Improve Your Professional English: Master Active and Passive Voice Fast!

19,097 views ・ 2025-01-05

English Fluency Journey


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hey there, guys, welcome back to the channel.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„, 채널에 λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:02
So today we're tackling a grammar
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ˜€λŠ˜μ€
00:05
topic that confuses a lot of people active voice versus passive voice.
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ ν˜Όλ™ν•˜λŠ” 문법 주제인 λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ™€ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ‹€λ£¨κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:10
Don't worry, though, I'll make it super easy and maybe even a little fun.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ±±μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”. 정말 μ‰½κ²Œ, 그리고 μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ 재미있게 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”.
00:14
We'll talk about what they are, how to form them in
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것이 무엇인지, λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ 그것을 ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 방법,
00:17
different tenses and throw in some real life examples,
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그리고 λͺ‡ 가지 μ‹€μ œ 사둀λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 이야기할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
because who doesn't love relatable grammar, right?
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곡감할 수 μžˆλŠ” 문법을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λˆ„κ°€ μžˆκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 맞죠?
00:23
OK, so
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, 그러면
00:25
the active voice is straightforward.
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λŠ₯λ™νƒœλŠ” κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜μ£ .
00:28
The subject of the sentence is doing the action,
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λ¬Έμž₯의 μ£Όμ–΄λŠ” 마치
00:31
like I ate pizza. easy, right?
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ν”Όμžλ₯Ό 먹은 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ™μž‘μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 쉽죠?
00:34
I'm the subject and I'm doing the
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έ 주제이고,
00:37
best action ever eating pizza.
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ν”Όμžλ₯Ό 먹으며 졜고의 μ•‘μ…˜μ„ μ·¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
Now in the passive voice, it's like
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이제 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ‘œ 보면
00:43
the pizza is the star, the focus shifts.
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ν”Όμžκ°€ 주인곡인 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ 초점이 μ΄λ™ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
The pizza was eaten by me. Same
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λ‚΄κ°€ ν”Όμžλ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄μš”. 같은
00:50
idea, but we’re flipping the focus.
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μƒκ°μ΄μ§€λ§Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ°”κΎΈκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 마치
00:53
It sounds a little like I'm confessing something at a crime scene.
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범죄 ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ 무언가λ₯Ό μžλ°±ν•˜λŠ” 것 같은 λŠλ‚Œμ΄λ„€μš”.
00:57
Right?
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였λ₯Έμͺ½?
00:58
So why do we even use passive voice?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ μ™œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν• κΉŒμš”?
01:00
Well, sometimes it's because we don't know who did the action.
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” λˆ„κ°€ κ·Έ 행동을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œ 수 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬ΈμΌ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
Or because we want a sound fancy, using
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λ˜λŠ” 더 멋진 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό 원할 λ•Œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄
01:08
passive voice will make you sound more natural and even sophisticated in certain contexts.
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νŠΉμ • λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ 더 μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ³  심지어 μ„Έλ ¨λ˜κ²Œ 듀릴 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
Native speakers often use passive voice to emphasize
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원어민은 μ’…μ’… ν–‰λ™μ˜ μ£Όμ²΄λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” ν–‰λ™μ΄λ‚˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©°
01:18
the action or outcome rather than the doer
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01:21
of the action, and they often use it without thinking.
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, μ’…μ’… 생각 없이 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
Especially when the subject is unknown or unimportant,
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특히 μ£Όμ œκ°€ μ•Œλ €μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ λ•Œ,
01:28
which helps with a natural flow of conversations.
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μ΄λŠ” λŒ€ν™”μ˜ μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 흐름에 도움이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
Passive voice allows you to avoid repeating
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ λ¬Έμž₯ μ†μ—μ„œ μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό λ°˜λ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것을 ν”Όν•  수 μžˆλŠ”λ°
01:35
the subject in a sentence, which can feel redundant in English.
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, μ΄λŠ” μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” μ€‘λ³΅λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ 느껴질 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
Also, passive voice adds a formal tone
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λ˜ν•œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” 언어에 곡식적인 μ–΄μ‘°λ₯Ό 더해
01:41
to your language, which can make you sound more refined and professional.
