LEVEL UP Your Vocabulary with THESE Advanced Alternatives To Common Words

8,903 views ใƒป 2024-12-18

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
I'm tired.
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ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์š”.
00:01
You're fast.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ตฐ์š”.
00:02
It's hot.
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๋”์›Œ์š”.
00:04
It's cold.
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์ถ”์›Œ์š”.
00:05
Today you're going to level up your vocabularyย  with advanced alternatives to these common words.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ํ”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์—ฌ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ , ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:15
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Our first common word.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด.
00:18
Let's review these in examples.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Your car is fast compared to mine.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ฐจ์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋น ๋ฅธ ํŽธ์ด์—์š”.
00:25
Instead of fast, you can sayย  rapid, the service was rapid.
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๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ž์–ด์š”.
00:31
During lunch hour the service was fast, orย  the response from customer support was speedy.
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์ ์‹ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ž๊ณ , ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ง€์›ํŒ€์˜ ๋Œ€์‘๋„ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
Speedy.
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๋น ๋ฅธ.
00:41
You can also say he took a brisk walk.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ฑธ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
Brisk, brisk.
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์‹œ์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ์›ํ•ด์š”.
00:47
He took a brisk walk to clear his mind.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋น„์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ฑธ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
Now, brisk is used for actionsย  involving energy and speed,ย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ, brisk๋Š”
00:56
such as walking or weather, butย  not objects like cars or processes.
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๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ ์”จ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ–‰๋™์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
Here's a sentence hopefully you'll agree with.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋™์˜ํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
I'm making rapid progress or speedyย  progress with my English fluency.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ๊ธ‰์†๋„๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
Do you agree?
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— '
01:13
Put let's go, let's go, Putย  let's go in the comments.
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๊ฐ€์ž, ๊ฐ€์ž, ๊ฐ€์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
01:17
The rapid change in pressure andย  temperature produces huge amounts of steam.
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์••๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์˜จ๋„์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Visitors can ride one of Europe'sย  fastest elevators and take a speedyย ย 
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๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์—˜๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
01:25
climb to some of the best views in Berlin.
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์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ „๋ง์„ ๊ฐ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ถ„
01:28
Interactions that could beย  seen as pleasantly brisk.
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์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ.
01:30
And convenient in.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
Some cultures could be.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธํ™”๊ถŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Seen as horribly rude in others.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ชน์‹œ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง„๋‹ค.
01:34
And don't worry about taking notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์—… PDF๋กœ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
Our next common word?
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:42
The Internet is too slow to load videos.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Š๋ ค์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋กœ๋”ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
Instead of slow, you couldย  say the traffic was sluggish.
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๋Š๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋Œ€์‹ , ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์ด ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Sluggish.
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๋Š๋ฆฌ๋‹ค.
01:54
How fast does a slug move?
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๋ฏผ๋‹ฌํŒฝ์ด๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š”๊ฐ€?
01:57
Not fast at all.
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋น ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
01:58
Sluggish.
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๋Š๋ฆฌ๋‹ค.
02:00
Traffic was sluggish during rush hour.
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ํ‡ด๊ทผ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต์ด ๋‘”ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
Or you can say I feltย  sluggish after a heavy lunch.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน์€ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋ชธ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
Now sluggish is used to meanย  less power or less energy.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 'sluggish'๋Š” ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค.
02:14
You could also say they took aย  leisurely stroll by the lake.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ธ์ˆซ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์—ฌ์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค .
02:19
Now stroll is another word for walk leisurely.
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์‚ฐ์ฑ…์€ ์—ฌ์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
This sounds positive, so traffic is slow.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๋ผ์„œ ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
That's negative.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด์—์š”.
02:28
But we took a leisurely walk.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
This sounds positive because itย  means slow and relaxed on purpose.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
You can say progress on theย  project was gradual but steady.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ง„ํ–‰์€ ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊พธ์ค€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Gradual also sounds positiveย  whereas slow sounds negative.
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์ ์ง„์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Š๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
So gradual means slow but steady gradual.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ ์ง„์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Get sluggish.
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๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด์„ธ์š”. ์ €์žฅ๋œ
02:54
Let your body just eat the fat thatย  you've stored up, just the way you should.
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์ง€๋ฐฉ์„ ๋ชธ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋‘์„ธ์š” .
02:57
Hibernate a little bit.
