Spelling - Rules for Third Person 'S'

390,917 views ・ 2013-06-19

English with Alex


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:02
Hi guys. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on spelling rules for
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„. μ €λŠ” μ•Œλ ‰μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 클릭해 μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:08
the third person present simple. In English, the third person is very special in the present
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 3인칭 ν˜„μž¬ μ² μžλ²•μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ°•μ˜μ— μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ 3인칭은 ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•μ—μ„œ 맀우 νŠΉλ³„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
simple because, well, the verb is different than when you say "I", "you", "we", or "they".
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "I", "you", "we" λ˜λŠ” "they"라고 말할 λ•Œμ™€ λ‹€λ₯΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
For example, if we look at the verb "start", we say, "I start" in the present simple, "you
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 동사 "start"λ₯Ό 보면 ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœμ—μ„œλŠ” "I start"라고 λ§ν•˜κ³ 
00:28
start" in the present simple, and then we say "we start" and "they start". However,
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ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœμ—μ„œλŠ” "you start"라고 λ§ν•œ λ‹€μŒ "we start"와 "they start"라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
00:33
for the third person, which is "he", "she", or "it", we say, "he starts", "she starts",
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"κ·Έ", "κ·Έλ…€" λ˜λŠ” "그것"인 3인칭에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” "κ·Έκ°€ μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€", "κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€",
00:42
"it starts". Okay. Today we're going to look at some spelling rules for this third person
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"그것이 μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€"라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”. 였늘 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 3인칭 S에 λŒ€ν•œ λͺ‡ 가지 철자 κ·œμΉ™μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
S. Now, those of you who have been studying English for a while know that we usually add
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자, ν•œλ™μ•ˆ μ˜μ–΄ 곡뢀λ₯Ό ν•΄μ˜€μ‹  뢄듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 일반적으둜
00:55
an "s" or an "es" or an "ies" to the end of a verb when we're writing it in the third
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"s" λ˜λŠ” "es" λ˜λŠ” "ies"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  계싀 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 3인칭으둜 μ“Έ λ•Œ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 끝
01:02
person. So today, we're going to look at these rules. And if you're wondering, well, "When
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ 이 κ·œμΉ™μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . "
01:07
do I add "es"" "When do I add just "s"", this is what this lesson is for. We're not going
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es"λŠ” μ–Έμ œ μΆ”κ°€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "s"λŠ” μ–Έμ œ μΆ”κ°€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"κ°€ κΆκΈˆν•˜μ‹œλ‹€λ©΄ 이 λ ˆμŠ¨μ„ μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έκ²ƒμ˜
01:13
to focus so much on the pronunciation part of it. That will be saved for another lesson.
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발음 뢀뢄에 λ„ˆλ¬΄ μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 그것은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μœ„ν•΄ μ €μž₯λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
Today, I just want to look at the written part and tell you how to write these things.
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μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ κ·Έλƒ₯ 쓰여진 뢀뢄을 보고 이런 것듀을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ“°λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦¬λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
So No. 1, we have four verbs. We have "start", "stand", "work", "read". In the first person
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 1번, 동사가 4개 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ‹œμž‘", "μΌμ–΄μ„œκΈ°", "μž‘μ—…", "읽기"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 1인칭으둜
01:35
we say: "I start"; "I stand"; "I work"; "I read"; but in the third person, as most of
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§ν•œλ‹€: "λ‚˜λŠ” μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€"; "λ‚˜λŠ” μ„œμžˆλ‹€"; "λ‚˜λŠ” μΌν•œλ‹€"; "λ‚˜λŠ” μ½μ—ˆλ‹€"; ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ“―μ΄ 3μΈμΉ­μ—μ„œλŠ”
01:42
you likely know, we have to say: "starts", "stands", "works", "reads", right? So for
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"μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ‹€", "μ„œλ‹€", "μž‘λ™ν•˜λ‹€", "읽닀"라고 말해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ
01:51
most verbs in the English language, we just add "s" to the ends of the base form of the
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ˜μ–΄ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 동사 κΈ°λ³Έν˜• 끝에 "s"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:58
verb. So I'm just going to write that here. Add "s" at the end of most verbs. Okay? Now,
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” 여기에 그것을 μ“Έ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 동사 끝에 "s"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? 자,
02:14
I don't want to give you a rule that says, "at the end of all consonants", or "at the
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μ €λŠ” "λͺ¨λ“  자음의 λμ—μ„œ" λ˜λŠ” "
02:19
end of all vowels", because it's not true. So that's why I said at the end of "most"
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λͺ¨λ“  λͺ¨μŒμ˜ λμ—μ„œ"λΌλŠ” κ·œμΉ™μ„ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ μ£Όκ³  싢지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그것은 사싀이 μ•„λ‹ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜"
02:24
verbs we just add "s". Now, we have No. 2. We have, "catch", "smash",
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동사 끝에 "s"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•œλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 2번이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "catch", "smash",
02:31
"pass", "fix", "buzz". To these five verbs, we actually have to add "es". So we say, "he"