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더 μ„Έλ ¨λ˜κ³  μ „λ¬Έμ μœΌλ‘œ λ“€λ¦¬κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
All right, here's the fun part how to
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μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제
01:48
actually form these sentences in different tenses,
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ λ¬Έμž₯을 ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•œ μž¬λ°ŒλŠ” 뢀뢄을 μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
and don't worry it's easier than it looks, so let's break it down.
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κ±±μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”. λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것보닀 μ‰½κ±°λ“ μš”. ν•˜λ‚˜ν•˜λ‚˜ μžμ„Ένžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ£ .
01:56
Let's start with the present simple and the active voice.
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ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•κ³Ό λŠ₯λ™νƒœλΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
I eat pizza, and this is how we
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μ €λŠ” ν”Όμžλ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ”λ°, μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 주어와
02:02
form it subject plus base verb.
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동사 μ›ν˜•μ„ ν˜•μ„±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
I eat pizza.
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν”Όμžλ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ”λ‹€.
02:07
I is the subject and the verb eat is in its base form.
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μ£Όμ–΄λŠ” 'I'이고 동사 'eat'λŠ” μ›ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
Now in the passive voice, this sentence sounds like
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이제 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ‘œ 보면 이 λ¬Έμž₯은 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ“€λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:14
this,- Pizza is eaten by me, object
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. ν”Όμžλ₯Ό λ‚΄κ°€ λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ©μ μ–΄μ—
02:18
plus am/is/are and plus past participle.
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am/is/areλ₯Ό λ”ν•˜κ³  κ³Όκ±° 뢄사λ₯Ό λ”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
past participle is the third form of the verb.
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κ³Όκ±° λΆ„μ‚¬λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μ„Έ 번째 ν˜•νƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
Here pizza is our object, and the verb
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ pizzaλŠ” λͺ©μ μ–΄μ΄κ³ , 동사
02:28
eaten is in its past participle form.
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eatedλŠ” κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
See, you're basically just adding is or are and flipping the focus.
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μ•„μ‹œκ² μ£ , κΈ°λ³Έμ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” isλ‚˜ areλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜κ³  μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ°”κΎΈλŠ” κ±°μ£ .
02:37
Now let's take a look at the examples in the past simple tense.
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이제 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœν˜•μ˜ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
We have a sentence in the active voice
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” '
02:44
she fixed the car, and this is how we form it subject plus past tense verb.
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she fixed the car'λΌλŠ” λŠ₯λ™νƒœ λ¬Έμž₯을 가지고 있고, μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 주어와 κ³Όκ±°ν˜• 동사λ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
She is the subject and
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 주어이고,
02:51
fix is in its past tense form, which is fixed.
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fixλŠ” κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄λ©°, fixedμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
And in the passive voice, this sentence sounds like this
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그리고 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ‘œ 이 λ¬Έμž₯을 읽으면 '
02:58
the car was fixed by her, so we
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ°¨λ₯Ό 고쳐쀬닀' μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ“€λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
03:02
take the object we put it first, then we add was
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μ²˜μŒμ— 뢙인 λͺ©μ μ–΄λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜κ³ , κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— was
03:06
or were. plus past participle.
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λ‚˜ were을 λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³Όκ±° 뢄사도 좔가됨.
03:09
The car is the object, then we added was because there was only one car.
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μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ λͺ©μ μ–΄μΈλ°, μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ ν•œ λŒ€λΏμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
And then we added the verb in its past participle form.
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그리고 동사λ₯Ό κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μΆ”κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
At the end we add by and the subject
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μ— by와 μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜μ—¬
03:20
to let the listener know who performed the action.
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μ²­μ·¨μžμ—κ²Œ λ™μž‘μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λˆ„κ΅¬μΈμ§€ μ•Œλ €μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
However, we could also drop it and simply
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλƒ₯ ν¬κΈ°ν•˜κ³ 
03:26
say the car was fixed. if the doer is not important.
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μ°¨κ°€ κ³ μ³μ‘Œλ‹€κ³ λ§Œ 말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν–‰μœ„μžκ°€ μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 경우.
