Basic English Grammar - Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb

5,339,833 views ใƒป 2012-10-26

English with Ronnie


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Greetings to you. I'm going to teach you very, very important, but very basic English grammar.
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ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚้‡่ฆใงใ™ใŒใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:14
Even if you are at a mid-level in learning English, this will help you to review and
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ไธญ็ดšใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใฃ
00:21
make everything a little easier when you're doing more advanced grammar lessons. So, today's
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ
00:27
lesson is how to recognize a noun, a verb, a siren, an adjective, or an adverb. So, I
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ€ๅ่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž ใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒฌใƒณใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ง
00:40
have given you symbols. I'm going to wait for the sirens to stop. Please stop. Good.
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ทใƒณใƒœใƒซใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒฌใƒณใŒๆญขใ‚€ใฎใ‚’ๅพ…ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
00:47
A noun is going to be represented by an N, a verb is a V, an adjective is a DG, and an
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ๅ่ฉžใฏ N ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ Vใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฏ DGใ€
00:55
adverb is a DV. So, these are universal. If you look in dictionaries or in some kind of
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ DV ใง่กจใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ™ฎ้็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่พžๆ›ธใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ
01:03
grammar book, they will use NV, ADG, and ADV. I did not make these up. I'm not taking credit.
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ๆ›ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€NVใ€ADGใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ ADV ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆง‹ๆˆใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏไฟก็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:11
The very first one is a noun. A noun is a person, a place, or a thing. So, people, all
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ไธ€็•ชๆœ€ๅˆใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใฏใ€ ไบบใ€ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไบบใ€…ใ€
01:19
the people around you are nouns. A place, city names, country names, and things. Anything,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใฎไบบใ€…ใฏใ™ในใฆๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€้ƒฝๅธ‚ ๅใ€ๅ›ฝๅใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒžใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
01:26
living or dead, or inanimate object that has never lived, like this marker, is a noun.
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็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆญปใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€็”ŸใใŸ ใ“ใจใฎใชใ„็„ก็”Ÿ็‰ฉใฏใ™ในใฆๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
01:33
It's a thing. I am a thing. I am a noun. The next one is a verb. A verb is an action
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ใใ‚Œใฏไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ
01:41
word. So, for example, run. I'm too hot to run so fast. Or, jogging. I'm more jogging
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ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆš‘ใ™ใŽ ใฆ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใ€‚
01:49
now, aren't I? Or, going down, or going upstairs. Down, up, run, jog, dance. I can dance, are
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็งใฏไปŠใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ไธ‹ใซ่กŒใใ‹ใ€ไธŠใซ่กŒใใ‹ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ€ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใƒฉใƒณใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ€‚ I can dance ใฏ
01:57
all nouns. This is an action word. We also have verbs that are non-action words, like
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ใ™ในใฆๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ think ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅ‹•ไฝœใ‚’ไผดใ‚ใชใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
02:03
think. I'm thinking, but you don't see me thinking, unless I do this face. So, verbs
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€็งใŒใ“ใฎ้ก”ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใŒ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž
02:11
can be action, you can actually see the action, or non-action. This is what you have to remember
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ใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใพใŸใฏ้žใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
02:18
to make it easy for you. We have a verb, and then we have an adverb, or ADV. A verb has
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ใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่กŒใ†ใŸใ‚ใซ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๆฌกใซๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใพใŸใฏADVใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ
02:32
an adverb beside it. An adverb always describes the verb, or it tells you how the action was
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ๆจชใซใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏๅธธใซ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™
02:42
done. For example, if I use the verb "run", I'm going to tell you how I ran. I would say,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ่ตฐใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ตฐใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:54
for example, "slowly". I run slowly. I don't like running. You can use words like "fast".
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ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€Œใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใ€ใจใ‹ใ€‚ ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Š่ตฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ่ตฐใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้€Ÿใ„ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:12
Most adverbs end in -ly, but not all of them, so that isn't a steadfast rule. I'm just going
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ -ly ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ™ในใฆ ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ขบๅฎŸใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:18
to write "run" here. I run slowly. I run fast. In this sentence, this is your verb, and this
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ŒๅฎŸ่กŒใ€ใจใ ใ‘ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Š่ตฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใง
03:25
is your adverb, because it tells you how the action was done. These two are partners. "Oh,
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎไบŒไบบใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€
03:36
verb has no partner. No noun has no partner. It is sad." That's okay. Noun, you're going
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใซใฏ็›ธๆ‰‹ใŒใชใ„ใ€‚ๅ่ฉžใซใฏ็›ธๆ‰‹ใŒใชใ„ ใ€‚ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใ€ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ ๅ่ฉž
03:43
to get a partner of an adjective. Verb, adverb, that makes sense. Noun, adjective. It doesn't
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ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ็†ใซใ‹ใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
03:52
really jive. It doesn't make sense, but you can remember that. These two are partners,
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚คใƒ–ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€
03:56
this one. An adjective, look at this, almost the same, describes a noun. If we use the
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ใ“ใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅ่ฉžใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็Œซใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใ€็Šฌ
04:05
noun of "cat", don't you love cats and not dogs? If you use the word "cat", you want
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ใงใฏใชใ็ŒซใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ‹? ใ€Œ็Œซใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
04:14
to describe the cat. You can say "colour" or "size" or "shape". I'm going to say, "a
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ใฏใ€็Œซใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ„. ใ€Œ่‰ฒใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝข็Šถใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
04:22
black cat". I don't need a cat, this will do. In this sentence, the word "black" is