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"pass", "fix", "buzz"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 λ‹€μ„― λ™μ‚¬μ—λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ "es"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "κ·Έ"
02:40
or "she" or "it catches." "He" or "she" or "it smashes." "He" or "she" or "it passes,
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λ˜λŠ” "κ·Έλ…€" λ˜λŠ” "μž‘λŠ”λ‹€"라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "κ·Έ" λ˜λŠ” "κ·Έλ…€" λ˜λŠ” "λΆ€μˆ˜λ‹€." "κ·Έ" λ˜λŠ” "κ·Έλ…€" λ˜λŠ” "톡과,
02:51
fixes, and buzzes." So we add "es". So what's the rule here? Well, if you look at the end
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μˆ˜μ • 및 μœ™μœ™ κ±°λ¦Ό." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "es"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ κ·œμΉ™μ€ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 음,
02:59
of each verb, we have "ch", "sh", "s", "x", "z". Any time -- any verb that ends in "ch",
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각 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 끝을 보면 "ch", "sh", "s", "x", "z"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ΅­μΈμΈμ§€ 미ꡭ인인지에 따라 "ch",
03:08
"sh", "s", "x", or "z" -- or "zed", depending on if you're British or American -- just add
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"sh", "s", "x", "z" λ˜λŠ” "zed"둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
03:16
"es". So the rule is: Add "es" to verbs that end with "ch", "sh", "s", "x", or "z" or "zed".
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" μ—μŠ€". λ”°λΌμ„œ κ·œμΉ™μ€ "ch", "sh", "s", "x" λ˜λŠ” "z" λ˜λŠ” "zed"둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 동사에 "es"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:45
Okay, now let's look at another list of verbs, and these are verbs that end in "y". And we
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자, 이제 λ‹€λ₯Έ 동사 λͺ©λ‘μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이듀은 "y"둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
actually have two categories of them. We have No. 3, No. 4, "study", "hurry", "carry", "stay",
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 두 가지 λ²”μ£Όκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 3번, 4번, "곡뢀", "μ„œλ‘˜λŸ¬", "κ°€μ Έλ‹€", "머무λ₯΄λ‹€",
04:01
"enjoy", "decay". Now, all these verbs end in "y", but they do have a difference for
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"즐기닀", "λΆ€νŒ¨"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 이 λͺ¨λ“  λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "y"둜 λλ‚˜μ§€λ§Œ λ²”μ£Όλ§ˆλ‹€ 차이가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:07
each category. In this one -- "study", "hurry", "carry" -- each verb actually ends in a consonant
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. μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ -- "study", "hurry", "carry" -- 각 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 자음
04:16
plus a "y". So "d", "r", and "r" again are consonants. So when we have a consonant +
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κ³Ό "y"둜 λλ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ "d", "r" 및 "r"은 λ‹€μ‹œ μžμŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 자음 +
04:26
"y" you must change the "y" to "i" and add "es". So we have "studies", "hurries", and
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"y"κ°€ 있으면 "y"λ₯Ό "i"둜 λ³€κ²½ν•˜κ³  "es"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "곡뢀", "μ„œλ‘˜λŸ¬",
04:37
"carries". And I apologize -- basically, all you have to do -- imagine this is not here,
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"운반"이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μ‚¬κ³Όλ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€. 기본적으둜 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  일은 μ—¬κΈ°κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³  상상해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”,
04:45
right? Erase the "y"; add "ies". So the rule is: We add -- sorry -- we remove "y" and add
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κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ? "y"λ₯Ό μ§€μš°μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. "이"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ κ·œμΉ™μ€ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μΆ”κ°€ -- μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ -- "y"λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•˜κ³ 
05:01
"ies" when the verb ends with a consonant + "y". Okay. And this should give you an idea
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동사가 자음 + "y"둜 λλ‚˜λ©΄ "ies"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”. 그리고 이것은
05:26
about what the rule is for the next one. So here, we have three verbs that end in "y",
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λ‹€μŒ κ·œμΉ™μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ·œμΉ™μ΄ 무엇인지에 λŒ€ν•œ 아이디어λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ° "y"둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” μ„Έ 개의 동사가
05:33
but they end in a vowel + "y" -- vowel, "a-o-a". So when you have this, simply add "s". So
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ λͺ¨μŒ + "y" -- λͺ¨μŒ "a-o-a"둜 λλ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 이것이 μžˆμ„ λ•Œ "s"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜κΈ°λ§Œ ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
05:43
we have: "stays", "enjoys", "decays". So the rule for this -- unlike the consonant + "y"
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "λ¨Έλ¬Όλ‹€", "즐긴닀", "λΆ€νŒ¨ν•˜λ‹€"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 이에 λŒ€ν•œ κ·œμΉ™μ€ -- 자음 + "y"와 달리 --
05:53
-- is: Add "s" when the verb ends with a vowel + "y". That's it.
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동사가 λͺ¨μŒ + "y"둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 경우 "s"λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 그게 λ‹€μ•Ό.
06:14
Okay, guys. If you'd like to test your understanding of this material, if you'd like to improve
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μ’‹μ•„, μ–˜λ“€ μ•„. 이 μžλ£Œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 이해도λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•˜κ³  μ‹Άκ±°λ‚˜ λ§žμΆ€λ²•μ„ κ°œμ„ ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ www.engvid.comμ—μ„œ
06:20
your spelling, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com. Good luck.
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ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό 확인할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . ν–‰μš΄μ„ λΉŒμ–΄μš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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