03:30
Or if you don't want to say who did the action, like
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λ˜λŠ” 첫 번째 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œμ²˜λŸΌ λˆ„κ°€ κ·Έ 행동을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λ§ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•Šλ‹€λ©΄,
03:33
in the first example, you could just say,- pizza was eaten, and we don't know who did it.
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"ν”Όμžλ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆκ³  λˆ„κ°€ ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€"고만 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
Although you might know, but you just don't want to say it.
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μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, λ§ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•Šμ€ 것.
03:40
Now let's take a look at the examples in the future simple tense,
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이제 미래 μ‹œμ œμ˜ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
so we have the active voice,- we will finish the
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λŠ₯λ™νƒœ, 즉 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό 끝마칠 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” ν‘œν˜„
03:47
project, and we have the passive voice.
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κ³Ό μˆ˜λ™νƒœκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:49
The project will be finished by us.
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κ·Έ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ™„λ£Œν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
Or adjust the project will be finished.
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λ˜λŠ” ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ μ™„λ£Œλ  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
All right, so in the active voice we have the subject,
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μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그러면 λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ—μ„œ μ£Όμ–΄λŠ”
03:57
which is we, then we add will for the future tense and
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we이고, λ―Έλž˜ν˜•μ„ μœ„ν•΄ will을 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜κ³ ,
04:01
And then we have the verb finish in its base form,
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동사 finishλ₯Ό κΈ°λ³Έν˜•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³ ,
04:03
and then we add the object.
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λͺ©μ μ–΄λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
For the passive voice again we put the object first,
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λ„ λͺ©μ μ–΄μΈ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό λ¨Όμ € 놓고
04:09
which is the project, and then we add will be
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,
04:12
it's easy here, and then the verb in its
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여기에 will be it's easyλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜κ³ ,
04:16
past participle form, which is finished here.
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κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœμ˜ 동사λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œλŠ” μ™„λ£Œν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
Passive voice in the future is all
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미래의 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” '
04:22
about adding will be.
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될 것'을 λ”ν•˜λŠ” 것에 κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 마치
04:24
It's like saying, relax, this will get done! Eventually!
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, κΈ΄μž₯ ν’€κ³ , 이 일은 끝날 κ±°μ•Ό!라고 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것과 κ°™μ•„μš”. κ²°κ΅­!
04:28
One little side note, of course, to be able to
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λ¬Όλ‘ , ν•œ 가지 μ•Œμ•„λ‘μ–΄μ•Ό ν•  점은
04:31
form the passive voice in different tenses you need to know your tenses.
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:36
However, this video will also help you with that.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 μ˜μƒμ΄ κ·Έ 뢀뢄에도 도움이 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
All right on to the present continuous.
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이제 ν˜„μž¬ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°€κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
And here's the example sentence in the active voice,
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그리고 여기에 λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ˜ 예문이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
04:45
They are painting the house.
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그듀은 집을 μΉ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ£Όμ–΄λŠ”
04:48
And here's the formula we have the subject, which
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04:51
is they, and then we add am/is/are
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they이고, κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— am/is/areλ₯Ό λ”ν•˜λŠ” 곡식이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
In our case it's are, and then a verb with the -ing ending.
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우리의 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” are이고, κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— -ing둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
In our case it's painting.
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우리의 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” κ·Έλ¦Ό κ·Έλ¦¬λŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
05:02
And then the object, which is the house in our case.
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그리고 우리의 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 집이 κ·Έ λŒ€μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
And for the passive voice we put the object first,
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ 경우, λͺ©μ μ–΄λ₯Ό λ¨Όμ € μ“°κ³ , κ·Έ
05:08
and then we add am/is/are plus
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λ‹€μŒμ— am/is/are와
05:12
being and plus past participle.
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being, κ³Όκ±° 뢄사λ₯Ό λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
And this is what we get the house is being
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그리고 이게 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–»λŠ” 정보인데,
05:19
painted by them or just the house is being painted. Right now.
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그듀이 집을 μΉ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ κ·Έλƒ₯ 집이 칠해지고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것. μ§€κΈˆ λ°”λ‘œ.
