Expressing - WHO, WHAT, WHEN, HOW, WHY in the English language. Learn English (Mr Duncan) LESSON 15

3,892 views ・ 2025-03-07

English Addict with Mr Duncan


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:01
There are many ways of expressing action in English.
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ 행동을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μ—λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ κ°€μ§€κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:04
We can state a moment when something is happening, using different statements to express the thing that is making it happen.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μˆœκ°„μ„ 말할 수 있으며, κ·Έ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ§„μˆ μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:13
The movement that can be seen, the moment it occurs, the way it is happening, and the reason it is occurring.
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λˆˆμ— λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ›€μ§μž„, 그것이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μˆœκ°„, μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 방식, μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 이유.
00:23
Put simply; we are stating
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κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ λ§ν•΄μ„œ; μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
00:26
who, what, when, how and why.
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λˆ„κ°€, 무엇을, μ–Έμ œ, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ, μ™œλ₯Ό λ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:36
First we will look at β€˜who’ In this statement we are stating the identity of the main thing involved.
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λ¨Όμ € μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'λˆ„κ΅¬'λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 μ§„μˆ μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ΄€λ ¨λœ μ£Όμš” μ‚¬ν•­μ˜ 신원을 λͺ…μ‹œν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
This can be one thing or many things.
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μ΄λŠ” ν•œ 가지일 μˆ˜λ„ 있고 μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
One person or many people.
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ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒ λ˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‚¬λžŒ.
00:50
A single object or many objects.
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단일 개체 λ˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 개체.
00:54
In this example, we will look at β€˜who’. A person is involved.
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이번 μ˜ˆλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” 'λˆ„κ΅¬'에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ΄€λ ¨λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
The action involves a person.
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ν–‰λ™μ—λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν¬ν•¨λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
Human actions without identity will always use β€˜who’ or β€˜whom’.
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정체성이 μ—†λŠ” μΈκ°„μ˜ 행동은 항상 'λˆ„κ΅¬'λ‚˜ 'λˆ„κ΅¬'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
If the main thing involved is an object, then we will say β€˜what’.
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κ΄€λ ¨λœ μ£Όμš” λ‚΄μš©μ΄ 객체라면 '무엇'이라고 말할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
β€˜Who did that?’ or β€˜what did that?’
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'λˆ„κ°€ κ·Έλž¬μ–΄?' λ˜λŠ” '그게 λ­μ˜€μ§€?'
01:19
β€œWho stole my bike?” β€œWhat made that noise?”
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β€œλˆ„κ°€ λ‚΄ μžμ „κ±°λ₯Ό ν›”μ³€λ‚˜μš”?” β€œλ¬΄μŠ¨ μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚¬λ‚˜μš”?”
01:24
We will often use these in the form of a question, asking for the identity of a person or commenting on someone generally will also use β€˜who’ as the subject.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ’…μ’… 이것을 질문의 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©°, μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 신원을 λ¬»κ±°λ‚˜ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 논평할 λ•Œ 일반적으둜 'who'λ₯Ό μ£Όμ–΄λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
β€œWho is that?” β€œI don't know who they are.”
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β€œμ € μ‚¬λžŒμ€ λˆ„κ΅¬μ˜ˆμš”?” β€œκ·Έλ“€μ΄ λˆ„κ΅¬μΈμ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ–΄μš”.”
01:42
When relating an action or asking about the identity of the cause, we will say β€˜who’ if it is a person and β€˜what’ if it is anything else?
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행동을 μ—°κ΄€μ‹œν‚€κ±°λ‚˜ 원인이 무엇인지 물을 λ•Œ, 그것이 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌλ©΄ 'λˆ„κ΅¬'라고 λ§ν•˜κ³ , κ·Έ μ™Έμ˜ 것이라면 '무엇'이라고 말할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:58
It is worth remembering that β€˜what’ also relates to the actual occurrence.
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'무엇'이 μ‹€μ œ 사건과도 μ—°κ΄€λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•΄λ‘˜ ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€.
02:04
As a question put forward... β€œwhat is going on?”
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질문이 μ œμ‹œλœ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ... "무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ±°μ£ ?"
02:09
β€œWhat do you want me to do?”
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β€œλ‚΄κ°€ 무엇을 ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λΌλ‚˜μš”?”
02:11
In this sense, we are stating β€˜what’ as the occurrence itself,
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이런 μ˜λ―Έμ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” '무엇'을 λ°œμƒ 자체둜 μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
The thing done, the thing being done or the thing that will be done,
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μ™„λ£Œλœ 일, μ™„λ£Œλœ 일 λ˜λŠ” μ™„λ£Œλ  일은
02:23
all refer to β€˜what’.
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λͺ¨λ‘ '무엇'을 λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
Next we have β€˜when’.
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λ‹€μŒμ€ 'μ–Έμ œ'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
This relates to time. It is easy to state when something did happen, is happening or will happen.
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μ΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μ–Έμ œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬λŠ”μ§€, μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€, 일어날 것인지λ₯Ό λ§ν•˜κΈ°λŠ” μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
β€œI will see you when you get home.”
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β€œμ§‘μ— 였면 보자.”
02:46
