Grammar for Beginners - Making Questions with "To Be"

131,915 views ใƒป 2010-03-30

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, this is Alex.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:07
Thank you for clicking, and welcome to this beginner lesson on how to make questions with
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ่ณชๅ•ใฎไป•ๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ๅ‘ใ‘ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ
00:12
the verb "to be."
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ใ€‚
00:14
So, by this point, you should know the conjugation with the verb "to be" and its various subjects.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚็‚นใพใงใซ ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใจใใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชไธป้กŒใจใฎๆดป็”จใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
00:21
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:22
So you say, "I am," "you are," "he," "she," or "it is," "we are," "they
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใชใฉใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎ
00:29
are."
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:30
So, we have some sentences on the board here.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใฎใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:33
Now, these are all present tense, so remember, these are present tense questions right now.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„.
00:39
We have, "He is a teacher," "They are your friends," and "You are a student."
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็”Ÿๅพ’ใงใ™ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:47
How do we make these into questions?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ณชๅ•ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:49
Very, very simple.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
00:51
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:52
With the verb "to be," if you want to find out if he is a teacher, you simply put the
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ใ€Œto beใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ ใฆใ€ๅฝผใŒๆ•™ๅธซใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅ˜ใซ
01:01
verb "to be" in front.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใ‚’ๅ‰ใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:04
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:05
Same with this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ€‚
01:09
So here, "He is a teacher," the question becomes, "Is he a teacher?"
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆ•™ๅธซใงใ™ใ€ ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆ•™ๅธซใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:21
The question here becomes, the statement is, "They are your friends," so the question
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ใ“ใ“ใง ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใชใฎใงใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
01:26
is, "Are they your friends?"
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:39
Running out of space, that's okay.
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ใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใŒไธ่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
01:41
"Are they your friends?" and "You are a student," becomes, again, put "are"
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"ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ" ใจใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ€ใฏใ€ๅ†ใณใ€
01:47
in front of the verb "to be," "Are you a student?"
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใฎๅ‰ใซใ€Œareใ€ใ‚’็ฝฎใใ€ ใ€ŒAre you a student?ใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:58
Okay, now, in speaking, it is very important when making questions that your voice kind
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ ๅฃฐใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆ
02:08
of goes up at the end.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:11
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:12
So, "Is he a teacher?"
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
02:15
The way, the correct way to ask that question is, "Is he a teacher?"
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„่จ€ใ„ๆ–น ใฏใ€ŒIs he a teacher?ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:19
So this, your voice goes up.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃฐใŒไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:21
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:22
Your voice goes up.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃฐใŒไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:23
"Is he a teacher?
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ‹
02:26
Are they your friends?"
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๏ผŸๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
02:28
Voice goes up.
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ๅฃฐใŒใ‚ใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
02:29
"Are you a student?"
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"ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ"
02:31
Your voice goes up.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃฐใŒไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:34
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:35
So again, with "I am," the question form would be, "Am I?"
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€ŒI amใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใ€่ณชๅ•ๅฝขๅผใฏใ€ŒAm I?ใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:41
So again, if I say, "I am a teacher," "Am I a teacher?"
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ•™ๅธซใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ•™ๅธซใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
02:45
Yes.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚
02:46
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:47
You say, "You are," it becomes, "Are you?"
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๏ผŸใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:50
So again, if I say, "You are a student," the question is, "Are you a student?"
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจ ใ€่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:56
If I say, "He is a policeman," the question becomes, "Is he a policeman?"
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ่ญฆๅฎ˜ใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ€Œ ๅฝผใฏ่ญฆๅฎ˜ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:03
If I say, "We are students," the question is, "Are we students?" and if I say, "They
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใซใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰
03:12
are students," then the question is, "Are they students?"
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ใ€่ณชๅ•ใฏ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:17
Now let's look at the past tense and making questions in the past tense using the verb
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใจ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:22
"to be."
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ใ€‚
03:25
So for the past tense, the rule is exactly the same for the verb "to be."
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏ ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ€Œto beใ€ใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:30
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:31
However, for the past tense, we say, "I was," "You were," "He, she, or it was," "We were,"
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใพใŸใฏใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏใ€
03:40
and "They were."
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ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:41
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:42
So I have three sentences here.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ 3 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:44
First one says, "He was born in Iraq."
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ‚คใƒฉใ‚ฏใง็”Ÿใพใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:47
Second one, "They were hungry."
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2ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ŒใŠ่…นใŒใ™ใ„ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:50
And the third one, "You were angry."
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ใใ—ใฆ3ใค็›ฎใฏ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ€’ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใ€‚
03:52
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:53
So the same idea again, "He was" becomes, "Was he," "They were" becomes, "Were they,"
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ๅŒใ˜่€ƒใˆใŒๅ†ใณใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ€ใฏใ€Œๅฝผใงใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ใซใชใ‚Š ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใฏใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€ใซ
04:03
and "You were" becomes, "Were you."
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ใชใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใงใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ใซใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:06
So again, "He was born in Iraq."
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ‚คใƒฉใ‚ฏใง็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€‚
04:08
The question is, "Was he, was he born in Iraq?"
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ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผ ใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚ฏใง็”Ÿใพใ‚ŒใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:18
And a question mark, "They were hungry," the question is, "Were they hungry?"
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ€ ใจใ„ใ†็–‘ๅ•็ฌฆใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠ่…นใŒใ™ใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:32
And "You were angry" becomes, in question form, "Were you angry?"
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ€’ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใฏ ใ€่ณชๅ•ๅฝขๅผใงใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ€’ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?ใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:41
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:45
So again, just remember for the pronunciation as well, when you're asking the questions,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซ ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
04:50
"Was he born in Iraq?"
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ‚คใƒฉใ‚ฏใง็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹?ใ€ใจ่ณชๅ•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‚‚่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:52
Voice goes up.
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ๅฃฐใŒใ‚ใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:53
"Were they hungry?"
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:56
Voice goes up.
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ๅฃฐใŒใ‚ใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:57
"Were you angry?"
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ใ€Œๆ€’ใฃใŸ๏ผŸใ€
04:59
Voice goes up.
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ๅฃฐใŒใ‚ใŒใ‚‹ใ€‚
05:01
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:02
So this is a very, very easy way to remember how to make questions with the verb "to be."
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ่ณชๅ•ใฎไป•ๆ–นใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:09
Just switch the subject with the conjugated form of the verb "to be."
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ไธป่ชžใ‚’ใ€Œto beใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆดป็”จๅฝขใซๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:13
So remember, "I am" becomes, "Am I," "You are" becomes, "Are you," etc.
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ใ€ŒI amใ€ใŒใ€ŒAm Iใ€ใ€ ใ€ŒYou areใ€ใŒใ€ŒAre youใ€ใชใฉใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:20
Okay?
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ใ€‚
05:21
So to test your knowledge of making questions with the verb "to be" in the present tense
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใ‚’็พๅœจๅฝข
05:26
and in the past tense, please check out www.engvid.com and do the quiz.
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ใจ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใง่ณชๅ•ใ™ใ‚‹็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใซ ใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:31
My name is Alex.
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
05:32
Thanks for watching.
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่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
05:33
Take care.
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ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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