AT, BY or ON? English Prepositions Lesson & Quiz

184,729 views ใƒป 2021-10-26

mmmEnglish


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Well hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” mmmEnglish์˜ Emma์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:04
and todayย I am bringing you a very important quiz.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
I'm going to test you on some of the most common
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:11
Englishย prepositions.
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00:12
At, by and on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ.
00:15
These three prepositions can be easily confused
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์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋™๋  ์ˆ˜
00:19
and prepositions in generalย are really important for us because
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š”
00:24
they show how elements of a sentence relate to each other
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
00:28
soย mastering them, feeling confident about them
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ™๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉด
00:30
is going to help you to increase your accuracy andย ultimately
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์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ
00:34
improve your fluency.
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์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:36
And in this lesson, you'll get to test your knowledge of
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š”
00:39
at, by andย on but then I'm going to show you a couple ofย tricks
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at, by, on์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋งค๋ฒˆ
00:43
and some exceptions that will help youย to nail these prepositions
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”๋ น๊ณผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:47
every time.
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.
00:49
Let's go.
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๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:55
Do you have problems with prepositions?
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:59
Prepositions 8x8 is a step-by-step course for intermediate
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ 8x8์€ ์ค‘๊ธ‰์—์„œ
01:03
to advanced learners to go beyondย the basics
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด
01:07
and to learn eight different ways
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01:09
to use eight prepositions in everyday spokenย English.
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์ผ์ƒ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ 8๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” 8๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„
01:14
You'll learn some advanced word patterns that are gonna take your
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๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆด ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:17
Englishย skills to the next level.
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.
01:20
Plus every lesson includes an interactive speaking practice
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์—…์—๋Š” mmm์˜์–ด ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”์‹ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:24
withย me using the mmmEnglish imitation technique.
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.
01:28
Now, of course, I have a free lesson for you to try
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด์ œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:32
soย you can see what you think for yourself.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
Just click the link in the description or follow that oneย up there
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์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋“ฑ๋ก
01:38
and enroll and try it out for yourself.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:42
We're actually going to work backwards today. We'reย going to start
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ์ž‘์—…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
this lesson with a quiz and I think you're actually going to be
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
surprised how manyย times you can use these prepositions
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์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋†€๋ผ์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:54
accurately already. Perhaps you're already making some
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. ์ด๋ฏธ
01:57
goodย choices but there may be a few times when this quiz
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์ข‹์€ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:02
reveals some opportunities to improve.
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.
02:05
Once you identify the gaps in your knowledge,
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์ง€์‹์˜ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋ฉด
02:09
well then you can fill them in, can't you?
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:12
And that's exactly what today's quiz is all about,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
identifying the gaps so that we can fillย them in.
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๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฑ„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
So I have six questions for you. You're going to see a sentence
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์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
up on screen with a blankย space just like this one.
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ํ™”๋ฉด์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
So your job is to decide whether you need to complete that
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น
02:29
sentence withย at, on or by.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ at, on ๋˜๋Š” by๋กœ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
So here it's at.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
The train leaves at 10:27.
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๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋Š” 10์‹œ 27๋ถ„์— ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
All right, are you ready to get intoย it?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
02:40
Let's try the first one.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:42
Okay take a look.
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์ข‹์•„์š” ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:46
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
02:49
The answer is on.
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
We shop atย the market on Saturday.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ† ์š”์ผ์— ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‡ผํ•‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
When on is a preposition of time, we use it with days of the week.
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on์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ผ ๋•Œ ์š”์ผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
We sayย on Monday, on Wednesday etcetera.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›”์š”์ผ, ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ๋“ฑ์— ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
Or we use it with words that include day.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Christmas Day. We say onย holiday
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‚ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํœด์ผ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ
03:09
and we even use it when we're referring to a specific date.
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ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
We say on the 3rd of March.ย We're still referring to a day, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 3์›” 3์ผ์— ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
03:19
So that's a good clue, a good general clue to remember.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๋‹จ์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ข‹์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
We use on with days of the week.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์š”์ผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ on์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
Next one.