One thing might happen when something else occurs.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 λ°œμƒν•˜λ©΄ ν•œ κ°€μ§€ 일이 λ°œμƒν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
β€œI will clean the car when the rain stops.”
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β€œλΉ„κ°€ 그치면 μ°¨λ₯Ό μ²­μ†Œν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.”
02:55
When relates to the moment or the time when the thing occurs.
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μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μˆœκ°„μ΄λ‚˜ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό 관련될 λ•Œ.
03:01
As a question we will often use β€˜when’ whilst asking about a planned event
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질문으둜 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ³„νšλœ μ΄λ²€νŠΈμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 물을 λ•Œλ‚˜
03:07
or when seeking information concerning the moment of an event taking place.
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μ΄λ²€νŠΈκ°€ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” μˆœκ°„μ— κ΄€ν•œ 정보λ₯Ό 찾을 λ•Œ 'μ–Έμ œ'λ₯Ό 자주 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
β€œWhen will the party start?”
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β€œνŒŒν‹°λŠ” μ–Έμ œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ‚˜μš”?”
03:17
β€œWhen did the robbery take place?”
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β€œκ°•λ„ 사건은 μ–Έμ œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬λ‚˜μš”?”
03:24
Next we will look at 'how',
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λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ 'μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ'λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
in this case, we are looking at the method or the way in which something will be done is being done or was done.
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이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μˆ˜ν–‰λ  λ°©λ²•μ΄λ‚˜ 방식이 μˆ˜ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆκ±°λ‚˜ μˆ˜ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
We often explain the method of something using how.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ’…μ’… 방법을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ–΄λ–€ κ²ƒμ˜ 방법을 μ„€λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
β€œThis is how you tie a knot”.
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"맀듭을 λ¬ΆλŠ” 방법은 λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
03:44
β€œThis is how you make bread.”
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β€œλΉ΅μ€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œμ„Έμš”.”
03:47
As a question, you might ask how.
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질문으둜 방법을 물을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
When unsure of the method of doing something, β€œHow do I turn on the computer?”
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μ–΄λ–€ 일을 ν•˜λŠ” 방법이 ν™•μ‹€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ λ•Œ β€œμ»΄ν“¨ν„°λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μΌœλ‚˜μš”?”
03:57
β€œHow do I get to your house?”
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β€œλ„ˆν¬ μ§‘κΉŒμ§€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λŠ”λ°?”
04:00
We might also use how, when trying to find out the way in which a person was able to do something.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ–΄λ–€ 일을 ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 방식을 μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄λ €κ³  ν•  λ•Œ Howλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:07
As a shocked reaction, you might say, β€œHow could you do that?”
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좩격을 받은 λ°˜μ‘μœΌλ‘œ β€œμ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 그럴 μˆ˜κ°€ μžˆμ§€?”라고 말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
β€œHow could you steal money from your own mother?”
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β€œλ„€κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ„€ μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ˜ λˆμ„ ν›”μΉ  수 μžˆμ—ˆλŠλƒ?”
04:17
This is often said in shock and disbelief.
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이것은 μ’…μ’… 좩격과 λΆˆμ‹  μ†μ—μ„œ 말해진닀.
04:26
Finally, we have the small word with the big question.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 큰 질문과 ν•¨κ»˜ μž‘μ€ 단어λ₯Ό κ°–κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
The word is β€˜why’. We often use β€˜why’ as an interrogative statement when trying to find the reason for something occurring.
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κ·Έ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” 'μ™œ'이닀. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 이유λ₯Ό 찾으렀고 ν•  λ•Œ 의문문으둜 'μ™œ'λ₯Ό 자주 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
β€œWhy did it happen?”
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β€œμ™œ 그런 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬λ‚˜μš”?”
04:44
β€œWhy did you steal my wallet?”
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β€œμ™œ λ‚΄ 지갑을 ν›”μ³€μ–΄μš”?”
04:46
β€œWhy did you lie to me?”
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β€œμ™œ λ‚˜ν•œν…Œ 거짓말을 ν–ˆμ–΄μš”?”
04:49
We can ask for the reason and we can state the reason.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이유λ₯Ό 물을 수 있고 κ·Έ 이유λ₯Ό 말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
β€œI love spending time with you, that is why I enjoy working here.”
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"λ‚˜λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ¦κ²μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
05:01
β€˜Why’ is always the reason.
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'μ™œ'λŠ” 항상 μ΄μœ μ΄λ‹€.
05:04
Whether it is put forward as a question or stated as an explanation in the form of a reply.
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질문으둜 μ œμ‹œλ˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ‹΅λ³€ ν˜•μ‹μ˜ μ„€λͺ…μœΌλ‘œ λͺ…μ‹œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
Remember... β€˜Who’ relates to identity.
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”... 'λˆ„κ΅¬'λŠ” 정체성과 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
β€˜What’ relates to the occurrence. β€˜When’ relates to time.
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'무엇'은 사건과 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 'μ–Έμ œ'λŠ” μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
β€˜How’ relates to the method.
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'μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ'λŠ” 방법과 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:27
β€˜Why’ relates to the reason.
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'μ™œ'λŠ” μ΄μœ μ™€ 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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