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์ž ๊น ๋™๋ฉดํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:58
Around 500 million years ago, an ancientย  fish was out for a leisurely swim.
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์•ฝ 5์–ต ๋…„ ์ „, ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๊ฐ€๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
Our next word?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:03
It was quiet.
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์กฐ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Quiet in the library.
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๋„์„œ๊ด€์€ ์กฐ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๋ฐœํ‘œ ํ›„,
03:08
You can say the room was silentย  after the shocking announcement.
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๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์€ ์กฐ์šฉํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค .
03:15
You could say this spa has a serene atmosphere.
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์ด ์ŠคํŒŒ๋Š” ๊ณ ์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
Serene sounds positive.
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๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์—์š”.
03:21
It means peaceful and calm.
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ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ณ  ์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
03:24
Oh, that spa is so serene.
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์˜ค, ๊ทธ ์ŠคํŒŒ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๊ณ ์š”ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
03:27
You can say the baby's room was hushed.
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์•„๊ธฐ๋ฐฉ์€ ์กฐ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
SHH.
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์‰ฟ.
03:31
Hushed so she could sleep.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
Now if something is hushed, just like whenย  you say SHH, it means deliberately muted.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์šฉํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋ฉด, SHH๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นจ๋ฌตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
So any noise from people, musicย  outside so you close the window.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ์Œ์•… ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ซ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
03:46
The room was hushed.
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๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์€ ์กฐ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
We must be participants ofย  change, not silent observers.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ์ง€ , ์นจ๋ฌตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์ฐฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
This exhibit features playful riverย  otters in a serene environment thatย ย 
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์ด ์ „์‹œ๋Š”
03:55
is a combination of land and water habitats.
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์œก์ง€์™€ ๋ฌผ์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ณ ์š”ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์žฅ๋‚œ์น˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹ฌ์„ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Even toddlers will love this hands onย  museum where they are never hushed.
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์œ ์•„๋“ค๋„ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด ์ฒดํ—˜ํ˜• ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
What's the opposite of silent?
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์นจ๋ฌต์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€ ๋ญ์˜ˆ์š”?
04:05
Our next word?
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
04:07
The traffic is too loud for a meeting.
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๊ตํ†ต์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
Instead you can say the Thunder was deafening.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€์‹  ์ฒœ๋‘ฅ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ํ„ฐ์งˆ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ปธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
So loud I cannot hear deafening during the storm.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ํญํ’ ์†์—์„œ๋„ ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ํ„ฐ์งˆ ๋“ฏํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
Or how about the applause wasย  booming after the performance.
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๊ณต์—ฐ์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜๊ฐˆ์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ํ„ฐ์ ธ๋‚˜์™”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋• ๋‚˜์š”?
04:25
Now deafening and boomingย  both mean extremely loud.
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์ด์ œ ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ํ„ฐ์งˆ ๋“ฏํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ต‰์Œ์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
Sometimes this can be positive, like an applause.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜๊ฐˆ์ฑ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
You want applause to be extremely loud?
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๋ฐ•์ˆ˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
04:37
How about this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
04:38
Her piercing scream.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋‚ ์นด๋กœ์šด ๋น„๋ช….
04:41
Her piercing scream startled everyone.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋‚ ์นด๋กœ์šด ๋น„๋ช…์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค.
04:45
Now.
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04:45
Piercing is used for very high pitched orย  sharp sounds and they get your attention.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
ํ”ผ์–ด์‹ฑ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ ์นด๋กœ์šด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
Right now, students around the world are screamingย  for change in the piercing voice of despair.
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์ง€๊ธˆ, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋ง์˜ ๋‚ ์นด๋กœ์šด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์™ธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Ah, crickets.
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์•„, ๊ท€๋šœ๋ผ๋ฏธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ.
04:59
The deafening silence that occurs whenย  someone doesn't respond to our e-mail,ย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ, ์ „ํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:03
phone call or text, or in some wayย  fails to acknowledge that we exist.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ํ„ฐ์งˆ ๋“ฏํ•œ ์นจ๋ฌต.
05:08
Our next common word.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
It's too hot to sit outside.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋”์›Œ์„œ ๋ฐ–์— ์•‰์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์š”.
05:13
Instead of hot, you canย  say the sand was scorching.
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๋œจ๊ฒ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋Œ€์‹ , ๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
05:19
Scorching.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋œจ๊ฒ๋‹ค.