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๋‹ค์Œ.
03:34
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
03:36
Again, the answer is on.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
So whyย is there water on the floor?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:43
This time on is a preposition of place
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์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ on์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ
03:47
and we use it to describe aย defined area or a surface.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ์ •์˜๋œ ์˜์—ญ์ด๋‚˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
So we say on the balcony.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ฝ”๋‹ˆ์—์„œ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
That's a defined area.
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์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์˜์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
We also say on the table.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์— ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
That's a defined surface.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์˜๋œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
Okay here's the next one.
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์ž, ๋‹ค์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
The answer is at.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
The party starts at 10 am.
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋Š” ์˜ค์ „ 10์‹œ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
10 am? It's a weird time for a party to start.
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์˜ค์ „ 10์‹œ? ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
What about this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ?
04:28
Yeah, at, again the answer is still at.
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์˜ˆ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹ต์€ ์•„์ง ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
I'll meetย you at the tram stop.
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ํŠธ๋žจ ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
So we use at to describe something precise, a precise time
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:40
like 10 o'clock or midday or
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10์‹œ๋‚˜ ์ •์˜ค, 1์‹œ
04:44
at 1:47 or a precise location likeย we say:
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47๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š”
04:49
Class is at 255 Queen Street.
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ํด๋ž˜์Šค๊ฐ€ 255 Queen Street์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ at์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
The school is at the corner of Queen Street andย Elizabeth Street.
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ํ•™๊ต๋Š” Queen Street์™€ Elizabeth Street ๋ชจํ‰์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Or I work at the supermarket.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์Šˆํผ๋งˆ์ผ“์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
You get the idea, right? It's precise.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ป์„, ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ? ์ •ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
Soย next we've got this one.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
05:14
Well the answer is by.
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๋‹ต์€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Will the reportย be finished by Friday?
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
05:20
So when by is a preposition of time it describes the end,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ by๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋,
05:24
theย end of time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
So we can use it with days, dates and times of the day.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์š”์ผ, ๋‚ ์งœ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
The time to write the reportย ends on Friday.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ์— ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
It's complete, there's no more time after that.
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์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„์—๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
So we can say either: The reportย is due by 12 pm.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ 12์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งˆ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
The report is due by Friday.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œ์ถœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
Or the report is due by the 2nd of December.
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๋˜๋Š” 12์›” 2์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
Depending on how specific we want to be.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
But did you know that we can replace by in all of theseย sentences
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ by๋ฅผ
06:00
with on or at too. And there are a couple of little things
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on ๋˜๋Š” at์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:05
that we need to pay attention toย if we do.
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.
06:07
Firstly, at can only be used with a time.
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์ฒซ์งธ, at์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
The report is due at 2 pm.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์˜คํ›„ 2์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
At tells us that this isย a really specific moment,
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At๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„,
06:19
a specific point in time and using by suggests that the report
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ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์ ์ž„์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ  by๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€
06:24
should beย finished at any point up until that point in time.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์‹œ์ ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ๋“  ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
So by and at are similar. At is very specific.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ by์™€ at์€ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
Byย is giving us the endpoint but what about on?
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By๋Š” ์—”๋“œํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ on์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:41
Well firstly, on can only be used with a day or a date.
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์ฒซ์งธ, on์€ ์š”์ผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‚ ์งœ์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
The report is due on Friday.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์€ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
Or it's due on the 2nd of December.
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๋˜๋Š” 12์›” 2์ผ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
Now there's a tiny little shift thatย happens here.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
As we use on, this sentence becomes more general
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ on์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ 
07:00
and more neutral. It's almost justย stating a fact, right?
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๋” ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ ?
07:06
It's not really creating urgency around when it must be completed.
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์™„๋ฃŒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ธด๊ธ‰์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
Okay? By using at or by it helps to add a little more urgency.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? at ๋˜๋Š” by๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข€ ๋” ๊ธด๋ฐ•ํ•จ์„ ๋”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
That's just a slight tiny littleย difference.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
Okay and lucky last. What about this one?
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ด ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ?