05:24
Adding being here is important and
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여기에 μžˆλŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ©°,
05:27
this is what makes it sound like the action is happening right now.
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이것이 마치 μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯이라도 μ•‘μ…˜μ΄ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦¬κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:30
Now let's take a look at the past continuous,
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이제 κ³Όκ±° μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:33
so we have a sentence in the active voice.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν™œμ„±νƒœμ˜ λ¬Έμž₯을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
He was cleaning the room, so
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κ·ΈλŠ” 방을 μ²­μ†Œν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ
05:40
we have the subject which is he then we add was or were depending on
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μ£Όμ–΄λŠ” he이고, μ£Όμ–΄μ˜ κ°œμˆ˜μ— 따라 wasλ‚˜ were을 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜κ³ 
05:45
the subject's number, and then we add a verb with the -ing ending.
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, -ing둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 동사λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
In our case it's cleaning.
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우리의 κ²½μš°λŠ” μ²­μ†Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
And now let's take a look at the passive voice.
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이제 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
The room was being cleaned by him,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 방을 μ²­μ†Œν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ
05:58
so again we have the object first which is the room, and then
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ°©μ΄λΌλŠ” λͺ©μ μ–΄κ°€ λ¨Όμ € 있고, κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ—
06:02
we add was or were. plus being, which is
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wasλ‚˜ were을 μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 being이고
06:05
important here, and then past participle.
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, κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ€ κ³Όκ±° λΆ„μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:08
Same deal as the present continuous.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•κ³Ό λ™μΌν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
Now as dive into the present perfect, our favorite tense.
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이제 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μž₯ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œμ œμΈ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
So lets take a look at our example in the active
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그러면 κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ“΄ 책을 λŠ₯λ™νƒœλ‘œ ν‘œν˜„ν•œ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:18
voice she has written a book. So
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
06:21
we have a subject again which is she then we add has
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹€μ‹œ μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ³  그것은 she이고 κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— hasλ₯Ό λ”ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
06:25
or have in our case it’s has.
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, 우리의 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” haveλ₯Ό λ”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
And then we add the past participle.
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그리고 κ³Όκ±° 뢄사λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
In our case it's the verb written.
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우리의 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 쓰여진 λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λŠ”
06:33
is the third form of the verb write- write, wrote, written.
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동사 write의 μ„Έ 번째 ν˜•νƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ“°λ‹€, 썼닀, μΌμ–΄μš”.
06:37
In the passive voice, of course we put the object first,
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ” λ¬Όλ‘ , λͺ©μ μ–΄
06:40
which is a book, and we say a book has
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인 책을 λ¨Όμ € 놓고, '
06:44
been written by her.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 책을 썼닀'κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
So here's the formula: object plus has been
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곡식은 μ΄λ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ©μ μ–΄ λ”ν•˜κΈ° has been
06:49
or have been, and plus past participle.
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λ˜λŠ” have been, 그리고 λ”ν•˜κΈ° κ³Όκ±° 뢄사.
06:52
The magic words here are has been or have been.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ§ˆλ²•μ˜ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” has been λ˜λŠ” have beenμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:56
A book has been written by her.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 책을 μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:59
It's perfect for sounding fancy when talking about accomplishments.
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성취에 λŒ€ν•΄ 말할 λ•Œ ν™”λ €ν•˜κ²Œ 듀리기에 μ™„λ²½ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:03
All right, now let's take a look at the past perfect
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μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
tense so we have a sentence in the active voice
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그러면
07:09
he had solved the problem.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λΌλŠ” λŠ₯λ™νƒœ λ¬Έμž₯이 λ‚˜μ˜¬ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
And this is our formula so we have the subject which
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이게 우리의 κ³΅μ‹μ΄μ—μš”. μ£Όμ–΄λŠ”
07:15
is he, and then we add the auxiliary verb had
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he이고, 보쑰 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” hadμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
And then we add the verb in the past participle form,
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그리고 κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœμ˜ 동사λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λ©΄
07:21
which is solved, and then the object, which is the problem.