05:21
Or the sun was blazing at midday.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ•œ๋‚ฎ์—๋„ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋œจ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:25
You can say she finished the raceย  despite the sweltering, sweltering heat.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฌด๋”์šด ๋”์œ„ ์†์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค .
05:34
Now, all of these mean extremely hot, butย  sweltering specifically means uncomfortably hot.
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์ด์ œ, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋”์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌด๋”์œ„๋Š” ๋ถˆํŽธํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋”์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
It is an extreme temperature.
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๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Now, India is a country infamousย  for its scorching heat and humidity.
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์ธ๋„๋Š” ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์—ด๊ธฐ์™€ ์Šต๋„๋กœ ์•…๋ช… ๋†’์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
And everything smoking, blazing, quicklyย  moving, steam is going in your face.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ณ , ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ , ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ๋‹ฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Everything's smelling super good.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ํ–ฅ์ด๋„ค์š”.
05:54
And that's the beauty of wok cooking.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์› ์š”๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌ˜๋ฏธ์ฃ .
05:56
It's another sweltering nightย  here in the swamps of Texas.
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ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์Šต์ง€๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„ ๋ฌด๋”์šด ๋ฐค์ด ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
And the opposite of hot,ย  it's too cold in this room.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋”์šด ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง๋กœ, ์ด ๋ฐฉ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ถฅ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
You can say the wind wasย  chilly during the evening walk,ย ย 
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์ €๋… ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
06:11
the leisurely evening walk or stroll,ย  or the lake felt icy or freezing whenย ย 
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์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์šด ์ €๋… ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ๋ฌผ์— ์†์„ ๋‹ด๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์–ผ์Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:20
I dipped my hand in the frigid forย  rigid air froze the pipes overnight.
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. ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐค์ƒˆ ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๊ฐ€ ์–ผ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
Now these adjectives are listed from leastย  extreme so least cold to most extreme most cold.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ถฅ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚˜์—ด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ถฅ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€.
06:38
Well, it's.
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06:38
Chilly out here, isn't it?
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ ์”จ๋Š” ์ถ”์›Œ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
06:39
Or.
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๋˜๋Š”.
06:40
At night.
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๋ฐค์—. ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ” ๋งŒ์˜
06:41
Surrounded by the swirling currents andย  freezing water of San Francisco Bay,ย ย 
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์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด์น˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฅ˜์™€ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์€ ๋ฌผ์— ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ
06:44
Alcatraz was believed to be inescapable,ย  holding his breath under dark, frigid water.
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์•Œ์นดํŠธ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋‘ก๊ณ  ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ๋ฌผ์†์—์„œ ์ˆจ์„ ์ฐธ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํƒˆ์ถœ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
Our next common word?
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:52
She was angry about the mistake.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
06:56
The boss seemed irritated.
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์‚ฌ์žฅ์€ ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋‹ค.
06:58
Irritated during the meeting.
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ํšŒ์˜ ์ค‘์— ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
07:01
You don't want that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:02
He was furious when his flight was cancelled.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์†Œ๋˜์ž ๋ถ„๋…ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
Maybe you've experienced that.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
07:09
Or she became enraged.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฒฉ๋…ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
Enraged when her suitcase was lost.
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์—ฌํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ„๋…ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
Again, these are listed from least extreme.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์—ด๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
So least angry to most extreme.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€.
07:22
Enraged means extremely angry.
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๊ฒฉ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
You know, sometimes I get irritated,ย  annoyed and wonder what the heck,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋”์€ ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜์„œ, ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด
07:28
what are you doing, why are you driving like that?
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๋ญ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ์™œ ์ €๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ? ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:30
Or he was really furious at Hostiter,ย  as he was by the way, at Minsky.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏผ์Šคํ‚ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋“ฏ์ด ํ˜ธ์Šคํ‹ฐํ„ฐ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ •๋ง ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:33
Torvald finally reads the letterย  from Krogstad, and he is enraged.
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ํ† ๋ฅด๋ฐœ๋“œ๋Š” ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํฌ๋กœ๊ทธ์Šคํƒ€๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ๊ฒฉ๋…ธํ•œ๋‹ค.
07:38
Let's talk about hungry.
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๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:40
Of course you can say I'm hungry.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:43
Let's get lunch.
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์ ์‹ฌ ๋จน์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ž.
07:45
Now you can say I'm a littleย  peckish or just I'm peckish.
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์ด์ œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
Let's have a snack.
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๊ฐ„์‹์„ ๋จน์ž.