07:32
Well the answer here is by.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
When by is aย preposition of place it means next to or near
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by๊ฐ€ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์˜†์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:41
to something. It relates to closeness or to proximity.
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. ์นœ๋ฐ€๊ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทผ์ ‘์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
So if we say the umbrella is by the door,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ์‚ฐ์ด ๋ฌธ ์˜†์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:50
it's near to the door.
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๋ฌธ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
I live by the beach.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋ณ€๊ฐ€์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
07:54
It's near, it's close.
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๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค, ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค.
07:56
The post office is by the library.
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์šฐ์ฒด๊ตญ์€ ๋„์„œ๊ด€ ์˜†์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
It means it's next to or near toย the library.
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๋„์„œ๊ด€ ์˜†์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Now whether you use at or by here is a little grey.
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์ด์ œ at ๋˜๋Š” by here๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋“  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํšŒ์ƒ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
If you were thinking that the doorย is a precise location,
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๋ฌธ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:13
then you could use at to complete this sentence
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด at๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:17
but probably not when we'reย talking about objects like an umbrella
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌผ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
because at sort of suggests that there's an expectation toย come in.
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08:27
So we use it with people or with animals.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜.
08:31
We say there's someone at the door waiting to come in.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ ์•ž์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
Frankie is waiting at the door. She's scratching at the door.
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ํ”„๋žญํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ธ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
She wants to come in.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
But if Frankie'sย just sitting there outside enjoying the sunshine,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Frankie๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ–์— ์•‰์•„ ํ–‡๋น›์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:46
we might say Frankie is by the door.
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Frankie๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ ์˜†์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
So whenย we're describing the location of a person or of an animal,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ
08:55
we can usually use at and byย interchangeably with just a very slight
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์–ด at๊ณผ by๋ฅผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:01
change in meaning.
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.
09:02
So how did you go? Did you get all sixย right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์…จ์–ด์š”? 6๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งž์ถ”์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
09:05
Were there a couple that you weren't sure about? It's okay.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ปคํ”Œ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”.
09:09
Testing yourself and identifyingย those gaps in your knowledge is
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์ž์‹ ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์‹์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
09:13
exactly what you need to do to keep improving.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Now you know whichย prepositions you feel really comfortable with
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ํŽธํ•˜๊ณ 
09:20
and which ones you might need to practise a littleย more,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€,
09:24
maybe give a little more attention to.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
That is exactly how we make progress together.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
Butย what about when these prepositions don't really fit into those
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๊น”๋”ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์ž˜ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”
09:34
nice neat categories of time andย place?
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? ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š”
09:37
Well I want you to keep watching because I'm about to share some
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ„์† ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:40
tips that will help youย to master at by and on in different situations.
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. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
09:47
I've got two very important tips that I wantย to share with you
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๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:50
about learning prepositions.
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.
09:52
The first tip is to learn prepositions in wordย patterns.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํŒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด ํŒจํ„ด์—์„œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
One of the best ways to make sure that you're using prepositions
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ํŒจํ„ด์˜
10:00
accurately is to learnย them together with the adjectives
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:04
or the verbs in word patterns.
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.
10:07
So often in English, a specificย type of adjective or noun
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์ข…์ข… ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
10:11
will always be followed by the same one or two prepositions
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ
10:16
and learningย prepositions like this is amazing
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•™์Šต ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”
10:20
because you get to learn them in context, in the way that theyย are
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๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ
10:24
actually used in English so it will help you to avoid translating
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๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
from your native languageย which is often a trap that my students
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์ด๋Š” ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๋น ์ง€๋Š” ํ•จ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:32
fall into, it leads to using the wrong preposition
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.
10:36
becauseย the way that it's used in your native language
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
10:39
may not directly translate to the way that youย learn in English
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด
10:43
and so by learning these word patterns, you're able to
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์™€ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
10:48
think about and understandย the preposition as it relates to English
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์˜์–ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:52
and not directly translate it from your ownย native language.
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. ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š”
10:57
So let's look at a group of adjectives,
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
10:59
adjectives that describe a feeling.