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λ¬Έμ œκ°€ ν•΄κ²°λ˜κ³ , λͺ©μ μ–΄λŠ” λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
He had solved the problem.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν–ˆλ‹€.
07:27
And in the passive voice this sentence sounds like this
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ‘œ 이 λ¬Έμž₯을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λ©΄ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. The problem had been solved by him,
07:30
The problem had been solved by him, so
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so we have to have to add had been.(λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 그에 μ˜ν•΄ ν•΄κ²°λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ
07:35
we have our object and then we add had been.
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λͺ©μ μ–΄κ°€ 있고, had been을 μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.)
07:38
and then we add the verb in the past participle form.
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그리고 동사λ₯Ό κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:42
Past perfect passive is all about using had been.
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κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” had been을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ μž‘μ—… 전에 이미 μ™„λ£Œλœ
07:46
It works great when describing something that was
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μž‘μ—…μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•  λ•Œ 맀우 νš¨κ³Όμ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:49
already completed before another action.
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.
07:52
And lastly, let's break down the passive and active
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ 미래 μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ˜ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ™€ λŠ₯λ™νƒœλ₯Ό 뢄석해 λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:55
voices in the future perfect tense.
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.
07:58
So here is our example sentence of the future perfect and the active voice.
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이제 미래 μ™„λ£Œν˜•κ³Ό λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ˜ μ˜ˆμ‹œ λ¬Έμž₯을 λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:02
They will have completed the task.
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그듀은 κ·Έ μž„λ¬΄λ₯Ό μ™„λ£Œν–ˆμ„ 것이닀.
08:06
Our formula for the active voice stays the same except we add will have.
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λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ— λŒ€ν•œ 우리의 곡식은 will haveλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ œμ™Έν•˜κ³ λŠ” λ™μΌν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:11
Now I look at the example in the passive voice.
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이제 μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
The task will have been completed by them, so
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ν•΄λ‹Ή μž‘μ—…μ€ 이미 μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ—ˆμ„ κ²ƒμ΄λ―€λ‘œ, ν•΄λ‹Ή
08:18
we have our object which as the task then we add will have been.
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μž‘μ—…μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•  객체λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜κ³  will have been을 μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
And then we have our verb in the past participle form.
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그리고 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
Adding been in the passive voice indicates that the
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ— been을 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λ©΄ λ™μž‘μ΄ μˆ˜λ™μ μž„μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:29
action is passive, meaning the subject of
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. 즉, λ¬Έμž₯의 μ£Όμ–΄κ°€
08:33
the sentence is receiving the action rather than performing it.
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λ™μž‘μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ™μž‘μ„ λ°›λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:37
Not going to lie, future perfect passive sounds very
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거짓말은 μ•ˆ ν•˜κ² μ§€λ§Œ, 미래 μ™„λ£Œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” 맀우
08:40
professional, like something you'd say in a business meeting.
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μ „λ¬Έμ μœΌλ‘œ λ“€λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€. 마치 λΉ„μ¦ˆλ‹ˆμŠ€ νšŒμ˜μ—μ„œ ν•  λ²•ν•œ λ§μ²˜λŸΌμš”.
08:43
Now that we've covered how to form them, let's
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이제 문법을 κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ•Œμ•„λ³΄μ•˜μœΌλ‹ˆ,
08:46
take a look at some real life examples for everyday use
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μΌμƒμƒν™œμ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹€μ œ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
because grammar is way more fun when it feels relatable.
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문법은 곡감할 수 μžˆμ„ λ•Œ 훨씬 더 μž¬λ―ΈμžˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
08:54
I wash the dishes.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 섀거지λ₯Ό ν•œλ‹€.
08:56
The dishes are being washed by me.
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λ‚΄κ°€ 섀거지λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
08:58
Sounds like I'm trying too hard to impress my mom.
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μ—„λ§ˆμ—κ²Œ 쒋은 인상을 μ£ΌκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™μ•„μš”.
09:02
He broke the vase, the vase was
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κ·ΈλŠ” 꽃병을 깨뜨렸고, 꽃병은
09:05
broken by him, which is classic and wasn't me defense.
