

hit pause, take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers.  

What did you do with that quiz? Make sure you  share your score in the comments below and let's  

continue on to the next group. You're doing  so awesome. Our final pair is the difference  

between income and revenue. First of all, you  only need to know this if you own a business or  

if you're interested in business topics. Because  if you're an individual who works for a company,  

if you're an employee, you're employed by a  company. All you need to be concerned about is  

income. Revenue does not apply to you. Okay, but  you might be interested to know about the revenue  

that your company generate. But an individual does  not generate revenue. A company generates revenue.  

So just keep that in mind. So for an individual  let's say you work for a company and you're just  

concerned about the money in your pocket as an  employee. What is income? Income is how much money  

you make from all sources, all sources. Okay. So  what does that mean all sources? Well, let's say  

that you are a full time employee. Okay. And let's  say you have a salary and you make $75,000 a year.  

But in addition to your full time employment,  you're also an artist and you like to paint  

in your spare time, but twice a year you go  to art shows on weekends, and you sell your  

art. You don't consider this a job because you  love painting. It's just a hobby of yours, but  

your paintings are really wonderful, and people  want to buy them so you go to these art shows,  

and you sell your paintings twice a year. And from  those art shows you make $20,000 from your art.  

So your income is not just the money you get from  your employer. Your income is all sources of money  

that you receive. So of course your employer is  probably going to be the most important income  

source I imagine. But if you have any sort  of hobbies that you generate money from even  

if you have a garage sale and you make $1,000  Technically, that's still your income you sell  

a bike and you make 100 bucks, you would include  that in your total income. So your total income  

is the money you make from all sources. Now,  let's go back to the concept of revenue versus  

income. But remember, this is something that  only applies to businesses. Small businesses,  

large businesses, it doesn't matter any type  of business. So in a business revenue is the  

money generated from all sales. So let's say a  company has five different products. And each  

of those products generate some money, and then  you add all of those together and that company  

generates $25 million that year. That's the  revenue the money generated from all sales.  

Now what's income in a company? Income is the  revenue which we just wanted the revenue minus  

the expenses, that leaves you with the income.  So let's say you generate that $25 million but  

to do that you needed to spend $10 million in  advertisement. So your revenue is $25 million,  

but your income is your revenue minus your  expenses. So your income is $15 million. Now,  

just in case you're wondering that is also  referred to as net profit. That's just a  

little onis expression for you. So there you  have it. That's the difference between revenue  

and income. So now is your return to practice. Why  don't you leave two examples in the comments below  

when using revenue and when you think income Are  you ready for your quiz? Here are the questions,  

hit pause, take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play to see the answers.  

Amazing job with this one hour English  lesson. Woohoo, you did it. Way to go.  

Make sure you share your scores in the comments  below. And if you found this video helpful,  

please hit the like button, share  it with your friends and of course  

subscribe. And before you go, make  sure you head on over to my website,  

JForrestEnglish.com and download your free  speaking guide. In this guide I share six  

tips on how to speak English fluently and  confidently and until next time Happy Studying!