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.
11:02
Canย you think of any?
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์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
11:04
Surprised,
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๋†€๋ผ๊ณ ,
11:06
delighted,
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๊ธฐ๋ปํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:07
disappointed,
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์‹ค๋งํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:09
amazed.
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๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›จ์”ฌ
11:11
I'm sure you can think of many, many more
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋ฅผ ํ™”๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ
11:13
but if I wanted to describe what it was that was making me feel
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:19
a certain way, angry or upset, thenย I would use at or by.
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at ๋˜๋Š” by๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
I was surprised.
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๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
By what?
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๋ฌด์—‡์— ์˜ํ•ด?
11:29
I was surprised by the news.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์†Œ์‹์— ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค.
11:32
I was surprised at theย news.
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๊ทธ ์†Œ์‹์— ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
Either is fine.
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์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด๋“  ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
He was amazed by his results.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
He was amazed at his results.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
So the point is thatย just by learning this simple pattern, feeling
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์š”์ ์€ ์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋Š๋‚Œ
11:48
and that feeling could be amazed,
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๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋†€๋ผ์›€,
11:50
delighted,
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๊ธฐ์จ,
11:51
furious, surprised
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๋ถ„๋…ธ, ๋†€๋ผ์›€์„
11:54
you have the feeling with at or by
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๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:57
and then the cause or the reason.
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.
12:00
Well if you know that pattern, you can be sure that every time
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๊ทธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:04
you want to talk about these feelingsย and what's causing them
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์›์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
12:08
well you're going to be using the right preposition.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
So my second tipย is to look for the exceptions and to learn them.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํŒ์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
English is full of exceptions, isn'tย it?
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์˜์–ด๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
12:21
It's so annoying but it's true.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
We've just learnt that there are lots of groupsย of verbs or groups of
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด๋‚˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:28
adjectives that are always followed by the same preposition.
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. ํ•ญ์ƒ
12:33
Wellย if only it were always that simple.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด.
12:37
Let's look at the verb arrive just as an example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋™์‚ฌ ๋„์ฐฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
You arriveย at a place, at describes a really precise location
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์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด at์€ ์ •๋ง ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€
12:47
but if you want to talk about how youย got there
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๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
12:51
then you would need to use by.
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by๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
She arrived at the cinema.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
But how did she getย there? Did she drive?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์šด์ „ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:01
Well then she arrived by car
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฐจ๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
13:04
or maybe she took the train.
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๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ”์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
She arrived by train.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
So at describes the location,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ at์€ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ 
13:13
by describes the mode of transportation.
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by๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
Unless of course, she walked,
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
in which case, we would say on foot.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„๋ณด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
She arrived on foot.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„๋ณด๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
So there's the exception.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
So this is whereย paying attention to exceptions can really help.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
But now that you know them, you can learn them and you can
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
13:38
practise them and the next time you go to use the verb arrive
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋™์‚ฌ ๋„์ฐฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
13:42
you can be a hundred percent confident thatย you're using
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ 100ํผ์„ผํŠธ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:46
the right preposition.
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.
13:47
Amazing, huh?
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๋†€๋ž์ฃ ?
13:49
So that is all I have for you today but I really hope
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
13:52
this lesson got you thinking about prepositions a little differently
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
13:56
and that you feel moreย confident about using at, on and by now.
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at, on ๋ฐ by now ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
Make sure you take what you learned today and you putย it into
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์‹ค์ฒœ์— ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
practice, spend a few minutes now just as we finish this lesson
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ
14:09
writing some sentences andย practising some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:12
And of course, if you want to keep practising prepositions with me
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด
14:16
then goย and check out my brand new prepositions course.
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์ œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:19
The link is down in the description, it's also rightย here
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๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช… ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
14:23
and there is a special discount waiting for all of my mmmEnglish
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋“  mmmEnglish ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ ํ• ์ธ์ด ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:26
students.
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.
14:27
Check it out and I willย see you next week with a new lesson.
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ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
Bye for now!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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