07:52
You can say after hiking all day I wasย  famished, damaged, or he felt ravenous.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ํ•˜์ดํ‚น์„ ํ•œ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ชน์‹œ ํ—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š๊ผˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
Ravenous after skipping breakfast again.
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์•„์นจ๋ฐฅ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅด๋‹ˆ ๋˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๋„ค์š”.
08:04
Least extreme peckish only means slightly hungryย  to most extreme ravenous means extremely hungry.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์„ ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆผ์€ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€
08:14
We can whip up a sandwich if we're feelingย  peckish, but we have to consume proteins and.
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๊ณ ํ”„๋ฉด ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๊ณผ...์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Sugars and other.
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08:19
Essential molecules made byย  something out the ravenousย ย 
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์„คํƒ• ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆฐ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์†
์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ํ•„์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์€
08:23
swarm stretches as far as the eye can see.
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๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ป—์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
Let's talk about so tired.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด์ž.
08:28
I was so tired after the long flight.
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๊ธด ๋น„ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:32
You can use weary.
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weary๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
We were weary, weary After the 10 hour flight.
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10์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์ณ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
He felt drained from back-to-back meetings.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฐ์ด์€ ํšŒ์˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง€์ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
Drained.
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๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋จ.
08:47
Or you can say she was exhausted.
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง€์ณ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
08:49
I'm sure you know this one, butย  how frequently do you use it?
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์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
08:53
She was exhausted after the marathon.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์„ ํ•œ ํ›„๋กœ ์ง€์ณ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
I really believe.
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
But it is a weary game.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด์ฃ .
09:01
And then, as Kyle's strength drainedย  away, he sensed the end was coming.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์นด์ผ์˜ ํž˜์ด ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
On the one hand, if they doย  so, they'll be exhausted.
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ํ•œํŽธ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
09:08
They'll suffer from burnout.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒˆ์•„์›ƒ์„ ๊ฒช์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
09:09
Let's talk about stupid.
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๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด์ž.
09:11
Of course, you can describe someone asย  stupid, which is quite a rude thing to say.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ , ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Not very polite, but we often useย  this adjective with ourselves.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
I made a stupid mistake.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Have you ever said that I made aย  stupid mistake in front of my boss?
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์ƒ์‚ฌ ์•ž์—์„œ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ์  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:29
Oh no.
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์•ˆ ๋ผ.
09:30
Well, instead of stupid, you can say dumb.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:33
Oh, that was dumb of me.
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์•„, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉ์ฒญํ–ˆ๊ตฐ์š”.
09:34
That was stupid of me.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ง“์„ ์ €์งˆ๋ €์–ด์š”.
09:36
You probably know that one.
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์•„๋งˆ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์ด๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:37
How about foolish?
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์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
09:39
It's foolish.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ง“์ด์—์š”.
09:41
Not very smart.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
09:42
So stupid or dumb?
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์ •๋ง ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?
09:45
Not very smart.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
09:46
It's foolish to leave your car unlocked.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ž ๊ทธ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
Would you agree with that?
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์ด์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
09:50
So saying something is foolishย  sounds slightly less rude thanย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:55
saying that's dumb when you'reย  saying it to another person.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋œ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
Or if you even want to sound more polite,ย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋” ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:01
you can say he made a silly a sillyย  mistake by wearing mismatched socks.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง ์ด ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์–‘๋ง์„ ์‹ ์–ด์„œ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
So we use silly when something isย  more lighthearted, not very serious,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋” ๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ณ , ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
10:13
and is not as harsh of the others.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•  ๋•Œ silly๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
So if you want to say this to someone,ย  if you say that was dumb of you,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:21
that was stupid of you, thatย  sounds quite harsh, quite rude.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ์ง“์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
But if you say that was foolish of you orย  that was silly of you, that sounds less harsh.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ง“์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
How can you be smart and haveย  this dumb idea at the same time?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
10:33
This was nuts without fear.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ง“์ด์•ผ.
10:34
We'll do foolish things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ง“์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
10:36
I also do silly things likeย  I have a reggae air horn.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ ˆ๊ฒŒ ์—์–ดํ˜ผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ง“๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:40
Let's talk about rich.
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๋ถ€์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:41
He's rich enough to afford a yacht.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์š”ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ด ๋งŒํผ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๋‹ค.
10:45
Notice that pronunciation?
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
10:47
Yacht.