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그에 μ˜ν•΄ κΉ¨μ‘ŒλŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” 고전적인 일이며 제 λ³€λͺ…은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
We will plan the party.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ νŒŒν‹°λ₯Ό κ³„νšν• κ²Œμš”.
09:11
The party will be planned by us.
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νŒŒν‹°λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ³„νšν•  κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
09:15
She is reading the book.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 책을 읽고 μžˆλ‹€.
09:17
The book is being read by her.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ κ·Έ 책을 읽고 μžˆλ‹€.
09:19
Doesn't the sound so dramatic?
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정말 극적이지 μ•Šλ‚˜μš”?
09:23
They were fixing the car.
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그듀은 μ°¨λ₯Ό 고치고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:25
The car was being fixed by them.
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그듀은 μ°¨λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:28
I have eaten the cookies. The cookies
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λ‚˜λŠ” μΏ ν‚€λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
09:31
have been eaten by me. No regrets though!
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λ‚΄κ°€ μΏ ν‚€λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ–΄λ²„λ Έμ–΄μš”. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν›„νšŒλŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
09:34
or The cookies have been eaten! Who did that?
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λ˜λŠ” μΏ ν‚€κ°€ λ¨Ήν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€! λˆ„κ°€ 그런 짓을 ν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?
09:39
Okay, so when do we use passive voice?
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. 그러면 μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν• κΉŒμš”?
09:42
We use it when we don't know who did the action.
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λˆ„κ°€ 행동을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯Ό λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:47
The wallet was stolen. Or the doer isn't important.
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지갑이 λ„λ‚œλ‹Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ κ·Έ ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
09:52
The packages were delivered,
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νŒ¨ν‚€μ§€κ°€ λ°°λ‹¬λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:55
or you want to sound fancy or official.
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ν˜Ήμ€ ν™”λ €ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ κ³΅μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ 듀리고 싢을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
The report has been submitted.
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λ³΄κ³ μ„œκ°€ μ œμΆœλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:00
So yeah, passive voice has its place, but don't overdo it.
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κ·Έλ ‡μ£ , μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” μ μ ˆν•œ μ‚¬μš©μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ³Όμš©ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”.
10:05
Otherwise you'll sound like a robot or someone reading off a police report.
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그렇지 μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ λ‘œλ΄‡μ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦¬κ±°λ‚˜ κ²½μ°° λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό μ½λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ²˜λŸΌ 듀릴 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
Well, that's it for active and passive voice.
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음, λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ™€ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ„€λͺ…은 μ—¬κΈ°κΉŒμ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:12
Remember, use active voice for everyday stuff.
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일상적인 μΌμ—λŠ” ν™œμ„±μ μΈ ν‘œν˜„μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
10:16
It's direct, it's clear, it's you in charge.
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직접적이고 λͺ…ν™•ν•˜λ©°, μ±…μž„μ„ λ§‘λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ λ°”λ‘œ λ‹Ήμ‹ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:19
Save the passive voice.
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ €μž₯ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
10:21
For when you want to focus on the action or sound a little more formal.
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μ•‘μ…˜μ— μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 쑰금 더 κ³΅μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ 듀리고 싢을 λ•Œ.
10:25
But don't overthink it if it sounds awkward or like
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄μƒ‰ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 법정 μ§„μˆ μ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦°λ‹€λ©΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 깊이 μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ 말고
10:28
a courtroom statement, switch to active.
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λŠ₯λ™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ „ν™˜ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
10:30
Practice a few examples and you'll be pro in no time
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λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό μ—°μŠ΅ν•΄ 보면 κΈˆμ„Έ ν”„λ‘œκ°€ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:33
and hey, if you have any funny passive voice moments, drop them in the comments.
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μž¬λ°ŒλŠ” μˆ˜λ™νƒœ ν‘œν˜„μ΄ 있으면 λŒ“κΈ€λ‘œ λ‚¨κ²¨μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
10:38
I need a good laugh.
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μ›ƒμŒμ΄ ν•„μš”ν•΄μš”.
10:39
See you next time.
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λ‹€μŒμ— 또 λ΄μš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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