Adjective Clauses: What do you know? Learn English Grammar with Jennifer

41,959 views ใƒป 2018-01-04

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:09
Hi everyone. Itโ€™s Jennifer.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
Itโ€™s been really cold here in Massachusetts this past week.
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งค์‚ฌ์ถ”์„ธ์ธ ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ถ”์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Winter is often the season that New Englanders love. But these brutally cold temperatures arenโ€™t fun at all.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋‰ด์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ž”์ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์šด ์˜จ๋„๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
Iโ€™m the kind of person who gets cold easily, so Iโ€™ve been wearing two pairs of socks and three layers on my bodyโ€ฆinside the house!
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŽธ์ด๋ผ ์–‘๋ง ๋‘ ์ผค๋ ˆ์— ์„ธ ๊ฒนโ€ฆ
00:34
When Iโ€™m outside, I wear a heavy coat and a hat.
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๋ฐ–์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์ฝ”ํŠธ์™€ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ด๋‹ค.
00:38
This one is one of my favorites because it covers my ears. Itโ€™s fur, which makes it very warm.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋ฎ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ”ผ๋ผ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
You just heard a few adjective clauses. Did you recognize them? Take a closer look at my words.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ธ์‹ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:11
Can you spot three adjectives clauses? ...Here they are.
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์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ...์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
Let me ask you something. Can adjective clauses stand alone as a complete thought?
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๋ญ ์ข€ ๋ฌผ์–ด ๋ณด์ž. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ํ™€๋กœ ์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‚ด
01:34
The answer is no. An adjective clause is a a type of dependent clause.
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์•ผ. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ์ข…์†์ ˆ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
And we need to make an adjective clause a part of a larger sentence, a complex sentence.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ๋” ํฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ, ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
Look at the examples again.
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์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:52
The adjective clauses are dependent clauses. The main idea of each sentence is the independent clause.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ์ข…์†์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Together the independent clause and the dependent clause form a complex sentence.
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ๊ณผ ์ข…์†์ ˆ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Each clause has its own subject and verb. We use an adjective clause to do what adjectives do best: they describe or identify people or things.
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๊ฐ ์ ˆ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
When we talk about function, adjective clauses are just like single-word adjectives: they describe and identify.
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๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ ˆ์€ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
For example:
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด:
02:47
We use relative pronouns to form adjective clauses. Do you see the relative pronouns in my examples?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:58
The most common relative pronouns are who, which, and that.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” who, which, that์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Let me ask you a few questions. You may know the answers already.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
First, of these relative pronouns, which ones can we use to refer to people?
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์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:20
WHO and THAT, right?
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WHO์™€ THAT ๋งž์ฃ ?
03:25
Second, which of these relative pronouns can we use to refer to things?
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:32
WHICH and THAT, correct? Good.
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WHICH ๋ฐ THAT, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ข‹์€.
03:38
Okay. Third question. Where do we use adjective clauses? Can we put them before a noun as we do with single-word adjectives?
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:49
For example:
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์˜ˆ:
03:58
No. An adjective clause has to follow the noun it modifies. Usually itโ€™s right after that head noun.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ ˆ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
If thereโ€™s too much distance, the listener may not be able to connect the adjective clause to that head noun.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉ€๋ฉด ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
I bet youโ€™ve heard adjective clauses before. Some of you already use them.
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์ „์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
What Iโ€™d like to do in the next five lessons is make sure you understand and use adjective clauses correctly.
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๋‹ค์Œ 5๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์—์„œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
So will you join me? Will you take on this grammar challenge? I think youโ€™ll enjoy it!
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์‹ค๋ž˜์š”? ์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋„์ „์— ์‘ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”!
04:39
Youโ€™ve just had your introduction. Get ready for five more videos on adjective clauses!
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
04:48
Iโ€™ll see you again soon for our next lesson on adjective clauses. Thatโ€™s all for now.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
Please remember to like this video if youโ€™re excited about studying grammar with me!
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์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
04:58
As always, thanks for watching and happy studies.
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๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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