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์š”ํŠธ
10:48
Yacht you can use wealthy.
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๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”ํŠธ.
10:52
Warren Buffett is extremely wealthy, so youย  can still modify this to make it stronger.
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์›Œ๋ Œ ๋ฒ„ํ•์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Extremely wealthy.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•จ.
11:02
You can say his wife's family is loaded.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋‚ด์˜ ์ง‘์•ˆ์€ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
Loaded.
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๋กœ๋“œ๋จ.
11:07
This is a casual way of saying extremelyย  wealthy, but native speakers use this a lot.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด์ง€๋งŒ , ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
He's loaded, she's loaded, they're loaded.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ž์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋…€๋„ ๋ถ€์ž์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ๋ถ€์ž์˜ˆ์š”.
11:17
To sound more formal or professionalย  you can use affluent are prosperous.
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์ข€ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋ฉด affluent are prosperous๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
They live in an affluentย  or prosperous neighborhood.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฒˆ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™๋„ค์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
11:28
You can use these to describe people, but theyย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
11:31
are more commonly used to describeย  communities, countries, businesses.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€, ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
Many wealthy countries have adopted a carbon taxย  that makes consuming carbon fuels more costly,ย ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์†Œ๋น„ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ
11:43
encouraging households toย  adopt carbon neutral energies.
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๊ฐ€๊ณ„์—์„œ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
Many neighborhoods will be redeveloped asย  affluent housing, while thousands of residentsย ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ๋™๋„ค๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์ฃผํƒ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  , ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€
11:50
will be forcibly pushed out of their homesย  and into affordable housing outside the city.
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๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ ์™ธ๊ณฝ์˜ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ฃผํƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
The city dates back to medieval times andย  was already prosperous by the 13th century,ย ย 
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์ด ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์ค‘์„ธ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ 13์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ์˜› ํ•˜๋งˆ์Šค์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•˜๋งˆ์Šค๋ฅผ
11:59
when a dam was built to separateย  the rot from the new Hamas.
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๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ์ด ๊ฑด์„ค๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฒˆ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:02
And the opposite of rich.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ž์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:04
Hopefully you don't need to use this.
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์ด๊ฑธ ์“ธ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
He's too poor to afford a yacht.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์š”ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ด ๋ˆ์ด ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•ด์š”.
12:11
You can say we're raising moneyย  for disadvantaged children.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถˆ์šฐํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:16
Notice that pronunciation disadvantaged.
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๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:20
So children who don't have the advantages thatย  wealthy families have disadvantaged children.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ์ด์ ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ถˆ์šฐํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ธ ์ดํ›„
12:29
The community became impoverishedย  impoverished after the hurricane.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:36
The organization helps destituteย  destitute individuals find housing,ย ย 
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์ด ์กฐ์ง์€ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
12:43
so these are people in the most need destitute.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
There's disparities.
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๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
It exposes, you know, that they'reย  not taking care of certain, you know,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํŠน์ •
12:52
minority groups or disadvantaged groups.
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์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์šฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
So there's a lot of political impediments, butย  there's spectacular examples of the opposite.
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์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
They want to impoverish all of humanity todayย  to solve a putative problem in the future.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์ •๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋นˆ๊ณคํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
There's some desperate poverty outย  there and it's not just an anomaly,ย ย 
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์ ˆ๋ง์ ์ธ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ ์ธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
13:07
it's half of humanity struggling to make it work.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋นˆ๊ณค์„ ์ด๊ฒจ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๊ตฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
Let's move on to clean.
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์ด์ œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
Your kitchen is so clean you canย  say the hotel room was spotless.
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ํ˜ธํ…” ๊ฐ์‹ค์ด ๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  โ€‹โ€‹๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํผ ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์ด ๊นจ๋—ํ•ด์š”.
13:20
Spotless.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•จ.
13:21
Extremely clean.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊นจ๋—ํ•จ.
13:23
You can say the lab must remain pristine.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊นจ๋—ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
Pristine.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•จ.
13:29
Or your white countertops look Immaculate.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํฐ์ƒ‰ ์กฐ๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊นจ๋—ํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ž–์•„์š”.
13:34
Immaculate.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ณ .
13:35
Not an imperfection or a spot or a mark.
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๊ฒฐํ•จ๋„, ์–ผ๋ฃฉ๋„, ํ‘œ์‹œ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
Immaculate.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ณ .