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้ป’็Œซใ€ใจ็”ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็Œซใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงๅๅˆ† ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ้ป’ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒ
04:33
my adjective, because it tells me what the cat looks like. You can think of it of what
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็งใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚็ŒซใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
04:40
it looks like. The other thing that you have to be careful of is you do not need to say
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ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œ้ป’็Œซใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
04:46
"a black colour cat". "Black" is only a colour, so please do not say "black colour
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้ป’ใ€ใฏใŸใ ใฎ ่‰ฒใชใฎใงใ€ใ€Œ้ป’
04:53
cat", but say "a black cat". I will come back and teach you how to recognize these
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็Œซใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œ้ป’็Œซใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹
05:00
and how to use these in a sentence. Take them away.
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ๆ–นๆณ•ใจใ€ๆ–‡ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ . ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฅชใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:04
Now, we're going to identify a verb, an adverb, a noun, and an adjective in a sentence. Let's
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๆ–‡ไธญใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉž ใ€ๅ่ฉžใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’่ญ˜ๅˆฅใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:14
look at the first sentence. In these two sentences, I want you to find the verb and the adverb.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใง ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:22
Remember, a verb is the action word, and the adverb tells you how the action was done.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:31
"I walk quickly." In this sentence, can you tell me where the verb is? I'll give you
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ้€Ÿใๆญฉใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ ใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹?
05:41
a hint. It's "walk". You can ask the question, "How is the action done?" or "How do I walk?"
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ใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆญฉใใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆๆญฉใใฎ๏ผŸใ€
05:52
The answer is going to be your adverb. The answer is "quickly". Sorry, this is your adverb.
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็ญ”ใˆใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€Œใ™ใใซใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
06:01
So "I walk quickly" quickly describes how the action is done. That's easy.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ็ด ๆ—ฉใๆญฉใใ€ใฏ ใ€ใใฎๅ‹•ไฝœใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:08
Next one, "I sing very beautifully loudly." "I sing" is your verb. "How do I sing?" What's
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ๆฌกใฏใ€Œๅคงๅฃฐใงใจใฆใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใๆญŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏๆญŒใ†ใ€ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆๆญŒใ†ใฎ๏ผŸใ€ ็งใฎ
06:20
the quality of my singing? Loudly. This is your adverb. Remember, the adverb tells you
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ๆญŒใฎ่ณชใฏ๏ผŸ ใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ
06:31
how the action is done. If we look at these two next sentences, I want you to try and
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ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ๅ่ฉžใจๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’่ญ˜ๅˆฅใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:38
identify the noun and the adjective. Also, it'll help you to identify the verb. I'm going
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ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ญ˜ๅˆฅใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ‚‚ๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
to teach you a trick to make it easy. So, "The cat is tired." In this sentence, can
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซใงใใ‚‹่ฃๆŠ€ใ‚’ไผๆŽˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ€Œ็Œซใฏ็–ฒใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใง
06:56
you find the person, the place, or the thing? Can you do it? It's "cat". "The cat is tired."
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ใ€ไบบใ€ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็‰ฉใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹? ใใ‚Œใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็Œซใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็Œซใฏ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
07:06
In this sentence, we have a cat, which is our noun. Then we have the verb "to be", so
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใซใฏใ€ๅ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹็ŒซใŒใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
07:13
"the cat is". Then we have our adjective. Now remember, the adjective's job is to tell
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ใ€Œthe cat isใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎไป•ไบ‹ใฏ
07:20
us about the cat. How's the cat feeling? What does the cat look like? "The cat's tired.
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็Œซใซใคใ„ใฆ็งใŸใกใซไผใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™. ็Œซใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใฏ๏ผŸ ็Œซใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็Œซใฏ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
07:26
He wants to go to sleep." So, we have our noun, and then our verb, and our adjective.
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ๅฝผใฏ็œ ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ๅ่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:34
This is the trick to help you. If this sentence has a "to be" verb. Now, the "to be" verb
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ ใซใ€Œto beใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œto beใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž
07:44
is, do you know? "Am", "is", or "are". If, in this sentence, you have a "to be" verb
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ใฏใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ขใƒฌใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใ€ใ€Œto beใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ
07:56
followed by another word that usually ends in "ed" or an "ing" ending, it's an adjective.
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ๅพŒใซใ€้€šๅธธ ใ€Œedใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œingใ€ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
08:06
So, if you look at this sentence, "The cat is", "to be" verb, "adjective". This tells
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€ŒThe cat isใ€ใ€ใ€Œto beใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ€Œๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใง
08:12
you how the cat is. Let's go on to "me". "It's summertime in Toronto. I don't feel the air
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็Œซใฎๆง˜ๅญใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใฏๅคใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ†ทๆˆฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ›ใ‚“
08:20
conditioning. I am hot." So, I have "me". I have "to be" verb, and then the magic is
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ใ€‚ๆš‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใซใฏใ€Œ็งใ€ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ€Œๅ‹•่ฉžใซใชใ‚‹ใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้ญ”ๆณ•ใฏ
08:33
"hot". "I" is the noun. That's "me". I'm a person, not a place or a thing. I have my
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ใ€Œ็†ฑใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใ€ใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใงใ™"ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ไบบใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚„็‰ฉใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใซใฏ
08:40
"to be" verb, and then, as you guys will know now, if it's "to be" verb after that, you're
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ใ€Œto beใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซใ€Œto beใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
08:50
going to have an adjective. So, "I am hot. I'm going to leave now. Bye."
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ใฏใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏๆš‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฏไปŠๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ใ€
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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