13:40
There's no spotless.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•จ์ด๋ž€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
Leaders, I mean.
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13:41
None of us in here are morally.
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๋ฆฌ๋”๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘์— ๋„๋•์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
Unstained characters.
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์–ผ๋ฃฉ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ธ€์ž.
13:44
In life's.
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์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ.
13:45
Grand story.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
Even so, given this risk, it is a pristine.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
He's also committed to theย  idea of an Immaculate empire.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ์ œ๊ตญ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์ƒ์— ํ—Œ์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:53
And the opposite.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
My kitchen is so dirty.
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๋‚ด ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋”๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์š”.
13:58
The hotel room was filthy when we arrived.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜ธํ…” ๋ฐฉ์€ ๋”๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
Extremely dirty, filthy.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋”๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•จ.
14:05
The windows became grimy after theย  storm, His unkempt repeat after me.
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ํญํ’์šฐ ์ดํ›„ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์€ ๋”๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์กŒ๊ณ  , ๊ทธ์˜ ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๋‹ค๋…”๋‹ค.
14:13
Unkempt, unkempt, disheveled, disheveled.
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๊น”๋”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ, ๊น”๋”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ, ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ง, ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ง.
14:20
His unkempt or disheveledย  appearance surprised everyone.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ์™ธ๋ชจ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
So if I started this video and my hair was superย  messy and my shirt had stains on it and maybe myย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ ์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์…”์ธ ์— ์–ผ๋ฃฉ์ด ๋ฌป์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
14:34
lipstick was smeared, you might say Jennifer youย  look unkempt or Jennifer you look disheveled.
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๋ฆฝ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ๋ฒˆ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊น”๋”ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ ธ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
So this is used with personal appearanceย  and it means poorly maintained or neglected.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์™ธ๋ชจ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ , ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œํ™€ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
I neglected to brush my hair and fixย  my shirt before recording this video.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋…นํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋น—๊ณ , ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Living City ๊ธฐ๋ก๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
14:55
Crowded tenements, filthy streets andย  unsanitary conditions all around contributedย ย 
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ํ˜ผ์žกํ•œ ๋นˆ๋ฏผ๊ฐ€, ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ๋น„์œ„์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
15:00
to an annual death rate of one out of every 36ย  residents, according to the Living City archive.
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์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์ด 36๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:06
The kitchen area is dirty and grimy.
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์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์€ ๋”๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋จผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
Why was he unshaved with unkempt hair andย  torn jeans and paint all over as close?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฉด๋„๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ณ  ์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€๋Š” ์ฐข์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋ชธ ์ „์ฒด์— ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌป์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?
15:13
Should.
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15:13
Someone call the.
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ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด.
15:14
Police.
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15:14
Our next word?
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ.
๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
15:15
Boring.
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ.
15:16
I'm sure you've used this one.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์ด๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
15:18
The lecture was boring.
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๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
Hopefully you're not thinkingย  that right now with this lesson.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜น์€
15:25
Or you can say the movie was dull, dry, or slow.
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์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ฑด์กฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋Š๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
All of these are synonyms to boring.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
You can say filling out forms is always tedious.
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์–‘์‹์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
We use this with tasks that are boring.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
Or you can say this job is so mundane, monotonous.
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ํ˜น์€ ์ด ์ง์—…์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ์กฐ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
So these mean routine not changing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ผ์ƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
15:52
So the same task over andย  over again every single day.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งค์ผ๋งค์ผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
And because it's routine and notย  changing, it's therefore boring.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
I know all of this may seem tedious or boring.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
16:05
I.
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16:05
Was finding ways to motivate myself whenย  things kind of got a little bored or mundane.
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I. ์ผ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•ด์งˆ
๋•Œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:10
And audio book.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ. ๋†€๋ž„
16:12
It gets astoundingly monotonous.
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๋งŒํผ ๋‹จ์กฐ๋กœ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
Now you have so many advancedย  alternatives to add to your vocabulary.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
Do you want me to keep teaching you more?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ๋“œ๋ฆด๊นŒ์š”?
16:21
Put, let's go, let's go put,ย  let's go in the comments.
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๋„ฃ์–ด, ๊ฐ€์ž, ๊ฐ€์ž ๋„ฃ์–ด, ๊ฐ€์ž, ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
16:25
And of course, make sure you like this lesson,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:27
share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
16:32
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
16:35
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
16:41
And you can keep expanding yourย  vocabulary with this lesson right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋Š˜๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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